The objective of any River Information Services system is the safe, efficient and
environment friendly transport of men, materials and machinery in inland waterways,
including canals, lakes and backwaters. Transport should be safe with minimum
injuries, fatalities and accidents. It should efficiently maximise throughput and
effective capacity of waterways and carrying capacity of vessels, reduce travel time
and costs and should efficiently link between transport modes and terminals.
Environment hazards like polluting emissions and oil spills due to illegal actions or
normal operations should be avoided.
The RIS can be categorised into various information levels like fairway
information, tactical and strategic traffic information, traffic and transport logistics
management information, statistical information, calamity abatement information,
tariff information and information for law enforcement. The various services and their
functions are interlinked with multiple users and various levels of operation. Because
of this, information flow is multilevel for multiple users. In RIS systems, the RIS
personnel evaluate the various data and make decisions based on personal
experiences and similar business situations and then disseminate information to
multiple users. Human errors in such a situation can lead to accidents with
catastrophic effects like loss of business, loss of vessels and even loss of lives. In such
situations computerised information processing systems can play a significant role
03-Event Notification in VANET with Traffic Congestion Detection and Congesti...Sivaram P
The document discusses a proposed system using VANET to detect traffic congestion and disseminate events to avoid congestion. The system uses vehicles' on-board units and roadside units to communicate vehicle speed and location data. Roadside units monitor vehicle data to identify congestion based on low speeds. When detected, congestion notifications and information on alternate routes or nearby services are sent to succeeding vehicles via roadside units to help continue their travel. The paper aims to improve travel flow and reduce congestion through this event-driven VANET-based system of congestion detection and notification.
This document summarizes research on analyzing driving safety risks using naturalistic driving data. Key points:
- Researchers analyzed potential crash data from over 6,000 drivers, which included vehicle status, driving environment, road type, weather, and driver details. About 6% of drivers were identified as high-risk and 18% as high/moderate risk.
- Factors found to have a strong relationship with high-risk driving included speed during braking, age, personality traits, and environmental conditions.
- The results indicate that identifying and predicting high-risk drivers could help greatly in developing proactive driver training programs and safety countermeasures.
INNAV - VTMIS
Information Navigation System e Vessel Traffic Management Information System (System Management and Vessel Traffic Information). This is a significant technological advance for our ports, for the VTMIS team the main and busiest terminals in the world.
The VTMIS is an electronic aid to navigation system, able to provide active monitoring of maritime traffic.
The Victoria Harbour was the first in Brazil to hire the system. The Dock Company of the Holy Spirit (Codesa).
This document discusses centralized fault management of docks in marine sensor networks. It proposes a distributed routing algorithm (DRA) and network topology management technique (NTMT) to address issues with existing systems. DRA allows for pre-failure detection of nodes by having nodes send heartbeat messages to neighbors. If a node fails, NTMT selects a replacement node from the smallest affected network partition and coordinates moving related nodes to restore connectivity while maintaining existing links. The techniques are analyzed through simulations which show improvements over previous approaches by enabling pre-failure detection and recovery without significantly increasing path lengths or overhead.
Centralized Fault Management of Docks in Marine Sensor NetworksIOSR Journals
This document discusses centralized fault management of docks in marine sensor networks. It proposes a distributed routing algorithm (DRA) and network topology management technique (NTMT) to address issues with existing systems. DRA allows for pre-failure detection of nodes by having nodes send heartbeat messages to neighbors. If a node fails, NTMT selects a replacement node from the smallest affected network partition and coordinates moving surrounding nodes to maintain connectivity while replacing the failed node. The techniques are analyzed through simulations, which show DRA can detect failures before they occur and NTMT effectively recovers network topology when replacing failed nodes.
This document discusses the digitalization trends transforming the shipping and logistics industry. Key points include:
- Technologies like GPS, smart containers, vessel sensors are improving efficiency by enabling real-time tracking and monitoring of goods and vessel operations.
- Digitalization benefits include optimized transport, reduced waiting times, improved energy efficiency from weather routing and predictive maintenance.
- However, increased data and connectivity also introduce cyber risks if systems are hacked or data is leaked accidentally. Proper security measures are needed to address risks to cargo tracking systems, vessel navigation and more.
- The shipping industry must work closely with software and hardware providers as well as insurers to continuously enhance data security as digitalization increases complexity and exposure to
The information sharing platform for port container terminal logistics using ...Ali Elkhateb
This document proposes a virtual reality-based information sharing platform for container terminal logistics. It discusses how traditional port operation management relies on numerical and diagrammatic formats for information, which can be inefficient. The document then presents a novel logistics information system using virtual reality to enhance efficiency. A case study of this approach being implemented at Tianjin Container Port in China is described to illustrate how the proposed virtual reality-based system can effectively support container terminal operations and logistics processes.
03-Event Notification in VANET with Traffic Congestion Detection and Congesti...Sivaram P
The document discusses a proposed system using VANET to detect traffic congestion and disseminate events to avoid congestion. The system uses vehicles' on-board units and roadside units to communicate vehicle speed and location data. Roadside units monitor vehicle data to identify congestion based on low speeds. When detected, congestion notifications and information on alternate routes or nearby services are sent to succeeding vehicles via roadside units to help continue their travel. The paper aims to improve travel flow and reduce congestion through this event-driven VANET-based system of congestion detection and notification.
This document summarizes research on analyzing driving safety risks using naturalistic driving data. Key points:
- Researchers analyzed potential crash data from over 6,000 drivers, which included vehicle status, driving environment, road type, weather, and driver details. About 6% of drivers were identified as high-risk and 18% as high/moderate risk.
- Factors found to have a strong relationship with high-risk driving included speed during braking, age, personality traits, and environmental conditions.
- The results indicate that identifying and predicting high-risk drivers could help greatly in developing proactive driver training programs and safety countermeasures.
INNAV - VTMIS
Information Navigation System e Vessel Traffic Management Information System (System Management and Vessel Traffic Information). This is a significant technological advance for our ports, for the VTMIS team the main and busiest terminals in the world.
The VTMIS is an electronic aid to navigation system, able to provide active monitoring of maritime traffic.
The Victoria Harbour was the first in Brazil to hire the system. The Dock Company of the Holy Spirit (Codesa).
This document discusses centralized fault management of docks in marine sensor networks. It proposes a distributed routing algorithm (DRA) and network topology management technique (NTMT) to address issues with existing systems. DRA allows for pre-failure detection of nodes by having nodes send heartbeat messages to neighbors. If a node fails, NTMT selects a replacement node from the smallest affected network partition and coordinates moving related nodes to restore connectivity while maintaining existing links. The techniques are analyzed through simulations which show improvements over previous approaches by enabling pre-failure detection and recovery without significantly increasing path lengths or overhead.
Centralized Fault Management of Docks in Marine Sensor NetworksIOSR Journals
This document discusses centralized fault management of docks in marine sensor networks. It proposes a distributed routing algorithm (DRA) and network topology management technique (NTMT) to address issues with existing systems. DRA allows for pre-failure detection of nodes by having nodes send heartbeat messages to neighbors. If a node fails, NTMT selects a replacement node from the smallest affected network partition and coordinates moving surrounding nodes to maintain connectivity while replacing the failed node. The techniques are analyzed through simulations, which show DRA can detect failures before they occur and NTMT effectively recovers network topology when replacing failed nodes.
This document discusses the digitalization trends transforming the shipping and logistics industry. Key points include:
- Technologies like GPS, smart containers, vessel sensors are improving efficiency by enabling real-time tracking and monitoring of goods and vessel operations.
- Digitalization benefits include optimized transport, reduced waiting times, improved energy efficiency from weather routing and predictive maintenance.
- However, increased data and connectivity also introduce cyber risks if systems are hacked or data is leaked accidentally. Proper security measures are needed to address risks to cargo tracking systems, vessel navigation and more.
- The shipping industry must work closely with software and hardware providers as well as insurers to continuously enhance data security as digitalization increases complexity and exposure to
The information sharing platform for port container terminal logistics using ...Ali Elkhateb
This document proposes a virtual reality-based information sharing platform for container terminal logistics. It discusses how traditional port operation management relies on numerical and diagrammatic formats for information, which can be inefficient. The document then presents a novel logistics information system using virtual reality to enhance efficiency. A case study of this approach being implemented at Tianjin Container Port in China is described to illustrate how the proposed virtual reality-based system can effectively support container terminal operations and logistics processes.
The document discusses intelligent transportation systems (ITS) and their potential benefits for India. ITS uses information and communication technologies to improve transportation system efficiency and safety. Rapid economic growth and rising vehicle ownership in India are exacerbating issues like traffic congestion. ITS technologies like electronic toll collection, GPS, and transit information systems could help reduce congestion and travel times while improving the flow of traffic and traveler information. While ITS has benefits, there are also challenges to implementation like high costs and integration difficulties. Widespread adoption of ITS has the potential to boost economic development and quality of life in India by addressing transportation problems.
IRJET- Flood Alerting System through Water Level MeterIRJET Journal
This document describes a flood alerting system that uses sensors to measure water levels in rivers and lakes. A micro-model is designed using a programmable electronic board connected to electrical resistances placed at different heights in a water container. When the water level reaches a resistance, the sensor transmits the information via WiFi to computers and smartphones so users can see the water level. The system aims to provide timely information to residents in low-lying areas about changes in water levels and predict safe water levels to save lives during floods. Experimental tests of the micro-model produced acceptable results.
Facts | The Pan European Transport & Logistics Magazine.pdfVograce
FACTS Magazine covers the entirety of the UK and European fleet and commercial transport market, reporting on the important events, developments and ideas which are driving our industry forward.
Cross Layer based Congestion Free Route Selection in Vehicular Ad Hoc NetworksIJCNCJournal
The document summarizes a research paper that proposes a new routing technique called CFRS-CP for vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) to reduce network congestion. The technique estimates congestion probability at each node based on factors like neighbor density, link quality, MAC overhead, and vehicle velocity. It then uses the estimated probabilities to select the least congested route for data transmission. Simulation results showed the proposed method decreases delay by 32% and improves packet delivery ratio by 30% and throughput by 45% compared to existing protocols.
CROSS LAYER BASED CONGESTION FREE ROUTE SELECTION IN VEHICULAR AD HOC NETWORKSIJCNCJournal
For creating a mobile network, the moving cars consider as nodes in the Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks
(VANETs). Each participating car is turned into a wireless router in the VANETs that allows the
connecting and creating a network. To improve the comfort and safety of driving of automotive users, the
vehicular environment system develops in the vehicular environment systems using the wireless access. The
channel congestion causes the degradation of quality of service in such cases with higher vehicle density.
The real-time and reliable communication is required for various safety applications of VANETs. The
dense traffic network has included one of the major challenges as avoiding the communication channels’
degradation. To provide the network with efficient operation, most of the studies are recommended to use
the appropriate congestion control methods. It’s important to note that many congestion control
mechanisms are not implemented for event-driven real-time safety messages. Based on the congestion
probability approach estimation, CFRS-CP-Congestion free route selection is introduced for minimizing
the total number of data flow packets that passing through the congested nodes. At each node, the
congestion probability is estimated using the proposed technique of CFRS-CP based on link quality, MAC
overhead, neighbour density & vehicle velocity. Then, the estimated congestion probability is used for
route assessment. The estimated probability value is appended to the control packets for comparison. All
the available routes are assessed based on the estimated congestion probability which results in congestion
free routing path for every round of data communication. The simulation results prove that the proposed
method decreases end to end delay by 32% and improves PDR up to 30% and throughput up to 45%
compared to the existing protocols.
Sytem integration for smart paperless ship ijcsis paper format - december 2...Oladokun Sulaiman
This document discusses system integration for a smart paperless ship. It proposes a conceptual design architecture that could prototype a smart ship using paperless technology. The design focuses on building a complete macro control system integration between on-board computers, software, hardware, electrical, mechanical and other systems. This would include a wireless computer network and sensor gateway. The system aims to benefit the environment by reducing paper usage and facilitate activities like loading/unloading cargo and maintenance through connectivity both on the ship and between the ship and shore operations. Potential benefits mentioned include cost reductions, improved efficiency, increased safety and reduced environmental impact.
2Cloud computing threats One of the biggest challenges informa.docxlorainedeserre
2
Cloud computing threats
One of the biggest challenges information security leaders have is being able to effectively communicate the value of their team’s efforts across the organization .Here the ability to accurately report on their organization’s state of security and communicate the benefits of a proactive security effort in a language the rest of the organization can understand. This session will draw from the experience of seasoned CISOs with proven track records in enabling core business objectives by influencing key stakeholders in the organization. These risk and information security leaders will share their advice on how to effectively create and demonstrate security’s value. The security function is often seen as doing security for its own sake, rather than for the benefit of the business, and so misses the point of security entirely which is about managing risk to acceptable levels.
The security function all too often acts in a condescending manner thinking it knows what is best for the business when in fact it is just one of the various functions in which they have the organizations for business decisions. Business executives are far more interested in what is happening with information security than ever, thanks to a plethora of high-profile, very visible breaches and security incidents.
In recent years the level of attention paid to cybersecurity issues by organizations has skyrocketed. Cyber risk is now a board-level concern, and IT security budgets have risen accordingly. Despite the increased attention, it is not clear whether firms have become more sophisticated in how they manage cyber risks. Historically, most firms have made cybersecurity investment decisions by adhering to industry best practices, without necessarily developing a detailed understanding of their overall cyber risk first. Risk management is predicated on risk quantification, and many researchers have attempted to quantify cyber risks using quantitative metrics such as return on investment.
Components
Transportation management centers (TMCs)
Ramp metering
Incident management
Motorist assistance systems
Communications systems
Radio communications
Changeable message signs (CMSs)
1
Transportation management centers
Organization
Combine traffic operations personnel with law enforcement
and dispatch
Locally, joint Caltrans-CHP operation
Functions
Traffic surveillance
Incident management
Data collection
Other FMS functions (e. g. ramp metering, CCTV systems, I-
15 Express Lanes Operation)
2
The San Diego Regional Transportation Management Center
(CHP Border Communications Center)
QUESTION: WHY DO WE NEED TMC?
ANSWER: TRAFFIC
CHP/Caltrans Joint Operation
The CHP is responsible for state highway incident
management and law enforcement, and Caltrans, for
the operation and management of the state highway
system.
Both departments remain permanent and equal
partners in each TM ...
Edge computing for CAVs and VRU protection Carl Jackson
A trial was conducted using edge computing deployed at road intersections to identify risks to vulnerable road users (VRUs) like pedestrians and cyclists. Four use cases were tested involving warning drivers of changing road conditions, reduced speed limits, impending intersection collisions, and detecting VRUs at risk of collision. The trials found that edge computing enabled detecting threats and issuing warnings within 1-2 seconds, significantly faster than cloud-based systems, potentially saving lives. The partners plan to further expand these types of trials to improve safety for VRUs.
The document discusses the concept of a "smart port" and how Internet of Things (IoT) technologies can enable ports to become more efficient and optimized. It provides examples of ports that have implemented IoT solutions, such as the Port of Barcelona which uses sensors and networks to track vehicles and equipment, monitor air quality, and automate processes. The document also discusses how blockchain could be applied to port logistics for secure data sharing. Finally, it argues that smart ports should be considered within the context of the surrounding city and region, with all locations sharing and analyzing data through the IoT to improve operations across the "smart axis" of port, city and region.
This document discusses digital solutions for improving dry port operations. It outlines several reasons for dry port digitalization, including the need for more accurate and timely information sharing. It then describes existing digital solutions that can be applied to cargo handling, infrastructure, traffic, customs, security, maintenance, energy/environment, autonomous vehicles, warehouse robots, and artificial intelligence. Specific examples of digital technologies that can enhance infrastructure, cargo handling, traffic flow, safety, maintenance, and energy efficiency are provided. The document concludes by discussing practical proposals for implementing digital solutions through a regional digital logistics platform and distributed control system.
Prototyping of e-fisherman web server to support Indonesian fishermen’s acti...IAESIJAI
This paper presents a webserver for Indonesian fishermen, to support fishing activities. This is one of the sub-systems of e-Nelayan (in English: e-Fisherman) architecture, which was connected to e-Nelayan Apps; it helps to provide interaction between two users, including the administrators and fishermen. Using hypertext preprocessor (PHP) language, the website was developed to function on an Apache web server, with the adaptation of my structured query language (MySQL) framework for the database. This system was subsequently divided into two parts: (1) the front-end, which is responsible for the accessibility of data collection and (2) the back-end, where administrators update or modify crucial information: price, fishing result, illegal activity report, save our ship! (SOS) potential fish zone, and ship tracking. The administrators are unable to update the real-time weather information for the front-end part. The application was found to record the information obtained from the fishermen through the e-Nelayan apps and meteorology, climatology, and geophysical agency (BMKG in Indonesian). This web system is expected to carry out the following functions: to ensure easier interactions between fishermen and administrators, to enable easy update of information, to promote monitoring and recording of results, and to ensure fishermen’s safety.
The New Route Discovery Technique for Secure Message Delivery in Vehicular Ad...IRJET Journal
This document proposes a new route discovery technique (NRD) for secure message delivery in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). The NRD technique aims to identify reliable nodes and maintain a data routing information (DRI) table containing secure routes between nodes. Each node will apply the NRD technique to discover routes and populate its DRI table. The DRI table will then be used to select optimal paths for inter-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication. Simulation results show the proposed NRD technique reduces message overhead compared to previous methods as the number of vehicles increases from 10 to 30.
Real–Time Intelligent Transportation System based on VANETIRJET Journal
This document proposes a real-time intelligent transportation system based on vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) to minimize traffic congestion. It consists of signal monitoring and control using RFID tags to optimize traffic light timing based on vehicle volume. It also includes path planning through an Android mobile app that recommends routes with minimum traffic based on real-time information collected from vehicles and roadside units. All traffic data is stored on a cloud server. The system aims to reduce traffic problems, travel inconvenience, and accidents through coordinated signal control and optimized routing using VANET communications between vehicles and infrastructure.
Study of Congestion Control Scheme with Decentralized Threshold Function in V...ijtsrd
With the constant increase in vehicular traffic, existing traffic management solutions have become inefficient. Urbanization has led to an increase in traffic jams and accidents in major cities. In order to accommodate the growing needs of transport systems today, there is a need for an Intelligent Transport System. Vehicular Ad hoc Network VANET is a growing technology that assists in Intelligent Transport Systems. VANETs enable communication between vehicles as well as fixed infrastructure called Road Side Units RSU . We propose a distributed, collaborative traffic congestion detection and dissemination system that uses VANET. Each of the driver's smart phones is equipped with a Traffic App which is capable of location detection through Geographic Position based System GPS . This information is relayed to a remote server which detects traffic congestion. Once congestion is confirmed the congestion information is disseminated to the end user phone through RSUs. The Mobile App transmits the location information at periodic intervals. Using the latitude, longitude and the current time, the location of each vehicle is traced. Using location information, the distance moved by the vehicle at a given time is monitored. If the value is below a fixed threshold, congestion is suspected in a particular area. If many vehicles in the same area send similar messages, traffic congestion is confirmed. Once traffic congestion is confirmed, the vehicles approaching the congested area are informed about the traffic through display boards that are available in the nearest RSUs traffic signals . The congestion information is also made available through the Mobile App present in vehicles approaching the congested area. The approaching vehicles may take diversion and alleviate congestion. Anees Khan | Prof. Sarwes Site "Study of Congestion Control Scheme with Decentralized Threshold Function in VANETs" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25324.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/25324/study-of-congestion-control-scheme-with-decentralized-threshold-function-in-vanets/anees-khan
Smart ports: towards a high performance, increased productivity, and a bette...IJECEIAES
Ports are currently competing fiercely for capital and global investments in order to improve revenues, mostly by improving performance and lowering labor costs. Smart ports are a fantastic approach to realize these elements since they integrate information and communication technologies within smart applications, ultimately contributing to port management improvement. This leads to greater performance and lower operational expenses. As a result, several ports in Europe, Asia, Australia, and North America have gone smart. However, there are a lot of critical factors to consider when automating port operations, such as greenhouse gas emissions, which have reached alarming proportions. The purpose of this study is to define the most essential tasks conducted by smart ports, such as the smart ship industry, smart gantry and quayside container cranes, transport automation, smart containers, and energy efficiency. Furthermore, it gives a model of the smart port concept and highlights the critical current technologies on which the ports are based. Each technology’s most significant contributions to its development are noted. This technology is compared to more traditional technologies. It is hoped that this effort would pique the curiosity of fresh researchers in this sector.
Review of Prevention Schemes for Modification Attack in Vehicular Ad hoc Netw...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) technology is the basis of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) connectivity that enables the delivery of useful information to and fro between vehicles in vehicle-to-vehicle communication mode; or between vehicle and infrastructure in vehicle-to-infrastructure mode for safety and comfort. However, due to the openness of the wireless medium used by VANET, the technology is vulnerable to security threats in both communication modes. In this study, the essential background of VANET from architectural point of view and communication types are discussed. Then, the overview of modification attack in VANET is presented. In addition, this paper thoroughly reviews the existing prevention schemes for modification attack in VANET. This review paper reveals that there is still a need for a better and more efficient preventive scheme to address the modification attack in VANET.
Edge computing for CAVs and VRU protectionCarl Jackson
A partnership between the University of Melbourne, Cisco,
Cohda Wireless, TAC, VicRoads and WSP has completed
a round of trials in the AIMES ecosystem (the Australian
Integrated Multimodal EcoSystem), leveraging the
infrastructure for connected and automated vehicles, and
for edge computing.
IRJET- A Survey Paper on Dam ManagementIRJET Journal
This document discusses various approaches to dam management through the use of sensors and IoT technologies. It provides an overview of 16 research papers related to using sensors to monitor water levels, detect cracks and corrosion, control dam gates automatically, and provide early flood detection. The goal of the discussed research is to improve dam safety and water management by automating monitoring and control functions to minimize failures and optimize water distribution. IoT technologies allow data from sensors to be transmitted remotely for analysis and timely decision making by authorities. The surveyed approaches aim to enhance dam safety and efficiency through automated monitoring and control systems.
M Economic Review 37 3&4 People's Bank 2010 Internet A Paradox in Shipping.pdfCINEC Campus
1. The document discusses the paradox that while internet usage has increased in many industries, its usage remains low between shippers and carriers in the shipping industry.
2. It provides evidence that 88% of communication between carriers and customers is done by phone rather than through internet-based options.
3. The document argues that greater use of internet could help reduce costs for shipping companies and customers by streamlining processes like booking and documentation and reducing errors.
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
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The document discusses intelligent transportation systems (ITS) and their potential benefits for India. ITS uses information and communication technologies to improve transportation system efficiency and safety. Rapid economic growth and rising vehicle ownership in India are exacerbating issues like traffic congestion. ITS technologies like electronic toll collection, GPS, and transit information systems could help reduce congestion and travel times while improving the flow of traffic and traveler information. While ITS has benefits, there are also challenges to implementation like high costs and integration difficulties. Widespread adoption of ITS has the potential to boost economic development and quality of life in India by addressing transportation problems.
IRJET- Flood Alerting System through Water Level MeterIRJET Journal
This document describes a flood alerting system that uses sensors to measure water levels in rivers and lakes. A micro-model is designed using a programmable electronic board connected to electrical resistances placed at different heights in a water container. When the water level reaches a resistance, the sensor transmits the information via WiFi to computers and smartphones so users can see the water level. The system aims to provide timely information to residents in low-lying areas about changes in water levels and predict safe water levels to save lives during floods. Experimental tests of the micro-model produced acceptable results.
Facts | The Pan European Transport & Logistics Magazine.pdfVograce
FACTS Magazine covers the entirety of the UK and European fleet and commercial transport market, reporting on the important events, developments and ideas which are driving our industry forward.
Cross Layer based Congestion Free Route Selection in Vehicular Ad Hoc NetworksIJCNCJournal
The document summarizes a research paper that proposes a new routing technique called CFRS-CP for vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) to reduce network congestion. The technique estimates congestion probability at each node based on factors like neighbor density, link quality, MAC overhead, and vehicle velocity. It then uses the estimated probabilities to select the least congested route for data transmission. Simulation results showed the proposed method decreases delay by 32% and improves packet delivery ratio by 30% and throughput by 45% compared to existing protocols.
CROSS LAYER BASED CONGESTION FREE ROUTE SELECTION IN VEHICULAR AD HOC NETWORKSIJCNCJournal
For creating a mobile network, the moving cars consider as nodes in the Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks
(VANETs). Each participating car is turned into a wireless router in the VANETs that allows the
connecting and creating a network. To improve the comfort and safety of driving of automotive users, the
vehicular environment system develops in the vehicular environment systems using the wireless access. The
channel congestion causes the degradation of quality of service in such cases with higher vehicle density.
The real-time and reliable communication is required for various safety applications of VANETs. The
dense traffic network has included one of the major challenges as avoiding the communication channels’
degradation. To provide the network with efficient operation, most of the studies are recommended to use
the appropriate congestion control methods. It’s important to note that many congestion control
mechanisms are not implemented for event-driven real-time safety messages. Based on the congestion
probability approach estimation, CFRS-CP-Congestion free route selection is introduced for minimizing
the total number of data flow packets that passing through the congested nodes. At each node, the
congestion probability is estimated using the proposed technique of CFRS-CP based on link quality, MAC
overhead, neighbour density & vehicle velocity. Then, the estimated congestion probability is used for
route assessment. The estimated probability value is appended to the control packets for comparison. All
the available routes are assessed based on the estimated congestion probability which results in congestion
free routing path for every round of data communication. The simulation results prove that the proposed
method decreases end to end delay by 32% and improves PDR up to 30% and throughput up to 45%
compared to the existing protocols.
Sytem integration for smart paperless ship ijcsis paper format - december 2...Oladokun Sulaiman
This document discusses system integration for a smart paperless ship. It proposes a conceptual design architecture that could prototype a smart ship using paperless technology. The design focuses on building a complete macro control system integration between on-board computers, software, hardware, electrical, mechanical and other systems. This would include a wireless computer network and sensor gateway. The system aims to benefit the environment by reducing paper usage and facilitate activities like loading/unloading cargo and maintenance through connectivity both on the ship and between the ship and shore operations. Potential benefits mentioned include cost reductions, improved efficiency, increased safety and reduced environmental impact.
2Cloud computing threats One of the biggest challenges informa.docxlorainedeserre
2
Cloud computing threats
One of the biggest challenges information security leaders have is being able to effectively communicate the value of their team’s efforts across the organization .Here the ability to accurately report on their organization’s state of security and communicate the benefits of a proactive security effort in a language the rest of the organization can understand. This session will draw from the experience of seasoned CISOs with proven track records in enabling core business objectives by influencing key stakeholders in the organization. These risk and information security leaders will share their advice on how to effectively create and demonstrate security’s value. The security function is often seen as doing security for its own sake, rather than for the benefit of the business, and so misses the point of security entirely which is about managing risk to acceptable levels.
The security function all too often acts in a condescending manner thinking it knows what is best for the business when in fact it is just one of the various functions in which they have the organizations for business decisions. Business executives are far more interested in what is happening with information security than ever, thanks to a plethora of high-profile, very visible breaches and security incidents.
In recent years the level of attention paid to cybersecurity issues by organizations has skyrocketed. Cyber risk is now a board-level concern, and IT security budgets have risen accordingly. Despite the increased attention, it is not clear whether firms have become more sophisticated in how they manage cyber risks. Historically, most firms have made cybersecurity investment decisions by adhering to industry best practices, without necessarily developing a detailed understanding of their overall cyber risk first. Risk management is predicated on risk quantification, and many researchers have attempted to quantify cyber risks using quantitative metrics such as return on investment.
Components
Transportation management centers (TMCs)
Ramp metering
Incident management
Motorist assistance systems
Communications systems
Radio communications
Changeable message signs (CMSs)
1
Transportation management centers
Organization
Combine traffic operations personnel with law enforcement
and dispatch
Locally, joint Caltrans-CHP operation
Functions
Traffic surveillance
Incident management
Data collection
Other FMS functions (e. g. ramp metering, CCTV systems, I-
15 Express Lanes Operation)
2
The San Diego Regional Transportation Management Center
(CHP Border Communications Center)
QUESTION: WHY DO WE NEED TMC?
ANSWER: TRAFFIC
CHP/Caltrans Joint Operation
The CHP is responsible for state highway incident
management and law enforcement, and Caltrans, for
the operation and management of the state highway
system.
Both departments remain permanent and equal
partners in each TM ...
Edge computing for CAVs and VRU protection Carl Jackson
A trial was conducted using edge computing deployed at road intersections to identify risks to vulnerable road users (VRUs) like pedestrians and cyclists. Four use cases were tested involving warning drivers of changing road conditions, reduced speed limits, impending intersection collisions, and detecting VRUs at risk of collision. The trials found that edge computing enabled detecting threats and issuing warnings within 1-2 seconds, significantly faster than cloud-based systems, potentially saving lives. The partners plan to further expand these types of trials to improve safety for VRUs.
The document discusses the concept of a "smart port" and how Internet of Things (IoT) technologies can enable ports to become more efficient and optimized. It provides examples of ports that have implemented IoT solutions, such as the Port of Barcelona which uses sensors and networks to track vehicles and equipment, monitor air quality, and automate processes. The document also discusses how blockchain could be applied to port logistics for secure data sharing. Finally, it argues that smart ports should be considered within the context of the surrounding city and region, with all locations sharing and analyzing data through the IoT to improve operations across the "smart axis" of port, city and region.
This document discusses digital solutions for improving dry port operations. It outlines several reasons for dry port digitalization, including the need for more accurate and timely information sharing. It then describes existing digital solutions that can be applied to cargo handling, infrastructure, traffic, customs, security, maintenance, energy/environment, autonomous vehicles, warehouse robots, and artificial intelligence. Specific examples of digital technologies that can enhance infrastructure, cargo handling, traffic flow, safety, maintenance, and energy efficiency are provided. The document concludes by discussing practical proposals for implementing digital solutions through a regional digital logistics platform and distributed control system.
Prototyping of e-fisherman web server to support Indonesian fishermen’s acti...IAESIJAI
This paper presents a webserver for Indonesian fishermen, to support fishing activities. This is one of the sub-systems of e-Nelayan (in English: e-Fisherman) architecture, which was connected to e-Nelayan Apps; it helps to provide interaction between two users, including the administrators and fishermen. Using hypertext preprocessor (PHP) language, the website was developed to function on an Apache web server, with the adaptation of my structured query language (MySQL) framework for the database. This system was subsequently divided into two parts: (1) the front-end, which is responsible for the accessibility of data collection and (2) the back-end, where administrators update or modify crucial information: price, fishing result, illegal activity report, save our ship! (SOS) potential fish zone, and ship tracking. The administrators are unable to update the real-time weather information for the front-end part. The application was found to record the information obtained from the fishermen through the e-Nelayan apps and meteorology, climatology, and geophysical agency (BMKG in Indonesian). This web system is expected to carry out the following functions: to ensure easier interactions between fishermen and administrators, to enable easy update of information, to promote monitoring and recording of results, and to ensure fishermen’s safety.
The New Route Discovery Technique for Secure Message Delivery in Vehicular Ad...IRJET Journal
This document proposes a new route discovery technique (NRD) for secure message delivery in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). The NRD technique aims to identify reliable nodes and maintain a data routing information (DRI) table containing secure routes between nodes. Each node will apply the NRD technique to discover routes and populate its DRI table. The DRI table will then be used to select optimal paths for inter-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication. Simulation results show the proposed NRD technique reduces message overhead compared to previous methods as the number of vehicles increases from 10 to 30.
Real–Time Intelligent Transportation System based on VANETIRJET Journal
This document proposes a real-time intelligent transportation system based on vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) to minimize traffic congestion. It consists of signal monitoring and control using RFID tags to optimize traffic light timing based on vehicle volume. It also includes path planning through an Android mobile app that recommends routes with minimum traffic based on real-time information collected from vehicles and roadside units. All traffic data is stored on a cloud server. The system aims to reduce traffic problems, travel inconvenience, and accidents through coordinated signal control and optimized routing using VANET communications between vehicles and infrastructure.
Study of Congestion Control Scheme with Decentralized Threshold Function in V...ijtsrd
With the constant increase in vehicular traffic, existing traffic management solutions have become inefficient. Urbanization has led to an increase in traffic jams and accidents in major cities. In order to accommodate the growing needs of transport systems today, there is a need for an Intelligent Transport System. Vehicular Ad hoc Network VANET is a growing technology that assists in Intelligent Transport Systems. VANETs enable communication between vehicles as well as fixed infrastructure called Road Side Units RSU . We propose a distributed, collaborative traffic congestion detection and dissemination system that uses VANET. Each of the driver's smart phones is equipped with a Traffic App which is capable of location detection through Geographic Position based System GPS . This information is relayed to a remote server which detects traffic congestion. Once congestion is confirmed the congestion information is disseminated to the end user phone through RSUs. The Mobile App transmits the location information at periodic intervals. Using the latitude, longitude and the current time, the location of each vehicle is traced. Using location information, the distance moved by the vehicle at a given time is monitored. If the value is below a fixed threshold, congestion is suspected in a particular area. If many vehicles in the same area send similar messages, traffic congestion is confirmed. Once traffic congestion is confirmed, the vehicles approaching the congested area are informed about the traffic through display boards that are available in the nearest RSUs traffic signals . The congestion information is also made available through the Mobile App present in vehicles approaching the congested area. The approaching vehicles may take diversion and alleviate congestion. Anees Khan | Prof. Sarwes Site "Study of Congestion Control Scheme with Decentralized Threshold Function in VANETs" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd25324.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/25324/study-of-congestion-control-scheme-with-decentralized-threshold-function-in-vanets/anees-khan
Smart ports: towards a high performance, increased productivity, and a bette...IJECEIAES
Ports are currently competing fiercely for capital and global investments in order to improve revenues, mostly by improving performance and lowering labor costs. Smart ports are a fantastic approach to realize these elements since they integrate information and communication technologies within smart applications, ultimately contributing to port management improvement. This leads to greater performance and lower operational expenses. As a result, several ports in Europe, Asia, Australia, and North America have gone smart. However, there are a lot of critical factors to consider when automating port operations, such as greenhouse gas emissions, which have reached alarming proportions. The purpose of this study is to define the most essential tasks conducted by smart ports, such as the smart ship industry, smart gantry and quayside container cranes, transport automation, smart containers, and energy efficiency. Furthermore, it gives a model of the smart port concept and highlights the critical current technologies on which the ports are based. Each technology’s most significant contributions to its development are noted. This technology is compared to more traditional technologies. It is hoped that this effort would pique the curiosity of fresh researchers in this sector.
Review of Prevention Schemes for Modification Attack in Vehicular Ad hoc Netw...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) technology is the basis of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) connectivity that enables the delivery of useful information to and fro between vehicles in vehicle-to-vehicle communication mode; or between vehicle and infrastructure in vehicle-to-infrastructure mode for safety and comfort. However, due to the openness of the wireless medium used by VANET, the technology is vulnerable to security threats in both communication modes. In this study, the essential background of VANET from architectural point of view and communication types are discussed. Then, the overview of modification attack in VANET is presented. In addition, this paper thoroughly reviews the existing prevention schemes for modification attack in VANET. This review paper reveals that there is still a need for a better and more efficient preventive scheme to address the modification attack in VANET.
Edge computing for CAVs and VRU protectionCarl Jackson
A partnership between the University of Melbourne, Cisco,
Cohda Wireless, TAC, VicRoads and WSP has completed
a round of trials in the AIMES ecosystem (the Australian
Integrated Multimodal EcoSystem), leveraging the
infrastructure for connected and automated vehicles, and
for edge computing.
IRJET- A Survey Paper on Dam ManagementIRJET Journal
This document discusses various approaches to dam management through the use of sensors and IoT technologies. It provides an overview of 16 research papers related to using sensors to monitor water levels, detect cracks and corrosion, control dam gates automatically, and provide early flood detection. The goal of the discussed research is to improve dam safety and water management by automating monitoring and control functions to minimize failures and optimize water distribution. IoT technologies allow data from sensors to be transmitted remotely for analysis and timely decision making by authorities. The surveyed approaches aim to enhance dam safety and efficiency through automated monitoring and control systems.
M Economic Review 37 3&4 People's Bank 2010 Internet A Paradox in Shipping.pdfCINEC Campus
1. The document discusses the paradox that while internet usage has increased in many industries, its usage remains low between shippers and carriers in the shipping industry.
2. It provides evidence that 88% of communication between carriers and customers is done by phone rather than through internet-based options.
3. The document argues that greater use of internet could help reduce costs for shipping companies and customers by streamlining processes like booking and documentation and reducing errors.
Similar to AUTOMATED ICT SYSTEMS IN INLAND WATERWAYS BY DEVELOPING A MULTIFLOW RIVER INFORMATION SERVICES SYSTEM (20)
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
A STUDY ON THE REASONS FOR TRANSGENDER TO BECOME ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
The study explores the reasons for a transgender to become entrepreneurs. In this study transgender entrepreneur was taken as independent variable and reasons to become as dependent variable. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire containing a five point Likert Scale. The study examined the data of 30 transgender entrepreneurs in Salem Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State, India. Simple Random sampling technique was used. Garrett Ranking Technique (Percentile Position, Mean Scores) was used as the analysis for the present study to identify the top 13 stimulus factors for establishment of trans entrepreneurial venture. Economic advancement of a nation is governed upon the upshot of a resolute entrepreneurial doings. The conception of entrepreneurship has stretched and materialized to the socially deflated uncharted sections of transgender community. Presently transgenders have smashed their stereotypes and are making recent headlines of achievements in various fields of our Indian society. The trans-community is gradually being observed in a new light and has been trying to achieve prospective growth in entrepreneurship. The findings of the research revealed that the optimistic changes are taking place to change affirmative societal outlook of the transgender for entrepreneurial ventureship. It also laid emphasis on other transgenders to renovate their traditional living. The paper also highlights that legislators, supervisory body should endorse an impartial canons and reforms in Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board Association.
BROAD UNEXPOSED SKILLS OF TRANSGENDER ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
Since ages gender difference is always a debatable theme whether caused by nature, evolution or environment. The birth of a transgender is dreadful not only for the child but also for their parents. The pain of living in the wrong physique and treated as second class victimized citizen is outrageous and fully harboured with vicious baseless negative scruples. For so long, social exclusion had perpetuated inequality and deprivation experiencing ingrained malign stigma and besieged victims of crime or violence across their life spans. They are pushed into the murky way of life with a source of eternal disgust, bereft sexual potency and perennial fear. Although they are highly visible but very little is known about them. The common public needs to comprehend the ravaged arrogance on these insensitive souls and assist in integrating them into the mainstream by offering equal opportunity, treat with humanity and respect their dignity. Entrepreneurship in the current age is endorsing the gender fairness movement. Unstable careers and economic inadequacy had inclined one of the gender variant people called Transgender to become entrepreneurs. These tiny budding entrepreneurs resulted in economic transition by means of employment, free from the clutches of stereotype jobs, raised standard of living and handful of financial empowerment. Besides all these inhibitions, they were able to witness a platform for skill set development that ignited them to enter into entrepreneurial domain. This paper epitomizes skill sets involved in trans-entrepreneurs of Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State and is a groundbreaking determination to sightsee various skills incorporated and the impact on entrepreneurship.
DETERMINANTS AFFECTING THE USER'S INTENTION TO USE MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONSIAEME Publication
The banking and financial services industries are experiencing increased technology penetration. Among them, the banking industry has made technological advancements to better serve the general populace. The economy focused on transforming the banking sector's system into a cashless, paperless, and faceless one. The researcher wants to evaluate the user's intention for utilising a mobile banking application. The study also examines the variables affecting the user's behaviour intention when selecting specific applications for financial transactions. The researcher employed a well-structured questionnaire and a descriptive study methodology to gather the respondents' primary data utilising the snowball sampling technique. The study includes variables like performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, enabling circumstances, and perceived risk. Each of the aforementioned variables has a major impact on how users utilise mobile banking applications. The outcome will assist the service provider in comprehending the user's history with mobile banking applications.
ANALYSE THE USER PREDILECTION ON GPAY AND PHONEPE FOR DIGITAL TRANSACTIONSIAEME Publication
Technology upgradation in banking sector took the economy to view that payment mode towards online transactions using mobile applications. This system enabled connectivity between banks, Merchant and user in a convenient mode. there are various applications used for online transactions such as Google pay, Paytm, freecharge, mobikiwi, oxygen, phonepe and so on and it also includes mobile banking applications. The study aimed at evaluating the predilection of the user in adopting digital transaction. The study is descriptive in nature. The researcher used random sample techniques to collect the data. The findings reveal that mobile applications differ with the quality of service rendered by Gpay and Phonepe. The researcher suggest the Phonepe application should focus on implementing the application should be user friendly interface and Gpay on motivating the users to feel the importance of request for money and modes of payments in the application.
VOICE BASED ATM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING ARDUINOIAEME Publication
The prototype of a voice-based ATM for visually impaired using Arduino is to help people who are blind. This uses RFID cards which contain users fingerprint encrypted on it and interacts with the users through voice commands. ATM operates when sensor detects the presence of one person in the cabin. After scanning the RFID card, it will ask to select the mode like –normal or blind. User can select the respective mode through voice input, if blind mode is selected the balance check or cash withdraw can be done through voice input. Normal mode procedure is same as the existing ATM.
IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG...IAEME Publication
There is increasing acceptability of emotional intelligence as a major factor in personality assessment and effective human resource management. Emotional intelligence as the ability to build capacity, empathize, co-operate, motivate and develop others cannot be divorced from both effective performance and human resource management systems. The human person is crucial in defining organizational leadership and fortunes in terms of challenges and opportunities and walking across both multinational and bilateral relationships. The growing complexity of the business world requires a great deal of self-confidence, integrity, communication, conflict and diversity management to keep the global enterprise within the paths of productivity and sustainability. Using the exploratory research design and 255 participants the result of this original study indicates strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence and effective human resource management. The paper offers suggestions on further studies between emotional intelligence and human capital development and recommends for conflict management as an integral part of effective human resource management.
VISUALISING AGING PARENTS & THEIR CLOSE CARERS LIFE JOURNEY IN AGING ECONOMYIAEME Publication
Our life journey, in general, is closely defined by the way we understand the meaning of why we coexist and deal with its challenges. As we develop the "inspiration economy", we could say that nearly all of the challenges we have faced are opportunities that help us to discover the rest of our journey. In this note paper, we explore how being faced with the opportunity of being a close carer for an aging parent with dementia brought intangible discoveries that changed our insight of the meaning of the rest of our life journey.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERFO...IAEME Publication
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aspects of Organizational Culture on the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Health Care Organization at Thanjavur. Organizational Culture and PMS play a crucial role in present-day organizations in achieving their objectives. PMS needs employees’ cooperation to achieve its intended objectives. Employees' cooperation depends upon the organization’s culture. The present study uses exploratory research to examine the relationship between the Organization's culture and the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System. The study uses a Structured Questionnaire to collect the primary data. For this study, Thirty-six non-clinical employees were selected from twelve randomly selected Health Care organizations at Thanjavur. Thirty-two fully completed questionnaires were received.
Living in 21st century in itself reminds all of us the necessity of police and its administration. As more and more we are entering into the modern society and culture, the more we require the services of the so called ‘Khaki Worthy’ men i.e., the police personnel. Whether we talk of Indian police or the other nation’s police, they all have the same recognition as they have in India. But as already mentioned, their services and requirements are different after the like 26th November, 2008 incidents, where they without saving their own lives has sacrificed themselves without any hitch and without caring about their respective family members and wards. In other words, they are like our heroes and mentors who can guide us from the darkness of fear, militancy, corruption and other dark sides of life and so on. Now the question arises, if Gandhi would have been alive today, what would have been his reaction/opinion to the police and its functioning? Would he have some thing different in his mind now what he had been in his mind before the partition or would he be going to start some Satyagraha in the form of some improvement in the functioning of the police administration? Really these questions or rather night mares can come to any one’s mind, when there is too much confusion is prevailing in our minds, when there is too much corruption in the society and when the polices working is also in the questioning because of one or the other case throughout the India. It is matter of great concern that we have to thing over our administration and our practical approach because the police personals are also like us, they are part and parcel of our society and among one of us, so why we all are pin pointing towards them.
A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN SELECTED...IAEME Publication
The goal of this study was to see how talent management affected employee retention in the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The fundamental issue was the difficulty to attract, hire, and retain talented personnel who perform well and the gap between supply and demand of talent acquisition and retaining them within the firms. The study's main goals were to determine the impact of talent management on employee retention in IT companies in Chennai, investigate talent management strategies that IT companies could use to improve talent acquisition, performance management, career planning and formulate retention strategies that the IT firms could use. The respondents were given a structured close-ended questionnaire with the 5 Point Likert Scale as part of the study's quantitative research design. The target population consisted of 289 IT professionals. The questionnaires were distributed and collected by the researcher directly. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to collect and analyse the questionnaire responses. Hypotheses that were formulated for the various areas of the study were tested using a variety of statistical tests. The key findings of the study suggested that talent management had an impact on employee retention. The studies also found that there is a clear link between the implementation of talent management and retention measures. Management should provide enough training and development for employees, clarify job responsibilities, provide adequate remuneration packages, and recognise employees for exceptional performance.
ATTRITION IN THE IT INDUSTRY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LINKING EMOTIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Globally, Millions of dollars were spent by the organizations for employing skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals. It is costly to replace unskilled employees with IT professionals possessing technical skills and competencies that aid in interconnecting the business processes. The organization’s employment tactics were forced to alter by globalization along with technological innovations as they consistently diminish to remain lean, outsource to concentrate on core competencies along with restructuring/reallocate personnel to gather efficiency. As other jobs, organizations or professions have become reasonably more appropriate in a shifting employment landscape, the above alterations trigger both involuntary as well as voluntary turnover. The employee view on jobs is also afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic along with the employee-driven labour market. So, having effective strategies is necessary to tackle the withdrawal rate of employees. By associating Emotional Intelligence (EI) along with Talent Management (TM) in the IT industry, the rise in attrition rate was analyzed in this study. Only 303 respondents were collected out of 350 participants to whom questionnaires were distributed. From the employees of IT organizations located in Bangalore (India), the data were congregated. A simple random sampling methodology was employed to congregate data as of the respondents. Generating the hypothesis along with testing is eventuated. The effect of EI and TM along with regression analysis between TM and EI was analyzed. The outcomes indicated that employee and Organizational Performance (OP) were elevated by effective EI along with TM.
INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A STUD...IAEME Publication
By implementing talent management strategy, organizations would have the option to retain their skilled professionals while additionally working on their overall performance. It is the course of appropriately utilizing the ideal individuals, setting them up for future top positions, exploring and dealing with their performance, and holding them back from leaving the organization. It is employee performance that determines the success of every organization. The firm quickly obtains an upper hand over its rivals in the event that its employees having particular skills that cannot be duplicated by the competitors. Thus, firms are centred on creating successful talent management practices and processes to deal with the unique human resources. Firms are additionally endeavouring to keep their top/key staff since on the off chance that they leave; the whole store of information leaves the firm's hands. The study's objective was to determine the impact of talent management on organizational performance among the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The study recommends that talent management limitedly affects performance. On the off chance that this talent is appropriately management and implemented properly, organizations might benefit as much as possible from their maintained assets to support development and productivity, both monetarily and non-monetarily.
A STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LOANS OF SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS...IAEME Publication
Banking regulations act of India, 1949 defines banking as “acceptance of deposits for the purpose of lending or investment from the public, repayment on demand or otherwise and withdrawable through cheques, drafts order or otherwise”, the major participants of the Indian financial system are commercial banks, the financial institution encompassing term lending institutions. Investments institutions, specialized financial institution and the state level development banks, non banking financial companies (NBFC) and other market intermediaries such has the stock brokers and money lenders are among the oldest of the certain variants of NBFC and the oldest market participants. The asset quality of banks is one of the most important indicators of their financial health. The Indian banking sector has been facing severe problems of increasing Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The NPAs growth directly and indirectly affects the quality of assets and profitability of banks. It also shows the efficiency of banks credit risk management and the recovery effectiveness. NPA do not generate any income, whereas, the bank is required to make provisions for such as assets that why is a double edge weapon. This paper outlines the concept of quality of bank loans of different types like Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of selected public and private sector banks. This study is highlighting problems associated with the role of commercial bank in financing Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME). The overall objective of the research was to assess the effect of the financing provisions existing for the setting up and operations of MSMEs in the country and to generate recommendations for more robust financing mechanisms for successful operation of the MSMEs, in turn understanding the impact of MSME loans on financial institutions due to NPA. There are many research conducted on the topic of Non- Performing Assets (NPA) Management, concerning particular bank, comparative study of public and private banks etc. In this paper the researcher is considering the aggregate data of selected public sector and private sector banks and attempts to compare the NPA of Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of public and private sector banks. The tools used in the study are average and Anova test and variance. The findings reveal that NPA is common problem for both public and private sector banks and is associated with all types of loans either that is housing loans, agriculture loans and loans to SMES. NPAs of both public and private sector banks show the increasing trend. In 2010-11 GNPA of public and private sector were at same level it was 2% but after 2010-11 it increased in many fold and at present there is GNPA in some more than 15%. It shows the dark area of Indian banking sector.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL RELATION OF NYLON/BaSO4 POL...IAEME Publication
An experiment conducted in this study found that BaSO4 changed Nylon 6's mechanical properties. By changing the weight ratios, BaSO4 was used to make Nylon 6. This Researcher looked into how hard Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites are and how well they wear. Experiments were done based on Taguchi design L9. Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites can be tested for their hardness number using a Rockwell hardness testing apparatus. On Nylon/BaSO4, the wear behavior was measured by a wear monitor, pinon-disc friction by varying reinforcement, sliding speed, and sliding distance, and the microstructure of the crack surfaces was observed by SEM. This study provides significant contributions to ultimate strength by increasing BaSO4 content up to 16% in the composites, and sliding speed contributes 72.45% to the wear rate
ROLE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA - PROBLEMS AND ...IAEME Publication
The majority of the population in India lives in villages. The village is the back bone of the country. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Developing the rural economy is one of the key indicators towards a country’s success. Whether it be the need to look after the welfare of the farmers or invest in rural infrastructure, Governments have to ensure that rural development isn’t compromised. The economic development of our country largely depends on the progress of rural areas and the standard of living of rural masses. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Rural entrepreneurship is based on stimulating local entrepreneurial talent and the subsequent growth of indigenous enterprises. It recognizes opportunity in the rural areas and accelerates a unique blend of resources either inside or outside of agriculture. Rural entrepreneurship brings an economic value to the rural sector by creating new methods of production, new markets, new products and generate employment opportunities thereby ensuring continuous rural development. Social Entrepreneurship has the direct and primary objective of serving the society along with the earning profits. So, social entrepreneurship is different from the economic entrepreneurship as its basic objective is not to earn profits but for providing innovative solutions to meet the society needs which are not taken care by majority of the entrepreneurs as they are in the business for profit making as a sole objective. So, the Social Entrepreneurs have the huge growth potential particularly in the developing countries like India where we have huge societal disparities in terms of the financial positions of the population. Still 22 percent of the Indian population is below the poverty line and also there is disparity among the rural & urban population in terms of families living under BPL. 25.7 percent of the rural population & 13.7 percent of the urban population is under BPL which clearly shows the disparity of the poor people in the rural and urban areas. The need to develop social entrepreneurship in agriculture is dictated by a large number of social problems. Such problems include low living standards, unemployment, and social tension. The reasons that led to the emergence of the practice of social entrepreneurship are the above factors. The research problem lays upon disclosing the importance of role of social entrepreneurship in rural development of India. The paper the tendencies of social entrepreneurship in India, to present successful examples of such business for providing recommendations how to improve situation in rural areas in terms of social entrepreneurship development. Indian government has made some steps towards development of social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, and social in- novation, but a lot remains to be improved.
OPTIMAL RECONFIGURATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION RADIAL NETWORK USING HYBRID MET...IAEME Publication
Distribution system is a critical link between the electric power distributor and the consumers. Most of the distribution networks commonly used by the electric utility is the radial distribution network. However in this type of network, it has technical issues such as enormous power losses which affect the quality of the supply. Nowadays, the introduction of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the system help improve and support the voltage profile of the network as well as the performance of the system components through power loss mitigation. In this study network reconfiguration was done using two meta-heuristic algorithms Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSO-GSA) to enhance power quality and voltage profile in the system when simultaneously applied with the DG units. Backward/Forward Sweep Method was used in the load flow analysis and simulated using the MATLAB program. Five cases were considered in the Reconfiguration based on the contribution of DG units. The proposed method was tested using IEEE 33 bus system. Based on the results, there was a voltage profile improvement in the system from 0.9038 p.u. to 0.9594 p.u.. The integration of DG in the network also reduced power losses from 210.98 kW to 69.3963 kW. Simulated results are drawn to show the performance of each case.
APPLICATION OF FRUGAL APPROACH FOR PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT - A CASE STUDY OF...IAEME Publication
Manufacturing industries have witnessed an outburst in productivity. For productivity improvement manufacturing industries are taking various initiatives by using lean tools and techniques. However, in different manufacturing industries, frugal approach is applied in product design and services as a tool for improvement. Frugal approach contributed to prove less is more and seems indirectly contributing to improve productivity. Hence, there is need to understand status of frugal approach application in manufacturing industries. All manufacturing industries are trying hard and putting continuous efforts for competitive existence. For productivity improvements, manufacturing industries are coming up with different effective and efficient solutions in manufacturing processes and operations. To overcome current challenges, manufacturing industries have started using frugal approach in product design and services. For this study, methodology adopted with both primary and secondary sources of data. For primary source interview and observation technique is used and for secondary source review has done based on available literatures in website, printed magazines, manual etc. An attempt has made for understanding application of frugal approach with the study of manufacturing industry project. Manufacturing industry selected for this project study is Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd. This paper will help researcher to find the connections between the two concepts productivity improvement and frugal approach. This paper will help to understand significance of frugal approach for productivity improvement in manufacturing industry. This will also help to understand current scenario of frugal approach in manufacturing industry. In manufacturing industries various process are involved to deliver the final product. In the process of converting input in to output through manufacturing process productivity plays very critical role. Hence this study will help to evolve status of frugal approach in productivity improvement programme. The notion of frugal can be viewed as an approach towards productivity improvement in manufacturing industries.
A MULTIPLE – CHANNEL QUEUING MODELS ON FUZZY ENVIRONMENTIAEME Publication
In this paper, we investigated a queuing model of fuzzy environment-based a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) and study its performance under realistic conditions. It applies a nonagonal fuzzy number to analyse the relevant performance of a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS). Based on the sub interval average ranking method for nonagonal fuzzy number, we convert fuzzy number to crisp one. Numerical results reveal that the efficiency of this method. Intuitively, the fuzzy environment adapts well to a multiple channel queuing models (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) are very well.
Use PyCharm for remote debugging of WSL on a Windo cf5c162d672e4e58b4dde5d797...shadow0702a
This document serves as a comprehensive step-by-step guide on how to effectively use PyCharm for remote debugging of the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) on a local Windows machine. It meticulously outlines several critical steps in the process, starting with the crucial task of enabling permissions, followed by the installation and configuration of WSL.
The guide then proceeds to explain how to set up the SSH service within the WSL environment, an integral part of the process. Alongside this, it also provides detailed instructions on how to modify the inbound rules of the Windows firewall to facilitate the process, ensuring that there are no connectivity issues that could potentially hinder the debugging process.
The document further emphasizes on the importance of checking the connection between the Windows and WSL environments, providing instructions on how to ensure that the connection is optimal and ready for remote debugging.
It also offers an in-depth guide on how to configure the WSL interpreter and files within the PyCharm environment. This is essential for ensuring that the debugging process is set up correctly and that the program can be run effectively within the WSL terminal.
Additionally, the document provides guidance on how to set up breakpoints for debugging, a fundamental aspect of the debugging process which allows the developer to stop the execution of their code at certain points and inspect their program at those stages.
Finally, the document concludes by providing a link to a reference blog. This blog offers additional information and guidance on configuring the remote Python interpreter in PyCharm, providing the reader with a well-rounded understanding of the process.
Home security is of paramount importance in today's world, where we rely more on technology, home
security is crucial. Using technology to make homes safer and easier to control from anywhere is
important. Home security is important for the occupant’s safety. In this paper, we came up with a low cost,
AI based model home security system. The system has a user-friendly interface, allowing users to start
model training and face detection with simple keyboard commands. Our goal is to introduce an innovative
home security system using facial recognition technology. Unlike traditional systems, this system trains
and saves images of friends and family members. The system scans this folder to recognize familiar faces
and provides real-time monitoring. If an unfamiliar face is detected, it promptly sends an email alert,
ensuring a proactive response to potential security threats.
Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAMDivyanshu
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
Supermarket Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
Supermarket management is a stand-alone J2EE using Eclipse Juno program.
This project contains all the necessary required information about maintaining
the supermarket billing system.
The core idea of this project to minimize the paper work and centralize the
data. Here all the communication is taken in secure manner. That is, in this
application the information will be stored in client itself. For further security the
data base is stored in the back-end oracle and so no intruders can access it.
Digital Twins Computer Networking Paper Presentation.pptxaryanpankaj78
A Digital Twin in computer networking is a virtual representation of a physical network, used to simulate, analyze, and optimize network performance and reliability. It leverages real-time data to enhance network management, predict issues, and improve decision-making processes.
Open Channel Flow: fluid flow with a free surfaceIndrajeet sahu
Open Channel Flow: This topic focuses on fluid flow with a free surface, such as in rivers, canals, and drainage ditches. Key concepts include the classification of flow types (steady vs. unsteady, uniform vs. non-uniform), hydraulic radius, flow resistance, Manning's equation, critical flow conditions, and energy and momentum principles. It also covers flow measurement techniques, gradually varied flow analysis, and the design of open channels. Understanding these principles is vital for effective water resource management and engineering applications.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELijaia
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Software Engineering and Project Management - Introduction, Modeling Concepts...Prakhyath Rai
Introduction, Modeling Concepts and Class Modeling: What is Object orientation? What is OO development? OO Themes; Evidence for usefulness of OO development; OO modeling history. Modeling
as Design technique: Modeling, abstraction, The Three models. Class Modeling: Object and Class Concept, Link and associations concepts, Generalization and Inheritance, A sample class model, Navigation of class models, and UML diagrams
Building the Analysis Models: Requirement Analysis, Analysis Model Approaches, Data modeling Concepts, Object Oriented Analysis, Scenario-Based Modeling, Flow-Oriented Modeling, class Based Modeling, Creating a Behavioral Model.
Optimizing Gradle Builds - Gradle DPE Tour Berlin 2024Sinan KOZAK
Sinan from the Delivery Hero mobile infrastructure engineering team shares a deep dive into performance acceleration with Gradle build cache optimizations. Sinan shares their journey into solving complex build-cache problems that affect Gradle builds. By understanding the challenges and solutions found in our journey, we aim to demonstrate the possibilities for faster builds. The case study reveals how overlapping outputs and cache misconfigurations led to significant increases in build times, especially as the project scaled up with numerous modules using Paparazzi tests. The journey from diagnosing to defeating cache issues offers invaluable lessons on maintaining cache integrity without sacrificing functionality.
Blood finder application project report (1).pdfKamal Acharya
Blood Finder is an emergency time app where a user can search for the blood banks as
well as the registered blood donors around Mumbai. This application also provide an
opportunity for the user of this application to become a registered donor for this user have
to enroll for the donor request from the application itself. If the admin wish to make user
a registered donor, with some of the formalities with the organization it can be done.
Specialization of this application is that the user will not have to register on sign-in for
searching the blood banks and blood donors it can be just done by installing the
application to the mobile.
The purpose of making this application is to save the user’s time for searching blood of
needed blood group during the time of the emergency.
This is an android application developed in Java and XML with the connectivity of
SQLite database. This application will provide most of basic functionality required for an
emergency time application. All the details of Blood banks and Blood donors are stored
in the database i.e. SQLite.
This application allowed the user to get all the information regarding blood banks and
blood donors such as Name, Number, Address, Blood Group, rather than searching it on
the different websites and wasting the precious time. This application is effective and
user friendly.
Generative AI Use cases applications solutions and implementation.pdfmahaffeycheryld
Generative AI solutions encompass a range of capabilities from content creation to complex problem-solving across industries. Implementing generative AI involves identifying specific business needs, developing tailored AI models using techniques like GANs and VAEs, and integrating these models into existing workflows. Data quality and continuous model refinement are crucial for effective implementation. Businesses must also consider ethical implications and ensure transparency in AI decision-making. Generative AI's implementation aims to enhance efficiency, creativity, and innovation by leveraging autonomous generation and sophisticated learning algorithms to meet diverse business challenges.
https://www.leewayhertz.com/generative-ai-use-cases-and-applications/
2. K.J. James, Vikas V. Shenoy, M. Bhasi, C.G. Nandakumar
http://www.iaeme.com/IJARET/index.asp 390 editor@iaeme.com
improving safety and security in Inland Water Transport (IWT). Here the human
element is replaced by Automated River Information Services (ARIS) system .Since
the information flow in RIS systems is multilevel and there are multiple users,
complexity of information processing and dissemination is of a higher order. As an
improvement on existing RIS systems, this paper proposes the development of
Automated River Information Services system.
It is an interactive software based system intended to make decisions compiling
useful information from raw data, documents and business models to identify and
solve problems. In this system, human intervention is substituted by an Artificial
Intelligence system which is fully automated, leading to better efficiency and security
of operation. ARIS architecture has been developed and described in this paper. This
software will prove useful in the IWT sector, especially when many countries are
moving towards eco-friendly means of transport, according higher priority for Inland
Water Transportation.
Keywords: River information services system; strategic, dynamic and urgent
information; multilevel and multi flow information, Automated river information
services system
Cite this Article: K.J. James, Vikas V. Shenoy, M. Bhasi, C.G. Nandakumar,
Automated ICT Systems in Inland Waterways by Developing a Multi-flow River
Information Services System, International Journal of Advanced Research in
Engineering and Technology, 10 (2), 2019, pp 389-402.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJARET/issues.asp?JType=IJARET&VType=10&IType=2
1. INTRODUCTION
River Information Services (RIS) can be defined as “the harmonised information services
being provided with the objective of supporting traffic and transport management in inland
waterways including canals, lakes and backwaters, enhancing safety, security, environmental
friendliness and the quality & efficiency of transport services”(1)
. RIS systems depend on
input data and information flow among various stakeholders like waterway authorities,
skippers (personnel manning the vessels), RIS operators, lock and bridge operators, terminal
operators, calamity centre personnel, fleet managers, cargo shippers, consigners, consignees,
freight brokers and supply forwarders. RIS systems are designed for enhancing the safety,
security and efficiency of Inland Water Transport(IWT) operations. Protection of environment
is a major consideration in designing RIS systems.
River transport is not a standalone concept and it has to be part of a transport chain
including other modes like roads, railways and sea & coastal transport, which together form a
multimodal transport system. Inland waterways include rivers, canals, lakes and even ports in
river mouths. RIS systems consist of one or more harmonized information & communication
technology(ICT)systems intended to process information about inland water transport. For
this, human resources, hardware, software, communication means etc. have to be provided at
the RIS center. Command area under an RIS system may include one or more countries since
in many instances rivers flow through different countries and they form the boundary between
countries. Compared to road traffic, accidents are rare in IWT sector, primarily because the
number of vessels plying in the rivers is limited. When more and more vessels start moving in
the waterways, escalation of accident rates is bound to occur, primarily due to human error.
”Accidents do not happen, they are caused due to negligence”- this is the basic concept
behind any safety programme and safety system.
3. Automated ICT Systems in Inland Waterways by Developing a Multi-flow River Information
Services System
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The various services and their functions are interlinked with multiple users and various
levels of information. Because of this, information flow will be multilevel for multiple users.
RIS systems are handled by the operating personnel who compile useful information from
raw data, documents, personal knowledge and business models to identify and solve
problems. Human errors in such situations can be disastrous and costly and even loss of lives
can occur. Environmental issues like pollution because of oil spills, faulty emissions etc. can
also have detrimental effects on environment. In such situations the relevance of Automated
RIS becomes evident wherein the human element is replaced by a computerised information
processing system which may be named as Automated River Information Services (ARIS)
system.
“Modern logistics management requires intensive information exchange between partners
in logistics chain. RIS systems facilitate inland water transport organisation and management.
Through information exchange, transport operation(such as trip schedules and terminal/lock
operation plans) can easily be optimised, providing advantages for inland navigation and
enabling it to be integrated into the intermodal logistics chains”(2)
.
2. INFORMATION FLOW
2.1. Functional decomposition of RIS
Information can be categorised as static, dynamic and urgent information. Information
regarding navigational aids and traffic signs, physical limitations in the fairway like bridges,
locks etc. and navigational rules & regulations are of static nature. Static information has to be
communicated on a scheduled regular basis. Actual meteorological information, present and
probable future water levels based on tidal/weather information at gauges etc., are dynamic in
nature and are time-dependant. Dynamic information has to be communicated on a real-time
basis and require frequent updating. Temporary obstructions in the fairway,
accidents/incidents in the fairway, coordination of assistance of patrol vessels etc. are urgent
in nature. Urgent information has to be communicated immediately to the concerned parties
and authorities.
Functional decomposition of RIS enables the allocation of information supply in response
to user demand. Proper access, assessment, processing and dissemination of information to
various users are multilevel and the process is really complex, since there are multiple
stakeholders. Same function may serve several participants in the transport process. For
example, geography of the navigational area and its updates have to be communicated to the
vessel master, vessel traffic services(VTS) operator, lock/bridge operator, waterways
authority, terminal operator, calamity centre, fleet manager and cargo shipper. Thus, it is
evident that the flow of information is multilevel and it has to be forwarded to multiple
stakeholders.
2.1.1. Fairway information service
Fairway information consists of information regarding the geography of the navigation area,
water depth contours in the navigation fairway, long term and temporary obstructions in the
fairway, navigational aids and traffic signs, meteorological information, restrictions caused by
flood &ice, land slide & rock fill, physical constraints like locks / bridges and their operating
times, navigational rules, regulations & recommendations and rates of waterway
infrastructure charges. Among these, the ones regarding temporary obstructions, restrictions
caused by flood& ice, landslide & rock-fill and malfunctions of aids to navigation fall under
urgent category. Real time meteorological information, present and future water levels at
gauges and state of rivers and canals, locks and bridges in the RIS are of dynamic nature in
4. K.J. James, Vikas V. Shenoy, M. Bhasi, C.G. Nandakumar
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the sense that these are time dependant. All other fairway information can be grouped under
static category.
In comparison to traditional communication systems like radio, telephone etc. recent
developments like smart phones provide smarter options for disseminating fairway
information. As much as possible, fairway information services should be provided as tailor-
made through approved communication modes by a competent authority only. Vessel to
vessel and vessel to shore services should deal exclusively with the safety of personnel and
safety of traffic of vessels. Standard vocabulary should be followed for notice to skippers
because automatic translation to other languages will be required especially when vessels
cross boundaries of different countries with different languages. Electronic navigation charts
(ENC) presenting fairway information should be prepared observing electronic chart display
and information system(ECDIS) standards for information mode.
2.1.2. Traffic information
Traffic information consists of tactical and strategic information. Presentation of own vessel’s
position and presentation of other vessel’s positions are of dynamic nature. They are short
term related and require frequent updating. Tactical traffic information makes use of radar as
well as vessel tracking and tracing systems such as automatic identification systems(AIS).
Strategic traffic information makes use of electronic vessel reporting systems like data base of
vessel’s cargo, voice and data by VHF etc. Strategic traffic information which are medium
and long term related include presentation of fairway information, presentation of vessel
characteristics and presentation of intended destinations which are static in nature.
Presentation of vessel’s position in large surroundings, medium and long term assessment of
traffic situation, presentation of cargo characteristics and organization & regulation of traffic
flow are categorised as dynamic. Presentation of information on accidents/ incidents in the
coverage area is of urgent nature and requires immediate action.
2.1.3. Traffic management
Traffic management is done by vessel traffic services (VTS) centre and emphasis is given to
traffic organization considering the local difficult situations such as narrow fairways, bends,
narrow bridges, faster water currents etc. Presentation of vessel’s position in large
surroundings, monitoring of passing and manoeuvring arrangement, short term assessment of
traffic situations and organisation & regulation of traffic flow in RIS coverage area are of
dynamic nature and has to be updated real -time.
Navigation support consists of nautical support and vessel services support. Nautical
support is provided by tug boats and mooring personnel. Bunker boats, waste oil removal
boats, vessel equipment firms and repair organizations provide vessel services support.
Information to pilots, information to tug boats, information to bunker boats etc. are dynamic in nature
and come under navigational support.
2.1.4. Calamity abatement support
At the beginning of the voyage, the vessel has to be registered at the RIS centre. Transport
data are uploaded and updated during the voyage. In case of accidents, details will be
communicated to the emergency services without delay. The skipper (vessel master) shall
provide the required data. The vessel should be provided with appropriate means of
communication. The vessel’s position and data should be reported while entering and leaving
the RIS area and also at specified reporting points within the RIS area. Any change in data
should be reported. If there are any stoppages for longer periods, report should be sent at the
commencement and end of the stoppage period. These information are of urgent nature.
5. Automated ICT Systems in Inland Waterways by Developing a Multi-flow River Information
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2.1.5. Information for transport logistics
Transport logistics management consists of transport management, intermodal port &terminal
management and cargo & freight management. Transport management deals with information
about provision and presentation of estimated time of arrival (ETA) of vessels, voyage plans,
information on free loading space, performance of contracted transports and terminals,
unusual threats like strikes, fall in water levels, matching transport at terminal performance
with service levels agreed upon and adjustments to methods for voyage plan. Inter modal port
and terminal management deals with actual terminal/port status information on vessels being
loaded and unloaded and required time of arrival(RTA) of these vessels, waiting places and
positions. These are dynamic in nature and will be communicated to the terminal operator,
cargo shipper and vessel master. Planning requires information on ETA of approaching
vessels, medium and long term schedule of terminal processes and medium and long term
RTA of vessels. These are static information to be communicated to terminal operators. Cargo
and fleet management requires information on fleet of vessels and their transport
characteristics and also information on the cargo to be transported. These are dynamic in
nature and will be communicated to the fleet manager and cargo shipper.
Voyage planning is the task of the skipper and the vessel owner .Transport management is
done by freight brokers and transport service quality managers. Port and terminal
management falls under the purview of the vessel masters, terminal operators and cargo
shippers.
2.1.6. Information for law enforcement
Law enforcement ensures that people within a given jurisdiction adhere to the laws of that
jurisdiction. Vessel operators should stick to the laws of the land when national boundaries
have to be crossed and immigration, customs clearance etc. are mandatory. Traffic safety
rules and environmental regulations also have to be attended to. Information for law
enforcement (ILE) deals with cross border management, immigration of personnel, traffic
safety regulations and environment protection rules These information are of static nature.
2.1.7. Statistical information
This type of information regarding freight statistics is generally required for monitoring,
bench marking and future planning. Waterway authorities should note and record the transit
of vessels, type of vessels, capacity, cargo etc. at certain points (locks, ports etc.) of the
waterway in such a way as to conduct future statistical analyses. Electronic data collection
will facilitate the process for data providers and statistical offices. These statistics are of
interest to the waterway authorities, international organisations and companies engaged in
inland navigation for strategic planning and monitoring. These data are time dependant and
hence dynamic in nature
2.1.8. Waterway charges and harbour dues
Waterway charges and harbour dues which are normally static in nature are also informed
through RIS centre. If there are changes in the waterway charges, communication has to be
sent to the affected parties. Pending arrears, if any, may be brought to the notice of the vessel
owner in advance. The main users are vessel masters, lock& bridge operators, waterway
authorities and cargo shippers. The travel data of the ship can be used to automatically
calculate the charges and initiate invoicing, thus facilitating the process for waterway users
and authorities.
2.2. Characteristics of information flow
In the RIS system, data will be provided by the service providers and skippers. These data
will be analysed by the RIS centre personnel who evaluate, asses and process data and decide
6. K.J. James, Vikas V. Shenoy, M. Bhasi, C.G. Nandakumar
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upon the course of action. Then appropriate information has to be communicated to the right
user at the right time and the right place. At this juncture, human element comes into play.
Information provided can have three main deficiencies.
(a) Errors can creep in while communicating the information rendering the message invalid
and useless.
(b) Delay can occur in communicating the plan of action or any other information which can
prove costly/ damaging to the IWT operator.
(c) Insufficient or incomplete information can also hinder the decision making.
All these can lead to the breakdown of the intended objectives/functions of RIS and prove
as hindrances in the smooth functioning of the IWT sector.
RIS supports a number of management tasks in inland shipping. These tasks are related to
the objectives and performed in three different arenas:-
(a)Transport logistics where parties that organise the cargo cooperate with the parties that
organise transport.
(b)Transport where parties that organise the transport cooperate with the parties that execute
the transport
(c)Traffic where parties that execute the transport cooperate with those managing the
resulting vessel traffic.
For each individual task an information processing loop may be drawn. This can be used
to define the RIS functions. The efficiency of execution of a task can be enhanced by using
one or more services. Thus it is evident that the information flow is multi-level and
complicated and there is ample scope for automation in the river information flow.
No international definition of automation levels in inland navigation is currently available.
The Central Commission for Navigation on the Rhine (CCNR) who are the pioneers in
utilising IWT to its fullest extent have in its “Vision 2018 Document” set itself a number of
ambitious objectives for the next five years which will contribute to the sustainable
development in inland navigation in ecological, social and economic terms. It states that
“Quality information services, making use of innovative technologies will be used by the
shipping industry in order to both improve the safety of inland navigation and take more
account of logistics aspects and ecological concerns”(3)
. In January 2018, CCNR proposed
definitions of levels of automation in inland navigation. Technological developments in
automated navigation like drones and autonomous road vehicles have prompted inland
navigation to be more interested in automation, from simple navigational assistance to fully
automated navigation.
As suggested in theabove mentioned vision document, this paper proposes the
development of information flow architecture for an Automated RIS
3. AUTOMATED RIVER INFORMATION SERVICE (ARIS)
ARIS are a specific class of information systems that support organisational decision making
activities in the IWT business. In a conventional RIS centre, the personnel at the centre
compile various data and identify the problems. They have to solve the problems and make
decisions for implementing the solution. In this decision making process errors can creep in,
causing severe damage in the IWT sector. In such a situation, development of an Automated
RIS becomes relevant. A properly designed ARIS is an interactive software based system
intended to make decisions, compiling useful information from raw data, documents and
business models to identify and solve problems. Providing technically feasible and financially
7. Automated ICT Systems in Inland Waterways by Developing a Multi-flow River Information
Services System
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viable practical solutions to management problems in IWT is the basic objective of
developing ARIS.
The main stakeholders interested in developing ARIS are the policy makers, regional
managers, system engineers, service providers and various users. Owners of the vessels and
river authorities are concerned with the safety of transport and they are the policy makers. The
objectives, tasks and the required services are dictated by the policy makers. They discuss the
functions and information needs for providing services along with operating constraints.
Interest of the vessel owners will be in providing transport and logistical information to the
shipper of cargo and also the terminal operators.
Regional managers such as traffic control managers, waterway authorities (managers),
managers of search and rescue operations, vessel owners and cargo shippers define their
requirements. They provide accurate description of the services, local aspects and
man/machine interface. System engineers integrate the hardware and software components
and prepare the system specifications. System integrators, telecom operators and RIS and
vessel tracking system (VTS) suppliers undertake this task. The system components are
combined into complete systems for providing ARIS. Service providers develop, maintain
and operate the ARIS applications aided by the users who provide the main input to the
application themselves and also control the autonomous applications.
The beneficiaries of the ARIS are skippers(vessel masters), RIS operators, lock and bridge
operators, waterway authorities, terminal operators, calamity center personnel, fleet managers,
cargo shippers, consigners, consignees, freight brokers and supply providers. They also
happen to be the people who provide the data which is the main input for the system.
4. „ARIS‟ ARCHITECTURE
In a river information services system, the data providers and users of information are
practically the same group of people like vessel masters, VTS operators, waterway authorities,
terminal operators etc. The data provided by one group becomes information for other
groups. In some situations the data providers themselves become the users. The various
services and their functions are interlinked with multiple users and different levels of
information. When a data provided by the service provider is processed according to the rules
and regulations set by the policy makers and validated by the regional managers, it becomes
information for the users. The users of this information are the very same group that provides
the data and hence it is a closed loop system.
The data provided by the vessel master to the RIS centre regarding estimated time of
arrival (ETA) becomes information for other groups like terminal operator, cargo shipper,
supply forwarder, vessels supply organisations like bunker boats, repair teams and transport
service quality managers. If the vessel has to pass through locks, the lock operator also has to
be informed. If an accident occurs in the waterway, vessel master will inform the RIS centre.
The centre will immediately inform the calamity centre personnel, who are responsible for
calamity abatement activities. The calamity centre informs fire & rescue team, patrol vessels,
police team, etc. for rescue operations. If the vessel has to be towed to a safe position, towing
vessels also have to be informed
Depending upon the criticality of the data, the ARIS centre will have to identify the
groups to which information has to be sent immediately. So also ARIS identifies the groups
for which the information will be useful and relevant; and it will be sent to those groups as
well. Hence the information processing and forwarding is a complex process; it has to be
forwarded to multiple users and the flow will be multilevel.
8. K.J. James, Vikas V. Shenoy, M. Bhasi, C.G. Nandakumar
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The various levels in the ARIS architecture can be grouped into policy makers, regional
managers, system engineers and users & service providers.
4.1. Policy makers
Waterway authorities and organisation of vessel owners have their own policy objectives,
tasks and ideas regarding the services required to achieve the objectives. The prime
requirement of policy makers is to solve the traffic and transport related problems. They
dictate policies and set rules and regulations which have to be validated by the regional
managers. The policy makers want a safe and secure traffic and transport for which they
define the objectives. Once the objectives are defined, the various tasks to be fulfilled are
determined. Waterway authorities, law enforcement authorities, calamity centre personnel etc.
belong to this category. Another category of policy makers are the organisation of ship
owners and fleet operators. The policy makers dictate the services required to achieve their
objectives. Once the required services are defined, various functions and the information
required for accomplishing these functions have to be determined. These functional
requirements will have to satisfy the boundary conditions which may be certain restrictions
during the interaction with other functions and information needs. For example, when rivers
flow through different countries or states, where the rules and regulations are different and
local conditions also differ, they have to be modified according to the local conditions. Thus
localisation and validation of the rules and regulations have to be done by the regional
managers.
4.2. Regional managers
Waterway managers, managers of search and rescue operations, vessel owners and cargo
shippers fall into the category of regional managers. They control the RIS applications. They
are the ones who define the requirements for applications. They are more familiar with the
local aspects and conditions and hence can give accurate descriptions of the services and
functions. Waterway managers, traffic control managers, managers of search and rescue
operations, ship owners and cargo shippers come under the category of regional managers.
They define the requirements to the system engineers and also do the validation and
localisation of the design systems.
4.3. System engineers
System engineers prepare system components which are combined to enable ARIS services.
RIS&VTS suppliers, system integrators and telecom operators combine the system
components and develop the programme for information processing and enable the ARIS.
Thus ARIS will control autonomous applications and enable the services. They prepare the
system specifications and integrate hardware and software components into system
components.
4.4. Service providers and users
Service providers along with the users feed data to the ARIS. Appropriate data is chosen,
processed and automatically forwarded to the targeted user for taking necessary precaution
and monitoring followed by corrective action. With proper programming and coding, ARIS
can be designed to handle all possible scenarios and provide appropriate information to the
user thereby minimising the error that would have crept in, had this been handled by the
operating personnel. Thus ARIS provides reliable and relevant information for the users.
9. Automated ICT Systems in Inland Waterways by Developing a Multi-flow River Information
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Under the service providers category the following groups may be listed:-VTS operators,
Lock and bridge operators, Waterway authorities, Terminal operators and Calamity centre
personnel
Under the users category the following personnel may be listed:- Vessel masters, Fleet
managers, Cargo shippers, Vessel supplies organisers, Bunker suppliers, Repair parties,
Freight brokers and Transport service quality managers
ARIS Architecture- Flow Chart
pp policies policies policies
feedback
dictate policies
fine Requiremen validation &localisation validation& localization
define requirements
feedback
design systems
data supplied by users & service providers information to the users
Vessel masters Calamity centre personnel Users
& service
providers
Vessel’s supply
organizations
VTS operators Fleet managers Bunker organizations
L/B operators Cargo shippers Repair organizations
Waterway authorities Freight brokers Transport service quality
managers
Terminal operators Supply forwarders Law enforcement
authorities
Figure 1 ARIS architecture- flow chart
Water way authorities
Lock& bridge operators
Terminal operators
Calamity center personnel
Ship owners association
Fleet managers
Law enforcement authorities
PolicyMakers
Regional
Managers
ARIS
Waterway managers
Traffic control managers
Managers of search &
rescue operations
System Engineers
Ship owners
Cargo shippers
10. K.J. James, Vikas V. Shenoy, M. Bhasi, C.G. Nandakumar
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5. FUNCTIONAL OBJECTIVES OF ARIS
The objective of any RIS system is the safe, efficient and environment friendly transport of
men materials and machinery in inland waterways. These are the goals to be achieved by any
efficient RIS system.“The three main objectives may be stated as safety, efficiency and
environment friendliness”(4)
.
5.1. Functions of ARIS
The functions of the ARIS may be classified as information flow, traffic control, vessel health
certification, operational health certification and green health certification.
5.1.1. Information flow
In the inland water transport sector, there is a lot of complex information flow among multiple
service providers and users. This leads to complicated information networking systems. When
this is handled manually, there will be ambiguity and possibility of human error. Hence this
paper suggests a model of developing an ARIS system to handle complex information
systems by collecting data from various service providers and users and processing it to
provide information to multiple agencies depending upon the traffic situation.
5.1.2. Traffic control
Information regarding the traffic situation may be provided as tactical traffic information and
strategic traffic information. Tactical traffic information are short term related and decisions
have to be of urgent nature. Presentation of own vessels position and presentation of other
vessels position relative to own vessel have to be communicated among the ship master, VTS
operator, and lock/ bridge operator so that traffic decisions can be taken on an urgent basis.
Strategic traffic information are medium and long term related. Presentation of fairway
information, vessels position in large surroundings, medium and long term assessment of
traffic situation, vessels characteristics, cargo characteristics, intended destination,
information on incidents/ accidents in the coverage area and organisation ®ulation of
traffic flow are to be communicated among various stake holders. ARIS can perform the
traffic control function very effectively without human intervention.
5.1.3. Vessel health certification
Certification regarding the seaworthiness of the vessel is mandatory in all countries. “Vessels
have to be surveyed before they are put into service. Also periodical survey once in every
twelve months is mandatory. Additional surveys as occasions demand have also to be done.
Dry-docking has to be conducted every twenty-four months”(5)
. Based on the dimensions of
the vessel and the power of the propulsion system, vessels will be categorised as class A and
class B vessels. Renewal of certification also has to be done periodically to assess the safety
and seaworthiness of the vessels. These data have to be communicated to the ARIS centre
while registering with the ARIS.
5.1.4. Operational health certification
As per the Inland Vessels Certification Rules applicable to the particular region, vessels have
to be operated by certified personnel only. Certificate of competency and certificate of service
have to be issued by the statutory authorities. Operation of the vessel by uncertified,
inexperienced and incompetent personnel will lead to accidents and chaos in the IWT sector.
This has to be avoided at any cost. Depending upon the class of the vessel and the carrying
capacity, the vessels should have appropriately certified operating personnel on board. Age,
qualification and certification of the operating crew like first-class master`s certificate, second
class master`s certificate, serang`s certificate, lasker`s certificate, first class engine driver`s
certificate, second class engine driver`s certificate and serang-cum-driver`s certificate will be
prescribed by the competent authority. ARIS can ascertain that the operating personnel are
11. Automated ICT Systems in Inland Waterways by Developing a Multi-flow River Information
Services System
http://www.iaeme.com/IJARET/index.asp 399 editor@iaeme.com
having appropriate qualifications and certification and that the vessel can operate smoothly in
its area of control. Thus the operational health of the vessel may be ascertained with the help
of ARIS. Thus the operational health of vessels can be monitored regularly
5.1.5. Green health certification
Air pollution due to IWT had not been of much concern in the last decades. However “the
undisputed competitive position of IWT in the field of emissions when compared with road
transport is increasingly contested. The gap regarding emissions to air between road transport
and IWT is rapidly becoming smaller. In contrast to road haulage sector, the emission
standards for new engines are much less stringent and the average life time of engines in
inland vessels is very long”(6)
. When more and more vessels start operating in the inland
waterways, pollution problems are bound to increase. ARIS aids in continuous and regular
monitoring of pollution norms. By enforcing stricter norms the emissions from the engines
can be reduced. .ARIS also provides for continuous monitoring while carrying dangerous
cargoes.
5.2. Advantages of ARIS
The main beneficiaries of ARIS are the service providers and users. Benefits accruing from
implementation of ARIS for service providers and users may be stated as follows:
5.2.1. Service providers.
5.2.1.1. VTS operators
VTS operators are the key personnel in ensuring the safety of navigation in difficult local
situations and providing protection for the surrounding human population and infrastructure
from potential dangers of shipping. ARIS provides for improved safety and protection by
reducing the element of human intervention in the decision making process. In situations like
narrow fairways and shoals, narrow bends, narrow and many bridges, faster water currents
and cross currents, conjunctions of fairways and fairways with traffic regulations, ARIS plays
a prominent and innovative role. This is especially true in a futuristic situation where a higher
density of inland water transport is anticipated.
5.2.1.2. Lock and bridge operators
Lock and bridge planning is to be supported with a vessel tracking and tracing system with a
data base and suitable means of communication. The ARIS can optimise the traffic flow by
supporting the lock and bridge management in short term decisions for planning of the lock
and bridge cycle by presentation of an electronic lock diary, by a database and by registration
of waiting times. By exchanging data with neighbouring locks and transmission of waiting
times to the shippers, the lock operator and skipper are benefited. Also by calculating the ETA
and Required Time of Arrival (RTA) of various vessels for a chain of locks and transmitting
RTA to the shippers, the operation of locks and bridges can be optimised.
5.2.1.3. Waterway authorities
Waterway authorities should be provided with details regarding fairway information, strategic
traffic information, information on medium and long term schedule of lock and bridge
operations, calamity abatement support and also information for law enforcement, statistics,
and waterway charges & harbour dues. ARIS improves the efficiency of operation by
automation of the data processing and information services.
5.2.1.4. Terminal operators
The terminal operators should be provided with data regarding water depth contours in the
navigational channel, details of vessels characteristics and cargo details, intended destination
etc. For port and terminal planning ETA of approaching vessels, medium and long term
12. K.J. James, Vikas V. Shenoy, M. Bhasi, C.G. Nandakumar
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schedule of terminal processes and medium and long term RTA of vessels have to be
provided by the ARIS. Also intermodal port and terminal management, presentation of
vessels waiting, vessels being loaded and unloaded, actual status of terminal process, RTA of
vessels, waiting places and positions have to be forwarded to the ARIS. All these interactive
functions can be successfully accomplished by employing ARIS.
5.2.1.5. Calamity centre personnel
These personnel are the ones to provide calamity abatement support. Accidents usually occur
because of human error. Information on incidents focussed on traffic situation, assessment of
traffic situation in such cases, coordinating assistance of patrol vessels etc. have to be done by
the ARIS. Assessment of possible effects of the accident on environment, people and traffic,
presentation of information to patrol vessels, police boats and fire squad boats are done in a
more efficient manner with the implementation of ARIS. Initiation and coordination of search
and rescue operations, taking measures on traffic control and environmental and people
protection can also be better accomplished with the implementation of ARIS. Once the
calamity is over and no further action is required, all the contacted people have to be
informed.
5.2.2. Users of ARIS
5.2.2.1. Vessel masters
Tactical and strategic traffic information like vessels position, traffic situation, vessels
characteristics and cargo characteristics have to be communicated to the ARIS centre by the
vessel master.
Fairway information like geography of the navigational area and its updates, water depth
in the navigation channel, navigation aids and traffic signs, bridges, temporary and long term
obstructions in the fairway, water levels at gauges, meteorological information, flooding &
ice, lock/bridge operating timings, navigation rules and regulations and rates of waterway
infrastructure charges have to be communicated to the vessel master by ARIS. Navigational
support, lock and bridge operation ,medium and long term RTA of vessels, information on
incidents focussed on traffic situation, initiation and coordination of search and rescue
operations are organised ina more efficient manner with the implementation of ARIS.
Information for transport management and transport logistics also are in the purview of ARIS.
Presentation of RTA of vessels, waiting places and positions, medium and long term RTA of
vessels etc. are to be provided by the ARIS. Again, waterway charges and harbour dues have
to be calculated and communicated to the vessel master. All these activities can be efficiently
organised with ARIS thereby improving the overall performance of IWT.
5.2.2.2. Fleet managers
Fleet managers are to be provided with fairway information like geography of the
navigational area and its updates, water depth contours in the navigational channel, present
and probable water levels at gauges, restrictions caused by ice & floods, regular lock/bridge
operating times, physical limitations like locks & bridges, navigational rules & regulations
and rates of waterway infrastructure charges. Also information to auxiliary service providers
like bunker boats, water barges waste oil removal boats etc. can be better serviced by ARIS.
Synchronisation of these activities will be better accomplished by the ARIS.
Traffic information like presentation of vessels positions in large surroundings,
characteristics of the vessel and the cargo characteristics are to be provided by the fleet
manager to the ARIS. Information for transport logistics like voyage planning, information on
fleet of vessels and their transport characteristics and details regarding the cargo to be
transported have to be communicated to the ARIS.
13. Automated ICT Systems in Inland Waterways by Developing a Multi-flow River Information
Services System
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Thus ARIS will improve the performance of the system and will be of great help to the
fleet managers.
5.2.2.3. Cargo shippers
Cargo shippers are the ones who generate revenue for the IWT operations. They have to be
informed regarding fairway geography of the navigational area, water depths, restrictions in
the waterways, lock and bridge operating timings, rates of infrastructure charges etc., by
ARIS .
Information on intended destination, RTA at final destination, type of cargo, details for
transport logistics, transport management, intermodal port and terminal management, cargo
fleet management and details regarding vessel characteristics and cargo characteristics have to
be informed to the ARIS by the cargo shipper. All these functions can be accomplished faster
and more efficiently with ARIS
5.2.2.4. Vessel supplies organisations
Supply vessels like bunker barges and water barges are an integral part of the IWT process.
Required information regarding ETA and RTA of vessels have to be provided to these
organisations so that they will be in place at the right time. ARIS can provide accurate
information to these organisations ina fast and more efficient manner.
5.2.2.5. Bunker suppliers
Sufficient bunkers have to be carried on board for the proposed voyage. Carrying more fuel
will reduce payload. Information regarding the required quantity and the location at which it
is available has to be informed to the shipmaster and fleet manager. This service becomes
more efficient with the implementation of ARIS.
5.2.2.6. Repair parties
Docking for repairs entails opportunity costs in addition to repair charges. If some of the
repairs could be done during voyage, it will be advantageous. Planning for such repairs is
better coordinated with ARIS.
5.2.2.7. Freight brokers
Freight brokers are the market makers for the entire IWT operations. They know where the
cargo is available and where the markets are. This database forms the backbone of the whole
trade. Information provided by the ARIS will be greatly useful for these people and
organisation of cargo can be done more efficiently.
5.2.2.8. Transport service quality managers
These people do the transport management by controlling overall performance of the
contracted fleet managers and skippers and terminal operators. They control the progress of
the contracted transports. Monitoring unexpected threats for the reliability of these transports
and finalising these transports (invoicing and delivery)are the tasks of these managers. ARIS
will definitely improve the performance of these people by providing them with right
information at the right time.
6. CONCLUSIONS
In the inland water transport sector, there is a lot of complex information flow among multiple
service providers and users. This leads to complicated information networking systems. When
this is handled manually, there will be ambiguity and possibility of human error. This paper
suggests a model of developing an ARIS system to handle complex information systems by
collecting data from various service providers and users and processing it to provide
information to multiple agencies depending upon the traffic situation. The functions of ARIS
14. K.J. James, Vikas V. Shenoy, M. Bhasi, C.G. Nandakumar
http://www.iaeme.com/IJARET/index.asp 402 editor@iaeme.com
are defined as information flow, traffic control, vessel health certification, operational health
certification and green health certification.
The entire operation of collecting static, dynamic and urgent information from various
sources, processing and communicating the required output at the appropriate time to multiple
users is a complex process. It is observed that information processing using AI systems
increases the efficiency of the entire operations. The proposed ARIS is developed by
modifying the existing RIS systems.
ARIS architecture has been proposed defining logical information flow among various
stake holders. The policy makers and regional managers have been identified for the
development of the rules of the ARIS and their duties and responsibilities have been defined.
Benefits of implementing ARIS for the various stakeholders have been enumerated. The
software developed will prove useful in the IWT sector especially when more countries are
moving to this eco-friendly mode of transport and giving higher priority for IWT.
REFERENCES
[1] European Commission- Directorate General for Mobility and Transport- Transport
research knowledge centre-Modernising inland shipping through advanced information
technologies- River information services - Multiannual call 2010- May 2010.
[2] RIS in EU- European Commission- Directorate General for Energy and Transport- As
policy implementation flows from research- Nov.2005; pp. 4.
[3] CCNR Vision 2018 document for sustainable inland navigation- safety and reliability
http://www.inland-navigation.org/observatory/legal-framework/applicable-rules-for-
inland-navigation.
[4] UN Economic Commission for Europe- Inland transport committee- Geneva-Guidelines
and recommendations for RIS- Resolution no-57.
[5] Government of Kerala -Shipping and Inland Navigation Department -Kerala Inland
Vessels rules -2010.
[6] European Commission- Directorate General for Transport - Panteia Research to Progress-
Contribution to impact assessment of measures for reducing emissions of inland
navigation: - June 10, 2013; pp. 2.