Austin Hepatology
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Austin Hepatology is an open access, peer reviewed, scholarly journal dedicated to publish articles covering all areas of Hepatology. The journal aims to promote research communications and provide a forum for doctors, researchers, physicians and healthcare professionals to find most recent advances in all areas of Hepatology. Austin Hepatology accepts original research articles, reviews, mini reviews, case reports and rapid communication covering all aspects of hepatology. Austin Hepatology strongly supports the scientific up gradation and fortification in related scientific research community by enhancing access to peer reviewed scientific literary works. Austin Publishing Group also brings universally peer reviewed journals under one roof thereby promoting knowledge sharing, mutual promotion of multidisciplinary science.
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Complication of cirrhosis
Complications of cirrhosis include ascites, which can be treated with salt restriction, diuretics, and paracentesis. Esophageal variceal bleeding is treated with nonselective beta blockers or TIPS. Hepatic encephalopathy was thought to be worsened by high-protein foods but studies show this is incorrect. Hepatorenal syndrome is defined as renal failure with low urine sodium and high serum creatinine in cirrhosis patients. People with ascites due to cirrhosis are at risk for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Cirrhosis can also cause portal hypertensive gastropathy, immune dysfunction leading to infection, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Liver cirrhosis
Liver cirrhosis is a chronic, progressive disease characterized by widespread fibrosis and scarring of the liver that results in loss of liver function. It is caused by chronic liver injury from conditions such as hepatitis, alcohol abuse, or other chronic liver diseases. As cirrhosis progresses, it leads to hepatic insufficiency, portal hypertension, and other complications such as ascites, variceal bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy, and eventual liver failure. Treatment focuses on managing complications, slowing disease progression, and preventing further liver damage.
Liver Cirrhosis
Etiology, Pathology and presentation of Cirrhosis of live. signs and symptoms and complication of the disease. Its a basic level Presentation on this given topic to have an idea about the Cirrhosis of Liver.
Cirrhosis Of Liver
This document discusses cirrhosis of the liver, including causes, histological types, clinical features, complications, investigations, management, and prognosis. Cirrhosis results in prolonged morbidity and premature death. Common causes include alcohol, viral hepatitis, and genetic conditions. Complications include portal hypertension, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Management involves treating the underlying cause, managing complications, and liver transplantation in severe cases. Prognosis depends on liver function, with 50% surviving 5 years if function is good.
liver Cirrhosis
Cirrhosis is a chronic, progressive disease of the liver caused by extensive liver cell damage and regeneration. It results in the formation of fibrous scar tissue and loss of normal liver architecture. Common causes include alcohol abuse and viral hepatitis. Complications arise due to liver dysfunction and portal hypertension, such as jaundice, ascites, variceal bleeding, and hepatic encephalopathy. Treatment focuses on managing complications, dietary changes, and medication to reduce ammonia levels and symptoms.
Salla disease
A 3 month old child presented with neonatal hepatitis and ascites. Initial tests showed liver damage and worsening liver function. Further testing found very high levels of sialic acid in the urine, suggesting Salla disease. Salla disease is a rare lysosomal storage disorder caused by a defect in sialic acid metabolism, characterized by ascites and liver involvement. The child was treated supportively but died from complications within two weeks.
Acute pancreatitis
Acute pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas that ranges from mild to severe, life-threatening disease. The most common causes are gallstones and alcohol abuse. Clinical features include severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, fever, and tenderness. Investigations show elevated pancreatic enzymes and imaging may reveal complications. Severity is assessed using Ranson, APACHE II, or Balthazar scores and influences management, which involves IV fluids, bowel rest, pain control, infection prevention, and sometimes surgery.
Cirrhosis of Liver
Cirrhosis is a late stage of scarring (fibrosis) of the liver caused by many forms of liver diseases and conditions, such as hepatitis and chronic alcoholism. ... As cirrhosis progresses, more and more scar tissue forms, making it difficult for the liver to function (decompensated cirrhosis)
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Complication of cirrhosis
Complications of cirrhosis include ascites, which can be treated with salt restriction, diuretics, and paracentesis. Esophageal variceal bleeding is treated with nonselective beta blockers or TIPS. Hepatic encephalopathy was thought to be worsened by high-protein foods but studies show this is incorrect. Hepatorenal syndrome is defined as renal failure with low urine sodium and high serum creatinine in cirrhosis patients. People with ascites due to cirrhosis are at risk for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Cirrhosis can also cause portal hypertensive gastropathy, immune dysfunction leading to infection, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Liver cirrhosis
Liver cirrhosis is a chronic, progressive disease characterized by widespread fibrosis and scarring of the liver that results in loss of liver function. It is caused by chronic liver injury from conditions such as hepatitis, alcohol abuse, or other chronic liver diseases. As cirrhosis progresses, it leads to hepatic insufficiency, portal hypertension, and other complications such as ascites, variceal bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy, and eventual liver failure. Treatment focuses on managing complications, slowing disease progression, and preventing further liver damage.
Liver Cirrhosis
Etiology, Pathology and presentation of Cirrhosis of live. signs and symptoms and complication of the disease. Its a basic level Presentation on this given topic to have an idea about the Cirrhosis of Liver.
Cirrhosis Of Liver
This document discusses cirrhosis of the liver, including causes, histological types, clinical features, complications, investigations, management, and prognosis. Cirrhosis results in prolonged morbidity and premature death. Common causes include alcohol, viral hepatitis, and genetic conditions. Complications include portal hypertension, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Management involves treating the underlying cause, managing complications, and liver transplantation in severe cases. Prognosis depends on liver function, with 50% surviving 5 years if function is good.
liver Cirrhosis
Cirrhosis is a chronic, progressive disease of the liver caused by extensive liver cell damage and regeneration. It results in the formation of fibrous scar tissue and loss of normal liver architecture. Common causes include alcohol abuse and viral hepatitis. Complications arise due to liver dysfunction and portal hypertension, such as jaundice, ascites, variceal bleeding, and hepatic encephalopathy. Treatment focuses on managing complications, dietary changes, and medication to reduce ammonia levels and symptoms.
Salla disease
A 3 month old child presented with neonatal hepatitis and ascites. Initial tests showed liver damage and worsening liver function. Further testing found very high levels of sialic acid in the urine, suggesting Salla disease. Salla disease is a rare lysosomal storage disorder caused by a defect in sialic acid metabolism, characterized by ascites and liver involvement. The child was treated supportively but died from complications within two weeks.
Acute pancreatitis
Acute pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas that ranges from mild to severe, life-threatening disease. The most common causes are gallstones and alcohol abuse. Clinical features include severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, fever, and tenderness. Investigations show elevated pancreatic enzymes and imaging may reveal complications. Severity is assessed using Ranson, APACHE II, or Balthazar scores and influences management, which involves IV fluids, bowel rest, pain control, infection prevention, and sometimes surgery.
Cirrhosis of Liver
Cirrhosis is a late stage of scarring (fibrosis) of the liver caused by many forms of liver diseases and conditions, such as hepatitis and chronic alcoholism. ... As cirrhosis progresses, more and more scar tissue forms, making it difficult for the liver to function (decompensated cirrhosis)
Liver disease
Liver disease, also called hepatic disease, is damage or disease of the liver that can have various signs and symptoms affecting blood, metabolism, digestion and the nervous system. There are over 100 types of liver disease including hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, fatty liver disease, cirrhosis, and various genetic disorders. Common causes of liver disease include alcohol overconsumption, obesity, diabetes, high salt intake, smoking, overuse of medications, inappropriate use of supplements or alternative medicines, chemotherapy, and infections like viral hepatitis.
Liver disease
The liver is located under the rib cage and is essential for digesting food, absorbing nutrients, eliminating toxins, and storing vitamins and minerals. Liver disease can be genetic, caused by viruses like hepatitis, or damage from excessive alcohol intake or obesity. Over time, liver damage leads to scarring called cirrhosis and can cause liver failure. Symptoms of liver disease include jaundice, abdominal pain, fatigue, and bruising easily. Treatment depends on the cause but may include lifestyle changes, medication, or transplantation for severe liver failure. Prevention involves limiting alcohol, vaccinations for hepatitis if at risk, taking medications properly, and maintaining a healthy weight.
Liver Cirrhosis Plus
Liver biopsy is currently the reference standard for assessing liver fibrosis but it has disadvantages like being an invasive procedure that carries risk. Non-invasive alternatives to biopsy include clinical indices, imaging, serum biomarkers, and measurements of liver stiffness and portal pressure. While these alternatives are safer than biopsy, they each only assess one aspect of liver disease and cannot provide the full histological assessment of biopsy. However, within defined clinical contexts, noninvasive assessment can be an attractive alternative and contribute valuable information to patient management and treatment outcomes.
Cirrhosis complications
Cirrhosis is a disease where the liver transforms into regenerating nodules surrounded by fibrous bands. Common causes include alcoholism, viral hepatitis, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Complications include portal hypertension, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, and hepatorenal syndrome. Portal hypertension is defined as a hepatic venous pressure gradient over 5 mmHg and can cause variceal bleeding, ascites, and hypersplenism. Ascites is treated initially with sodium restriction and diuretics, while refractory ascites may require paracentesis, TIPS, or liver transplant. Hepatic encephalopathy is caused by increased ammonia and treated with lactulose and rifaxim
Acute pancreatitis by sameen
The document discusses acute pancreatitis, including its causes, signs and symptoms, methods of diagnosis, severity scoring systems, and approaches to treatment. It notes that acute pancreatitis can range from mild to severe and sometimes leads to complications like pancreatic pseudocysts or abscesses if not properly treated. Treatment involves pain management, fluid resuscitation, nutritional support, antibiotics if infected, and sometimes surgery for gallstone removal or infected necrosis.
Medical terms chapter 11
Polyuria is the excessive production of urine, defined as more than 10 liters per day, and can be caused by conditions like diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, use of diuretics, or hypercalcemia. Hypercalcemia refers to elevated levels of calcium in the bloodstream, most commonly caused by overproduction of parathyroid hormone, and symptoms include gastrointestinal issues, kidney problems, and bone pain. Both polyuria and hypercalcemia are diagnosed through blood tests measuring calcium and urine output levels.
My ppt liver chirrosis
This document defines cirrhosis as a condition where the liver slowly deteriorates and malfunctions due to chronic injury, with scar tissue replacing healthy liver tissue and partially blocking blood flow. It discusses the anatomy, physiology, causes including hepatitis and alcohol abuse, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations such as jaundice and ascites, diagnostic studies, collaborative care including management of ascites and esophageal varices, drug therapy, surgical management, nutritional management focusing on low protein and sodium diets, nursing management, and patient education on continuing healthcare and avoiding alcohol and aspirin.
Acute pancreatitis
Acute Pancreatitis
definition , causes rare and common , prognosis , clinical features , investigations to do plus the treatment
Liver cirrhosis
Cirrhosis is a chronic liver disease characterized by scarring and damage to liver tissue. It is caused by repeated injury to the liver over many years from various factors like alcohol abuse, viral hepatitis, fatty liver disease. Signs and symptoms may include fatigue, bruising, jaundice, fluid accumulation and confusion. Complications arise due to impaired liver function and blood flow issues, leading to infections, malnutrition, and buildup of toxins. Nursing care involves assessing for complications, providing nutrition support, managing fluid overload, and patient education to prevent further liver damage.
Cirrhosis
This document summarizes cirrhosis of the liver. It defines cirrhosis as irreversible liver damage characterized by abnormal liver structure and function. The main causes listed are chronic alcohol abuse, hepatitis B and C, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and genetic disorders. Complications include hepatic failure, portal hypertension, ascites, variceal bleeding, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Tests used to diagnose and monitor cirrhosis are also outlined. Management focuses on treating the underlying cause, nutrition, screening for complications, and liver transplantation in severe cases.
19 hepatic cirrhosis
This document provides information about hepatic cirrhosis, including its definition, description, causes, risk factors, types, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and complications. Specifically, it defines cirrhosis as scarring of the liver that reduces its function over time. Long-term alcohol use and chronic hepatitis B and C infections are major causes of cirrhosis worldwide. Clinical signs of cirrhosis include fatigue, abdominal pain, and jaundice. Complications arise when the liver decompensates and can no longer function properly, leading to issues like portal hypertension and ascites.
Cirrhosis
The document describes cirrhosis, including its causes, symptoms, complications, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing management. Cirrhosis is scarring of the liver caused by conditions like alcohol abuse, hepatitis, and biliary disease. It leads to liver dysfunction and can cause jaundice, edema, ascites, bleeding, and hepatic encephalopathy if not properly managed. Treatment involves managing symptoms, avoiding alcohol, and addressing any underlying conditions.
Jaundice
Jaundice is a yellow discoloration caused by increased bilirubin in the blood, which is a sign of liver disease or damage. It can be caused by hepatocellular issues within the liver, hemolytic anemia where red blood cells are destroyed too quickly, or obstructive issues where the bile duct is blocked. Symptoms include yellow skin and eyes, light stool, dark urine, itching, and nausea. Diagnosis involves blood and imaging tests to determine the cause and severity. Treatment depends on the underlying condition but may include medications, fluids, blood transfusions, or procedures to clear the bile duct. Lifestyle changes like eating fruits and vegetables and avoiding risk factors can help prevent jaundice.
Cirrhosis of liver
Cirrhosis is a disease where healthy liver tissue is replaced with scar tissue due to conditions like alcohol abuse, hepatitis, and fatty liver disease. It prevents the liver from functioning properly. Symptoms range from fatigue to jaundice to fluid buildup in the abdomen. Treatment focuses on managing complications, stopping further damage, and transplantation in severe cases. Preventing liver damage from alcohol, medications, and infections can help avoid or delay cirrhosis progression.
Alcoholic liver cirrhosis
This case study describes a 70-year-old male patient admitted to the hospital with abdominal distention, weakness, decreased appetite, and weight loss. His medical history revealed he was an alcoholic and smoker. Diagnostic tests showed signs of liver damage. Alcoholic liver cirrhosis occurs in stages from fatty liver to inflammation and scarring of the liver. Risk factors include quantity of alcohol consumed, genetics, and malnutrition. Treatment requires stopping alcohol consumption and may include vitamins, diet, and transplantation for severe cases.
Liver cysts , Abscesses and Tumors
The document summarizes different types of liver conditions including abscesses, cysts, and tumors. It describes:
1) Liver abscesses which can be pyogenic (bacterial) or amebic. Pyogenic abscesses are usually caused by bacteria spreading from other sites while amebic abscesses are caused by Entamoeba histolytica infection;
2) Liver cysts including non-parasitic cysts and parasitic hydatid cysts caused by Echinococcus tapeworms;
3) Liver tumors can be benign such as hemangiomas or adenomas, or malignant primary hepatocellular carcinoma which is one of the most common cancers in Africa. Surgical resection is the main treatment
Liver cirrhosis
Cirrhosis is scarring of the liver caused by long-term liver damage and inflammation. It is irreversible and can develop from conditions like hepatitis, alcoholism, and genetic disorders. As fibrosis worsens and liver tissue is replaced by scar tissue, it loses its normal structure and function. Late-stage cirrhosis complications include jaundice, ascites, bleeding, and liver failure. While cirrhosis cannot be cured, treatments focus on managing complications and underlying causes through lifestyle changes and medications. In some severe cases, liver transplantation may be required to survive.
Cirrosis presentation
Cirrhosis is a serious chronic disease characterized by widespread disruption of the normal liver structure by fibrosis and regenerative nodules caused by conditions like long-term alcohol abuse or hepatitis. Common causes include alcohol abuse, hepatitis B/C, and certain drugs. Symptoms include enlarged liver, jaundice, fluid in the abdomen, and changes to circulation, hormones, and bleeding risk. Treatment depends on the cause but may include medications, procedures to control bleeding, antibiotics, dialysis, and liver transplantation in severe cases.
Gastroenterology
This document provides an overview of gastroenterology, including general pathophysiology, risk factors, emergencies, abdominal pain, assessment, and treatment approaches. It then discusses specific illnesses affecting the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and appendix. Conditions covered include bleeding, ulcers, varices, gastroenteritis, peptic ulcers, inflammatory bowel disease, hemorrhoids, bowel obstructions, appendicitis, cholecystitis, pancreatitis, and hepatitis.
2 gastrointestinal disease in kidney disease 1
This document discusses gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary problems that are common in patients with chronic kidney disease. It outlines several conditions that occur more frequently or are specific to renal patients, such as gastroparesis, peptic ulcers, acute pancreatitis, and gastrointestinal bleeding. It also notes that concurrent gut and kidney disease can be seen in disorders like polycystic kidney disease, vasculitis, diabetes, and amyloidosis. Finally, it mentions several drugs used to treat chronic kidney disease that can cause gastrointestinal side effects.
Hepatic disorder ! Cirrhosis, Jaundice
1. Hepatic disorders refer to diseases that affect the liver including jaundice, cirrhosis, portal hypertension, ascites, and hepatic encephalopathy.
2. Jaundice is a condition where the skin and eyes become yellow due to high bilirubin levels in the blood and can be caused by liver damage or blockages in the bile ducts.
3. Cirrhosis is a late stage of scarring of the liver caused by various conditions like hepatitis or alcoholism that disrupts liver structure and function. It can lead to complications like portal hypertension and ascites.
Renal Failure Disease
Acute Kidney Failure is a sudden reduction in kidney function that results in nitrogenous wastes accumulating in the blood.
Chronic renal failure is a Progressive, irreversible deterioration in renal function in which the body’s ability to maintain metabolic, fluid and electrolyte balance fails resulting in Uremia and Azotemia.
Definition, Etiology, Risk Factors, Stages, Clinical Manifestations, Management, Surgical Management, Prevention, Complications. Nursing Management
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Liver disease
Liver disease, also called hepatic disease, is damage or disease of the liver that can have various signs and symptoms affecting blood, metabolism, digestion and the nervous system. There are over 100 types of liver disease including hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, fatty liver disease, cirrhosis, and various genetic disorders. Common causes of liver disease include alcohol overconsumption, obesity, diabetes, high salt intake, smoking, overuse of medications, inappropriate use of supplements or alternative medicines, chemotherapy, and infections like viral hepatitis.
Liver disease
The liver is located under the rib cage and is essential for digesting food, absorbing nutrients, eliminating toxins, and storing vitamins and minerals. Liver disease can be genetic, caused by viruses like hepatitis, or damage from excessive alcohol intake or obesity. Over time, liver damage leads to scarring called cirrhosis and can cause liver failure. Symptoms of liver disease include jaundice, abdominal pain, fatigue, and bruising easily. Treatment depends on the cause but may include lifestyle changes, medication, or transplantation for severe liver failure. Prevention involves limiting alcohol, vaccinations for hepatitis if at risk, taking medications properly, and maintaining a healthy weight.
Liver Cirrhosis Plus
Liver biopsy is currently the reference standard for assessing liver fibrosis but it has disadvantages like being an invasive procedure that carries risk. Non-invasive alternatives to biopsy include clinical indices, imaging, serum biomarkers, and measurements of liver stiffness and portal pressure. While these alternatives are safer than biopsy, they each only assess one aspect of liver disease and cannot provide the full histological assessment of biopsy. However, within defined clinical contexts, noninvasive assessment can be an attractive alternative and contribute valuable information to patient management and treatment outcomes.
Cirrhosis complications
Cirrhosis is a disease where the liver transforms into regenerating nodules surrounded by fibrous bands. Common causes include alcoholism, viral hepatitis, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Complications include portal hypertension, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, and hepatorenal syndrome. Portal hypertension is defined as a hepatic venous pressure gradient over 5 mmHg and can cause variceal bleeding, ascites, and hypersplenism. Ascites is treated initially with sodium restriction and diuretics, while refractory ascites may require paracentesis, TIPS, or liver transplant. Hepatic encephalopathy is caused by increased ammonia and treated with lactulose and rifaxim
Acute pancreatitis by sameen
The document discusses acute pancreatitis, including its causes, signs and symptoms, methods of diagnosis, severity scoring systems, and approaches to treatment. It notes that acute pancreatitis can range from mild to severe and sometimes leads to complications like pancreatic pseudocysts or abscesses if not properly treated. Treatment involves pain management, fluid resuscitation, nutritional support, antibiotics if infected, and sometimes surgery for gallstone removal or infected necrosis.
Medical terms chapter 11
Polyuria is the excessive production of urine, defined as more than 10 liters per day, and can be caused by conditions like diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus, use of diuretics, or hypercalcemia. Hypercalcemia refers to elevated levels of calcium in the bloodstream, most commonly caused by overproduction of parathyroid hormone, and symptoms include gastrointestinal issues, kidney problems, and bone pain. Both polyuria and hypercalcemia are diagnosed through blood tests measuring calcium and urine output levels.
My ppt liver chirrosis
This document defines cirrhosis as a condition where the liver slowly deteriorates and malfunctions due to chronic injury, with scar tissue replacing healthy liver tissue and partially blocking blood flow. It discusses the anatomy, physiology, causes including hepatitis and alcohol abuse, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations such as jaundice and ascites, diagnostic studies, collaborative care including management of ascites and esophageal varices, drug therapy, surgical management, nutritional management focusing on low protein and sodium diets, nursing management, and patient education on continuing healthcare and avoiding alcohol and aspirin.
Acute pancreatitis
Acute Pancreatitis
definition , causes rare and common , prognosis , clinical features , investigations to do plus the treatment
Liver cirrhosis
Cirrhosis is a chronic liver disease characterized by scarring and damage to liver tissue. It is caused by repeated injury to the liver over many years from various factors like alcohol abuse, viral hepatitis, fatty liver disease. Signs and symptoms may include fatigue, bruising, jaundice, fluid accumulation and confusion. Complications arise due to impaired liver function and blood flow issues, leading to infections, malnutrition, and buildup of toxins. Nursing care involves assessing for complications, providing nutrition support, managing fluid overload, and patient education to prevent further liver damage.
Cirrhosis
This document summarizes cirrhosis of the liver. It defines cirrhosis as irreversible liver damage characterized by abnormal liver structure and function. The main causes listed are chronic alcohol abuse, hepatitis B and C, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and genetic disorders. Complications include hepatic failure, portal hypertension, ascites, variceal bleeding, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Tests used to diagnose and monitor cirrhosis are also outlined. Management focuses on treating the underlying cause, nutrition, screening for complications, and liver transplantation in severe cases.
19 hepatic cirrhosis
This document provides information about hepatic cirrhosis, including its definition, description, causes, risk factors, types, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and complications. Specifically, it defines cirrhosis as scarring of the liver that reduces its function over time. Long-term alcohol use and chronic hepatitis B and C infections are major causes of cirrhosis worldwide. Clinical signs of cirrhosis include fatigue, abdominal pain, and jaundice. Complications arise when the liver decompensates and can no longer function properly, leading to issues like portal hypertension and ascites.
Cirrhosis
The document describes cirrhosis, including its causes, symptoms, complications, diagnosis, treatment, and nursing management. Cirrhosis is scarring of the liver caused by conditions like alcohol abuse, hepatitis, and biliary disease. It leads to liver dysfunction and can cause jaundice, edema, ascites, bleeding, and hepatic encephalopathy if not properly managed. Treatment involves managing symptoms, avoiding alcohol, and addressing any underlying conditions.
Jaundice
Jaundice is a yellow discoloration caused by increased bilirubin in the blood, which is a sign of liver disease or damage. It can be caused by hepatocellular issues within the liver, hemolytic anemia where red blood cells are destroyed too quickly, or obstructive issues where the bile duct is blocked. Symptoms include yellow skin and eyes, light stool, dark urine, itching, and nausea. Diagnosis involves blood and imaging tests to determine the cause and severity. Treatment depends on the underlying condition but may include medications, fluids, blood transfusions, or procedures to clear the bile duct. Lifestyle changes like eating fruits and vegetables and avoiding risk factors can help prevent jaundice.
Cirrhosis of liver
Cirrhosis is a disease where healthy liver tissue is replaced with scar tissue due to conditions like alcohol abuse, hepatitis, and fatty liver disease. It prevents the liver from functioning properly. Symptoms range from fatigue to jaundice to fluid buildup in the abdomen. Treatment focuses on managing complications, stopping further damage, and transplantation in severe cases. Preventing liver damage from alcohol, medications, and infections can help avoid or delay cirrhosis progression.
Alcoholic liver cirrhosis
This case study describes a 70-year-old male patient admitted to the hospital with abdominal distention, weakness, decreased appetite, and weight loss. His medical history revealed he was an alcoholic and smoker. Diagnostic tests showed signs of liver damage. Alcoholic liver cirrhosis occurs in stages from fatty liver to inflammation and scarring of the liver. Risk factors include quantity of alcohol consumed, genetics, and malnutrition. Treatment requires stopping alcohol consumption and may include vitamins, diet, and transplantation for severe cases.
Liver cysts , Abscesses and Tumors
The document summarizes different types of liver conditions including abscesses, cysts, and tumors. It describes:
1) Liver abscesses which can be pyogenic (bacterial) or amebic. Pyogenic abscesses are usually caused by bacteria spreading from other sites while amebic abscesses are caused by Entamoeba histolytica infection;
2) Liver cysts including non-parasitic cysts and parasitic hydatid cysts caused by Echinococcus tapeworms;
3) Liver tumors can be benign such as hemangiomas or adenomas, or malignant primary hepatocellular carcinoma which is one of the most common cancers in Africa. Surgical resection is the main treatment
Liver cirrhosis
Cirrhosis is scarring of the liver caused by long-term liver damage and inflammation. It is irreversible and can develop from conditions like hepatitis, alcoholism, and genetic disorders. As fibrosis worsens and liver tissue is replaced by scar tissue, it loses its normal structure and function. Late-stage cirrhosis complications include jaundice, ascites, bleeding, and liver failure. While cirrhosis cannot be cured, treatments focus on managing complications and underlying causes through lifestyle changes and medications. In some severe cases, liver transplantation may be required to survive.
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Cirrosis presentation
Cirrhosis is a serious chronic disease characterized by widespread disruption of the normal liver structure by fibrosis and regenerative nodules caused by conditions like long-term alcohol abuse or hepatitis. Common causes include alcohol abuse, hepatitis B/C, and certain drugs. Symptoms include enlarged liver, jaundice, fluid in the abdomen, and changes to circulation, hormones, and bleeding risk. Treatment depends on the cause but may include medications, procedures to control bleeding, antibiotics, dialysis, and liver transplantation in severe cases.
Gastroenterology
This document provides an overview of gastroenterology, including general pathophysiology, risk factors, emergencies, abdominal pain, assessment, and treatment approaches. It then discusses specific illnesses affecting the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and appendix. Conditions covered include bleeding, ulcers, varices, gastroenteritis, peptic ulcers, inflammatory bowel disease, hemorrhoids, bowel obstructions, appendicitis, cholecystitis, pancreatitis, and hepatitis.
2 gastrointestinal disease in kidney disease 1
This document discusses gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary problems that are common in patients with chronic kidney disease. It outlines several conditions that occur more frequently or are specific to renal patients, such as gastroparesis, peptic ulcers, acute pancreatitis, and gastrointestinal bleeding. It also notes that concurrent gut and kidney disease can be seen in disorders like polycystic kidney disease, vasculitis, diabetes, and amyloidosis. Finally, it mentions several drugs used to treat chronic kidney disease that can cause gastrointestinal side effects.
Hepatic disorder ! Cirrhosis, Jaundice
1. Hepatic disorders refer to diseases that affect the liver including jaundice, cirrhosis, portal hypertension, ascites, and hepatic encephalopathy.
2. Jaundice is a condition where the skin and eyes become yellow due to high bilirubin levels in the blood and can be caused by liver damage or blockages in the bile ducts.
3. Cirrhosis is a late stage of scarring of the liver caused by various conditions like hepatitis or alcoholism that disrupts liver structure and function. It can lead to complications like portal hypertension and ascites.
Renal Failure Disease
Acute Kidney Failure is a sudden reduction in kidney function that results in nitrogenous wastes accumulating in the blood.
Chronic renal failure is a Progressive, irreversible deterioration in renal function in which the body’s ability to maintain metabolic, fluid and electrolyte balance fails resulting in Uremia and Azotemia.
Definition, Etiology, Risk Factors, Stages, Clinical Manifestations, Management, Surgical Management, Prevention, Complications. Nursing Management
Liver Cirrhosis
Liver cirrhosis is a chronic, progressive disease characterized by diffuse damage to liver cells and the formation of scar tissue. As healthy liver tissue is replaced by scar tissue, the liver loses its normal structure and function. Common causes include chronic hepatitis from alcohol, viruses, and other toxins. Late stage cirrhosis results in liver failure and life-threatening complications such as internal bleeding, infection, and hepatic encephalopathy.
Alcoholic Liver Disease
This document discusses alcoholic liver disease (ALD). It begins by defining ALD and its stages - fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and cirrhosis. It then discusses risk factors like gender, genetics, and drinking patterns. Symptoms for each stage are provided. The pathophysiology of steatosis, hepatitis, and cirrhosis are explained. Diagnostic tests including blood tests, imaging, and biopsy are outlined. Management of ALD focuses on abstinence, nutrition, medications to prevent complications, and potentially transplantation for late-stage disease.
Alcoholic liver disease
This document discusses alcoholic liver disease (ALD), including its causes, risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. It notes that ALD encompasses conditions like fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and cirrhosis that result from excessive alcohol consumption over time. Heavy drinking, especially in men who consume 60-80 grams per day for over 20 years or women who drink over 20 grams per day, significantly increases risk. Symptoms may not appear initially but can include abdominal pain, nausea, fatigue, and jaundice as the disease progresses. Treatment focuses on abstinence from alcohol as well as nutrition supplementation and medications to manage complications like ascites and hepatic encephalopathy.
Liver Cirrhosis
Liver cirrhosis is a chronic, progressive disease characterized by diffuse damage to liver cells and the replacement of liver tissue with fibrosis and regenerating nodules. It has many potential causes, with alcohol use being the most common in 60-70% of cases. Common symptoms include fatigue, jaundice, abdominal pain, ascites, and complications can include bleeding varices, hepatic encephalopathy, and liver failure.
Complications of cirrhosis
The document discusses various complications that can arise from cirrhosis of the liver. It describes portal hypertension, ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, hepatorenal syndrome, hepatic encephalopathy, coagulation abnormalities, and other hematologic abnormalities as common complications. Diagnosis and treatment approaches are mentioned for several of these conditions.
Approach To A Patient With Jaundice
This document provides an overview of approaches to evaluating and treating a patient presenting with jaundice. There are three main types of jaundice discussed: hemolytic, hepatic, and obstructive. For each type, the document outlines relevant clinical findings, laboratory investigations, and potential etiologies. Treatment options are also reviewed for obstructive jaundice, the most common cause being choledocholithiasis, which can be addressed through open or laparoscopic exploration/stone extraction or endoscopic papillotomy. Periampullary carcinoma is another potential etiology that may require curative surgery like the Whipple procedure or palliative interventions.
Cirrhosis of the liver (1)
Cirrhosis is a condition where the liver slowly deteriorates and malfunctions due to chronic injury, causing scar tissue to replace healthy liver tissue. It is commonly caused by heavy alcohol consumption, hepatitis C, obesity, and other factors. Symptoms include weakness, fatigue, loss of appetite, and abdominal pain. A physical exam may reveal an enlarged liver or spleen, abdominal swelling, spider-like blood vessels, or jaundice. Treatment focuses on lifestyle changes like stopping drinking and preventing further liver damage, while transplantation may be needed for severe cases.
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The document discusses acute renal failure (ARF), chronic renal failure (CRF), and treatment options for kidney failure including hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, nephrectomy, kidney transplantation, and uremia. ARF is a rapid loss of renal function that can be caused by hypotension, surgery, trauma, or infection. CRF is the progressive loss of kidney function over time. Treatment options aim to filter waste and regulate fluid and electrolytes through dialysis or transplantation to replace non-functioning kidneys. Nursing care focuses on fluid management, nutrition, infection prevention, and managing complications of treatment.
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An enlarged liver, also known as hepatomegaly, is swollen beyond its average size for any reason.
Rather than a disease, an enlarged liver is a sign of an underlying problem, such as liver disease, congestive heart failure, or cancer. Treatment involves identifying and controlling the cause of the condition.
Livercirrhosisl 090306011045-phpapp01
The document discusses cirrhosis of the liver. It begins by describing the normal anatomy and function of the liver. Cirrhosis is defined as a diffuse disorder characterized by complete loss of normal liver architecture and replacement by extensive fibrosis and regenerating nodules. Cirrhosis results from repeated damage to liver cells from various chronic conditions and risk factors. This causes scarring that disrupts blood flow and liver function. Common complications include liver failure, portal hypertension, ascites, and increased risk of liver cancer.
Chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, chronic pancreatitis
Chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and chronic pancreatitis are inflammatory conditions of the liver and pancreas that can develop over many years. Chronic hepatitis refers to ongoing liver inflammation for at least six months caused by viruses like hepatitis B and C. Liver cirrhosis is severe scarring of the liver from chronic liver diseases that can lead to liver failure. Chronic pancreatitis is long-term pancreas inflammation and damage caused by factors like heavy alcohol use, genetics, or pancreatic duct blockages.
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Cirrhosis
Cirrhosis is the end stage of many chronic liver diseases where the liver architecture is completely disrupted by extensive fibrosis and the formation of regenerating nodules. It results from chronic liver injury and inflammation that causes hepatocyte necrosis initially and progresses to bridging fibrosis that destroys the liver structure. Common causes include alcohol, viral hepatitis, and primary biliary cirrhosis. Cirrhosis leads to liver failure and complications of portal hypertension like ascites, variceal bleeding, and hepatic encephalopathy.
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Cirrhosis is a condition where the liver deteriorates and malfunctions due to chronic injury such as heavy alcohol use, hepatitis C, or other metabolic disorders. As the liver is damaged, scar tissue forms and blocks blood flow. Symptoms include fatigue, abdominal pain, and jaundice. Doctors diagnose cirrhosis through physical exams and liver tests. High risk groups are alcoholics, middle-aged whites and Hispanics. Complications involve fluid buildup, easy bruising, and risk of liver cancer. Treatment focuses on lifestyle changes like abstaining from alcohol to prevent further damage.
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Chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, chronic pancreatitis
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