bacterial vaginosis & its causes, signs & symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment 7 complication

1. BACTERIAL
VAGINOSIS
-PELVSIO
WOMEN HEALTH PHYSIO

2. • The overgrowth of certain bacteria in the
vagina leads to BV
• This changes the normal balance of bacteria
in the vagina.
• At any age, bacterial vaginosis can occur. But
it’s most common during reproductive age &
who are all sexually active. It doesn’t spread
from person to person.

3. Vaginal health is maintained by a balanced
vaginal flora. The good bacteria (lactobacilli)
generally kill the bad bacteria (anaerobes).
When there are more anaerobes, then natural
bacteria in the vagina (vaginal flora) are
unbalanced, then it leads to BV.

4. CAUSES:
 Not using contraception during sex such as
a condom,
 Having sex with a new partner,
 Having sex with multiple partners,
 Douching,
 Pregnant,
 Using antibiotics.

5. SIGNS & SYMPTOMS:
 A thin vaginal discharge that is
white/grey,
 Itching around the Vagina,
 Vaginal ache, itchiness, or burning,
 A strong fishy smell, especially after sex,
 Burning when peeing.

6. RISK FACTORS:
 Using certain feminine hygiene products,
 Washing underwear with a strong detergent,
 Using scented soaps
 Using a perfumed bubble bath,
 Bathing in antiseptic liquids water,
 Smoking.

7. COMPLICATIONS:
BV is not harmful, but it can increase the risk of
certain complications,
 Sexually transmitted infections,
 Human papillomavirus (HPV),
 Postsurgical infection,
 Chlamydia,

8.  HIV,
 Preterm delivery,
 Loss of pregnancy,
 The amniotic sac breaks early,
 Postpartum endometritis,
 Chorioamnionitis,
 Tubal factor infertility,
 IVF failure.

9. DIAGNOSIS:
 A thorough history taking about an infection or
STI before,
 Pelvic exam: to check for infection, discharge,
or foul-smelling discharge that has a white or
grey color.
 Vaginal discharge sample test: to check for the
bacterial type.

10.  Whiff test: to check for a fish-like smell of
vaginal discharge.
 Vaginal pH: to check for the acidic nature of the
discharge.

11. PREVENTION & MANAGEMENT:
• Using contraception during sex such as a
condom,
• Avoid perfumed bubble baths,
• Avoid scented soaps & vaginal
deodorants,
• Avoid douching,

12. • Wash underwear in gentle detergents,
• Take antibiotics.