b) the solutes volatilize at different rates in t.pdf

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b) the solutes volatilize at different rates in the injector Solution b) the solutes volatilize at different rates in the injector.

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We are generally omitt the concentration of the solids &the concentration of the solvents from the equilibrium constantexpression. So the omitted substances areI2(s) , BaCO3(s) , Mg(s) , FeO(s) ,H2O(l) (solvent) Solution We are generally omitt the concentration of the solids &the concentration of the solvents from the equilibrium constantexpression. So the omitted substances areI2(s) , BaCO3(s) , Mg(s) , FeO(s) ,H2O(l) (solvent).

We are generally omitt the concentration of the solids &the concentr.pdf

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COVALENT ionic hydrogen bonding .pdf

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The reaction is maintained at a low temperature with slow addition of the HNO3/H2SO4 mixture to ensure that only one NO2 group is substituted into the benzene ring (i.e. mononitration). If the temperature and nitronium ion (NO2+) concentration are too high (from quick addition of HNO3/H2SO4), then the chances of more than one NO2 group substituting into the benzene ring increases. This would give rise to unwanted dinitration products. Solution The reaction is maintained at a low temperature with slow addition of the HNO3/H2SO4 mixture to ensure that only one NO2 group is substituted into the benzene ring (i.e. mononitration). If the temperature and nitronium ion (NO2+) concentration are too high (from quick addition of HNO3/H2SO4), then the chances of more than one NO2 group substituting into the benzene ring increases. This would give rise to unwanted dinitration products..

The reaction is maintained at a low temperature with slow addition o.pdf

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There are two reasons. 1. Presence of natural immunity 2. Immunity to superinfection Bacteria have defense mechanisms to combat phage infection. This comprises of restriction endonuclease system, the enzyme system which modifies the host DNA and specifically recognize and cleave the exogenous DNA. When a phage infects, only its genome is injected into the host cell. The injected DNA is recognized by the host restriction endonuclease system and is cleaved into fragments. The other reason is that immunity to superinfection. If a lysogenic phage infects a host cell, it integrates into genome into the host chromosome. At the same time, it also prevents the host from being infected by another lysogenic phage. The accumulation of cI protein in the host due to the existing prophage prevents infection by other phages. Some other reasons for resistance are lack of a receptor that facilitates the entry of the phage, lack of supporting machinery for the phage replication. Solution There are two reasons. 1. Presence of natural immunity 2. Immunity to superinfection Bacteria have defense mechanisms to combat phage infection. This comprises of restriction endonuclease system, the enzyme system which modifies the host DNA and specifically recognize and cleave the exogenous DNA. When a phage infects, only its genome is injected into the host cell. The injected DNA is recognized by the host restriction endonuclease system and is cleaved into fragments. The other reason is that immunity to superinfection. If a lysogenic phage infects a host cell, it integrates into genome into the host chromosome. At the same time, it also prevents the host from being infected by another lysogenic phage. The accumulation of cI protein in the host due to the existing prophage prevents infection by other phages. Some other reasons for resistance are lack of a receptor that facilitates the entry of the phage, lack of supporting machinery for the phage replication..

There are two reasons.1. Presence of natural immunity2. Immunity.pdf

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The difference between maximization of value of the corporation and profit maximization and return to the shareholder and maximise their wealth is the difference of objectives of living one and non-living legal entity. The firms objective is not only the maximisation of the wealth or return to the Shareholders but creating values in the product is produced, development of the society in which it operates and growth of the persons attached to it like employees, suppliers and customers. On the other hand, it is the Shareholders whose objective to invest in the corporation is mainly to earn return on their investment. The shareholders wants the corporation to earns more and more profits for them every quater. The value of the corporation can be raised by only when the general society would recognises the company and its products and services. The corporation concentrates on the growth and development whereas the Shareholders pay attention to the return or profits. Solution The difference between maximization of value of the corporation and profit maximization and return to the shareholder and maximise their wealth is the difference of objectives of living one and non-living legal entity. The firms objective is not only the maximisation of the wealth or return to the Shareholders but creating values in the product is produced, development of the society in which it operates and growth of the persons attached to it like employees, suppliers and customers. On the other hand, it is the Shareholders whose objective to invest in the corporation is mainly to earn return on their investment. The shareholders wants the corporation to earns more and more profits for them every quater. The value of the corporation can be raised by only when the general society would recognises the company and its products and services. The corporation concentrates on the growth and development whereas the Shareholders pay attention to the return or profits..

The difference between maximization of value of the corporation and .pdf

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The changes between the steady state.SolutionThe changes betwe.pdf

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Spore forming bacteria (prokaryotes) such as Bacillus anthracis can be dormant & survive even for 1000 years under the exposure of ultra-violet rays (the longest UV exposure). This is because of the following properties Bacillus subtilis produce dormant spores by sporulation ate suitable conditions and these spores are called as endospores. These endopores have the capability to survive at extreme temperatures followed by insufficient nutrient availability and their spore DNA is completely resistant to mutagens such as UV light, chemicals. They are also resistant to desiccation and resistant to extreme freezing and chemical disinfectants. Factor-1: These endospores possess very complex diversified structure that can withstand all the possible mutation inducing changes. These possess structural adaptations such as exosporium, hard spore coat and these are acts as very hard complex resistant materials, which can eliminate digesting enzymes such as lysozymes. These endospores possess cortex composed of peptidoglycan and it has a core wall that is present under the cortex and surrounds protoplast. These layers potentially protect spore DNA material. Factor-2: Core material of the spore also possesses calcium dipicolinate that enable stability of chromosomal DNA by protecting it from oxidizing agents. Inside the core material, spore possess DNA and it is covered by specifically small acid-soluble spore proteins an these are similar to chromatin-like proteins and enable in protecting DNA from heat as well as UV radiation inducing mutation. Factor-3: In order to keep the spore dormancy all the spore structural components formed and maintain signal transduction pathways, which further result in elevated activity of the cAMP- dependent protein kinase, triggers rapid encapsulation. Solution Spore forming bacteria (prokaryotes) such as Bacillus anthracis can be dormant & survive even for 1000 years under the exposure of ultra-violet rays (the longest UV exposure). This is because of the following properties Bacillus subtilis produce dormant spores by sporulation ate suitable conditions and these spores are called as endospores. These endopores have the capability to survive at extreme temperatures followed by insufficient nutrient availability and their spore DNA is completely resistant to mutagens such as UV light, chemicals. They are also resistant to desiccation and resistant to extreme freezing and chemical disinfectants. Factor-1: These endospores possess very complex diversified structure that can withstand all the possible mutation inducing changes. These possess structural adaptations such as exosporium, hard spore coat and these are acts as very hard complex resistant materials, which can eliminate digesting enzymes such as lysozymes. These endospores possess cortex composed of peptidoglycan and it has a core wall that is present under the cortex and surrounds protoplast. These layers potentially protect spore DNA material. Factor-2: Core mater.

Spore forming bacteria (prokaryotes) such as Bacillus anthracis can .pdf

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Partnership Firms are taxed at multiple levels : the Corporate Level, which is the taxation for the firm, and individual level, which is the taxation of the individual partners on a one-to-one basis. Solution Partnership Firms are taxed at multiple levels : the Corporate Level, which is the taxation for the firm, and individual level, which is the taxation of the individual partners on a one-to-one basis..

Partnership Firms are taxed at multiple levels the Corporate Level.pdf

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Please give the problem detailsWhat are the solutions being mixed.pdf

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One case of paternity testing has been given in the figure. Four autoradiographs (autorads) that show DNA \"fingerprints\" for three individuals: a mother, her child, and the child\'s alleged father(said father/without proof). Each autorad compares the traits inherited by these three individuals - four traits are looked at, one for each autorad. Presence or absence of different alleles (called DNA fingerprints) has been compared in each case. These alleles (DNA fragments) differ in length from person to person; for this reason they are used as genetic markers. In case I-these alleles are A, B, C and D In case II-E, G and F In case III-H, I, J and K In case IV-L, M, N and O Ans 1 Case Genotype of Mother Genotype of Child Genotype of alleged father I A/D A/C B/C II G/G E/G E/F III I/J I/K H/K IV M/N M/O L/O Ans 2 In each case, child has inherited one copy of allele from mother and one from father so by looking at the genotype of child, contribution from the parents can be predicted (by comparing the genotype of all three persons) Case Genotype of child Allele inherited from mother Allele inherited from father I A/C A C II E/G G E III I/K I K IV M/O M O Ans-3 In each case, we can see that child has inherited one copy of allele from mother and one from father. So by making the comparison, it can be predicted that that the alleged father could be the biological father of this child. Ans 4 The DNA fingerprint assay is also useful in chimerism analysis after liver transplantation. Four percent of donor lymphocytes (transient lymphocytes) are present for up to 3 weeks after transplantation. If the donor lymphocytes persist, they can cause graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), which is an underdiagnosed and often fatal complication that occurs in approximately 1% of cases, usually 2 to 6 weeks after transplantation. The following cases illustrate the utility of the this assay in chimerism analysis. A liver transplant recipient presented with a skin rash 2 weeks after transplant, and a punch biopsy of the skin was obtained. The pathologist noted the presence of a lymphocyte infiltrate in the dermis. Possible causes included a drug reaction, a viral infection, or early GVHD. DNA was extracted from the area of lymphocyte infiltration, and DNA fingerprinting analysis was performed. The results showed that some of the lymphocytes were of donor origin, confirming the diagnosis of early GVHD. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1200713/ Case Genotype of Mother Genotype of Child Genotype of alleged father I A/D A/C B/C II G/G E/G E/F III I/J I/K H/K IV M/N M/O L/O Solution One case of paternity testing has been given in the figure. Four autoradiographs (autorads) that show DNA \"fingerprints\" for three individuals: a mother, her child, and the child\'s alleged father(said father/without proof). Each autorad compares the traits inherited by these three individuals - four traits are looked at, one for each autorad. Presence or absence of different alleles.

One case of paternity testing has been given in the figure. Four aut.pdf

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Answer is D. I (1) will add at the carbonyl rath.pdf

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Nasal cavity( nasal mucosa)-In humans, olfaction occurs when odora.pdf

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Media literacy is the process of evaluating, creating and analyzing the media messages. In today’s world we get a lot of information through different modes of media. Interpretation of messages of the different media is essential. Good skills is required to understand the messages of media. The skills of understanding the messages of different media becomes very essential. Media literacy is the skills and ability to analyze, interpret, and evaluate the messages of media. Media Literacy is very important because of the following reasons. If anyone is non media literate people than they are not able to understand the messages of the media. Even they can’t evaluate and analyze the messages of media because they don’t have media literacy skills. Solution Media literacy is the process of evaluating, creating and analyzing the media messages. In today’s world we get a lot of information through different modes of media. Interpretation of messages of the different media is essential. Good skills is required to understand the messages of media. The skills of understanding the messages of different media becomes very essential. Media literacy is the skills and ability to analyze, interpret, and evaluate the messages of media. Media Literacy is very important because of the following reasons. If anyone is non media literate people than they are not able to understand the messages of the media. Even they can’t evaluate and analyze the messages of media because they don’t have media literacy skills..

Media literacy is the process of evaluating, creating and analyzing .pdf

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In Unix (and some other operating systems) a library is a collection of related object files group together. Libraries can be linked with other libraries and other object files to create executables. To use system calls and library functions in a C program we simply call the appropriate C function. Examples of standard library functions we have met include the higher level I/O functions -- fprintf(), malloc() ... Aritmetic operators, random number generators random(), srandom(), lrand48(), drand48() etc. and basic C types to string conversion are memebers of the stdlib.h standard library. Interprocess communication (IPC) is a set of programming interfaces that allow a programmer to coordinate activities among different program processes that can run concurrently in an operating system. This allows a program to handle many user requests at the same time. Since even a single user request may result in multiple processes running in the operating system on the user\'s behalf, the processes need to communicate with each other. The IPC interfaces make this possible. Each IPC method has its own advantages and limitations so it is not unusual for a single program to use all of the IPC methods. In Unix libraries executable code is there where as using Os level IPC different operating system we will execute the program. In Unix same opereting system program will executed and as comparing with other this is easy that why using Unix libraries. X.Org Implementation on X window system is not posssible. X was specifically designed to be used over network connections rather than on an integral or attached display device. X features network transparency, which means an X program running on a computer somewhere on a network (such as the Internet) can display its user interface on an X server running on some other computer on the network. Solution In Unix (and some other operating systems) a library is a collection of related object files group together. Libraries can be linked with other libraries and other object files to create executables. To use system calls and library functions in a C program we simply call the appropriate C function. Examples of standard library functions we have met include the higher level I/O functions -- fprintf(), malloc() ... Aritmetic operators, random number generators random(), srandom(), lrand48(), drand48() etc. and basic C types to string conversion are memebers of the stdlib.h standard library. Interprocess communication (IPC) is a set of programming interfaces that allow a programmer to coordinate activities among different program processes that can run concurrently in an operating system. This allows a program to handle many user requests at the same time. Since even a single user request may result in multiple processes running in the operating system on the user\'s behalf, the processes need to communicate with each other. The IPC interfaces make this possible. Each IPC method has its own advantages and limitations so .

In Unix (and some other operating systems) a library is a collection.pdf

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It is a bamboo plantFamily PoaceaeGenus Bambusa arundinaceaA.pdf

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i am ready to help youSolutioni am ready to help you.pdf

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a) Fe is oxidized, Cu2+ is reduced fe goes from 0.pdf

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Acid is a subtance which reacts with a base. Definitions of: 1. A Brønsted–Lowry acid is: That which loses/\"donates\" a proton (i.e. a H+) 2. A Brønsted–Lowry base is: That which gains/\"accept\" a proton Now in the reaction HSO + CN HCN + SO HSO3 is losing the H+ thus making it Brønsted–Lowry acid. Meanwhile, CN is gaining a H+ thus making it a Brønsted–Lowry base. Now the 3 types of definintion of acid-base can get confusing so becareful to memorize the different definitions of based on the different acid-base theories. They are: 1. Arrhenius acid-base 2. Brønsted–Lowry acid-base 3. Lewis acid-base Good Luck! Solution Acid is a subtance which reacts with a base. Definitions of: 1. A Brønsted–Lowry acid is: That which loses/\"donates\" a proton (i.e. a H+) 2. A Brønsted–Lowry base is: That which gains/\"accept\" a proton Now in the reaction HSO + CN HCN + SO HSO3 is losing the H+ thus making it Brønsted–Lowry acid. Meanwhile, CN is gaining a H+ thus making it a Brønsted–Lowry base. Now the 3 types of definintion of acid-base can get confusing so becareful to memorize the different definitions of based on the different acid-base theories. They are: 1. Arrhenius acid-base 2. Brønsted–Lowry acid-base 3. Lewis acid-base Good Luck!.

Acid is a subtance which reacts with a base.Definitions of1. A .pdf

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a. The program addresses MDG 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases. b. Combatting HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases such as tuberculosis is vital for improving the overall health in developing countries. Rates of HIV infection can be significantly reduced through education and behaviour change and both malaria and tuberculosis are preventable. Such diseases contribute significantly to disease burden yet can be prevented through cost effective methods (including education, provision of condoms). c. By introducing the use of bed nets into the community, individuals can drastically reduce their risk of malaria to prevent ill health. Early detection and referrals of serious malaria cases to major hospitals ensures that those who are infected are able to access health careto get treatment and restore their health. Bed nets can provide individuals with peace of mind and reduce the stress and anxiety surrounding the possibility of infection from mosquito bites. By reducing the malaria risk posed to individuals, children are more ableto attend school in good health to develop to their full potential and enhance their capabilities. he program is directly increasing access to health care in disadvantaged Bangladeshi communities to improve the health and capacities for human development. Solution a. The program addresses MDG 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases. b. Combatting HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases such as tuberculosis is vital for improving the overall health in developing countries. Rates of HIV infection can be significantly reduced through education and behaviour change and both malaria and tuberculosis are preventable. Such diseases contribute significantly to disease burden yet can be prevented through cost effective methods (including education, provision of condoms). c. By introducing the use of bed nets into the community, individuals can drastically reduce their risk of malaria to prevent ill health. Early detection and referrals of serious malaria cases to major hospitals ensures that those who are infected are able to access health careto get treatment and restore their health. Bed nets can provide individuals with peace of mind and reduce the stress and anxiety surrounding the possibility of infection from mosquito bites. By reducing the malaria risk posed to individuals, children are more ableto attend school in good health to develop to their full potential and enhance their capabilities. he program is directly increasing access to health care in disadvantaged Bangladeshi communities to improve the health and capacities for human development..

a. The program addresses MDG 6 Combat HIVAIDS, Malaria and other d.pdf

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Molecular Orbitals for the N2Molecule The 2s-sigma orbital as a bonding orbital. Note that thereis a build-up of electron density between the nuclei. This orbitalis \"occupied\" by two electrons in the N2 molecule. The2s-sigma star orbital is an \"antibonding\" orbital. This orbital isnot occupied in the ground-state N2 molecule. For thisorbital, not only is there no build-up of electron density betweenthe nuclei, there is a node between them. The 2p-sigma orbital is a bonding orbital which can be approximatedby two 2p orbitals with their electron density lobes pointingtoward each other. This orbital is occupied by two electrons in theground-state N2 molecule. The 2p-sigma star orbital isan antibonding orbital. This orbital is not occupied in theground-state N2 molecule. Note that there is a nodebetween the nuclei. The 2p-pi orbital is a bonding orbital. It is approximately two 2porbitals aligned side-by-side. It has a nodal plane just like patomic orbitals do. There is another 2p-pi orbital that has thesame shape as this one. You can see what it looks like by rotatingthis one by 90 degrees toward you. Both of these orbitals areoccupied in the ground-state N2 molecule. The 2p-pi starorbital is an antibonding orbital. It has a node between the nucleiand a nodal plane containing the nuclei. There is another 2p-pistar orbital with the same shape as this one in the N2molecule. Solution Molecular Orbitals for the N2Molecule The 2s-sigma orbital as a bonding orbital. Note that thereis a build-up of electron density between the nuclei. This orbitalis \"occupied\" by two electrons in the N2 molecule. The2s-sigma star orbital is an \"antibonding\" orbital. This orbital isnot occupied in the ground-state N2 molecule. For thisorbital, not only is there no build-up of electron density betweenthe nuclei, there is a node between them. The 2p-sigma orbital is a bonding orbital which can be approximatedby two 2p orbitals with their electron density lobes pointingtoward each other. This orbital is occupied by two electrons in theground-state N2 molecule. The 2p-sigma star orbital isan antibonding orbital. This orbital is not occupied in theground-state N2 molecule. Note that there is a nodebetween the nuclei. The 2p-pi orbital is a bonding orbital. It is approximately two 2porbitals aligned side-by-side. It has a nodal plane just like patomic orbitals do. There is another 2p-pi orbital that has thesame shape as this one. You can see what it looks like by rotatingthis one by 90 degrees toward you. Both of these orbitals areoccupied in the ground-state N2 molecule. The 2p-pi starorbital is an antibonding orbital. It has a node between the nucleiand a nodal plane containing the nuclei. There is another 2p-pistar orbital with the same shape as this one in the N2molecule..

Molecular Orbitals for the N2Molecule The 2s-sigma orbital as a bo.pdf

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