This document discusses key terms and methods related to pattern making. It describes pattern making as the process of manipulating fabric to conform to the human body via a paper template. There are three main methods: drafting uses measurements, draping involves shaping fabric on a form, and flat patternmaking develops basic fitted patterns. Key terms defined include grain lines, darts, balance lines, and pattern pieces like bodice fronts and backs. The document also discusses production patterns, marker makers who lay out patterns efficiently, and fashion-specific terms.

1. COURSE- BDFT
SEMESTER-II
SUBJECT- DRAFTING &
PATTERN MAKING
UNIT- III
TOPIC- PATTERN MAKING
TERMS

2. Pattern Making
 Pattern making is an art. It is the art of
manipulating and shaping a flat piece of fabric
to conform to one or more curves of the human
figure . Pattern making is a bridge function
between design and production. A sketch can be
turned into a garment via a pattern which
interprets the design in the form of the garment
components

3.  pattern is the template from which the parts of
a garment are traced onto fabric before being
cut out and assembled. Patterns are usually
made of paper and are sometimes made of
sturdier materials like paperboard or cardboard if
they need to be more robust to withstand
repeated use.The process of making or cutting
patterns is sometimes condensed to the one-
word Patternmaking but it can also be
written pattern making or pattern cutting.

4. Methods of Pattern Making
Pattern making involves three methods-
 Drafting
 Draping
 Flat paper patternmaking

5. Drafting
 It involves measurements derived from sizing
systems or accurate measurements taken on a
person, dress or body form. Measurements for
chest, waist, hip and so on, and ease allowances
are marked on paper and construction lines are
drawn to complete the pattern. Drafting is used
to create basic, foundation or design patterns.

7. Draping
It involves the draping of a two dimensional piece of
fabric around a form, conforming to its shape,
creating a three-dimensional fabric pattern.This
muslin is transferred to paper to be used as a final
pattern (Armstrong). Ease allowances for
movement are added to make the garment
comfortable to wear. Advantage of draping is that
the designer can see the overall design effect of the
finished garment on the body form before the
garment piece is cut and sewn. However, it is more
expensive and time consuming than flat pattern
making

9. Flat Pattern Making
 : It involves the development of a fitted basic
pattern with comfort ease to fit a person or body
form. Five basic pattern pieces are used for
women's clothing.They include a snug-fitting
bodice front and bodice back with darts and a
basic neckline, a sleeve and a fitted skirt front
and back with darts. However, as fashion
changes frequently women's styles fluctuate
frequently..


10. Fashion Pattern Making Term
1. First pattern- The first pattern is original
pattern developed for each design.This
pattern is generally made from Marking
Paper & usually requires fitting and
adjustment, half a pattern is developed. An
asymmetrical design requires a full pattern.

11. Image-1

12.  Production Pattern- The production pattern is
a pattern set that has been corrected &
without error.The pattern must contain every
pattern piece. Required to complete the
garment.The pattern are used by the grader
for grading sizes and by the marker maker for
a fabric layout. A pattern chart is placed in
front of the set.

13. Image-2

14.  Marker Maker- The Marker Maker’s
responsibility is to lay the production patterns
on marking paper so that there is little waste
of fabric. Pattern sizes are often mixed on the
marker to prevent waste.The marker is pencil
marked, photo marked, or done on a
computer.

15. Image=-3

16. Balance Line Term
 Plumb Line- A vertical line that is at right angles
with the floor. Used to determine the balance of
the figure.
 Perpendicular line- A straight line at right angles
to another line.
 Vertical Line- A line that is straight up & down.
 Horizontal Line- A straight line parallel with the
floor.

17.  Right Angle-The 90 degree angle formed by two
intersecting lines, referred to as a squared line.
 Symmetrical line- A center fine with equal
proportions on either side of it.
 Balance-The perfect relationship between parts
that when combined, form a unit (or whole) in
which each part is in exact proportion and
harmony with all others.

18.  Balancing a pattern- Finding and adjusting the
differences between joining patterns parts to
improve the hang and fit of the garment.
 Horizontal Balance Line- A Reference to any line
marked around the form that is parallel with the
floor. Pattern are also marked with horizontal
balance lines squared from the center lines
representing the crosswise grain when the
garment is cut in fabric.The HBL lines help when
balancing the patterns.

19. Bust Point- A designated place on the bust
and pattern and referred to in flat
patternmaking as the pivotal Point or apex.
Image-4

20.  Dart- A wedge shaped cut out in a pattern to
control the fit of a garment.
 Dart Leg-The two lines converge at a
predetermined point on the pattern.

21. Dart & dart Leg
Image-5

22.  Selvedge- is a self-finished edge of fabric.
The selvages keep the fabric from unraveling
or fraying.The selvages are a result of how
the fabric is created.

23. Image-6

24.  Grain line.This thread runs the entire length of
the fabric and is parallel to the selvage.When
you place a pattern on the fabric, you align the
pattern’s grainline with the fabric’s lengthwise
grain. Unless otherwise noted, grain or grain line
generally refers to the lengthwise grain.
 The line of fabric that moves at a right angle to
the crosswise grain is the lengthwise grain line.

25. Image-7

26.  The line of thread moving from selvage to
selvage is called weft.
 True Bias is an invisible line that’s at a 45
degree angle to the crosswise and lengthwise
grain. It has a good deal of stretch.When
garments are cut on the bias, they hug and
move easily with the body. Fabric for
spaghetti straps, bias binding and cording are
also cut on the bias.

27. References
1. http://thecuttingclass.com/post/3599880487/pa
tternmaking-cut-and-spread-darts
2. http://www.appareldesignpartners.com/?page_i
d=55
3. http://www.fashion-
incubator.com/archive/what-is-a-marker/
4. http://www.sew2pro.com/tag/pivot-method/
5. http://curly-qsandcouture.blogspot.in/
6. http://sewingschool.org/2011/03/06/selvage/
7. http://www.quiltviews.com/don%E2%80%99t-
let-your-selvage-languish

28. Thank you