This document provides information on creating HTML documents and managing web sites. It discusses using text editors like BBEditLite to write HTML code and learn basics before using WYSIWYG editors. HTML files contain tags that control formatting and are the source code for web browsers. Files can be stored and served on a school UNIX server by placing them in project html or public html directories and publishing them. The document then discusses HTML tags, page structure, headings, paragraphs, links, lists, and embedding images, audio and video to create web pages.
This document provides an introduction to HTML and covers several basic elements for formatting text in HTML documents, including:
1. Headings (<H1>-<H6>) are used to divide up sections of text and are displayed in decreasing font sizes. Paragraphs (<P>) allow text to automatically wrap to the width of the browser.
2. Breaks (<BR>) insert line breaks, while horizontal rules (<HR>) add horizontal lines across the page.
3. Character formatting elements like <B> for bold, <I> for italics, and <FONT> for changing text size allow styling of individual characters.
This document provides an introduction to HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) and basic HTML tags. It defines common terms like WWW, HTML, URL, and browser. It explains that HTML uses tags to format text and pages usually end with .htm or .html extensions. Common tags are described like <TITLE> for the page title and <HEAD> and <BODY> to define sections. It also covers choosing text editors, creating a basic HTML page structure, and setting document properties like colors.
This document provides an introduction to HTML basics, including:
- HTML is used to author web pages and is made up of tags enclosed in angle brackets.
- The objectives are to use a text editor to author HTML, add basic tags, hyperlinks, images and tables.
- Notepad is recommended for Windows and TextEdit for Mac to author HTML files.
The document defines various HTML tags and their purposes. It lists over 30 common tags such as <div>, <p>, <img>, <form>, <a>, <header>, <footer>, <strong>, <em>, <ul>, <ol>, <li>, <table>, <tr>, <td>, and <button>. It explains that each tag has a start and end tag used to define content, such as <p>This is a paragraph</p>. The document is intended to help someone learn the basic HTML tags used for website design.
This document provides examples and explanations of basic HTML elements and tags. It covers common tags for text formatting, lists, links, images, tables and more. Each example is presented as a short code snippet with descriptive comments to explain what the code is demonstrating. The document serves as a tutorial for someone learning the basics of HTML markup.
This slide is about the HTML basic tags but the important point is that every tag is used and the result of tags are saved with screen shots so it help to understand the tags more easily
The document provides information on various HTML tags used for formatting text and content in a web page. It describes tags for headings, paragraphs, lists, physical styles, phrase formatting, block-level formatting, and text-level formatting. Examples are given showing how to use tags like <h1>, <p>, <ul>, <b>, <pre>, and <font> within HTML code.
This document provides an introduction to HTML and covers several basic elements for formatting text in HTML documents, including:
1. Headings (<H1>-<H6>) are used to divide up sections of text and are displayed in decreasing font sizes. Paragraphs (<P>) allow text to automatically wrap to the width of the browser.
2. Breaks (<BR>) insert line breaks, while horizontal rules (<HR>) add horizontal lines across the page.
3. Character formatting elements like <B> for bold, <I> for italics, and <FONT> for changing text size allow styling of individual characters.
This document provides an introduction to HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) and basic HTML tags. It defines common terms like WWW, HTML, URL, and browser. It explains that HTML uses tags to format text and pages usually end with .htm or .html extensions. Common tags are described like <TITLE> for the page title and <HEAD> and <BODY> to define sections. It also covers choosing text editors, creating a basic HTML page structure, and setting document properties like colors.
This document provides an introduction to HTML basics, including:
- HTML is used to author web pages and is made up of tags enclosed in angle brackets.
- The objectives are to use a text editor to author HTML, add basic tags, hyperlinks, images and tables.
- Notepad is recommended for Windows and TextEdit for Mac to author HTML files.
The document defines various HTML tags and their purposes. It lists over 30 common tags such as <div>, <p>, <img>, <form>, <a>, <header>, <footer>, <strong>, <em>, <ul>, <ol>, <li>, <table>, <tr>, <td>, and <button>. It explains that each tag has a start and end tag used to define content, such as <p>This is a paragraph</p>. The document is intended to help someone learn the basic HTML tags used for website design.
This document provides examples and explanations of basic HTML elements and tags. It covers common tags for text formatting, lists, links, images, tables and more. Each example is presented as a short code snippet with descriptive comments to explain what the code is demonstrating. The document serves as a tutorial for someone learning the basics of HTML markup.
This slide is about the HTML basic tags but the important point is that every tag is used and the result of tags are saved with screen shots so it help to understand the tags more easily
The document provides information on various HTML tags used for formatting text and content in a web page. It describes tags for headings, paragraphs, lists, physical styles, phrase formatting, block-level formatting, and text-level formatting. Examples are given showing how to use tags like <h1>, <p>, <ul>, <b>, <pre>, and <font> within HTML code.
The document discusses HTML tags and their usage in formatting web pages. It describes common tags like <b>, <i>, <u>, <br>, <p>, and <img> and explains what they are used for and how they can include attributes to change things like text color, alignment, and image source. It also provides examples of using tags like <body>, <h1-6>, and <img> in simple HTML code.
HTML Basics document provides an overview of HTML elements and tags used to format text and structure web pages. It discusses the basic structure of an HTML document including the <head>, <title>, and <body> sections. Common text formatting tags like <p>, <h1>-<h6>, <strong>, <em>, and <br> are demonstrated. Other elements covered include images, lists, links, and basic styling with inline CSS. The document serves as an introduction to basic HTML syntax and structure.
The document provides an introduction to HTML basics, including:
- The structure of an HTML document with <head> and <body> sections
- Common tags for headings, paragraphs, links, and text formatting
- How to add images, hyperlinks, and sections to an HTML page
- Examples of creating a basic HTML page and using various tags
The document provides information on various HTML body tag elements and their attributes that control formatting of web pages, including:
- The <body> tag contains attributes that set the background color, image, and text/link colors. Attributes like BGCOLOR set the background color.
- Other tags control text formatting and placement, like <h1>-<h6> for headings, <p> for paragraphs, <br> for line breaks, and <font> for text styling.
- Lists are created using <ul>, <ol>, <li> tags and their type/start attributes. Other tags like <img> insert images, <a> creates links, and <table> structures data
HTML FILE,Extension,HTML Tags,Logical and Physical Tags,Nested Tags,Tag Attributes,Headings,Paragraphs,HTML Colors,Color Values,Color Names,HTML Lists,HTML Links,Images and Tables.
This document provides an introduction and overview of HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) for a 1999 Asian Women's Network training workshop. It covers basic HTML tags and document structure, how to create and view HTML files, adding text formatting, lists, images, links, and color customization. The document includes examples of HTML tags and attributes for headings, paragraphs, line breaks, emphasis, lists, images, links, setting colors, and specifying relative file paths for images and links.
This document provides an introduction to HTML and covers many basic HTML topics including: the anatomy of HTML documents with tags; adding headings, fonts, links, images and tables; naming and saving HTML files; and learning HTML by examining other web pages' source code. It offers quick points on various HTML tags and attributes for text formatting, alignment, links, and images.
HTML was developed by Tim Berners-Lee in 1980 with the main purpose of sharing information over networks. It uses tags to define and structure web pages, with common tags including headings, paragraphs, links, images, lists and tables. Styles can be applied to HTML elements using internal or external CSS. Forms are used to collect input from users and submit it to a script or URL using submit buttons.
Here's my FIT Board Practical File. I hope you find it as useful as it was to me. I constantly got complimented for my file from internal as well as external teachers so I thought of sharing my work with all of you.
This document introduces HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) and describes some of its basic tags and features. It explains that HTML is a markup language used to structure and format web pages using tags. It then lists some common HTML tags like <html>, <head>, <title>, <body>, <h1>-<h6> for headings, <b> for bold, <i> for italics, and <a> for links. The document provides examples of simple HTML pages using these tags to demonstrate headings, paragraphs, lists, tables, forms, and more.
The document describes basic HTML tags used to structure and format web pages. It outlines structural tags like <html> and <body> that define the overall page. Header tags <h1> to <h6> are used to label sections. Other tags format text, insert links and graphics, and create unordered, ordered and definition lists. The tags <p> and <br> are used to create paragraph breaks within the visible page content.
The workshop facilitator will introduce participants to the basic building blocks of HTML. Elements such as page framework and individual items will be introduced. The goal is to have participants identify the parts of an HTML document. Understanding basic HTML elements will allow instructors troubleshooting ability with their Desire2Learn. pages. This is the PowerPoint for this workshop.
Tim Berners-Lee, a physicist working at CERN, invented HTML in the late 1980s as a way for researchers to share and collaborate on information. The earliest versions of HTML included basic markup tags but lacked features like tables. Subsequent versions in the 1990s, such as HTML 3.2, HTML 4, and HTML 4.01, added support for additional elements, tags, and features to enhance the functionality and capabilities of HTML. HTML is not a programming language but a markup language that uses tags to define the structure and layout of web pages.
Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) is the standard markup language that is used for developing some web pages as well as various web applications. With the help of Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) as well as Java Script, it frames a triad foundation advancements for the World Wide Web. Copy the link given below and paste it in new browser window to get more information on HTML:- www.transtutors.com/homework-help/computer-science/html.aspx
To publish information for global distribution, one needs a universally understood language, a kind of publishing mother tongue that all computers may potentially understand. The publishing language used by the World Wide Web is HTML (from HyperText Markup Language).
HTML describes the structure and content of web pages using tags. It uses tags like <p> for paragraphs and <img> to embed images. Common tags also include <head> for metadata, <body> for visible content, and <html> to enclose the entire page. HTML forms allow creating interactive elements like text fields, checkboxes, and buttons to collect user input. HTML5 is the latest version and introduces new semantic elements, multimedia capabilities, and APIs for building web applications.
The document provides instructions for creating basic HTML links. It explains that the <a> tag is used to define a hyperlink, with the href attribute specifying the link destination. Examples are given of creating links to other websites and bookmarks within the same page. Targets for opening links in new windows are also demonstrated.
The document discusses various HTML tags for formatting text, including <B> for bold, <EM> for emphasis, and <BIG> for large text. It explains the structure of an HTML document with <HTML>, <HEAD>, and <BODY> tags, and how the <BODY> tag can control page colors and backgrounds. The document provides examples of using tags like <H1>-<H6> for headings, <CENTER> for centering content, and <FONT> for changing text colors and sizes. It also covers <A> tags for hyperlinks, <IMG> tags for images, and attributes like SRC and ALIGN.
HTML4 is the latest standard released by the World Wide Web consortium (www.w3.org) for web pages.
Making sure that your pages comply with standards like HTML4 will allow your site to be viewed by the maximum number of visitors.
Since HTML4 was published, browsers have moved on and support for HTML4 is becoming much more consistent between updated browsers.
Este documento proporciona instrucciones para configurar la configuración básica de un router Cisco, incluyendo cómo configurar el nombre del router, mensajes de bienvenida, contraseñas de acceso, interfaces de red y de serie, y cómo guardar y verificar la configuración. Explica cómo configurar propiedades como velocidad, modo y dirección IP de las interfaces, y cómo activar o desactivar interfaces.
Este documento presenta un plan de trabajo para un curso básico de construcción de páginas web usando HTML. El curso se centrará en crear una página personal para cada participante usando un esqueleto básico de HTML. El plan incluye sesiones para definir conceptos básicos, introducir elementos HTML y CSS, agregar contenido, imágenes y enlaces a cada página, y una sesión final para probar y perfeccionar las páginas creadas.
The document discusses HTML tags and their usage in formatting web pages. It describes common tags like <b>, <i>, <u>, <br>, <p>, and <img> and explains what they are used for and how they can include attributes to change things like text color, alignment, and image source. It also provides examples of using tags like <body>, <h1-6>, and <img> in simple HTML code.
HTML Basics document provides an overview of HTML elements and tags used to format text and structure web pages. It discusses the basic structure of an HTML document including the <head>, <title>, and <body> sections. Common text formatting tags like <p>, <h1>-<h6>, <strong>, <em>, and <br> are demonstrated. Other elements covered include images, lists, links, and basic styling with inline CSS. The document serves as an introduction to basic HTML syntax and structure.
The document provides an introduction to HTML basics, including:
- The structure of an HTML document with <head> and <body> sections
- Common tags for headings, paragraphs, links, and text formatting
- How to add images, hyperlinks, and sections to an HTML page
- Examples of creating a basic HTML page and using various tags
The document provides information on various HTML body tag elements and their attributes that control formatting of web pages, including:
- The <body> tag contains attributes that set the background color, image, and text/link colors. Attributes like BGCOLOR set the background color.
- Other tags control text formatting and placement, like <h1>-<h6> for headings, <p> for paragraphs, <br> for line breaks, and <font> for text styling.
- Lists are created using <ul>, <ol>, <li> tags and their type/start attributes. Other tags like <img> insert images, <a> creates links, and <table> structures data
HTML FILE,Extension,HTML Tags,Logical and Physical Tags,Nested Tags,Tag Attributes,Headings,Paragraphs,HTML Colors,Color Values,Color Names,HTML Lists,HTML Links,Images and Tables.
This document provides an introduction and overview of HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) for a 1999 Asian Women's Network training workshop. It covers basic HTML tags and document structure, how to create and view HTML files, adding text formatting, lists, images, links, and color customization. The document includes examples of HTML tags and attributes for headings, paragraphs, line breaks, emphasis, lists, images, links, setting colors, and specifying relative file paths for images and links.
This document provides an introduction to HTML and covers many basic HTML topics including: the anatomy of HTML documents with tags; adding headings, fonts, links, images and tables; naming and saving HTML files; and learning HTML by examining other web pages' source code. It offers quick points on various HTML tags and attributes for text formatting, alignment, links, and images.
HTML was developed by Tim Berners-Lee in 1980 with the main purpose of sharing information over networks. It uses tags to define and structure web pages, with common tags including headings, paragraphs, links, images, lists and tables. Styles can be applied to HTML elements using internal or external CSS. Forms are used to collect input from users and submit it to a script or URL using submit buttons.
Here's my FIT Board Practical File. I hope you find it as useful as it was to me. I constantly got complimented for my file from internal as well as external teachers so I thought of sharing my work with all of you.
This document introduces HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) and describes some of its basic tags and features. It explains that HTML is a markup language used to structure and format web pages using tags. It then lists some common HTML tags like <html>, <head>, <title>, <body>, <h1>-<h6> for headings, <b> for bold, <i> for italics, and <a> for links. The document provides examples of simple HTML pages using these tags to demonstrate headings, paragraphs, lists, tables, forms, and more.
The document describes basic HTML tags used to structure and format web pages. It outlines structural tags like <html> and <body> that define the overall page. Header tags <h1> to <h6> are used to label sections. Other tags format text, insert links and graphics, and create unordered, ordered and definition lists. The tags <p> and <br> are used to create paragraph breaks within the visible page content.
The workshop facilitator will introduce participants to the basic building blocks of HTML. Elements such as page framework and individual items will be introduced. The goal is to have participants identify the parts of an HTML document. Understanding basic HTML elements will allow instructors troubleshooting ability with their Desire2Learn. pages. This is the PowerPoint for this workshop.
Tim Berners-Lee, a physicist working at CERN, invented HTML in the late 1980s as a way for researchers to share and collaborate on information. The earliest versions of HTML included basic markup tags but lacked features like tables. Subsequent versions in the 1990s, such as HTML 3.2, HTML 4, and HTML 4.01, added support for additional elements, tags, and features to enhance the functionality and capabilities of HTML. HTML is not a programming language but a markup language that uses tags to define the structure and layout of web pages.
Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) is the standard markup language that is used for developing some web pages as well as various web applications. With the help of Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) as well as Java Script, it frames a triad foundation advancements for the World Wide Web. Copy the link given below and paste it in new browser window to get more information on HTML:- www.transtutors.com/homework-help/computer-science/html.aspx
To publish information for global distribution, one needs a universally understood language, a kind of publishing mother tongue that all computers may potentially understand. The publishing language used by the World Wide Web is HTML (from HyperText Markup Language).
HTML describes the structure and content of web pages using tags. It uses tags like <p> for paragraphs and <img> to embed images. Common tags also include <head> for metadata, <body> for visible content, and <html> to enclose the entire page. HTML forms allow creating interactive elements like text fields, checkboxes, and buttons to collect user input. HTML5 is the latest version and introduces new semantic elements, multimedia capabilities, and APIs for building web applications.
The document provides instructions for creating basic HTML links. It explains that the <a> tag is used to define a hyperlink, with the href attribute specifying the link destination. Examples are given of creating links to other websites and bookmarks within the same page. Targets for opening links in new windows are also demonstrated.
The document discusses various HTML tags for formatting text, including <B> for bold, <EM> for emphasis, and <BIG> for large text. It explains the structure of an HTML document with <HTML>, <HEAD>, and <BODY> tags, and how the <BODY> tag can control page colors and backgrounds. The document provides examples of using tags like <H1>-<H6> for headings, <CENTER> for centering content, and <FONT> for changing text colors and sizes. It also covers <A> tags for hyperlinks, <IMG> tags for images, and attributes like SRC and ALIGN.
HTML4 is the latest standard released by the World Wide Web consortium (www.w3.org) for web pages.
Making sure that your pages comply with standards like HTML4 will allow your site to be viewed by the maximum number of visitors.
Since HTML4 was published, browsers have moved on and support for HTML4 is becoming much more consistent between updated browsers.
Este documento proporciona instrucciones para configurar la configuración básica de un router Cisco, incluyendo cómo configurar el nombre del router, mensajes de bienvenida, contraseñas de acceso, interfaces de red y de serie, y cómo guardar y verificar la configuración. Explica cómo configurar propiedades como velocidad, modo y dirección IP de las interfaces, y cómo activar o desactivar interfaces.
Este documento presenta un plan de trabajo para un curso básico de construcción de páginas web usando HTML. El curso se centrará en crear una página personal para cada participante usando un esqueleto básico de HTML. El plan incluye sesiones para definir conceptos básicos, introducir elementos HTML y CSS, agregar contenido, imágenes y enlaces a cada página, y una sesión final para probar y perfeccionar las páginas creadas.
CBSE XII MATHS SAMPLE PAPER BY KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA Gautham Rajesh
The document provides the blueprint for the Class XII maths exam, including the breakdown of questions by chapter and type (1 mark, 4 marks, 6 marks). It includes 13 chapters, with a total of 10 one-mark questions, 12 four-mark questions, and 7 six-mark questions. The document also provides a sample question paper following the same format, with Section A having 10 one-mark questions, Section B having 12 four-mark questions, and Section C having 7 six-mark questions. The question paper covers various topics like relations and functions, matrices, differentiation, integrals, differential equations, and probability.
Este documento describe los protocolos de routing estático, incluyendo cómo configurar rutas estáticas, predeterminadas y resumidas en IPv4 e IPv6. También explica el uso de rutas estáticas flotantes y la resolución de problemas de rutas. El routing estático proporciona ventajas como seguridad y menor uso de ancho de banda en comparación con los protocolos dinámicos.
Este documento describe la configuración de un servidor DHCP en Debian para asignar direcciones IP de forma dinámica a clientes de la red. Se explican tres escenarios: 1) configurar un servidor DHCP básico, 2) agregar una reserva de dirección para un cliente Windows XP, y 3) configurar dos ámbitos (redes) en el servidor DHCP. También se detalla cómo agregar opciones de dominio y DNS a diferentes niveles, y cómo utilizar la herramienta Webmin para administrar el servidor DHCP.
Para crear una página web básica con HTML, se abre el bloc de notas, se agregan las etiquetas HTML, head y body, se incluye un título dentro de head entre etiquetas title, y luego dentro de body se pueden añadir encabezados, párrafos, imágenes y enlaces utilizando las etiquetas correspondientes como h1, p, img y a. Finalmente se guarda el archivo con extensión .html y se abre en el navegador.
This document provides an overview of TCPDUMP including:
- Introducing TCPDUMP as a command line network packet analyzer that comes pre-installed on Unix systems.
- Explaining how to decipher data packets captured by TCPDUMP.
- Detailing basic and intermediate TCPDUMP command line options and usage including filtering, reading from and writing to files.
- Outlining steps for network hacking techniques like footprinting, scanning, and DDoS attacks.
This document provides an overview of the tcpdump network traffic analysis tool. It discusses how tcpdump can be used to capture and filter network packets, highlights some common workflows and options, describes the underlying Berkeley Packet Filter (BPF) architecture, and addresses some common issues and questions. The key points are:
- Tcpdump allows users to capture and filter live network traffic or read from saved packet capture (pcap) files.
- Common options include -n to disable DNS resolution for faster display, -s1500 to set the snapshot length, -X to print packets in hex/ascii, and various filters like port 80.
- Workflows include online analysis of live traffic or offline analysis of saved captures
El documento habla sobre mantener ocupada y entretenida a una persona de edad avanzada llamada Regina mediante una aplicación móvil que mejore su memoria y prevenga accidentes. También describe los pasos para crear una aplicación en Android Studio para ejercitar la memoria y agilidad mental.
Tcpdump es una herramienta de línea de comandos que permite capturar y mostrar paquetes de red en tiempo real. Se puede usar para depurar aplicaciones de red, depurar la red misma, y capturar datos enviados por otros usuarios. Tcpdump funciona en sistemas UNIX y Windows a través de WinDump. Ofrece opciones para filtrar el tráfico capturado por dirección IP, puerto, protocolo, y otros atributos de paquetes.
Este documento describe la configuración de servidores DNS primarios y secundarios en Debian y Windows 2008 Server según un escenario de red dado. Explica cómo instalar y configurar bind9 en Debian para crear zonas directas e inversas, y luego configurar un servidor secundario para que reciba las transferencias de zona. También explica cómo instalar y configurar el servicio DNS en Windows 2008 Server para crear las mismas zonas directas e inversas, y luego configurar un servidor secundario para que reciba las actualizaciones de los registros.
Este documento describe cómo configurar un servidor OpenVPN en Debian y un cliente en Windows XP, así como un servidor en Windows XP y un cliente en Debian. Explica los pasos para instalar y configurar OpenVPN en ambos sistemas operativos, generar certificados, copiar archivos de configuración y ajustar las directivas necesarias para establecer una conexión VPN segura entre el servidor y el cliente en cada escenario.
El documento proporciona una introducción a los sistemas operativos en red. Explica que un sistema operativo en red coordina la interacción entre los recursos y equipos de la red de forma centralizada a través de un servidor principal. También describe los roles de servidores y clientes, y los software y hardware típicos requeridos. Finalmente, cubre aspectos como la instalación, configuración y funcionalidades básicas de sistemas operativos en red populares como Windows Server.
El documento habla sobre el protocolo de enrutamiento dinámico RIP. Explica que RIP mantiene actualizada la tabla de enrutamiento del router con información de otros routers. También describe cómo configurar RIP en un router Cisco, incluyendo los comandos necesarios para habilitar RIP, definir la versión, especificar las redes conectadas y redistribuir rutas estáticas. Finalmente, indica algunos comandos para verificar el funcionamiento y depurar las rutas RIP.
Este documento describe cómo configurar un servidor HTTP (IIS) en Windows 2008 Server, incluyendo la instalación de IIS y cinco ejercicios de configuración. El primer ejercicio muestra cómo configurar hosts virtuales con diferentes interfaces y puertos. El segundo ejercicio explica cómo habilitar HTTPS. El tercer ejercicio describe cómo IIS puede almacenar en caché información. El cuarto ejercicio explica cómo crear un directorio privado protegido con autenticación básica. El quinto ejercicio muestra cómo crear una página de error
Este documento trata sobre vectores 3D. Explica conceptos como la dirección, cosenos directores y ángulos directores de un vector cartesiano, así como el módulo y unitario de un vector. También cubre la suma de vectores cartesianos y presenta ejercicios para determinar fuerzas y resultados en sistemas mecánicos tridimensionales.
Este documento describe la instalación y configuración de servidores FTP y SSH. Explica cómo instalar y configurar el servicio FTP en Debian usando VSFTPD y cómo hacerlo de forma segura usando TLS. También describe cómo instalar y configurar un servidor NAS con OpenMediaVault, incluyendo la configuración de RAID 1, usuarios, grupos, compartición de carpetas y el servicio FTP. Por último, explica cómo instalar y configurar el servicio SSH.
Este documento describe la configuración de tres escenarios de Apache2 en una máquina virtual Debian. El primer escenario configura dos VirtualHosts con diferentes interfaces y el mismo puerto. El segundo escenario configura dos VirtualHosts con la misma interfaz pero diferentes puertos. El tercer escenario configura dos VirtualHosts con la misma interfaz y puerto, diferenciándolos por su nombre. Adicionalmente, se describe la instalación de Moodle en un sitio y Joomla en otro, y la configuración de Moodle para funcionar sobre HTTPS.
Este documento describe el enrutamiento estático en routers Cisco. El enrutamiento estático requiere que el administrador defina manualmente las rutas que deben seguir los paquetes. Las rutas estáticas se configuran usando el comando "ip route" en el router para asignar una ruta de salida específica a una red de destino. El documento también proporciona un ejemplo de cómo configurar rutas estáticas en dos routers conectados.
This document discusses how to use tcpdump and Linux utilities like grep, awk and sed to analyze network traffic for incident response. It provides examples of basic tcpdump syntax and using BPF filters to profile traffic. Specific techniques covered include hunting for suspicious DNS queries, mapping related infrastructure, finding unusual outbound connections, and automating tasks with scripting. The overall message is that security analysts should go beyond automated tools and learn to manually analyze network data to identify compromised systems that tools may miss.
This document provides information on basic HTML programming and creating HTML documents. It discusses HTML tags for formatting text, including headings, paragraphs, lists, and links. It also covers including images, audio, video, and preformatted text in HTML pages. The document recommends using text editors at first to learn HTML basics before using visual editors. It explains how to store and publish HTML files on a school web server.
The document provides an overview of HTML including static vs dynamic pages, HTML structure and tags, common elements like headings, paragraphs, and links, and how to choose an HTML editor. It discusses the <head> and <body> sections, formatting text, inserting images, videos and other media, lists, tables, forms, and using containers. The global data attribute is also introduced for storing custom data. Visual Studio Code is recommended as a free editor that provides features like auto-closing tags and code coloring.
The document provides an introduction to HTML (Hypertext Markup Language). It discusses that HTML was created to allow for hypertext links within and between web documents, representing a departure from traditional printed books. It then covers the origins of HTML in SGML and its evolution into a presentation language. The rest of the document outlines basic HTML elements and tags for document structure, text formatting, lists, images, and links.
Seo is referred as Search Engine Optimization. It has basically four modules Search engine optimization (SEO), Social Media Optimization (SMO), Search Engine Marketing (SEM) and PPC.
We at SKY INFOTECH have a team of professionals dedicated towards SEO and we are also proving LIVE PROJECT TRAINING in SEO and PPC.
This PDF is all about Basic HTML meta tags which are mostly used in SEO on-page practices. These slides will really help students who really want to know about SEO. We provide SEO training in Noida at affordable price. For more information, visit the website.
The document discusses HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), which defines the structure and layout of web pages using tags and attributes. It describes common HTML elements like <head>, <title>, <body>, and <html> that form the basic structure of an HTML document, as well as tags for text formatting, hyperlinks, images, lists, and tables. Paired and singular tags are introduced along with examples.
This document provides an introduction to basic web development concepts including HTML, CSS, and how the web works. It explains that web pages are written in HTML, which provides structure and semantics, and CSS controls formatting and appearance. Key HTML elements are defined such as paragraphs, headings, hyperlinks, and images. Examples are given for setting up a basic HTML page structure and adding different elements. References for further learning are also included.
The document discusses various HTML tags and concepts used to design web pages. It defines key terms like web server, web site and web pages. It then explains the history and generations of HTML. The document provides details on how to create an HTML file and add text, links, lists, tables and formatting. It describes various tags for headings, paragraphs, fonts, images, and other elements to structure and style web page content.
HTML is the standard markup language used to create web pages. It provides a structure and layout for text, images, and other content. The document explains the basic components of an HTML page, including the <head> and <body> tags, common text formatting tags, links, lists, and tables. It recommends learning HTML tags through online resources or by examining the source code of existing web pages, and emphasizes starting simply with tags like <head>, <title>, <h2>, and <p>.
This document provides an overview of common HTML tags that are frequently used, including tags for the document structure (<html>, <head>, <body>), page title (<title>), paragraphs (<p>), headings (<h1>-<h6>), and emphasis (<em>, <strong>). It also discusses file naming conventions and basic file structure for organizing website files and pages. The key tags covered are those needed for a basic website structure and formatting text.
HTML is a markup language used to define the structure and layout of web pages. Key points:
- HTML uses tags like <h1> and <p> to mark up headings, paragraphs, and other elements. A web browser reads HTML tags to display web pages.
- Common HTML elements include headings, paragraphs, links, images, lists, and tables. CSS can be used to style and lay out HTML elements.
- HTML documents have a basic structure including <html>, <head>, and <body> tags where content is placed.
This document provides an introduction and overview of HTML concepts including:
- The basic structure of an HTML document with tags for the <html>, <head>, <title>, and <body> sections.
- Common text formatting tags such as <b>, <i>, <p>, and <br> and how to combine multiple tags.
- Other tags for headings, fonts, text alignment, links, images, and tables.
- Attributes that can be added to tags to customize properties like colors, sizes, and alignments.
- Best practices for naming files, placing images, and adding summaries for accessibility.
HTML is a markup language used to define the structure and layout of web pages. HTML uses tags to mark elements like headings, paragraphs, links, images, and tables. Some key tags include:
<h1> for main headings, <p> for paragraphs, <a> for links, <img> for images, and <table> for tables. Elements are everything between a starting and ending tag. HTML documents contain tags and plain text and are displayed in web browsers.
This document provides an introduction to HTML, including what HTML is, the structure of an HTML document, common HTML tags, attributes, and comments. HTML is a markup language used to create web pages and is made up of elements defined by tags. A basic HTML document structure includes header, body, and footer sections. Common tags include headings, paragraphs, links, images, and breaks. Attributes can modify tags, and comments are included with special syntax.
This document provides an introduction to HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) and web page programming. It defines HTML as a markup language that uses tags to structure and present content on web pages. It describes some basic HTML tags like <html>, <head>, <title>, and <body> that provide the underlying framework and structure for web pages. It also covers other common tags for formatting text, inserting images, and setting attributes like color, size, and alignment. The document is intended as a classroom resource to teach the fundamentals of HTML and creating simple web pages.
HTML is used to structure and layout web pages. The basic HTML document has a head and body section. The head contains metadata like the title, while the body contains visible content. Common elements include headings, paragraphs, lists, links, images and tables. Tags like <h1> and <p> define headings and paragraphs. Unordered and ordered lists use <ul> and <ol> tags. Links are created with <a> tags and images with <img> tags. Tables are made up of <table>, <tr>, and <td> tags to define the table, rows, and cells. HTML provides basic building blocks for creating web pages.
The document provides information about HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) elements and tags used to structure and format web pages. It defines key concepts like the difference between the Internet and World Wide Web. It explains what web pages, websites, and how they are designed. It also provides details on important HTML tags like headings, paragraphs, links, images and how to format text. Design concepts like content, usability, and visibility that make websites effective are also summarized.
What is HTML - An Introduction to HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)Ahsan Rahim
What is HTML?
HTML stands for "Hypertext Markup Language". A standardized system for tagging text files to achieve font, colour, graphic, and hyperlink effects on World Wide Web pages.
Hypertext Markup Language is the standard markup language for creating the Web pages and Web Applications. With Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) & JavaScript for creating World Wide Web pages.
HTML is a computer language devised to allow website creation. These websites can then be viewed by anyone else connected to the Internet.
HTML is relatively easy to learn & it consists of a series of short codes typed into a text-file by the site author — these are the tags. The text is then saved as a html file, and viewed through a browser.
This document provides an introduction to HTML and web technologies. It defines common terms like web server, website, and web pages. It then discusses how to think about the content, goals, structure, and topics for a website before beginning to code in HTML. The document proceeds to explain what HTML is and how to write HTML code by hand or using HTML editors. It outlines basic HTML anatomy, tags, and document formatting. Finally, it covers specific HTML elements like headings, text formatting, lists, links, images, and backgrounds.
This document provides an overview and introduction to HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) and web programming concepts through a course titled "CS 299 – Web Programming and Design". It discusses HTML basics like tags, attributes, and document structure. It also introduces more advanced topics like CSS, scripts, XHTML and highlights example resources to learn these technologies.
This document provides an overview and introduction to HTML and XHTML. It discusses the basics of HTML, including HTML tags, attributes, and document structure. It also covers topics like HTML headings, paragraphs, formatting, images, tables, lists and forms. Finally, it introduces XHTML as a stricter version of HTML that combines HTML and XML, and highlights important differences between the two standards.
CBSE XII BIOLOGY SAMPLE PAPER BY KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA Gautham Rajesh
This document provides a sample question paper format for Class 12 Biology exam. It includes the exam structure, marking scheme, unit-wise weightage and distribution of questions. The paper will be of 70 marks and 3 hours duration. It will have questions in 4 sections - very short answer (8 marks), short answer I (20 marks), short answer II (27 marks) and long answer (15 marks). The topics covered are Reproduction, Genetics and Evolution, Biology in human welfare, Biotechnology and Ecology. The question paper aims to include 3-5 marks worth of value based questions to test various ethical and social issues. A blue print provides the breakdown of number and type of questions from each unit across the sections.
CBSE XII COMPUTER SCIENCE STUDY MATERIAL BY KVSGautham Rajesh
This document provides an overview of key concepts in C++ programming. It discusses the basic building blocks of a C++ program like data types, variables, constants, operators, control structures, functions and arrays. It explains fundamental concepts like tokens, literals, data type conversion and standard libraries. It also introduces object oriented programming concepts like classes and objects. The document is intended as a study material for class 12 students to help understand C++ programming.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms for those who already suffer from conditions like anxiety and depression.
1) An experiment was conducted to measure the acceleration due to gravity (g) using a simple pendulum. The time for 100 oscillations was measured to be 90 seconds.
2) The position of a projectile launched at an angle from the horizontal is given. The angle of launch (u) is calculated from this information.
3) The minimum force required to stop the flow of water through a horizontal tube is calculated using the flow rate and properties of water.
1. Two soap bubbles merge to form a single bubble. If V is the change in volume and S is the change in surface area, which of the following equations relating P (atmospheric pressure), T (surface tension), V, and S is correct?
2. Hot water cools from 60°C to 50°C in 10 minutes, and to 42°C in the next 10 minutes. The temperature of the surroundings is 15°C.
3. A Carnot engine absorbs 1000 J of heat from a 127°C reservoir and rejects 600 J each cycle. The engine efficiency is 40% and the sink temperature is 233°C.
1. The document presents 10 physics questions about topics like motion, forces, momentum, energy, fluids, etc. Each question provides multiple choice options for the answer.
2. Question 1 asks about matching events like the rotation period of Earth, revolution period of Earth, period of a light wave, and period of a sound wave with their respective time intervals.
3. Question 2 asks about the number of planks required to stop a bullet that loses 1/n of its velocity when passing through each plank.
4. The summary provides a high-level overview of the document content and structure while maintaining brevity in under 3 sentences.
1. The document contains instructions and 32 questions for a Class 11 Mathematics exam. Questions range from very short answer to longer proof-style questions.
2. The questions cover a range of mathematics topics including sets, functions, limits, probability, complex numbers, trigonometry, coordinate geometry, and calculus.
3. Students are instructed not to use calculators and that questions 1-12 are short answer, questions 13-28 are 4 marks each, and questions 29-32 are 6 marks each. The exam is designed to test a wide breadth of mathematical concepts.
The document discusses the benefits of meditation for reducing stress and anxiety. Regular meditation practice can help calm the mind and body by lowering heart rate and blood pressure. Studies have shown that meditating for just 10-20 minutes per day can have significant positive impacts on both mental and physical health.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow and levels of neurotransmitters and endorphins which elevate and stabilize mood.
1. The document contains a sample paper for a Computer Science subject exam with 7 questions covering topics like operating system functions, data types, loops, conditional statements, functions etc. It provides the expected answers for the questions.
2. The questions assess students' understanding of basic programming concepts like data types, operators, loops, functions etc. and their ability to write simple programs to solve problems like checking leap year, Armstrong number, Fibonacci series etc.
3. The answer key provides concise yet comprehensive responses covering the key aspects being tested in each question like explaining different loop types, data types, debugging, functions of header files etc. and includes code snippets for programming questions.
Discovering the Best Indian Architects A Spotlight on Design Forum Internatio...Designforuminternational
India’s architectural landscape is a vibrant tapestry that weaves together the country's rich cultural heritage and its modern aspirations. From majestic historical structures to cutting-edge contemporary designs, the work of Indian architects is celebrated worldwide. Among the many firms shaping this dynamic field, Design Forum International stands out as a leader in innovative and sustainable architecture. This blog explores some of the best Indian architects, highlighting their contributions and showcasing the most famous architects in India.
International Upcycling Research Network advisory board meeting 4Kyungeun Sung
Slides used for the International Upcycling Research Network advisory board 4 (last one). The project is based at De Montfort University in Leicester, UK, and funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council.
Practical eLearning Makeovers for EveryoneBianca Woods
Welcome to Practical eLearning Makeovers for Everyone. In this presentation, we’ll take a look at a bunch of easy-to-use visual design tips and tricks. And we’ll do this by using them to spruce up some eLearning screens that are in dire need of a new look.
Architectural and constructions management experience since 2003 including 18 years located in UAE.
Coordinate and oversee all technical activities relating to architectural and construction projects,
including directing the design team, reviewing drafts and computer models, and approving design
changes.
Organize and typically develop, and review building plans, ensuring that a project meets all safety and
environmental standards.
Prepare feasibility studies, construction contracts, and tender documents with specifications and
tender analyses.
Consulting with clients, work on formulating equipment and labor cost estimates, ensuring a project
meets environmental, safety, structural, zoning, and aesthetic standards.
Monitoring the progress of a project to assess whether or not it is in compliance with building plans
and project deadlines.
Attention to detail, exceptional time management, and strong problem-solving and communication
skills are required for this role.
1. Creating HTML Documents and Managing Web site
Text Editors
Basic HTML Programming
• BBEditLite
HTML
HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language.
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• Other text editing programs
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WYSIWYG Editors
HTML files are basically special text files:
• MS Frontpage
• Contain special control sequences or tags that control how text is
• Macromedia Dreamweaver
to be formatted.
• Others exist
• HTML files are the “source code” for Web Browsers
First use text editor programs to learn HTML Basics. Starting with
WYSIWYG hinders learning process. Only use WYSIWYG when you
know basics.
– A browser reads the HTML file and
– Tries to display it using the tags to control layout.
• Text file created by:
– Any text editor — FREE: BBEdit Lite
– Special HTML editors — freeware — expensive: Dreamweaver
• Notepad, wordpad
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Creating Your Own Web Pages
Storing and Serving Files on School UNIX WWW Server
The process in creating permanent WWW (HTML + related scripts
(later)) pages in this course is basically
• Create, and test, local files on the Macintosh Computer or share
• Once you are happy with the format of the local (Mac based files)
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UNIX files directly across a locally (samba) mounted shared folder.
and you want a permanent Web page you should FTP the file to
your personal UNIX file space.
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OR
• Save HTML documents with extension .html, e.g. sport.html
• If you have mounted you UNIX files via SAMBA
• Ultimately you should store Permanent Copies of files on
Department’s UNIX System/Web Server.
There are 2 places where you may store HTML files on your
personal UNIX WWW file space.
NOTE: There is a Difference
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2. Two Special Sub-Directories in your Home Directory
Making Your Web Space Available
project html — Files place in this directory will be viewable only
within the department. Ideal for coureswork
The directories should have been created for you but you wil have
to PUBLISH your pages on the COMSC Information Server.
• Use URL:
http://project.cs.cf.ac.uk/A.B.Surname
where A.B.Surname is your long email name to reference files
from the Web.
• You agree to abide by University/School Regulations when you
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PUBLISH your pages
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• To PUBLISH your pages, go to URL:
http://www.cs.cf.ac.uk/user/
and click on PUBLISH button to make your pages available.
public html — Files place in this directory will be viewable on the
whole Internet. This is where you would create your Home Page.
• UNPUBLISH available also.
• Use URL:
http://users.cs.cf.ac.uk/A.B.Surname
where A.B.Surname is your long email name to reference files
from the Web.
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Further Information of your School’s Web Space
UNIX File space and Storing Files on UNIX: SAMBA
Further information on user and project Web pages at:
Two ways to transfer your files on UNIX Web Space
Mount Unix Files via Samba
• User: http://www.cs.cf.ac.uk/systems/html/451 (Web) or
http://www.cs.cf.ac.uk/systems/pdfs/451.pdf (PDF)
• Project: http://www.cs.cf.ac.uk/systems/html/452 (Web) or
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http://www.cs.cf.ac.uk/systems/pdfs/452.pdf (PDF)
• Use Macintosh Finder
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GO Connect to Server...
to mount your web
space.
• Choose
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the COMSC
network
and
the
claros
(or
most
other machines)
• Select and Store files
in in project html or
public html
directory.
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3. UNIX File space and Storing Files on UNIX: FTP
Creating Your Own Home Page and other files for the WWW
• Create the file using BBEdit (or another) and save it to disk. If the
file is
intended to be your home page save it as index.html.
If will need to transfer files from the Macintosh to UNIX and
alternative is to use FTP (STP from outside School):
• Fire up Fetch Application or command line FTP/SFTP.
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• FTP to ftp.cs.cf.ac.uk
• Make sure file is correct by viewing it locally in Web Browser on
Macintosh (or PC!).
• Login into your own file space by using your on UNIX User ID
• Save file in the public html directory. It Must be placed here.
(e.g. scm...) and password.
• index.html should be the “home” file for every subdirectory
• Change the directory to your project html or public html
of your web space — Browser always look for this file if just a
directory is referenced, E.g.:
directory.
• Put the file(s) in this directory.
http://users.cs.cf.ac.uk/A.B.Surname/: You home page
is assumed to be index.html
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http://users.cs.cf.ac.uk/A.B.Surname/SubDIR:
index.html is assumed to be present in the SubDIR.
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Viewing HTML Source in your Browser
The Best Way to Learn HTML
• Find a Web page you like or wish to learn how it is formatted.
The best way to learn HTML (or any programming language) is by
example.
You can read many books but practice, i.e. writing your own HTML
pages and learning from example WWW pages on line, is the best
way to learn tips and constructs.
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• Use Samba/FTP to access your UNIX File space.
• Make sure this Web page is currently being viewed by Web Browser.
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• You can view the WWW page by selecting the View Source
(Safari) item or Source (Explorer) item from the View Menu.
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• Compare the HTML with the browser display of the Page.
• Portions of the file may be selected with the mouse (click and
drag mouse) and then Copied and Pasted into other documents
(E.g. BBEdit/Dreamweaver windows.
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4. HTML Tags
Anatomy of Any HTML Document
Every HTML document consists of two elements:
All HTML commands or tags have the following form:
<name of tag>...</name of tag>
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Tags control the structure, formatting and hypertext linking or
HTML pages.
• Head elements — provides page title and general page
formatting commands
• Body elements — put the main HTML text in this part.
Tags are made active by <name of tag> and must be made inactive
by an associated </name of tag>.
HTML is not case sensitive — tags can be upper or lower case
letters (even mixtures of cases) — Not recommended.
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Basic HTML Page Structure
Basic HTML Coding
Head elements
We can now meet or first three HTML tags html, head and body
• <head>....</head> tag delimits head part of document.
Note that these specify the basic anatomy of every HTML page.
<html>
<head>
head elements go here
</head>
<body>
body elements go here
</body>
</html>
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• <title>....</title> Defines the title of the Web page.
• Ever Web page should have a title
–
–
–
–
–
–
NOTE:
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Displayed as Title of Web Browser Window
Used in Bookmarks or Hot lists to identify page
Make title succinct but meaningful
Only one title per page
Only plain text in title (no other tags).
Usually <body> first level one header same as title (see
below).
• <html> is the first tag of any HTML page. It indicates that the
contents of the page is in HTML.
• </html> has to be the last tag of any HTML page
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5. The Body Element
Headings
• <body>....</body> tag delimits body part of document.
• Headings are used to title sections and subsection of a document.
• All other commands that constitute web page nested inside body.
• Body must follow head.
• HTML has 6 levels of headings labelled h1, h2, ..., h6.
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• Delimit headings between the <hn>....</hn> tags
where n = 1 . . . 6
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• The first heading should be <h1> item
In most documents the first heading is the same as the page title.
• Headings are displayed in larger/bolder fonts than normal body
text.
• Increment headings linearly — do not skip.
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Example of HTML headings
Which looks like this when viewed through a browser:
<html>
<head>
<title> HTML Heading Levels
</title>
</head>
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<body>
<h1> This is a level 1 heading </h1>
<p>
This is not a heading.
</p>
<h2> This is a level 2
<h3> This is a level 3
<h4> This is a level 4
<h5> This is a level 5
<h6> This is a level 6
</body>
</html>
It is a paragraph.
heading
heading
heading
heading
heading
</h2>
</h3>
</h4>
</h5>
</h6>
Figure 11: HTML Heading Levels Example
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6. HTML Comments
Paragraphs
Comments delimited by:
<!-- ......... -->
• <p> ....</p> tag delimts a paragraph.
• HTML ignores most carriage returns in a file — so must use <p>
or <br> tag to get a newline in the browser.
• Ignored by browser – No formatting function
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• Like all good programming practice:
• Text is wrapped until a <p> or </p> encountered.
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– HTML assumes that if a <p> is encounterd before a </p> then
a paragraph should be inserted. (Old HTML Legacy)
– Bad practice to leave out </p>.
Use meaning comments in your HTML
• Paragraphs can be aligned — LEFT, CENTER, RIGHT – with
Simple comment example:
the ALIGN attribute via
<!-- THIS IS A COMMENT -->
<p align=center>
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Paragraph Align Example
<p align>
<!-- THIS IS A COMMENT -->
<!-- Default align is left -->
Left aligned paragraph
</p>
<p align = center>
Links and Anchors
Which looks like this when
viewed through a browser:
Linking to Other Documents — The Bread and Butter of the Web
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Regions of text can be linked to other documents via the anchor,
<a>, tag which has the following format:
<p align = right>
<a href=‘‘filename or URL’’> link text </a>
• The opening <a> tag has a href attribute that is used to specify
Right aligned paragraph
</p>
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• Text between the <a> and </a> (closing tag) is highlighted by
Center aligned paragraph
</p>
the link to URL or local file.
the browser to indicate the hyperlink.
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• Depending on browser and web page configuration highlight style
can differ.
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7. Relative and Absolute Links
Anchors — Jumping to specific places in a document
There is a subtle and very important between the links in the previous
example:
Anchors are special places within documents that can be linked to.
Relative links — refer to a page in relation to the current document
• sub-directories and included files can be specified in the
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relative link.
• Makes for very portable web pages.
Whole directory systems can be moved easily.
• e.g.
• Anchors may placed anywhere in a document with
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<a name = "anchor_name">Anchor Position</a>
• Anchors within the same document are referred to by
<a href = "#anchor_name">Go to anchor</a>
<a href="SportFootball.html">Football</a>
• Anchors in the external document are referred to by
Absolute links — reference files based on the absolute location on
the local file system or WWW.
<a href = "link#anchor_name">
where link may a relative, absolute or remote URL link.
• e.g.
<a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/Sport/Football.html">Football</a>}
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Lists
Anchor Example - Same code for external or internal:
<ul>
<li><a href="#apples">apples</a></li>
<li><a href="#oranges">oranges</a></li>
<li><a href="#bananas">bananas</a></li>
</ul>
<h2>Information</h2>
<p><a name="apples">
Apples are green
</p>
<p><a name="oranges">
Oranges are orange
</p>
<p><a name="bananas">
Bananas are yellow
</p>
HTML supports a variety of lists.
Unordered or Bulleted lists
• <ul> ... </ul> delimits list.
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• <li> indicates list items.
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• Closing </li> is not strictly required. (Old HTML Legacy)
But recommended.
<ul>
<li> apples. </li>
<li> bananas.</li>
</ul>
Which looks like this when viewed through a browser:
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8. Ordered or Numbered lists
Preformatted Text
• <ul> ... </ul> delimits list.
The <PRE> tag generates text in a fixed width font and causes spaces,
new lines and tabs to be significant. Often used for program listings.
Example:
• <li> indicates list items.
• Closed with </li>.
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For Example:
<ol>
<li> apples.</li>
<li> bananas.</li>
</ol>
<pre>
This is preformatted
text.
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New lines, spaces etc. are
significant.
</pre>
which looks like this when viewed through a browser:
Which looks like this when viewed through a browser:
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In-Line Images
In-Line Image Example Pixel Size
HTML:
All browsers can display in-line images that are in JPEG or GIF format.
<p align = center>
An image mixed in with text <br>
• Use the img tag with src attribute to include an image in you HTML page:
<img src=image link>
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where image link is the the relative, absolute or remote URL link of the image
file.
<img src="niagara.jpg" align=middle
width = 300 height = 200
alt="Niagara Falls">
</p>
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Which looks like this when viewed through a browser:
• Include alt=‘‘replacement’’ attribute for browsers that may not be set to
display graphics, where replacement is a meaningful short text description.
– Some people preserve Bandwidth/ Download time by turning off image
display in a browser
– If image is corrupted or URL is “misdirected” — perhaps some files/directories
moved.
– Lynx text only browser
– Special needs Browsers for Blind/Partially sighted people
• Images can be aligned like paragraphs.
• Images can be resized in pixel size or percentage with width and/or height
attributes.
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9. In-Line Image Example Percentage Size
Differences between Absolute Pixel and
Percentage Image Size?
HTML:
• Note: Only have set width here to preserve image aspect.
<p align = center>
An image mixed in with text <br>
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• Pixel size fixes size of image — if window resizes too small then
scrolling will be invoked.
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• When you resize browser window always rescales image to fit
<img src="niagara.jpg" align=middle
width = 50%
alt="Niagara Falls">
</p>
window – to within a reasonable minimum size.
Which looks like this when viewed through a browser:
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External Images, Sounds, Video
Embedded (in-line) Audio, Midi and Video
External Images will be loaded into their own page as a simple
URL. The href field within the anchor tag is used.
To include Audio, MIDI and Video Elements in a web page use the
embed tag, syntax:
These are easily included by using
<a href=“image url”>link anchor</a>
<a href=“video url”>link anchor</a>
<a href=“audio url”>link anchor</a>
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<EMBED SRC="media_url"
HEIGHT=
WIDTH=
AUTOPLAY= TRUE/FLASE
LOOP= TRUE/FALSE>
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• height, width as before
<a href="http://www.bbc.co.uk/sound_file.wav">MADE UP LINK!</a>
• autoplay = TRUE forces media to play on page load
• loop = TRUE forced media to loop continously on page
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10. Logical Character Tags Examples
<em>
This is emphasised Text
</em>
<strong>
This is Strong Text
</strong>
Example Embedded Audio, Midi and Video
<p align = center>
Embedded Audio: <br>
<EMBED SRC="Shaggy.wav"
HEIGHT=50 WIDTH=200
AUTOPLAY=FLASE LOOP=FALSE>
</p>
Which looks like this when
viewed through a browser:
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Which looks like this:
Code Text looks like this:<br>
<code>
begin
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for i:= 1 to N
end
</code>
Variable text looks like this:<br>
<var>
my_var_name = 2;
</var>
<p align = center>
Embedded Midi: <br>
<EMBED SRC="mars.mid"
HEIGHT=50 WIDTH=200
AUTOPLAY=FALSE LOOP=FALSE>
</p>
<dfn>
By definition
</dfn>
<p align = center>
Embedded Video: <br>
<EMBED SRC="JawsII.mov"
HEIGHT=250 WIDTH=200
AUTOPLAY=TRUE LOOP=FALSE>
</p>
this the dfn logical style
Address style looks like this:
<ADDRESS>
dave@cs.cf.ac.uk Dr. A.D. Marshall
</ADDRESS>
</p>
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Citation style looks like this:<br>
<cite>
Internet Computing Notes, David Marshall 2003
</cite>
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Physical Character Tags Examples
Special Characters
<b>
This is bold text.
</b>
Certain characters need to be referred to in a special way.
Which looks like this:
<i>
This is italic text.
</i>
<u>
This is text is underlined.
</u>
These include:
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• Character strings that represent special symbols, e.g.
–
–
–
–
<tt>
This is fixed width text.
</tt>
<s>
This is text is struck through.
</s>
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& for &
< for <
> for >
" for double quote (“)
This is normal text.
<big>
This is bigger text.
</big>
This is normal text.
<small>
This is smaller text.
</small>
X<sub>1</sub> is subscripted (1).
X<sup>2</sup>. the squared (2) is superscripted
Fractions can be made with a mix of sup and sub:
<sup>1</sup><sub>2</sub>
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11. Horizontal rules and Line breaks
Horizontal Rule <hr>
The <hr> has 4 attributes that may be associated with it.
There are two tags that can be used to control the layout of your
page.
• The size attribute to specify thickness of line in pixels (pixels
are individual dots displayed on the screen).
• Horizontal Rule <hr>
• Line break <br> — inserts a end of line where it appear
For example:
Which looks like this:
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<b>2 Pixels</b><br>
<hr size=2>
<b>4 Pixels</b><br>
<hr size=4>
<b>8 Pixels</b><br>
<hr size=8>
<b>16 Pixels</b><br>
<hr size=16>
Neither have a closing tag or associated text.
Their use is fairly straightforward.
Can also add/remove shading, alter alignment and change width
e.g.
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<hr noshade align=right width=50%>
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Fonts and Font Sizes
Example uses of font tag: face and absolute size
The <font> tag is used to change the font size and type face of text
enclosed between the begin and end tag.
<P><font face="Futura,Helvetica">Sans Serif fonts are fonts
without the small "ticks" on the strokes of the characters.
</font></P>
• The size attribute changes the size of the font. Allowed values
are 1 to 7.
<P>Normal font size. <font size=5>Larger font size.</font></P>
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– size attributes can be incremented or decrements with
+ operator within the above range.
E.g size = +2.
• The face attribute to select a type face.
<font
<font
<font
<font
<font
<font
<font
size=1>font
size=2>font
size=3>font
size=4>font
size=5>font
size=6>font
size=7>font
size
size
size
size
size
size
size
1</font><br>
2</font><br>
3</font><br>
4</font><br>
5</font><br>
6</font><br>
7</font><br>
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looks looks like this
E.g. face = "futura,helvetica", face = ”courier”
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12. Web Page Backgrounds
Colour in HTML
You can do a few simple yet effective things to spice up your web
pages.
Colour is widely used in many HTML contexts.
We, briefly, introduce the concept of colour in HTML here.
It is straightforward to
• Change the colour of your background.
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There are two ways to specify colour:
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• Use Hexadecimal numbers to specify each red, green and blue
• Make a (GIF or JPEG) image a background
component.
• Use one of a set of predefined colour names.
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Hexadecimal Colour Representation in HTML
Example Hexadecimal Colours
Colour for each red, green and blue colour component is represented
by a range 0 (0 Hex) to 255 decimal (FF hex) where
Thus, we can form:
• 255 indicates full colour component
Green
0
255
0
255
255
Blue
0
255
0
0
0
x
x
255
0
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• Other values a proportion of a the colour value.
Red
0
255
255
0
0
x
• 0 indicates zero colour component
0
255
255
255
Colour
Black
White
Red (full)
Green (full)
Blue (full)
x = 0-255
Shade of grey
Magenta
Yellow
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and so on ...
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13. Predefined Colours in HTML
Setting the Background Colour of Your Browser
You can choose from predefined colours, for example:
To change the background colour you must set the BGCOLOR attribute
in the BODY tag.
Black, White, Green, Maroon, Olive, Navy, Purple, Gray, Red,
Yellow, Blue, Teal, Lime, Aqua, Fuchsia and Silver.
• Colour names are easier to remember. The only drawback is a
• To specify a hexadecimal number you must put a # before the
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restricted choice compared with several million possible colours
possible with hexadecimal representation.
number and then two hex digits for each red, green and blue
component respectively.
For example, whitehex.html:
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<BODY BGCOLOR = "#FFFFFF">
• The fidelity and ultimate rendering of colour will depend on the
hardware you run the browser on.
gives us a white background.
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Some Example Named Colour Backgrounds
Image Backgrounds
To set BGCOLOR with a predefined name simply refer to the name of
one of the allowed colours.
You can use an image as a background for your web pages.
For example, green.html:
<BODY BGCOLOR = "green">
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To do this use the BACKGROUND
attribute of the BODY tag, for
example, my back.html:
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<body background="my_back.gif">
gives us a green background.
URLs (relative or absolute) can be
supplied:
<body background=
"images/my_back.gif">
<body background=
"/server_images/my_back.gif">
<body background=
"http://www.myimageserver/my_back.gif">
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14. Using Image Backgrounds
Scrolled Image Backgrounds
Some precautions should be taken when using images:
Image backgrounds cane be Scroll controlled via the bgproperties
attribute of the BODY tag
• Keep the size of the images small
• Browsers tile images:
– Small images are repeated in rows and columns to fill the web
page.
– This saves on downloading overheads of large images
– Images should have patterns that “flow” between tiles
– GIF and JPEG image formats allowed
• If bgproperties="fixed" is set when (Web Page) text is
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scrolled background image remains fixed
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For example, my back fixed.html :
<body
background="my_back.jpg" bgproperties="fixed">
• Otherwise the background image also scrolls
• Browsers cache images and web pages so reuse a backgrounds
For example, my back scroll.html.
on several pages.
• Reusing a background creates a consistency to pages providing a
“web site” overall image.
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Text Colour in HTML
Multicoloured Text
You can change the colour of text on your web page in much the
same way as you set the background colour.
Setting the Text colour in the BODY still only gives one colour for all
text on a page:
• You can change the colour of all the text on page by setting the
TEXT attribute of the BODY tag.
• You can also colour individual portions of text with the <FONT>
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• For example redtexthex.html:
tag by setting the COLOR attribute.
For Example, fontcol.html:
<body text = "#FF0000">
Multicoloured text:
<br><br>
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Which gives:
<font color = "#FF0000">
This is RED text
</font><br><br>
or, redtext.html:
<body text = "red">
<font color = "#00FF00">
This is GREEN text
</font><br><br>
gives us red text on our page.
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<font color = "#0000FF">
This is Blue text
</font><br><br>
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15. The Role of CGI
The role of this CGI script is to:
CGI Scripting
• Accept the data which the user inputs and
What is a CGI Script?
A CGI script is any program that runs on a web server.
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• Do something with it.
• Usually, send a reply back to user.
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Why CGI Scripts:
CGI stands for Common Gateway Interface
CGI defines a standard way in which information may be passed
to and from the browser and server.
Figure 26: The Common Gateway Interface
Any program or script that can process information according to
the CGI specification (part of HTTP protocol) can, in theory, be used
to code a CGI script.
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Writing and Running CGI Scripts
Calling a CGI Script
CGI scripts can exist in many forms — depending upon what the
server supports.
CGI can be called and run in a variety of ways on the server.
CGI scripts can be compiled programs or batch files or any executable
entity. For simplicity we will use the term script for all CGI entities.
The 2 most common ways of running a CGI script are:
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the CGI script to be run.
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• Direct URL reference — A CGI script can be run directly by giving
Typically CGI scripts are written in:
the URL explicitly in HTML.
• Perl scripts — colorgreen The method we adopt. Most common
– Arguments (values) may be required by the script this will
have to passed in.
– We will see how to do this shortly.
too
• C/C++ programs
• Unix Scripts
One other way CGI scripts are called is in Server-side include
HTML commands.
colorred We will concentrate on Perl in this course.
CGI scripts therefore have to be written (and maybe compiled) and
checked for errors before they are run on the server.
• From an HTML Form — the ACTION attribute of the form specifies
• This is something we will leave until later.
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16. Creating CGI Scripts
Perl CGI Script Development Cycle
We will be creating CGI scripts in Perl.
The basic cycle of perl script development recommended for this
course is:
Perl has become the default language for creating CGI scripts as it
has many useful features and a rich set of libraries.
On Mac OS X/UNIX perl scripts are executed as scripts
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• Perl Scripts are interpreted — no need to compile
• A special program, the Perl Interpreter, supplied on the system.
1. Write and create Perl scripts on Local Machine
(Mac OS X/PC/LINUX).
2. Test, run and debug Perl script Local Machine
(Mac OS X/PC/LINUX)
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• Possibly not fully functional CGI test
• But test for syntax and basic output.
On PC (also LINUX/Solaris)
3. For permanent storage or permanent Web distribution, Samba/FTP
perl script and HTML to School’s UNIX/LINUX Web Server
• ActivePerl is used (Industry Standard)
• As with HTML home pages there are two distinct ways to
serve CGI (Local (Project) and Global (Public)) scripts.
Perl is a freely available for most platforms — see www.perl.org
• HTML files must be placed in special directories.
• Perl scripts must be place in special (sub) directories
or www.perl.com
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(cgi-bin subdirectory from HTML directory — more soon).
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Setting up CGI Scripts to run on a server
World Wide CGI Scripts on School’s Web Server
As mentioned above and in similar fashion HTML code need to located
in a special place in order to run and operate properly.
public html/cgi-bin — Files placed in this (sub)directory will
be viewable on the whole Internet.
CGI Scripts on School’s Web Server
• Use URL:
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The process of installing CGI scripts is similar to that of HTML pages,
except different (sub)directories and URLs are used.
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http://www.cs.cf.ac.uk/User-bin/A.B.Surname
project html/cgi-bin — Files placed in this directory will be
accessible only within the school.
where A.B.Surname is your long email name to reference
scripts from HTML or direct URL.
• Use URL:
http://www.cs.cf.ac.uk/project/A.B.Surname/cgi-bin
where A.B.Surname is your long email name to reference files
from HTML forms or directly.
• Associated HTML files (i.e. ones whose FORM ACTION calls
the CGI script) must still be placed in the project html
directory (one (sub)directory level above.
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17. Setting up cgi-bin (sub)directories
Configuring and Running Individual CGI scripts
Simply place (FTP) the CGI script in the public or
project html/cgi-bin subdirectories.
• cgi-bin (sub)directories should already be created for you.
• You will have register your project and
public html/cgi-bin directory on the School’s Web Server.
• CGI scripts placed here will need their access permission
changed.
– See more information of following slide
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Every CGI script will need to have certain access modes changed.
This can be done from Macintosh (with Fetch) or on UNIX/LINUX
(via Telnet connection).
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CGI scripts have a maximum CPU runtime of 30 secs —
after which they are terminated.
Further information on user and project Web CGI pages at:
• User: http://www.cs.cf.ac.uk/systems/html/451 (Web) or
http://www.cs.cf.ac.uk/systems/pdfs/451.pdf (PDF)
• Project: http://www.cs.cf.ac.uk/systems/html/452 (Web) or
http://www.cs.cf.ac.uk/systems/pdfs/452.pdf (PDF)
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Setting File Access Modes – Fetch FTP Application
Setting File Access Modes – UNIX/LINUX (via Telnet)
To set file access modes from colorgreen Fetch (just before FTP transfer):
To Set CGI file permissions from UNIX:
• Assume we have create the CGI script called test1.pl.
• Select the Set Upload
Permissions... Menu item
from the Remote Menu.
• test1.pl must reside in directory project or
public html/cgi-bin (or copy it there).
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• To change the mode of the script to make it executable and accessible by the Web
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server type (from your top level directory in example below):
chmod +x public_html/cgi-bin/test1.pl
touch public_html/cgi-bin/test1.pl
chmodwww public_html/cgi-bin/test1.pl
• A new window appears.
Click on and set the
Owner and Group read,
write and search/execute
permissions and set the
Everyone search/execute
permission
• If you cd into public html/cgi-bin or
project html/cgi-bin then you need not type full paths
• chmodwww test1.pl may be replaced by
chmod og+w test1.pl
You should now be able to access the script using URL:
http://www.cs.cf.ac.uk/user(project)/A.B.Surname/cgi-bin
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