Bai Gang, CRRC Dalian Institute

1. www.crrcgc.cc
CRRC Dalian Locomotive Research Institute Co., Ltd.
中车大连机车研究所有限公司
A New Journey of CO2 Refrigerant on the
Railway Train Air-conditioning
Gang Bai (白刚）
2019年4月

2. Outline
01
A particularly
environment-
friendly way to
travel
02
Report on the
CO2
refrigerant air-
conditioning
for high-speed
EMUs
developed by
CRRC DLRI
03
Conclusions

3. 1、A particularly environment-friendly way to travel
◆ In 2016, Deutsche Bahn – with support from the German Environment
Ministry (BMUB) – started testing air-conditioning systems operating
without fluorinated refrigerants for uses across their fleet from 2020
onwards.（From DB’s Homepages）
◆ We developed the air-conditioning to make a contribution to climate
goals. These are set not only by the government but also by our
company under DB2020+.” – Martin Hasnik, RNV (DB Regio) (Oct 13,
2017)
◆ In February, Deutsche Bahn (DB) awarded a contract to Spanish
manufacturer Talgo for the supply of 23 new long-distance trains. The
first EUR 550 million order of 23 trains is part of a framework
agreement DB signed with the Spanish manufacturer Talgo for up to
100 multi-system locomotives and passenger wagons. In addition, the
air-conditioners use natural refrigerants.（From Talgo's Homepage）
◆ In 2019 the owner of Porto Tram project in Portugal specified CO2 to
be the air conditioning refrigerant.

4. Outline
01
A particularly
environment-
friendly way to
travel
02
Report on the
CO2
refrigerant air-
conditioning
for high-speed
EMUs
developed by
CRRC DLRI
03
Conclusions

5. 2、Report on the CO2 refrigerant air conditioning for high-speed
EMUs developed by CRRC DLRI
5
CRRC DLRI Belongs to CRRC Group
The CRRC is the world's largest supplier of rail transit equipment with the most complete
product lines and leading technologies. Ranked 318th in the world's top 500 enterprises
(2017), headquatered in Beijing, CRRC has 46 wholly-owned and majority-owned
subsidiaries and more than 170,000 employees.
CRRC DLRI is the First-Tier Subsidiary of CRRC.

6. 6 中国中车股份有限公司 版权所有 2015
2、Report on the CO2 refrigerant air conditioning for high-speed
EMUs developed by CRRC DLRI
⚫ TCMS
⚫ ACU、TCU
⚫ Power
Supplier
⚫ PIS
⚫ CMD、TO
⚫ Internal Standard
Committee
⚫ Information and
Intelligence
⚫ Journals
⚫ Inspection Center
⚫ Loco Fixed Rolling TB
⚫ Diesel Engine TB
⚫ Turbocharger TB
⚫ Heat-Exchange TB
⚫ Transmission TB
⚫ Bearing TB
⚫ Overhaul Serivce
⚫ Diesel Key
Components
⚫ AC&Heat-Exchange
System
⚫ Power Pack
⚫ Transmission System
Eletric Mechanical
Service Test &
Overhaul

7. 7
2、Report on the CO2 refrigerant air conditioning for high-speed
EMUs developed by CRRC DLRI
✓ ISO9000
✓ GB/T24001
✓ ISO14001
✓ GB/T28001
✓ IRIS
✓ EN15085
✓ OHSAS18001
✓ ISO10015
ISO14001
IRIS
Standard
Assessment
ISO10015
OHSAS18001
Budget
Control
KPI
Management

8. 2、Report on the CO2 refrigerant air conditioning for high-speed
EMUs developed by CRRC DLRI
developed by CRRC DLRI
CO2 as a refrigerant advantage and challenge using in the EMUs：
1.CO2 has good safety, chemical stability, nonflammable, low cost of
acquisition, and other advantages that other refrigerants do not
have
2.This technique will bring more mature industrial and public
transportation applications
3.Adoption of CO2 transcritical cycle in air-conditioning refrigeration
systems requires quite complicated and expensive technical
research to achieve
4. Currently the CO2 transcritical cycle is mainly used as a heat pump
and other subcritical applications. Further research is needed for air
conditioning applications.

9. 2、Report on the CO2 refrigerant air conditioning for high-speed
EMUs developed by CRRC DLRI
CRRC Corporation Limited Copy right 2015
Highlights of CRRC-Dalian Institute as the first R&D manufacturer of the
railway transportation air-conditioning system with the use of CO2
1、The first CO2-based railway transportation air-conditioning system
reaching above 40kW cooling capacity worldwide with dual system
2、Motor unit interface size satisfying the interchangeability with the
existing Fuxing EMU air conditioning system
3、High efficiency: COP ≥ 2.3
4、Working capability with full VFD
5、Meet extreme storage condition: storage
at -55°C(-67F)
6、CO2 is a natural refrigerant and has no
footprint on environment
7、Meet applications with speed of 400km/h and above
8、Has the function of air purification

10. 2、Report on the CO2 refrigerant air conditioning for high-speed
EMUs developed by CRRC DLRI
CRRC Corporation Limited Copy right 2015

11. 2、Report on the CO2 refrigerant air conditioning for high-speed
EMUs developed by CRRC DLRI
CRRC Corporation Limited Copy right 2015
The core components of the unit:
Compressor：by comparing the mainstream compressor brands, based
on performance, reliability, weight, COP,efficiency and other indicators
Heat exchanger: the burst pressure of the heat exchanger reaches 3
times the operating pressure
Safety: The system uses 3-stage pressure protection to ensure the
stability and reliability under high pressure.
IHX: installation of the internal heat exchanger
System controller：Self-developed controller for the compatibility with
mainstream vehicle network protocols
Throttling device: Using EXV

12. Outline
01
A particularly
environment-
friendly way to
travel
02
Report on the
CO2
refrigerant air-
conditioning
for high-speed
EMUs
developed by
CRRC DLRI
03
Conclusions

13. 3、Conclusions
CRRC Corporation Limited Copy right 2015
1、The growth potential of CO2–based air conditioners is huge, and new
environmental regulations are rapidly affecting the innovation of the
European railway transportation air conditioner industry: new project
operators in Germany, Spain, Portugal, etc, have designated the use of
the CO2 air conditioning systems.
2、The MAC industry should actively participate in the formulation of
relevant industry standards and regulations.
3、More related trainings are recommended
4、The reversible application of natural refrigerant heat pump will have
more advantages
5、The application of CO2 technology in the car wagon is still gradually
maturing

14. CO2 AC for Vehicle
DLRI can help
Thank you for your attention!
CRRC DaLian Institute Co.,Ltd.