Basic-Life-Support-Training special.pptx

HOUSE RULES
• Always be on time.
• Attendance will be checked on morning and afternoon sessions.
• All Cellular Phones should be in silent mode.
• Maintain cleanliness and avoid unnecessary noises/small group
conferences during discussion.
• In case there is a need to go out from the training venue during
session (e.g. personal purpose or emergency call from their
respective offices), the Facilitators/Instructors must be notified.
• All participants will be evaluated thru a written(30%) and
skills(60%) examination and attitude (10%).
• Wear a comfortable attire (no jewelries, no lipstick for females,
neatly-tied hair for those with long hairs.
• Always wear a smile .

SL.ppt/TR/FC 20 3
BLS for HCP
Principles of Emergency Care
and
Introduction to Basic Life Support
SESSION 1

SL.ppt/TR/FC 20 4
BLS for HCP
Principles of Emergency Care
SESSION 1 – Part 1

SL.ppt/TR/FC 20 5
BLS for HCP
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the discussion, the participants should be able to
correctly:
• Describe the Five Emergency Action Principles with
emphasis on the following:
a. Enumerate the elements of Scene Survey
b. Appreciate the different ways in Activating Medical
Assistance
c. Analyze the components of Secondary Assessment
d. Value the importance of Referral of Victim for further
Evaluation and
Management
a. Perform the basic Initial Assessment of the Victim with
Sudden Cardiac
Arrest
At the end of the demonstration, participants should be able
to precisely:
Session 1 Principles of Emergency Care
Part 1

1. SURVEY THE SCENE
2. ACTIVATE MEDICAL ASSISTANCE (AMA)
3. INITIAL ASSESSMENT OF THE VICTIM
4. SECONDARY ASSESSMENT OF THE VICTIM
5. REFERRAL FOR FURTHER EVALUATION AND MANAGEME
Part 1

Elements of the Survey the Scene
• Scene safety.
• Mechanism of injury or nature of illness.
• Take standard precautions.
• Determine the number of patients
• Consider additional/specialized resources.
1. SURVEY THE SCENE
Once you recognized that an emergency has occurred
and decide to act, you must make sure the scene of the
emergency is safe for you, the victim/s, and any
bystander/s.
Part 1

Call First and CPR First
Both trained and untrained
bystanders should be instructed
to Activate Medical Assistance as
soon as they have determined
that a victim requires emergency
care.
2. ACTIVATE MEDICAL ASSISTANCE
Part 1

CALL FIRST CPR FIRST
• Adults and Adolescents
• Witnessed collapse of children
and infants
• Adults and Adolescents with likely asphyxial
arrest (e.g. drowning)
• Unwitnessed collapse of children and infants
• If you are ALONE with no mobile
phone, leave the victim to activate
emergency response system and
get AED/emergency equipment
before beginning CPR
• Otherwise, send someone and
begin CPR immediately; use the
AED as soon as it is available
1) Give 2 minutes (5 cycles) of CPR
2) Leave the victim to activate emergency response
system and get the AED
3) Return to the child or infant and resume CPR; use
the AED as soon as it is available
Part 1

• Use of Social Media to Summon Rescuers
2. ACTIVATE MEDICAL ASSISTANCE OR TRANSFER FACILITY
Note: The video presentation is only for demonstration purposes and not for any advertisements.

• Use of Mobile Phone in Activation of Emergency Medical Service (EMS)
The Adult BLS
Algorithm has been
modified to reflect the fact
that rescuers can activate
an emergency response (ie,
through use of a mobile
telephone) without leaving
the victim’s side.
Part 1

Information to be remembered in Activating
Medical Assistance:
 WHAT happened?
 LOCATION?
 NUMBER of Persons Injured?
 EXTENT of Injury and First Aid given?
 The TELEPHONE no. from where you are
calling?
 PERSON who activated Medical Assistance
must identify him/herself and drop the phone
last….
Part 1

3. DO A PRIMARY ASSESSMENT OF THE VICTIM
In every emergency situation, you must first find out if there are conditions that are an
immediate threat to the victim’s life.
Check for Responsiveness
Open the Airway
Perform Rescue Breathing
Perform Compression
B
A
C
Part 1

4. DO A SECONDARY ASSESSMENT OF THE VICTIM
It is a systematic method of gathering additional
information about injuries or conditions that may
need care.
a. Interview the victim
S - signs and symptoms
A - allergies
M - medications
P - past medical history
L - last meal taken
E - events prior to injury or incident
b. Check vital signs- every 15 minutes if
stable condition, and every 5 minutes if unstable
Part 1

c. Head to toe
examination
Rescuers should look
for other signs of
injuries in a quick
manner from the head
to toe and apply
necessary first aid
measures to the injury
seen.
Part 1

5. REFERRAL OF THE VICTIM FOR FURTHER
EVALUATION AND MANAGEMENT
It refers to the transfer of a victim to hospital or advanced
health care facility for a definitive treatment.
Part 1

SL.ppt/TR/FC 20 17
BLS for HCP
correctly:
• Describe the Five Emergency Action Principles with
emphasis on the following:
a. Enumerate the elements of Scene Survey
b. Appreciate the different ways in Activating Medical
Assistance
c. Analyze the components of Secondary Assessment
d. Value the importance of Referral of Victim for further
Evaluation and
Management
a. Perform the basic Initial Assessment of the Victim with
Sudden Cardiac
Arrest
to precisely:
Part 1
DID WE MEET OUR OBJECTIVES?

SL.ppt/TR/FC 20 19
BLS for HCP
Introduction to Basic Life Support
SESSION 1---Part 2

SL.ppt/TR/FC 20 20
BLS for HCP
Session 1 Introduction to Basic Life Support
Part 2
At the end of the discussion, participants should be able to
accurately:
1. Differentiate the three kinds of Life Support .
2. Identify the Chain of Survival for Adult and Pediatric
Patients.
3. Explain the importance of the Respiratory, Circulatory, and
Nervous Systems in relation to Basic Life Support.

1. BASIC LIFE SUPPORT (BLS)
A set of emergency procedures that consist of
recognizing respiratory or cardiac arrest and the proper
application of Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)
with or w/o Automated External Defibrillation (AED) or
Foreign Body Airway Obstruction Management
(FBAOM) and Rescue Breathing (RB) or to maintain life
until a victim recovers or advanced life support is
available.
THREE KINDS OF LIFE SUPPORT
Part 2

2. ADVANCED CARDIAC LIFE SUPPORT (ACLS)
3. PROLONGED LIFE SUPPORT (PLS)
A set of clinical interventions for the urgent treatment of
cardiac arrest and other life threatening emergencies, as
well as the knowledge and skills to deploy those
interventions.
For post resuscitative and long term resuscitation with
the use of adjunctive equipment such as ventilator,
cardiac monitor, pulse oximeter etc.
THREE KINDS OF LIFE SUPPORT
Part 2

Part 2

In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (IHCA)
Chain of Survival
Part 2

Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OHCA)
Chain of Survival
Part 2

Pediatric Chain of Survival
Prevention Early Rapid access Rapid PALS
Integrated
of Arrest CPR to EMS Support
Post-cardiac
Arrest Care
Part 2

• Consists of the heart,
blood vessels, and
blood
• Delivers oxygen and
nutrients to the body’s
tissues and removes
waste products Right ventricle
Right atrium
Right pulmonary
artery (blood to
right lung)
Superior vena cava
(oxygen-poor blood
from head and upper
body
Inferior vena cava
(oxygen-poor blood
from lower body
Left pulmonary
vein
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Part 2

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Delivers oxygen to the
body
• Removes carbon
dioxide from the body
Part 2

Ventilati
on
Inspirati
on
Expiratio
n
Respirati
- Passage of air into and out of the lungs
- Inhalation or breathing
in
- Exhalation or breathing
out
- Actual exchange of oxygen and carbon
dioxide in the
alveoli as well as the tissues of the body
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Part 2

• Air that enters the
lungs contains:
– 21% Oxygen
(O2)
– trace of Carbon
dioxide (CO2)
• Air exhaled from the lungs
contains:
– 16% O2
– 4% CO2
Part 2

Respiratory System

• Composed of the brain, spinal
cord and nerves
• Two major functions –
communication and control
• Lets a person be aware of and
react to the environment
• Coordinates the body’s
responses to stimuli and keeps
body systems working together
NERVOUS SYSTEM
Part 2

Clinical death
0 - 1 min. - cardiac irritability
1 - 4 min. - brain damaged not likely
4 - 6 min. - brain damage possible
Biological death
6 - 10 min. - brain damaged very
likely
over 10 min. - irreversible brain
damaged
Part 2

SL.ppt/TR/FC 20 35
BLS for HCP
Part 2
accurately:
1. Differentiate the three kinds of Life Support .
2. Identify the Chain of Survival for Adult and Pediatric
Patients.
3. Explain the importance of the Respiratory, Circulatory, and
Nervous Systems in relation to Basic Life Support.
DID WE MEET OUR OBJECTIVES?

SL.ppt/TR/FC 20 37
BLS for HCP
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)
&
Automated External Defibrillator (AED
SESSION 2

SL.ppt/TR/FC 20 38
BLS for HCP
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)
SESSION 2- Part 1

correctly:
1. Explain what CPR is;
2. Recognize the criteria for when to start, not to start, and
when to stop CPR;
3. Discuss the CPR sequence;
4. Enumerate the components of High Quality CPR; and
5. Identify the BLS Cardiac Arrest Algorithm.
1. Perform correct CPR techniques to an Adult,
Child/Infant who are in
cardiac arrest
to precisely:
Session 2 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Part 1

CARDIOPULMONARY
RESUSCITATION (CPR)
is a series of assessments and interventions
using techniques and maneuvers made to bring
victims of cardiac and respiratory arrest back to
life.
Part 1

CPR Video

WHEN TO START CPR
If you see a victim who is:
1. Unconscious/Unresponsive
2. Not breathing or has no normal breathing (only gasping)
3. No definite pulse
Part 1

RIGOR MORTIS
LIVOR MORTIS
WHEN NOT TO START CPR
All victims of cardiac arrest should receive CPR unless:
1. Patient has a valid DNAR (Do Not Attempt
Resuscitation) order.
2. Patient has signs of irreversible death (Rigor
Mortis, Decapitation, Dependent Lividity).
3. No physiological benefit can be expected
because the vital functions have deteriorated as
in septic or cardiogenic shock.
DECAPITATION
Part 1

WHEN NOT TO START CPR
All victims of cardiac arrest should receive CPR unless:
4. Confirmed gestation of < 23 weeks or birth weight <
400 grams, anencephaly.
5. Attempts to perform CPR would place the rescuer
at risk of physical injury.
Part 1

WHEN TO STOP CPR?
SPONTANEOUS signs of circulation are restored
TURNED over to medical services or properly trained and
authorized personnel
OPERATOR is already exhausted and cannot continue CPR
PHYSICIAN assumes responsibility (declares death, takes
over, etc.)
SCENE becomes unsafe (such as traffic, impending or
ongoing violence—gun fires, etc)
SIGNED waiver to stop CPR
S
O
T
S
P
S
Part 1

CAB Animation

CPR Sequence
• Core concept: Oxygen to the Brain!
• In order: Compression-Airway-Breathing
• Compressions create blood flow by increasing
intra-thoracic pressure and directly compress
the heart; generate blood flow and oxygen
delivery to the myocardium and brain.
The C-A-B
Part 1

CAB: COMPRESSION
• CIRCULATION represents a heart that is actively
pumping blood, most often recognized by the
presence of a pulse in the neck (or other
peripheral pulses)
• Assume there is NO CIRCULATION if the following
exist: Unresponsive, Not breathing, Not moving
and Poor skin color (cyanotic)
• ROSC - sign of life
Part 1

CAB: COMPRESSION
ADULTS &
ADOLESCENTS
CHILDREN (age 1 year
to puberty)
INFANTS (age less
than 1 year, excluding
newborns)
COMPRESSION RATE
COMPRESSION DEPTH
At least 1/3 Antero-Posterior (AP) diameter of
the chest
Part 1
100-120 per minute
At least 2
inches (5cm)
but should not
exceed 2.4
inches (6cm)
About 2 inches (5cm) About 1.5 inches (4cm)

Proper Position in Performing CPR
CAB: COMPRESSION
Part 1

• Place the heel of the second
hand on top of the first so that
the hands are overlapped and
parallel.
• Kneel facing the victim’s chest
• Place the heel of one hand on
the center of the chest
CAB: COMPRESSION
ADULT CPR
Part 1

CAB: COMPRESSION
CHILD CPR
• Lower half of the sternum,
between the nipples.
• One hand only/ two hands
• 30:2 for single rescuer, 15:2
for 2-man rescuer (optional
for HCP).
Part 1

CAB: COMPRESSION
INFANT CPR
• Just below the nipple line,
lower half of sternum
• Two fingers, flexing at the
wrist (lone rescuer)
• 2 thumb-encircling hands
technique (two rescuers)
Part 1

• This must be done to ensure
an open passage for
spontaneous breathing or
mouth to mouth during CPR
CAB: Open AIRWAY
Part 1

• Head-Tilt/Chin-Lift Maneuver
Tilt the head back with your one hand and
lift up the chin with your other hand
CAB: Open AIRWAY
Part 1

• Jaw-Thrust Maneuver
is strictly a HCP technique and not for LR (if suspected with
cervical trauma)
CAB: Open AIRWAY
Part 1

• Jaw-Thrust Maneuve
r
CAB: Open AIRWAY

• Maintain open airway
• Pinch nose shut (if mouth to mouth
RB is preferred)
• Open your mouth wide, take a
normal breath, and make a tight seal
around outside of victim’s mouth
• Give 2 full breaths (1 sec each
breath)
• Observe chest rise
• 30:2 (Compression to Ventilation
ratio)
• 5 cycles or 2 minutes
CAB: BREATHING
Part 1

HIGH-QUALITY CPR:
1. Adequate Compression Rate (100-120/minute)
2. Adequate Compression Depth (at least 2 inches
[5cm]
but should not exceed 2.4 inches [6cm]) (for adult
only)
3 . Allow Complete Chest Recoil after each
compression
4 . Minimize Interruptions in Compression
Part 1

Introduce yourself.
Check for Responsiveness:
· Unconscious/unresponsive
HIGH-QUALITY CPR:
2. Adequate Compression Depth (at least 2 inches [5cm]
but should not exceed 2.4 inches [6cm])
3 . Allow Complete Chest Recoil after each compression
5. Avoid Excessive Ventilation
Use AED if already available
Resume CPR after Shock delivery
If AED tells “No Shock Advised” for the
second time:
· Check for Pulse
Simultaneously Check for:
· Breathing
· Pulse (for not more than 10 seconds [for HCP only])
Activate Emergency Response System:
· Shout for nearby help
· Mobile phone or phone patch(if available)
· Get AED/emergency equipment (or send someone to do so)
· No breathing or only gasping
· No definite pulse
If AED initially tells “No Shock Advised”:
· Continue CPR
Universal Steps in AED Operation:
Power on
Attach pads
Analyze Heart Rhythm
Shock
START GIVING 5 CYCLES OF HIGH-QUALITY CPR:
· Give 30:2 (Compression to Ventilation Ratio)
· Compression: 30 compressions within 15-18 sec (100-120/min)
· Ventilation: 2 ventilations delivered 1 sec each breath
· 5 cycles equivalent to 2 minutes
BLS HEALTHCARE PROVIDER CARDIAC ARREST
ALGORITHM
BLS HEALTHCARE PROVIDER CARDIAC
ARREST ALGORITHM
Verify Scene Safety

Introduce yourself.
Check for Responsiveness and for No
breathing or
no normal breathing (only gasping)
for not more than 10 seconds
· Unconscious/unresponsive/not breathing
HIGH-QUALITY CPR:
2. Adequate Compression Depth (at least 2 inches [5cm]
but should not exceed 2.4 inches [6cm])
3 . Allow Complete Chest Recoil after each compression
5. Avoid Excessive Ventilation
second time:
· Check for Responsiveness
· Mobile phone or phone patch(if available)
· Continue CPR
Power on
Attach pads
Shock
· Give 30:2 (Compression to Ventilation Ratio)
· Compression: 30 compressions within 15-18 sec (100-120/min)
· Ventilation: 2 ventilations delivered 1 sec each breath
· 5 cycles equivalent to 2 minutes
BLS LAY RESCUER CARDIAC ARREST
ALGORITHM
BLS LAY RESCUER CARDIAC ARREST
ALGORITHM
Verify Scene Safety

Introduce yourself.
· No breathing or only gasping
· No definite pulse
Simultaneously Check for:
· Breathing
· Pulse (for not more than 10 seconds [for HCP only])
Check for Responsiveness:
· Unconscious/unresponsive
For lone rescuer (unwitnessed sudden collapse of a child/infant)
do 5 cycles of CPR before calling for help
Power on
Attach pads
Analyze Rhythm
Shock
· Continue CPR
second time:
· Check for Pulse
HIGH-QUALITY CPR:
· Adequate Compression Rate (100-120/minute)
· Adequate Compression Depth: CHILDREN: about 2 inches [5cm]
INFANTS: about 1.5 inches [4cm]
• Allow Complete Chest Recoil after each compression
· Minimize Interruptions in Compression
· Avoid Excessive Ventilation
1 Rescuer 2 Rescuers
30:2
(Compression to Ventilation Ratio)
15:2
(Compression to Ventilation Ratio)
30 compressions in 15 to18 sec
(100-120/min) 15 compressions in 7 to 9 sec (100-120/min)
Child: Heel of one hand with the other hand
on top or One hand technique
Infant: Two-finger technique
Child: Heel of one hand with the other hand on
top or One hand technique
Infant: Two-thumbs hand encircling technique
2 ventilations delivered 1 sec each breath
5 cycles equivalent to 2 minutes 10 cycles equivalent to 2 minutes
· Mobile phone or phone patch (if available)
BLS PEDIATRIC CARDIAC ARREST ALGORITHM
(HEALTHCARE PROVIDER)
Verify Scene Safety
BLS PEDIATRIC CARDIAC ARREST ALGORITHM
(HEALTHCARE PROVIDER)

CPR
 Continue CPR until
– AED arrives and starts to analyze
– EMS providers take over the care of the victim
 Reassess victim every after 2 minutes
 Rescuers may switch roles (for Two-Man Rescuers)
 If patient becomes conscious, place patient in RECOVERY
POSITION.
Part 1

CPR with Advanced Airway
(HCP ONLY)
• Cycles of 30 compressions:2 ventilations should be
continued until an advanced airway is placed
• If an advanced airway is already in place:
 Continuous chest compressions at a rate of 100-120
per minute, without pauses for ventilation.
 Ventilation rate of 1 breath every 6 sec. (10 breaths per
minute)
Part 1

120 COMPRESSIONS/MINUTE
Metronome

WERE WE ABLE TO MEET OUR LEARNING OBJECTIVES?
correctly:
1. Explain what CPR is;
2. Recognize the criteria for when to start, not to start, and
when to stop CPR;
3. Discuss the CPR sequence;
4. Enumerate the components of High Quality CPR; and
5. Identify the BLS Cardiac Arrest Algorithm.
1. Perform correct CPR techniques to an Adult,
Child/Infant who are in
cardiac arrest
to precisely:
Part 1

SL.ppt/TR/FC 20 70
BLS for HCP
Automated External Defibrillator (AED
SESSION 2---Part 2

At the end of the discussion, participants should be
able to correctly:
1. Define AED and identify its parts
2. Define Defibrillation
3. Explain the indications and importance of early
defibrillation
4. Identify causes of sudden Cardiac Arrest
5. Enumerate the 4 universal steps of an AED
operation
6. Explain the special conditions that affect the use of
an AED
1. Demonstrate how to properly use AED to an
adult, child & infant who are in cardiac arrest.
At the end of the demonstration, participants should
be able to precisely:
Session 2 Automated External Defibrillator
Part 2

AED
AED

AUTOMATED EXTERNAL DEFIBRILLATOR
(AED)
AEDs are sophisticated, computerized devices that can analyze a
heart rhythm and prompts the user to deliver a shock when
necessary. These devices only require the user to turn the
AED on and follow the audio instructions when prompted.
Part 2

– Controlled electrical shock
– May restore an organized rhythm
– Enables heart to contract & pump
blood
AUTOMATED EXTERNAL DEFIBRILLATOR
(AED)
Part 2

PARTS OF AN AED
Shock
button
Pads
Pads connector port
Power Button
Defibrillator
Part 2

Defibrillation is a process in which an electronic
device (such as AED), gives an electrical shock
to the heart. Defibrillation stops Ventricular
Fibrillation (VF) by using an electrical shock and
allows the return of a normal heart rhythm.
DEFIBRILLATION
Part 2

• Shock success
– Termination of VF for at least 5 seconds
following the shock
VF frequently recurs after successful shocks & these
recurrence should
not be equated to shock failure
DEFIBRILLATION
Part 2

0
20
40
60
80
100
Survival
Rate
(%)
Time to Defibrillation
(minutes)
5 10 15 20 25 30
For every minute
defibrillation is delayed the
victim’s survival rate
decreases by 10%
DEFIBRILLATION
Part 2

Indications and Importance
Defibrillation
Early defibrillation is critical for victims of
sudden cardiac arrest because:
• The most frequent rhythm in sudden
cardiac arrest is Ventricular Fibrillation
(VF)
• The most effective treatment for VF is
defibrillation
• Also indicated for Pulseless Ventricular
Tachycardia
• Defibrillation is most likely to be
successful if it occurs within minutes of
collapse (sudden cardiac arrest)
• Defibrillation may be ineffective if it is
delayed
Part 2

Shockable and Non-shockable
Rhythms
VF

Shockable Rhythms
• Ventricular Fibrillation (VF)
• Pulseless Ventricular Tachycardia
Non-Shockable Rhythms
• Asystole
• Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA)
Part 2

Ventricular Fibrillation (VF)
• Common and treatable initial rhythm in adults with
witnessed cardiac arrest
• Survival rates are highest when immediate bystander
CPR is provided and defibrillation occurs within 3 to 5
minutes of collapse
• Rapid defibrillation is the treatment of choice
• Rhythm causing ‘all’ sudden cardiac arrest
• Useless quivering of the heart  no blood flow
• Myocardium is depleted of oxygen & metabolic
substrates
Part 2

Pulseless Ventricular Tachycardia
• Rate - greater than 180 beats per minute
• Rhythm - very wide QRS complex in ECG
tracings and originates in the ventricles.
• The patient will be pulseless
Part 2

CAUSES OF SUDDEN CARDIAC ARREST
Hypoxia
– Near drowning
– Burst lung
– Decompression illness
– Rebreather malfunction
– Choking
– Carbon monoxide poisoning
Bleeding
Heart attack
Drug overdose
Part 2

Several factors that can affect AED analysis:
• Patient movement (eg. agonal gasp)
• Repositioning the patient
Use AED only when victims have the following 3
clinical findings:
• No response
• No breathing
• No Pulse
Part 2

Special Conditions that Affect
the Use of AED
• The victim is 1 month old or less.
• The victim has a hairy chest.
• The victim is lying in water, immersed in water,
or water is covering the victim’s chest.
• The victim has implanted defibrillator, or
pacemaker.
• The victim has a transdermal medication patch
or other object on the surface of the skin where
the AED electrode pads are placed.
Part 2

P A A S
P
A
A
S
Part 2

AED PROCEDURES
Continue CPR until an AED is
available
Part 2

Power on the AED
Press the power button
Follow voice prompts
Part 2

Attach Pads
• Expose the chest
• Dry skin/shave if
necessary
Part 2

Adult pads vs Child pads
Attach Pads
Part 2

Attach pads on patient’s bare
chest
Keep following voice prompts
Attach Pads
Part 2

Once the voice prompt tells “Analyzing heart rhythm, do not
touch the patient”, make sure:
• No one touches the victim!
• Remind co-rescuers/bystanders to avoid touching the
victim
*For Semi-automated AED: Clear the victim
and manually
press analyze button
Part 2

If the AED prompt tells “SHOCK ADVISED” make sure:
• No one touches the victim!
• Verbal warning to co-rescuers/
bystanders:
– “CLEAR THE VICTIM”
– Physical and hand gestures
– Press the Shock button and
immediately resume CPR
Deliver a Shock (if indicated)
Part 2

If the AED prompt INITIALLY tells “NO SHOCK ADVISED”:
• Continue CPR for 2 minutes
• Follow voice prompt
Deliver a Shock (if indicated)
If the AED prompt tells “NO SHOCK ADVISED” for the SECOND
TIME:
• Check for pulse
Part 2

Part 2

Shock First vs CPR First
• For witnessed adult cardiac arrest when an AED is
immediately available, it is reasonable that the defibrillator
be used as soon as possible.
• For adults with unmonitored cardiac arrest or for whom an
AED is not immediately available, it is reasonable that CPR be
initiated while the defibrillator equipment is being retrieved
and applied and that defibrillation, if indicated, be attempted
as soon as the device is ready for use
Part 2

At the end of the discussion, participants should be
able to correctly:
1. Define AED and identify its parts
2. Define Defibrillation
3. Explain the indications and importance of early
defibrillation
4. Identify causes of sudden Cardiac Arrest
5. Enumerate the 4 universal steps of an AED
operation
6. Explain the special conditions that affect the use of
an AED
1. Demonstrate how to properly use AED to an
adult, child & infant who are in cardiac arrest.
At the end of the demonstration, participants should
be able to precisely:
Part 2
WERE WE ABLE TO MEET OUR OBJECTIVES?

SL.ppt/TR/FC 20 100
BLS for HCP
Foreign Body Airway Obstruction (FBAO)
Management
&
Rescue Breathing due to Respiratory Arrest
SESSION 3

SL.ppt/TR/FC 20 101
BLS for HCP
SESSION 3---Part 1

correctly:
1. Describe what Respiratory Arrest is and its causes
2. Discuss the significance of Rescue Breathing in respiratory
arrest
3. Enumerate the different ways in Rescue Breathing
4. Compare the Rescue Breathing techniques for infant, child,
&
adult
1. Demonstrate correct Rescue Breathing techniques for
infant, child, &
adult
to precisely:
Session 3 Respiratory Arrest and Rescue
Breathing Part 2

Is the condition in which breathing stops or is inadequate.
1. Obstruction
1.1 Anatomical
1.2 Mechanical
2. Diseases
2.1 Bronchitis
2.2 Pneumonia
2.3 COPD
2.4 Diphtheria
3. Other causes
3.1 Electrocution
3.2 Circulatory Collapse
3.3 Strangulation
3.4 Chest Compression by other
physical force
3.5 Drowning
3.6 Poisoning
3.7 Suffocation
Breathing Part 2

● Is a technique of delivering air into
a person’s
lungs to supply him/her with the
oxygen
needed to survive.
● Given to victims who are not
breathing or
inadequate but still have pulse.
● Crucial tool to revive the individual
or keep
him or her until the help comes.
Breathing Part 2

1. Mouth-to-Mouth
Breathing Part 2

2. Mouth-to-Nose
Breathing Part 2

3. Mouth-to-Mouth and Nose
Breathing Part 2

4. Mouth-to-Stoma
Breathing Part 2

5. Mouth-to-Face Shield
Breathing Part 2

6. Mouth-to-Mask
Breathing Part 2

7. Bag Valve Mask Device
Breathing Part 2

SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS:
● Avoid pressing soft tissue under the chin
● Don’t use the thumb to lift the chin
● Don’t close the victim’s mouth (unless mouth to nose is
the
technique)
● Each rescue breath should give enough air to make the
chest rise and be
given at 1 second;
● Avoid delivering more breaths (more than the number
recommended) or
breaths that are too large or too forceful.
● Rescuers should take a normal breath (not a deep breath)
mouth to mouth
or mouth-to-barrier device rescue breaths.
Breathing Part 2

Table of Comparison on Rescue Breathing
ADULT CHILD INFANT
Opening of airway Head Tilt-Chin Lift
(HCP: for suspected spine injury, perform Jaw thrust maneuver)
Method Mouth-to-mouth or mouth-to-nose Mouth-to-mouth and
nose
Amount of Breath Normal breath enough to make the chest rise
Rate
1 breath every 5 – 6
seconds (24 breaths for 2
min)
then reassess every 2
minutes
1 breath every 3 - 5 seconds (40 breaths for
2 min)
then reassess every 2 minutes
Counting for
Teaching Purposes
Breathe 1002,1003,1004,
1001, breathe,
1002,1003,1004, 1002,
Breathe,…
up to 1024 and breathe
Breathe, 1002, 1001,
Breathe, 1002, 1002,
Breathe, 1002, 1003,
Breathe,… up to 1040 and breathe
Breathing Part 2

WERE WE ABLE TO MEET OUR LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
correctly:
1. Describe what Respiratory Arrest is and its causes
2. Discuss the significance of Rescue Breathing in respiratory
arrest
3. Enumerate the different ways in Rescue Breathing
4. Compare the Rescue Breathing techniques for infant, child,
&
adult
1. Demonstrate correct Rescue Breathing techniques for
infant, child, &
adult
to precisely:
Breathing Part 2

SL.ppt/TR/FC 20 116
BLS for HCP
Management
&
SESSION 3

SL.ppt/TR/FC 20 117
BLS for HCP
Management
SESSION 3---Part 2

correctly:
1. Define FBAO
2. Discuss the causes, types and classification of airway
obstruction
3. Differentiate the following FBAO Management:
Abdominal Thrust, Chest Thrust, Back Slaps and Chest
Thrust
4. Explain the theory behind Abdominal Thrust and its
possible complications
1. Perform proper application of abdominal thrust to a
conscious child and adult.
2. Perform back slap and chest thrust to a conscious infant.
3. Perform chest thrust to an unconscious infant, child, and
adult.
4. Perform proper techniques of relieving FBAO under special
circumstances
such as in pregnant women, very obese victim, and self-
to precisely:
Session 3 FBAO Management
Part 1

FBAO

- is a condition when solid material like chunked foods,
coins, vomitus, small toys etc. are blocking the airway.
Part 1

1. IMPROPER CHEWING OF LARGE PIECES OF FOOD
2. EXCESSIVE ALCOHOL INTAKE –
a. relaxation of tongue back into the throat
b. Aspirated vomitus (stomach content)
3. PRESENCE OF LOOSE UPPER AND LOWER DENTURES
4. FOR CHILDREN WHO ARE RUNNING WHILE EATING
5. FOR SMALLER CHILDREN OF HAND-TO-MOUTH STAGE LEFT UNATTENDED.
Part 1

1. ANATOMICAL OBSTRUCTION
2. MECHANICAL
OBSTRUCTION
Part 1

2. SEVERE OBSTRUCTION
1. MILD OBSTRUCTION
Part 1

1. MILD OBSTRUCTION
• Good air exchange
• Responsive and can cough forcefully
• May wheeze between coughs.
Part 1

2. SEVERE OBSTRUCTION
• Poor or no air exchange
• Weak or ineffective cough or no cough at all
• High-pitched noise while inhaling or no noise at all
• Increased respiratory difficulty
• Cyanotic (turning blue)
• Unable to speak
• Clutching the neck with the thumb and fingers
making the universal sign of choking
• Movement of air is absent.
Part 1

A sign wherein the
victim is clutching
his/her neck with one
or both hands and
gasping for breath.
Part 1

• An emergency procedure for
removing a foreign object
lodged in the airway that is
preventing a person from
breathing.
• Commonly used for conscious
ADULT and CHILD victim.
REMEMBER :
Abdominal thrust should not be used in
infants under 1 year of age due to risk
of causing injury.
F B A O M A N A G E M E N T :
ABDOMINAL THRUST

1. Incorrect application may damage the chest, ribs and internal
organs.
2. May also vomit after being treated with the Abdominal
thrust.
Note: The victim should be examined by a Physician to rule out any life-
threatening
complications.
Part 1

F B A O M A N A G E M E N T :
5 BACK SLAPS AND 5 CHEST THRUST
• For conscious INFANT with
foreign body airway obstruction.
Part 1

CHEST THRUST
 To be used for:
Obviously pregnant and
Very obese patient.
 Instead of using abdominal thrusts, Chest
thrusts are used for this group of people.
 The fists are placed against the middle of
the breastbone and pressing the patient’s
chest with backward thrust.
 If the victim is unconscious (adult, child or
infant) the chest thrusts are similar to
those used in CPR.
Part 1

Increase
Intrathorac
ic
Pressure
Site (Compression)
Foreign
Body

FBAO Management Algorithm
Adult / Child / Infant
1. Determine scene safety.
2. Introduce yourself to the victim, guardian and/or bystander.
3. Determine level of breathing difficulty by checking:
A. Infant-
A1. Ask the parent/guardian what happened.
A2. Look for signs and symptoms of airway obstruction:
ineffective coughs, weak or absence of cry.
B. Child/Adult-
A1. Ask the victim if he/she is choking.
If the victim is able to respond with good air exchange:
A1.1 Stay beside the victim and encourage him/her to cough
Part 1

4. Properly position the patient.
a. Infant- support the infant on rescuer’s knee or lap
b. Child/Adult - Assume straddle position behind the
victim.
Part 1

5. Locate proper site:
a. Infant- give 5 back slaps (between the shoulder blades) and 5 chest
thrust
using 2 fingers technique.
b. Child/Adult- for abdominal thrust, properly position your balled fist
against the patient’s abdomen at the midpoint between the xiphoid
process and navel. Perform abdominal thrust with a quick inward and
upward motion.
Part 1

6. If patient becomes unconscious, carefully lay him/her down.
Part 1

7. Activate Emergency Medical Service (EMS) and perform 30
Chest Compression.
8. Check oral cavity for presence of obstruction. If foreign object
is visible, perform finger sweep; if not visible, properly
administer FIRST Rescue Breath.
9. If air bounces back, re-position patient’s head and properly
administer SECOND Rescue Breath.
10. If air goes in, assess for pulse and consciousness.
11. If patient becomes conscious, properly place patient in
recovery position.
Part 1

WERE WE ABLE TO MEET THE LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
correctly:
1. Define FBAO
2. Discuss the causes, types and classification of airway
obstruction
3. Differentiate the following FBAO Management:
Abdominal Thrust, Chest Thrust, Back Slaps and Chest
Thrust
4. Explain the theory behind Abdominal Thrust and its
possible complications
1. Perform proper application of abdominal thrust to a
conscious child and adult.
2. Perform back slap and chest thrust to a conscious infant.
3. Perform chest thrust to an unconscious infant, child, and
adult.
4. Perform proper techniques of relieving FBAO under special
circumstances
such as in pregnant women, very obese victim, and self-
to precisely:
Part 1

Basic-Life-Support-Training special.pptx

More Related Content

What's hot

Similar to Basic-Life-Support-Training special.pptx

Recently uploaded

Basic-Life-Support-Training special.pptx

Editor's Notes