Presentation on the state of the art for the ASSETS project for the inception workshop in Southampton, May 21st 2012. Project is supported by the ESPA program, with funding coming from DFID and NERC.
What do we have to lose? Generating crop diversity and threat monitoring info...Bioversity International
Ehsan Dulloo, Bioversity International Conservation and Availability Programme Leader, presented at the international conference Enhanced genepool utilization - Capturing wild relative and landrace diversity for crop improvement, in Cambridge, UK, 16-20 June 2014.
It is said that “you can't manage what you don't measure”. The unprecedented global loss of agricultural species, varieties and associated traditional knowledge is of increasing concern, threatening the provisioning, regulatory, supporting and cultural ecosystem services of importance to the livelihoods of the poor as well as the welfare of broader society. Such services include such public goods as maintaining agroecosystem resilience and future option values.
Unfortunately, although many crop genetic resources (CGR) are widely recognized as being threatened, there is only limited information available regarding actual status. Only isolated efforts at monitoring have been undertaken. Conventional monitoring efforts, where they exist at all, have been subject to limitations due to ad hoc approaches that lack rigorous survey and sampling approaches, do not adequately account for search effort costs or systematically involve the participation of local-level actors, and are usually based on collections instead of direct observations in the field. Furthermore, the links between specific CGR conservation levels/configurations and the provision of specific ecosystem services are poorly understood.
There is thus an urgent need for the development of a systematic approach to the monitoring of CGR. This presentation draws on the outcome of a recent Bioversity International/CIP international expert workshop aimed at the development of such an approach. The proposed multi-scale approach builds on a wide range of existing monitoring experiences and a review of the literature related to agricultural biodiversity-relevant ecosystem services. A number of proposed indicators that could be used to assess CGR threat levels, be used for monitoring purposes and/or assist in evaluating ecosystem service public/private good trade-offs arising from agricultural intensification are presented, with a view to supporting the potential for prioritizing, designing and implementing on-farm/in situ conservation measures that actively involve farmers, support livelihoods, complement existing ex situ conservation efforts and facilitate access and benefit sharing.
Find out more about Bioversity International work on conserving crop diversity on the farm and in the wild http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/conservation-of-crop-diversity/
Presentation given at the workshop 'Integrating genetic diversity considerations into national climate change adaptation plans - Development of guidelines', Rome, 8-9 April organized by the FAO Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. It was presented by Michael Halewood, Policy Theme Leader at Bioversity International, on behalf of the CGIAR Research Progam on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS)
Nutritious foods from Forests Side Event took place at FAO on 11 October, 2013.
Forests harbour a large number of woody plants, climbers, herbs, insects and wild animals that provide nutritious foods, important for the diets of many people in developing countries.
The International Conference on Forests for Food Security and Nutrition hosted by FAO in May 2013, highlighted the important role of forests, agroforestry systems and trees on farm for food security and nutrition The side event aims at increasing the understanding of the contribution of forests and trees to sustainable diets by sharing lessons from the field.
In this presentation Bioversity International researcher and 'Beyond Timber' project coordinator discusses the traditional management systems of forest-based foods and a case study from the Congo Basin.
Read more about Bioversity's work in forest foods: http://www.bioversityinternational.org/trees-for-food/
The Promotion of GIAHS Program and its integration in ISESCO's strategies:ExternalEvents
http://www.fao.org/giahs/en/
This presentation was presented during the Joint Meeting of Steering and Scientific Commitee that took place at FAO headquarters 28-29 April 2015. The presentation was made by Ms. Aicha Bammoun, ISESCO
What do we have to lose? Generating crop diversity and threat monitoring info...Bioversity International
Ehsan Dulloo, Bioversity International Conservation and Availability Programme Leader, presented at the international conference Enhanced genepool utilization - Capturing wild relative and landrace diversity for crop improvement, in Cambridge, UK, 16-20 June 2014.
It is said that “you can't manage what you don't measure”. The unprecedented global loss of agricultural species, varieties and associated traditional knowledge is of increasing concern, threatening the provisioning, regulatory, supporting and cultural ecosystem services of importance to the livelihoods of the poor as well as the welfare of broader society. Such services include such public goods as maintaining agroecosystem resilience and future option values.
Unfortunately, although many crop genetic resources (CGR) are widely recognized as being threatened, there is only limited information available regarding actual status. Only isolated efforts at monitoring have been undertaken. Conventional monitoring efforts, where they exist at all, have been subject to limitations due to ad hoc approaches that lack rigorous survey and sampling approaches, do not adequately account for search effort costs or systematically involve the participation of local-level actors, and are usually based on collections instead of direct observations in the field. Furthermore, the links between specific CGR conservation levels/configurations and the provision of specific ecosystem services are poorly understood.
There is thus an urgent need for the development of a systematic approach to the monitoring of CGR. This presentation draws on the outcome of a recent Bioversity International/CIP international expert workshop aimed at the development of such an approach. The proposed multi-scale approach builds on a wide range of existing monitoring experiences and a review of the literature related to agricultural biodiversity-relevant ecosystem services. A number of proposed indicators that could be used to assess CGR threat levels, be used for monitoring purposes and/or assist in evaluating ecosystem service public/private good trade-offs arising from agricultural intensification are presented, with a view to supporting the potential for prioritizing, designing and implementing on-farm/in situ conservation measures that actively involve farmers, support livelihoods, complement existing ex situ conservation efforts and facilitate access and benefit sharing.
Find out more about Bioversity International work on conserving crop diversity on the farm and in the wild http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/conservation-of-crop-diversity/
Presentation given at the workshop 'Integrating genetic diversity considerations into national climate change adaptation plans - Development of guidelines', Rome, 8-9 April organized by the FAO Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. It was presented by Michael Halewood, Policy Theme Leader at Bioversity International, on behalf of the CGIAR Research Progam on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS)
Nutritious foods from Forests Side Event took place at FAO on 11 October, 2013.
Forests harbour a large number of woody plants, climbers, herbs, insects and wild animals that provide nutritious foods, important for the diets of many people in developing countries.
The International Conference on Forests for Food Security and Nutrition hosted by FAO in May 2013, highlighted the important role of forests, agroforestry systems and trees on farm for food security and nutrition The side event aims at increasing the understanding of the contribution of forests and trees to sustainable diets by sharing lessons from the field.
In this presentation Bioversity International researcher and 'Beyond Timber' project coordinator discusses the traditional management systems of forest-based foods and a case study from the Congo Basin.
Read more about Bioversity's work in forest foods: http://www.bioversityinternational.org/trees-for-food/
The Promotion of GIAHS Program and its integration in ISESCO's strategies:ExternalEvents
http://www.fao.org/giahs/en/
This presentation was presented during the Joint Meeting of Steering and Scientific Commitee that took place at FAO headquarters 28-29 April 2015. The presentation was made by Ms. Aicha Bammoun, ISESCO
Agricultural Heritage Systems in East Asia and China's Experiences on their C...ExternalEvents
http://www.fao.org/about/meetings/agroecology-symposium-china/en/
Presentation of Min Qingwen, from Chinese Academy of Sciences, on Globally Important Agricultrual Heritage Systems in China and South-east Asia and how to conserve them. The presentation was prepared and delivered in occasion of the International Symposium on Agroecology in China, held in Kunming, China on 29-31 August 2016.
Overview of the Institute of Tropical Forest Conservation (ITFC) Uganda
Presentation given to IIED staff in April 2015
Medard Twinamatsiko -Social Research Leader Institute of Tropical Forest Conservation (ITFC)-Mbarara University of Science and Technology (MUST)
Presenter: Dr. Marie Haga
Executive Director, Global Crop Diversity Trust.
Facing demographic and climate changes, our best and most important tool to develop a resilient agricultural system is found in the natural diversity of crops and within crops. The Global Crop Diversity Trust (Crop Trust) works to safeguard the most important collections of crop diversity in genebanks around the world. This global common good will guarantee farmers and plant breeders have access to the raw materials needed to improve our crops, and ultimately, feed the world.
Transforming Agri-food Systems to Achieve Healthy Diets for AllCGIAR
Challenges: Why Agri-Food Systems Need to Be Transformed
Opportunities: What Science Can Offer to Address these Challenges
The CGIAR partnership: Our Contribution to achieving the UN’s Sustainable Development Targets
HLPE 2019. Agroecological and other innovative approaches for sustainable agriculture and food systems that enhance food security and nutrition. A report by the High Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and Nutrition of the Committee on World Food Security, Rome
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Peter Minang, FTA, ICRAF
Social and environmental justice as a trigger of robust ambitious climate action and prosperous future for all
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Agricultural Heritage Systems in East Asia and China's Experiences on their C...ExternalEvents
http://www.fao.org/about/meetings/agroecology-symposium-china/en/
Presentation of Min Qingwen, from Chinese Academy of Sciences, on Globally Important Agricultrual Heritage Systems in China and South-east Asia and how to conserve them. The presentation was prepared and delivered in occasion of the International Symposium on Agroecology in China, held in Kunming, China on 29-31 August 2016.
Overview of the Institute of Tropical Forest Conservation (ITFC) Uganda
Presentation given to IIED staff in April 2015
Medard Twinamatsiko -Social Research Leader Institute of Tropical Forest Conservation (ITFC)-Mbarara University of Science and Technology (MUST)
Presenter: Dr. Marie Haga
Executive Director, Global Crop Diversity Trust.
Facing demographic and climate changes, our best and most important tool to develop a resilient agricultural system is found in the natural diversity of crops and within crops. The Global Crop Diversity Trust (Crop Trust) works to safeguard the most important collections of crop diversity in genebanks around the world. This global common good will guarantee farmers and plant breeders have access to the raw materials needed to improve our crops, and ultimately, feed the world.
Transforming Agri-food Systems to Achieve Healthy Diets for AllCGIAR
Challenges: Why Agri-Food Systems Need to Be Transformed
Opportunities: What Science Can Offer to Address these Challenges
The CGIAR partnership: Our Contribution to achieving the UN’s Sustainable Development Targets
HLPE 2019. Agroecological and other innovative approaches for sustainable agriculture and food systems that enhance food security and nutrition. A report by the High Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and Nutrition of the Committee on World Food Security, Rome
Vulnerabilities of forests and forest dependent people
Peter Minang, FTA, ICRAF
Social and environmental justice as a trigger of robust ambitious climate action and prosperous future for all
Chilean pavilion, COP 25, Madrid, 7th December 2019
At the Oxford Biodiversity Institute Symposium on 2-3 October 2013, Bioversity International Programme Leader Ehsan Dulloo presented on the importance of genetic diversity for building resilience for crops. Learn more: http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/conservation-of-crop-diversity/
Forests, trees and agroforestry: What role in food security and nutrition?CIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation by Terry Sunderland focuses on how food security and nutrition contribute to enhancing the management and use of forests, agroforestry and tree genetic
resources across the landscape from forests
to farms.
Contributions of the BFN Project to mainstreaming - country experiencesTeresa Borelli
Through its national partners, the Biodiversity for Food and Nutrition Initiative is contributing to greater policy and public awareness of the role of local, neglected and underutilised foods in achieving more nutritious and varied diets
Contribution of the GEF Biodiversity for Food and Nutrition to ‘mainstreaming’; country experiences.
Presentation given by Danny Hunter, Global Project Coordinator, Bioversity International at the side event ' Mainstreaming biodiversity for improved human nutrition and well-being: moving from global initiatives to local action' on the occasion of the 15th Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Rome, Italy - 20th January 2015
The contribution of GEF 'Biodiversity for food and nutrition' country experiences
Presentation given by Danny Hunter, Global Project Coordinator, Bioversity International at the side event ' Mainstreaming biodiversity for improved human nutrition and well-being: moving from global initiatives to local action' on the occasion of the 15th Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Rome, Italy - January 20th 2015
Find out more about the initiative here:
http://www.bioversityinternational.org/research-portfolio/diet-diversity/biodiversity-for-food-and-nutrition/
Visit the B4FN website:
http://www.b4fn.org/home.html
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2. Our Team
• Southampton (Poppy, Eigenbrod,
Hudson, Madise, Schreckenberg,
plus Dawson, Margetts)
• Conservation International (USA)
• Basque Centre for Climate
Change
• CIAT & CI International Colombia
plus Colombian research centres,
universities and NGOs
• Chancellor College, Malawi, plus
Worldfish and LEAD Africa
3. The overarching goal is to explicitly quantify the
linkages between the natural ecosystem services
that affect – and are affected by – food security
and nutritional health for the rural poor at the
forest-agricultural interface
Photo by Erwin Palacios CI Colombia
6. ASSETS Research Themes
Theme 1:
Drivers, pressures and linkages between
food security, nutritional health and ES
• Relationships
between
forest ES, food
& health
• Identifying key
drivers and
pressures
7. Choice of Case studies-
cutting across two continents
Africa & Amazonia:
different situations…… much in common
• Deforestation:
Africa much more advanced
Amazonia in rapd transition due to a range of drivers
• impacted by climate change and extreme weather events
• issues of extreme poverty, malnutrition and inequality
Our workshops selected paired case study regions in
Malawi and Colombia- as the best locations to address
our research questions, but also because of links to
partner organisations already active locally
8. Sub-Saharan Africa: Malawi
• One of the poorest countries on earth:
52% in poverty, 29% undernourished
• Mostly deforested: 27% remaining
• Prolonged droughts and occasional
extreme rain
• Paired case study regions: East Chilwa
and Chingale (Zomba West)
• 80% of people are subsistence
farmers or smallholders;
• Differences in rainfall, water
availability, forest cover…
• ….but with some protected forests
and wetlands (under pressure from
overexploitation & drought) Data from UNDP, FAO, CIA
Factbook,; imafe from nyastimes
9. Amazonia: Colombia
• Extremes of wealth and poverty in a fast
growing economy
• 45% forested- mostly in Amazonia and
Andes, but under great pressure
• Suffering climate & weather extremes:
La Nina, Climate Change
• Paired case study regions: Upper and
Lower Caqueta:
• 62% living in poverty
• At different stages of transition- driven
by incoming settlers, clearance for
cattle, soya, biofuels
• Several protected forest areas
• Indigenous groups may be most Data from UNDP, FAO, CIA
threatened by land use changes Factbook; image from
10. Participatory research
• Aims:
– To understand links between ES and food security
– To derive non-monetary values for different ES
• Well-being ranking of study communities
• Focus groups (differentiated by social group) to:
– Understand local concepts of food (in)security
– Identify ES that contribute to food security at different
temporal and spatial scales
• Seasonal calendars – seasonal coping strategies
• Community timelines – inter-annual food security
• Matrix scoring and ranking to prioritise the most important ES
for food security for different groups
• Participatory economic valuation of some ES
14. Measuring household poverty, food
security, and nutrition health
Aims:
• Identify poverty status of households using
objective and subjective measures
(expenditure, subjective wealth, assets)
• Measure food security and nutritional status of
under-five children in households across the
forest-agricultural gradient
• Deeper understanding of coping mechanisms
• Disseminate to, and feedback from the local
community
15. Food security surveys
• Aim : Assess availability, access, and utilisation of food
and how ES affects each
• Measures (men, women, children)
– Number of meals eaten on regular day/ yesterday
– Frequency of not having enough to eat in the past 6
months
– Frequency of sleeping hungry
– Detailed food consumption data including types,
sources, amounts (weighed), repeated to capture
seasonal variation
• Perception of hunger
– has enough to eat
– Hunger
• Nutritional health surveys
– Anthropometric measurements
16. ASSETS Research Themes
Theme 2:
Crises and tipping points: Past, present and
future interactions between food insecurity
and ES at the forest-agricultural interface
• Coping strategies
• Future scenarios
http://blogs.reuters.com/photographers-blog/2010/08/12/an-
aerial-view-of-sumatra-island/
17. The ARIES Model:
Artificial Intelligence for
Ecosystem Services
A bit of history
• Initially developed at the University
of Vermont (Gund Institute) and
Conservation International mainly
on NSF money by ESPA co-PI
Ferdinando Villa (now at Basque
Centre for Climate Change, Bilbao
Spain)
• Co-lead on ARIES is Miroslav Honzák
at Conservation International
Malawian boy, Zomba,
(Washington) November 2010
18. ARIES: summary
• A rapid spatial assessment tool for ecosystem
services and their values; not a single model but an
artificial intelligence assisted system that
customizes models to user goals.
• Demonstrates a mapping process for ecosystem
service provision, use, sink and flow while most ES
assessments only look at provision.
• Probabilistic, Bayesian models inform decision-
makers about the likelihood of possible scenarios;
users can explore effects of policy changes and
external events on estimates of uncertainty.
22. ASSETS Research Themes
Theme 3:
The science-policy interface: How can we
manage ES to reduce food insecurity and
increase nutritional health?
• Minimising risk of future
environmental change
• Influencing policy to better
manage ES conflicts, trade-offs
and synergies to sustain food
security and health?
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/744
5570.stm
24. Stakeholder Engagement & Feedback
Target audience
• Community members
– Through village meetings, community radios
• National policymakers e.g. Govt, civil society,
NGOs
– National advisory board meetings, briefings, policy
briefs
• International policymakers
– Scientific advisory meetings & through partners
(CIAT, CI, WorldFish)
• Academic beneficiaries
25. Our consortium will undertake world class research on
ecosystem services (ES) for poverty alleviation at the
forest-agricultural interface and deliver evidence from a
range of sources and in various formats to inform policy
and behaviour.
Photo by Erwin Palacios CI
Colombia
We hope to make a difference to the lives of 2 million poor people
living in our case-study regions – up to 550 million people living in
similar environments around the world.
Editor's Notes
Source: Mathews Tsirizeni – LEAD Southern & Eastern Africa. Note – this slide has animation – the first picture shows flooding, the second the participatory GIS they have been doing to identify causes and solutions.
The provisionshed is constituted by all different ecosystem sources where the service is generated. The benefitshed identifies areas where potential recipients or users of benefit are. Precise pathways of flow from their point of origin to beneficiaries are identified. One of the key features of ARIES and what makes it different from other approaches is the flow analysis of ecosystem services.
For each specific beneficiary we can quantify, fluxes are precise and spatial, so it is known how much of the service reaches each beneficiary, and the trajectories required for the service to flow. Point by point we can tell how much each beneficiary receives from which specific area and this has important implications for example in payments for ecosystem services. As an example the analysis allows to identify areas that are critical for the delivery of a given service. Critical areas of ES flow should be given the highest importance in planning conservation of biodiversity and ES.