Il Behaviour Driven Development è una pratica di sviluppo software nella quale i comportamenti della propria applicazione vengono descritti con un linguaggio chiaro e comprensibile a tutti. Grazie a Behat, questi scenari si trasformano in test veri e propri che possono essere eseguiti sulle nostre applicazioni Drupal.

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2. BDD with Behat &
Drupal
Alessio Piazza
Software Developer @SparkFabrik
(twinbit + agavee)
twitter: @alessiopiazza
I do stuff with Drupal
SPARKFABRIK

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• Behaviour Driven Development
• a software development process that emerged
from TDD (Test Driven Development)
• Behaviour driven development specifies that
tests of any unit of software should be specified
in terms of the desired behaviour of the unit
BDD
SPARKFABRIK

4. WHY BDD? or TDD?
• You must test your application
• Save your self from regressions (fix one thing,
break another one)
• Save your self from misunderstanding between
you and your client
• Your tests become specification
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5. BDD Workflow
1. Write a specification feature
2. Implement its test
3. Run test and watch it FAIL
4. Change your app to make test PASS
5. Run test and watch it PASS
6. Repat from 2-5 until all GREEN
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6. BDD: HOW IT WORKS?
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7. HOW IT WORKS?
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8. Write a specification feature
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Feature: Download Drupal 8
In order to use Drupal 8
as a user
i should be able to download it from drupal.org
Scenario: Download Drupal 8 from Drupal.org
Given i am on the homepage
When i Click “Download and Extend”
Then I should see the link “Download Drupal 8.0.0”
Scenario: …
SPARKFABRIK

9. SCENARIO STRUCTURE
9
Scenario: Download Drupal 8 from Drupal.org
Given I am on drupal.org homepage
When I Click “Download and Extend”
Then I should see the link “Download Drupal 8.0.0”
SPARKFABRIK

10. SCENARIO STRUCTURE
10
Given i am on drupal.org homepage
And i Click “Download and Extend”
Then I should see the link “Download Drupal 8.0.0”
Scenario: Download Drupal 8 from Drupal.org
Keyword Description
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11. SCENARIO STRUCTURE
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Given i am on drupal.org homepage
And i Click “Download and Extend”
Then I should see the link “Download Drupal 8.0.0”
Scenario: Download Drupal 8 from Drupal.org
Keyword Description
Steps
Given I am on drupal.org homepage
When I Click “Download and Extend”
Then I should see the link “Download …”
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12. STEPS: Keywords
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Given -> To put the system in a known state
Given I am an anonymous user
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13. Given
STEPS: Keywords
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When -> To describe the key action to performs
When I click on the link
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14. Given
STEPS: Keywords
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When
Then -> To to observe outcomes
Then I should see the text “Hello”
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15. Given
STEPS: Keywords
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When
Then
And / But -> To make our scenario more readable
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16. STEPS: Keywords
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Scenario: Download Drupal 8 from Drupal.org
Given I am on drupal.org homepage
Given I am an anonymous user
When I Click “Download and Extend”
When I Click “Download Drupal 8.0.0”
Then I should see the link “Drupal Core 8.0.0”
SPARKFABRIK

17. STEPS: Keywords
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Scenario: Download Drupal 8 from Drupal.org
Given I am on drupal.org homepage
And I am an anonymous user
When I Click “Download and Extend”
And I Click “Download Drupal 8.0.0”
Then I should see the link “Drupal Core 8.0.0”
SPARKFABRIK

18. GHERKIN
• It is a Business Readable, Domain Specific
Language
• Lets you describe software’s behaviour without
detailing how that behaviour is implemented.
• Gherkin is the language that BEHAT
understands.
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19. BEHAT
docs.behat.org/en/v3.0/
Open source Behavior Driven Development
framework for PHP (5.3+)
Inspired from Cucumber (Ruby)
www.cucumber.io
From version 3 BEHAT it’s an official
Cucumber implementation in PHP
Let us write tests based on our scenarios
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20. HOW BEHAT READS
GHERKIN?
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Given I am an anonymous user
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21. HOW BEHAT READS
GHERKIN?
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/**
* @Given I am an anonymous user
*/
public function assertAnonymousUser() {
// Verify the user is logged out.
if ($this->loggedIn()) {
$this->logout();
}
}
Given I am an anonymous user
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22. HOW BEHAT READS
GHERKIN?
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Then I should not see the text :text
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23. HOW BEHAT READS
GHERKIN?
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/**
* @Then I should not see the text :text
*/
public function assertNotTextVisible($text) {
// Use the Mink Extension step definition.
$this->assertPageNotContainsText($text);
}
Then I should not see the text :text
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24. STEP RESULTS
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/**
* @Then I should not see the text :text
*/
public function assertNotTextVisible($text) {
// This step will fail.
throw new Exception(‘Test failed’);
}
• A step FAILS when an Exception is thrown
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25. STEP RESULTS
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/**
* @Then I will trigger a success
*/
public function triggerSuccess() {
// This step will pass.
print(‘Hello DrupalDay’);
}
• A step PASS when no Exception are raised
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26. OTHER STEP RESULTS
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• SUCCESSFUL
• FAILED
• PENDING
• UNDEFINED
• SKIPPED
• AMBIGUOUS
• REDUNDANT
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27. WHERE ARE THESE
STEPS?
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• STEPS are defined inside plain PHP Object
classes, called CONTEXTS
• MinkContext and DrupalContext give use a lot of
pre-defined steps ready to be used
• Custom steps can be defined inside
FeatureContext class
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28. Sum Up
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Give use the syntax
to write features and scenarios
Our framework that reads our
scenarios and run tests
Classes containing our step
definitions
GHERKIN
BEHAT
CONTEXTS
SPARKFABRIK

29. How we integrate Behat and
Drupal?
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Behat Drupal Extension
An integration layer between
Drupal and Behat
https://www.drupal.org/project/drupalextension
https://github.com/jhedstrom/drupalextension
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30. From your project root..
composer require drupal/drupal-extension
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- Installing drupal/drupal-driver (v1.1.4)
Downloading: 100%
> DrupalCoreComposerComposer::vendorTestCodeCleanup
- Installing symfony/filesystem (v3.0.0)
Downloading: 100%
> DrupalCoreComposerComposer::vendorTestCodeCleanup
- Installing symfony/config (v2.8.0)
Downloading: 100%
> DrupalCoreComposerComposer::vendorTestCodeCleanup
- Installing behat/transliterator (v1.1.0)
Loading from cache
…
…
> DrupalCoreComposerComposer::vendorTestCodeCleanup
- Installing drupal/drupal-extension (v3.1.3)
Downloading: 100% SPARKFABRIK

31. Create file behat.yml
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1 default:
2 suites:
3 default:
4 contexts:
5 - FeatureContext
6 - DrupalDrupalExtensionContextDrupalContext
7 - DrupalDrupalExtensionContextMinkContext
8 extensions:
9 BehatMinkExtension:
10 goutte: ~
11 base_url: http://d8.drupalday2015.sparkfabrik.loc # Replace with your site's URL
12 DrupalDrupalExtension:
13 blackbox: ~
see https://github.com/jhedstrom/drupalextension
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32. Then --init your test suite
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vendor/bin/behat --init
+d features - place your *.feature files here
+d features/bootstrap - place your context classes here
+f features/bootstrap/FeatureContext.php - place your
definitions, transformations and hooks here
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33. Demo!
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34. BROWSER INTERACTION
• With BDD we write clear, understandable
scenario
• Our scenario often describe an interaction with
the browser
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WE NEED A BROWSER EMULATOR
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35. BROWSER EMULATORS
• Headless browser emulators (Goutte)
• Browser controllers (Selenium2, SAHI)
• They do basically the same thing: control or
emulate browsers but they do them in different
ways
• They comes with their pro and cons
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36. MINK!
http://mink.behat.org/en/latest/
• MINK removes API differences between different browser emulators
• MINK provides different drivers for every browser emulator
• MINK gives you an easy way to
1. control the browser
2. traverse pages
3. manipulate page elements
4. interact with page elements
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/**
* @When /^(?:|I )move forward one page$/
*/
public function forward() {
$this->getSession()->forward();
}
MINK!
http://mink.behat.org/en/latest/
When I move forward one page
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38. Wrap up
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GHERKIN
BEHAT
CONTEXTS
MINK
Give use the syntax
to write features and scenarios
Our framework that reads our
scenarios and run the tests
Classes containing our step
definitions
Describe browser interaction
without worrying about the browser
SPARKFABRIK

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