BASICS OF COMPUTER NETWORKING Its consists of Group (or Number of individual computer’s) of computer and Device which are connected with each other. It allows the computer’s to communicate with each other and share information and resources that software and a peripheral device such as printers, scanners.

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BASICS OF COMPUTER NETWORKING
Concept of Computer Networking:-Itsconsistsof Group(or Numberof individual computer’s)of
computerandDevice whichare connectedwitheachother.
It allowsthe computer’stocommunicationwitheachotherandshare informationandresourcesthat
software andperipheral device suchasprinters,scanners.
NEED FOR COMPUTER NETWORKS
These are the common needsgivenbelow:-
 SharingFiles,Folder,DataandInformation.
 SharingHardware resourcessuchas a networkprinter.
 Sharingsoftware,asmanyusersconnectedtothe networkcan run the same application
program.
TYPES OF NETWORKING CONFIGURATION
MainlyTwo typesof configurationof computer network.
1. Client-serverModel.
2. Peer-to- peerModel
1. CLIENT-SERVER MODEL :
 Clientserverisaconfigurationof the computernetworkthatinclude aserverandone
or more clients.
 Clientsserveris workcentralizedmanage data,printersornetworktraffic depending
uponthe type of the server.
 The serverisa more powerful systemwhichmanagessharedasdatabases,printing
communication links.
 A computernetworkdiagramof clientscommunicatingwithaserverviathe Internet

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2. PEER-TO-PEERMODEL :
 Thisserverisa Decentralizedand lesstrafficconsume.
 A peer-to-peer(P2P) networkiscreatedwhentwoormore PCsare connectedandshare
resourceswithoutgoingthroughaseparate servercomputer.
TYPES OF COMPUTER NETWORKING
LAN:-
Standfor Local AreaNetwork.itisconnectscomputersandworkingtosharingdata and resourcessuch
as printeror faxes.Thisisa small areanetworksuchas Home,Office andCollege.
Its coversa local area 1km.
Data transmissionRate 10/100/1000 Mbps.
MAN:-
Standfor MetropolitanAreaNetwork.Thisnetworkcoversareaof a single city.Usuallymanconnects
more than LAN in a city or town.The cable TV,telephone companiesorlocal corporationsuse MAN.
PAN:-
Standfor Personal AreaNetwork. Thisisacomputernetwork usedfordatatransmissionamongst
devicessuchascomputers,telephones,tabletsandpersonal digitalassistants.
PANscan be usedfor communicationamongstthe personaldevicesthemselves(interpersonal
communication),

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SAN:-
Standfor Storage-AreaNetwork(SAN) isadedicatedhigh-speednetwork(orsubnetwork) that
interconnectsandpresentssharedpoolsof storage devicestomultipleservers.
Thisallowseachservertoaccess sharedstorage as if it were a drive directlyattachedtothe server
WAN:-
Standfor Wide AreaNetwork.Thisiscoversa wide geographical areawhichincludesmultiple computer
or Lans.
Its connectscomputerpublicnetworks,liketelephone system, microwave,satellite,linkorleasedline.
Most of the WAN use leasedlines forInternetaccessastheyprovide fasterdatatransfer.