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- 1. Click to add Text Backup and Recovery Topic Six
- 2. Click to add Text How many of you have ever lost work on a computer?
- 3. Click to add Text How often do you back up your work or PC or laptop?
- 4. Threats to ICT Systems • Computer/hardware failure • Deliberate damage • Accidental damage • Theft • Hacking • Fire • Terrorist attack • Natural disasters • Viruses • Software bugs • Power cuts
- 5. Malpractice and Crime • Malpractice – improper, careless or unprofessional conduct • Crime – illegal act, punishable by law, contravention of a law
- 6. Viruses • Main threat from malicious damage • Program that replicates itself and infects computers. • Usually carries with it a payload that causes damage – Annoying messages – Delete programs or data – Use up resources and slow down running
- 7. Viruses • On the internet find out the names and ‘modus operandi’ of three different types of virus. • Viruses take time and resources to get rid of. • Trojans – performs a legitimate task but also has an undesirable function • Worm – keeps replicating itself using more resources up
- 8. Viruses • Spread by –Email (commonly attachments) –Intranet –Shared disks –Banner adverts –Downloads
- 9. Preventing Viruses • Install virus checking software • Do not open emails from unknown sources • Do not open file attachments unless from a known source • Keep software up to date • Have an AUP • Train staff to be aware of problems • Do not allow programs such as games etc • Prevent use of user removable media if possible
- 10. The Importance of Backup • Backup procedures • Copies taken regularly on a routine basis • Copies kept away from the computer system • Copies could be kept in a fireproof safe • Copies preferably kept off site
- 11. Online Backup Services • Advantage is the procedure can be automated • Backup is off site on a separate server • Data is encrypted before sending to prevent security problems • Disadvantage is trust and cost • www.datadepositbox.com/democitytv.asp
- 12. Backup Procedures • Use a different tape/disk each day and rotate them • Make one person responsible • Keep backups safe • Rehearse recovery procedure
- 13. Scheduling Backups • Backing up uses system resources so system will slow down • Backups can be manual or automatically scheduled • Use of ancestral file system (3 generations) • Full backup and partial (transaction) backup
- 14. The Needs of Individuals • Backup strategy –What –When –How –Storage
- 15. What • Types of backup –Full backup –Incremental backup –Differential backup (cumulative) –Continual backup (mirrored disks)
- 16. When • Dependant upon how much data changes and how often it changes • Individuals • Organisations –Systematic –Often in the evening
- 17. How • Wide variety of storage media • Depends upon – Storage capacity – Portability – Speed of data transfer – Speed of access – Requirement to be connected to different devices
- 18. Backup Media • Magnetic tape (cheap and removable) • Magnetic disk (simple) • Optical media (slow transfer rate) • Pen/flash drives (small storage) • Floppy disks – no more!
- 19. Responsibility for Backups • Why is this needed? • Recovery procedures – Alternative accommodation – Availability of staff at short notice to recover backups – Availability of hardware to run backups – Training for staff on recovery procedures – Alternative communication lines
- 20. Continuity of Service • Dual processing • RAID systems • Clustering • Examples of organisations needing continuity of service?
- 21. Homework • Case Study 1 on page 215 of your text book. • Please have ready to hand in first lesson after the half term.