Präsentation von Dr. Johannes Betz, Jahrestagung 2022 des Öko-Instituts " Wende? Nur sozial! Wie ökologische Transformationen gerecht sein können", 22. Juni 2022, dbb forum, Berlin
Webinaire : Innovation et infrastructure - Moteurs de la transition energetiq...Cluster TWEED
Découvrez les opportunités liées aux innovations technologiques et nouvelles infrastructures durables initiées par la transition énergétique, par le biais des présentations du directeur du Innovation & Technology Center de l'Agence internationale pour les énergies renouvelables, et du coordinateur du programme Sustainable Cities and Settlements de la division Energy Systems and Infrastructure de l'UNIDO.
Webinaire : Innovation et infrastructure - Moteurs de la transition energetiq...Cluster TWEED
Découvrez les opportunités liées aux innovations technologiques et nouvelles infrastructures durables initiées par la transition énergétique, par le biais des présentations du directeur du Innovation & Technology Center de l'Agence internationale pour les énergies renouvelables, et du coordinateur du programme Sustainable Cities and Settlements de la division Energy Systems and Infrastructure de l'UNIDO.
New base 31 july 2021 energy news issue 1446 by khaled al awadiKhaled Al Awadi
NewBase 31 July 2021 Energy News issue - 1446 by Khaled Al Awadi
NewBase 31 July 2021 Energy News issue - 1446 by Khaled Al Awadi
NewBase 31 July 2021 Energy News issue - 1446 by Khaled Al Awadi
NewBase 31 July 2021 Energy News issue - 1446 by Khaled Al Awadi
BHC Conference : Joining forces on Hydrogen – Belgium, Benelux and its neighb...Cluster TWEED
The Belgian Hydrogen Council (BHC) held its first public conference in Brussels, organized by WaterstofNet and Cluster TWEED.
With the BHC, launched in March 2023, WaterstofNet and Cluster TWEED joined forces between their regional clusters Waterstof Industrie Cluster and H2Hub Wallonia under the umbrella of the Belgian Hydrogen Council.
With around 400 registrations from companies, research institutions, governments, foreign embassies and journalists, the Dockx Dome Event hall was packed.
On the program for the day: opening speeches by regional Ministers Jo Brouns and Philippe Henry, 6 key note speeches by Tom Hautekiet (president of the BHC), Steven Libbrecht (CEO Hydrogen Council), Namibian ambassador Mekondjo Kaapanda-Girnus, CEO of CMB Alexander Saverys, professor at University de Liège Aurore Richel and Ruud Kempener who works at the cabinet of European Commissioner Kadri Simson. We had the honor of welcoming Federal Minister Tinne Van der Straeten to close our conference with an exiting speech.
The speeches were complemented by 4 dynamic panel discussions on Belgium as a large hydrogen offtake, a key technology supplier, a world leader on hydrogen R&D and as an important partner for regional, European and international collaboration.
The main message throughout the day: Realistic ambitions over euphoria !
The attendees were also introduced to a brand new BHC company directory brochure wherein we showcase our Belgian companies and expertise around the Belgian value chain.
Thanks to all speakers and participants to make this a successful first edition of the Belgian Hydrogen Council conference !
Hydrogène : promesses et défis dans l'industrie automobile | LIEGE CREATIVE, ...LIEGE CREATIVE
Comme de nombreux secteurs, l’industrie automobile est confrontée à une transformation radicale sous l’action de la pression des défis que la société doit relever pour la prochaine décennie.
C’est dans ce contexte de changements, que l’Université de Liège a réalisé le livre blanc « FUTURE MOVE » au sein du projet Pôle Automobile Européen (PAE).
Outre la crise sanitaire, l’électrification, l’essor de la mobilité douce, l’automatisation de la conduite et la digitalisation, la décarbonisation du secteur automobile s’impose comme une des lignes de force à l’horizon 2030-2035. Ces transformations posent de nombreux défis techniques, juridiques ou sociologiques pour lesquels des solutions restent à trouver.
En particulier, le livre blanc a identifié le développement des véhicules à hydrogène comme un des axes importants de la relance et de la décarbonisation des transports dans la Grande Région. Les constructeurs voient dans l’hydrogène un axe prometteur pour les véhicules lourds et les véhicules utilitaires. L’émergence de cette nouvelle motorisation va de paire avec la mise sur pied de la filière de production d’hydrogène vert et avec l’installation d’un réseau de distribution.
Comment cette technologie sera-t-elle intégrée par l’industrie automobile européenne ? Quelles sont les opportunités pour les PME et la recherche universitaire ? Quels seront les nouveaux acteurs de demain dans cette nouvelle filière ? Comment relever le challenge de la formation du personnel ?
News release - European industry can save 5 billion tons of CO2 by 2050Leonardo ENERGY
According to a study conducted by the Leibniz University-Hannover and the Copper Alliance, the five biggest energy-intensive industrial branches in Europe have the potential to save more than 5 billion tons of CO2. They can do this by switching from fossil energy to 100% electricity for heat production. The technology needed for this switch is available through electromagnetic processing of materials (EPM). The significant CO2 savings can be achieved thanks to the ever-increasing contribution of renewable sources to electricity generation in Europe, in combination with the inherent efficiency of EPM technologies.
Report on major trends affecting future demand for critical raw materialsLGI
Critical raw materials (CRMs) have many different applications in modern products, from wind turbines to smartphones, fertilisers to jet engines. If future demand changes for CRMs, their criticality could as well. A qualitative and quantitative assessment of some of the most CRM-intensive applications was conducted. This presentation explores what changes we can expect in CRM supply at the EU level.
Apidays Helsinki 2024 - Data Ecosystems Driving the Green Transition by Olli ...apidays
Data Ecosystems Driving the Green Transition
Olli Kilpeläinen, VP - Data Platform & Ecosystem at Betolar
Apidays Helsinki & North 2024 - Connecting Physical and Digital: Sustainable APIs for the Era of AI, Super and Quantum Computing (May 28 and 29, 2024)
------
Check out our conferences at https://www.apidays.global/
Do you want to sponsor or talk at one of our conferences?
https://apidays.typeform.com/to/ILJeAaV8
Learn more on APIscene, the global media made by the community for the community:
https://www.apiscene.io
Explore the API ecosystem with the API Landscape:
https://apilandscape.apiscene.io/
Andrew Bowerbank, former Executive Director of the World Green Building Council, and founder of the EC3 Initiative gives an update on electric vehicle technologies and the implications for builders, with a specific focus on Canada.
New base 31 july 2021 energy news issue 1446 by khaled al awadiKhaled Al Awadi
NewBase 31 July 2021 Energy News issue - 1446 by Khaled Al Awadi
NewBase 31 July 2021 Energy News issue - 1446 by Khaled Al Awadi
NewBase 31 July 2021 Energy News issue - 1446 by Khaled Al Awadi
NewBase 31 July 2021 Energy News issue - 1446 by Khaled Al Awadi
BHC Conference : Joining forces on Hydrogen – Belgium, Benelux and its neighb...Cluster TWEED
The Belgian Hydrogen Council (BHC) held its first public conference in Brussels, organized by WaterstofNet and Cluster TWEED.
With the BHC, launched in March 2023, WaterstofNet and Cluster TWEED joined forces between their regional clusters Waterstof Industrie Cluster and H2Hub Wallonia under the umbrella of the Belgian Hydrogen Council.
With around 400 registrations from companies, research institutions, governments, foreign embassies and journalists, the Dockx Dome Event hall was packed.
On the program for the day: opening speeches by regional Ministers Jo Brouns and Philippe Henry, 6 key note speeches by Tom Hautekiet (president of the BHC), Steven Libbrecht (CEO Hydrogen Council), Namibian ambassador Mekondjo Kaapanda-Girnus, CEO of CMB Alexander Saverys, professor at University de Liège Aurore Richel and Ruud Kempener who works at the cabinet of European Commissioner Kadri Simson. We had the honor of welcoming Federal Minister Tinne Van der Straeten to close our conference with an exiting speech.
The speeches were complemented by 4 dynamic panel discussions on Belgium as a large hydrogen offtake, a key technology supplier, a world leader on hydrogen R&D and as an important partner for regional, European and international collaboration.
The main message throughout the day: Realistic ambitions over euphoria !
The attendees were also introduced to a brand new BHC company directory brochure wherein we showcase our Belgian companies and expertise around the Belgian value chain.
Thanks to all speakers and participants to make this a successful first edition of the Belgian Hydrogen Council conference !
Hydrogène : promesses et défis dans l'industrie automobile | LIEGE CREATIVE, ...LIEGE CREATIVE
Comme de nombreux secteurs, l’industrie automobile est confrontée à une transformation radicale sous l’action de la pression des défis que la société doit relever pour la prochaine décennie.
C’est dans ce contexte de changements, que l’Université de Liège a réalisé le livre blanc « FUTURE MOVE » au sein du projet Pôle Automobile Européen (PAE).
Outre la crise sanitaire, l’électrification, l’essor de la mobilité douce, l’automatisation de la conduite et la digitalisation, la décarbonisation du secteur automobile s’impose comme une des lignes de force à l’horizon 2030-2035. Ces transformations posent de nombreux défis techniques, juridiques ou sociologiques pour lesquels des solutions restent à trouver.
En particulier, le livre blanc a identifié le développement des véhicules à hydrogène comme un des axes importants de la relance et de la décarbonisation des transports dans la Grande Région. Les constructeurs voient dans l’hydrogène un axe prometteur pour les véhicules lourds et les véhicules utilitaires. L’émergence de cette nouvelle motorisation va de paire avec la mise sur pied de la filière de production d’hydrogène vert et avec l’installation d’un réseau de distribution.
Comment cette technologie sera-t-elle intégrée par l’industrie automobile européenne ? Quelles sont les opportunités pour les PME et la recherche universitaire ? Quels seront les nouveaux acteurs de demain dans cette nouvelle filière ? Comment relever le challenge de la formation du personnel ?
News release - European industry can save 5 billion tons of CO2 by 2050Leonardo ENERGY
According to a study conducted by the Leibniz University-Hannover and the Copper Alliance, the five biggest energy-intensive industrial branches in Europe have the potential to save more than 5 billion tons of CO2. They can do this by switching from fossil energy to 100% electricity for heat production. The technology needed for this switch is available through electromagnetic processing of materials (EPM). The significant CO2 savings can be achieved thanks to the ever-increasing contribution of renewable sources to electricity generation in Europe, in combination with the inherent efficiency of EPM technologies.
Report on major trends affecting future demand for critical raw materialsLGI
Critical raw materials (CRMs) have many different applications in modern products, from wind turbines to smartphones, fertilisers to jet engines. If future demand changes for CRMs, their criticality could as well. A qualitative and quantitative assessment of some of the most CRM-intensive applications was conducted. This presentation explores what changes we can expect in CRM supply at the EU level.
Apidays Helsinki 2024 - Data Ecosystems Driving the Green Transition by Olli ...apidays
Data Ecosystems Driving the Green Transition
Olli Kilpeläinen, VP - Data Platform & Ecosystem at Betolar
Apidays Helsinki & North 2024 - Connecting Physical and Digital: Sustainable APIs for the Era of AI, Super and Quantum Computing (May 28 and 29, 2024)
------
Check out our conferences at https://www.apidays.global/
Do you want to sponsor or talk at one of our conferences?
https://apidays.typeform.com/to/ILJeAaV8
Learn more on APIscene, the global media made by the community for the community:
https://www.apiscene.io
Explore the API ecosystem with the API Landscape:
https://apilandscape.apiscene.io/
Andrew Bowerbank, former Executive Director of the World Green Building Council, and founder of the EC3 Initiative gives an update on electric vehicle technologies and the implications for builders, with a specific focus on Canada.
Similar to At other countries' expense? Lithium-Ion Batteries as Backbone of the Mobility Transition (20)
Technische Probleme in den französischen AKW und ihre AuswirkungenOeko-Institut
Präsentation von Dr. Christoph Pistner, "Misère Nucléaire – Wenn AKW ungeplant ausfallen", Schweizerische Energie-Stiftung, Trinationaler Atomschutzverband, 30.06.2023, Basel
Präsentation von Dr. Katja Schumacher, Symposium „Klimaschutz in Caritas und Diakonie: Den Weg erfolgreich gestalten“ der Versicherer im Raum der Kirchen Akademie GmbH, 29.9.2022
Das Projekt „compan-e – Wege zur elektrischen und nachhaltigen Unternehmensmobilität“ versteht sich als übergeordnetes Forschungsprojekt, das den Übergang von der bisherigen vereinzelten und pilothaften Erprobung von Elektromobilität in Unternehmen hin zum „Mainstream“ in der gewerblichen Mobilität wissenschaftlich begleitet und durch den koordinierten Erfahrungsaustausch und gezielte Informationsangebote, die auch jenseits der Projektbeteiligten wirksam werden, beschleunigt.
compan-e: Befragungsergebnisse Themenfeld Ladeinfrastruktur am WohnortOeko-Institut
Das Projekt „compan-e – Wege zur elektrischen und nachhaltigen Unternehmensmobilität“ versteht sich als übergeordnetes Forschungsprojekt, das den Übergang von der bisherigen vereinzelten und pilothaften Erprobung von Elektromobilität in Unternehmen hin zum „Mainstream“ in der gewerblichen Mobilität wissenschaftlich begleitet und durch den koordinierten Erfahrungsaustausch und gezielte Informationsangebote, die auch jenseits der Projektbeteiligten wirksam werden, beschleunigt.
Das Projekt „compan-e – Wege zur elektrischen und nachhaltigen Unternehmensmobilität“ versteht sich als übergeordnetes Forschungsprojekt, das den Übergang von der bisherigen vereinzelten und pilothaften Erprobung von Elektromobilität in Unternehmen hin zum „Mainstream“ in der gewerblichen Mobilität wissenschaftlich begleitet und durch den koordinierten Erfahrungsaustausch und gezielte Informationsangebote, die auch jenseits der Projektbeteiligten wirksam werden, beschleunigt.
compan-e: Befragungsergebnisse Themenfeld Car PolicyOeko-Institut
Das Projekt „compan-e – Wege zur elektrischen und nachhaltigen Unternehmensmobilität“ versteht sich als übergeordnetes Forschungsprojekt, das den Übergang von der bisherigen vereinzelten und pilothaften Erprobung von Elektromobilität in Unternehmen hin zum „Mainstream“ in der gewerblichen Mobilität wissenschaftlich begleitet und durch den koordinierten Erfahrungsaustausch und gezielte Informationsangebote, die auch jenseits der Projektbeteiligten wirksam werden, beschleunigt.
Soziale Aspekte von Klimakrise und KlimapolitikOeko-Institut
Präsentation von Dirk Arne Heyen, DVSG-Bundeskongress, Forum 9: Die sozial-ökologische Transformation: Wie kann Soziale Arbeit zu sozial gerechtem Klimaschutz beitragen?, 10.11.222, Kassel
Salas, V. (2024) "John of St. Thomas (Poinsot) on the Science of Sacred Theol...Studia Poinsotiana
I Introduction
II Subalternation and Theology
III Theology and Dogmatic Declarations
IV The Mixed Principles of Theology
V Virtual Revelation: The Unity of Theology
VI Theology as a Natural Science
VII Theology’s Certitude
VIII Conclusion
Notes
Bibliography
All the contents are fully attributable to the author, Doctor Victor Salas. Should you wish to get this text republished, get in touch with the author or the editorial committee of the Studia Poinsotiana. Insofar as possible, we will be happy to broker your contact.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
DERIVATION OF MODIFIED BERNOULLI EQUATION WITH VISCOUS EFFECTS AND TERMINAL V...Wasswaderrick3
In this book, we use conservation of energy techniques on a fluid element to derive the Modified Bernoulli equation of flow with viscous or friction effects. We derive the general equation of flow/ velocity and then from this we derive the Pouiselle flow equation, the transition flow equation and the turbulent flow equation. In the situations where there are no viscous effects , the equation reduces to the Bernoulli equation. From experimental results, we are able to include other terms in the Bernoulli equation. We also look at cases where pressure gradients exist. We use the Modified Bernoulli equation to derive equations of flow rate for pipes of different cross sectional areas connected together. We also extend our techniques of energy conservation to a sphere falling in a viscous medium under the effect of gravity. We demonstrate Stokes equation of terminal velocity and turbulent flow equation. We look at a way of calculating the time taken for a body to fall in a viscous medium. We also look at the general equation of terminal velocity.
Phenomics assisted breeding in crop improvementIshaGoswami9
As the population is increasing and will reach about 9 billion upto 2050. Also due to climate change, it is difficult to meet the food requirement of such a large population. Facing the challenges presented by resource shortages, climate
change, and increasing global population, crop yield and quality need to be improved in a sustainable way over the coming decades. Genetic improvement by breeding is the best way to increase crop productivity. With the rapid progression of functional
genomics, an increasing number of crop genomes have been sequenced and dozens of genes influencing key agronomic traits have been identified. However, current genome sequence information has not been adequately exploited for understanding
the complex characteristics of multiple gene, owing to a lack of crop phenotypic data. Efficient, automatic, and accurate technologies and platforms that can capture phenotypic data that can
be linked to genomics information for crop improvement at all growth stages have become as important as genotyping. Thus,
high-throughput phenotyping has become the major bottleneck restricting crop breeding. Plant phenomics has been defined as the high-throughput, accurate acquisition and analysis of multi-dimensional phenotypes
during crop growing stages at the organism level, including the cell, tissue, organ, individual plant, plot, and field levels. With the rapid development of novel sensors, imaging technology,
and analysis methods, numerous infrastructure platforms have been developed for phenotyping.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
At other countries' expense? Lithium-Ion Batteries as Backbone of the Mobility Transition
1. www.oeko.de
At other countries' expense?
Lithium-Ion Batteries as Backbone of the Mobility Transition
Dr. Johannes Betz
Jahrestagung des Öko-Instituts
22. Juni 2022 dbb forum berlin
2. 2
www.oeko.de
Demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs)
(1) The data refers to the year 2018. Source: Pillot, Christophe (2019): Impact of the xEV Market growth on
Lithium-Ion Batteries and Raw Materials Supply 2018-2030 AABC: advanced automotive battery
conference. 30 Januar 2019, Strasbourg, Frankreich https://bit.ly/3mq2oPV accessed on 5.6.2020
(2) Eurostat; Figure: Oeko-Institut 2019
Johannes Betz │Berlin│22.06.2022
Sources: Eurostat; Figure: Oeko-Institut 2019
Global GWh
demand
(2)
(1)
● Share of LIBs in EU vehicles forecast to rise
to over 85% by 2030
3. 3
www.oeko.de
Material demand in the EU for LIB cell and pack production
● Aluminium accounts for the
largest share of the demand
● Almost all materials are
extracted to a large extent by
mining
● The battery sector dominates
the demand for lithium and
cobalt
● The growth of the nickel and
flake graphite market is driven
by LIBs
(1) Bittner, Andreas; Flegler, Andreas; Neef, Christoph; Rostek, Leon; Stijepic, Denis; Tercero
Espinoza, Luis Alberto; Thielmann, Axel (2021): Quantifizierung Batterierecycling. Edited by
Fraunhofer. Karlsruhe.
Johannes Betz │Berlin│22.06.2022
(1)
5. 5
www.oeko.de
Challenges of lithium mining
• Hard rock mining (mainly Australia):
• Mining of spodumene in open pits
• Extraction followed by roasting and acid treatment
• Related problems are
• Heavy metal pollution
• Acid mine drainage
• Energy intensive processing
• Lithium rich brines in the Andes region
• Evaporating water out of a hyper-saline solution in
arid region leading to
• Water scarcity, leading to social tensions
• Dust evolution
• Refining mostly takes place in China
https://d2j21x2d72g5zn.cloudfront.net/Greenbushes_Australia.jpg-A.jpg (19.06.2022)
Picture “20170809 Bolivia 1505 crop Uyuni sRGB” by Dan Lundberg, licensed under CC BY-SA 2.0
Johannes Betz │Berlin│22.06.2022
6. 6
www.oeko.de
Lithium mining in Germany
• In Germany, there is a large lithium deposit in the Upper Rhine Valley.
• Extraction from thermal water, with simultaneous use of electricity and heat
• Less water consumption, short transport distances
• Currently only pilot operation
• Planned production of over 4 000 t/a of Li in 2024, over 11 500 t/a in 2025
• World lithium production in 2020 was 82 500 t/a
• Further deposit in Eastern Germany (Zinnwald) with over 1 500 t/a Li planned for
the future
https://www.electrive.net/2022/01/04/vulcan-energy-erhaelt-fuenf-explorationslizenzen-im-
oberrheingraben/ (19.06.2022)
http://www.deutschelithium.de/projekte/zinnwald-lithium-projekt/ (19.06.2022)
Johannes Betz │Berlin│22.06.2022
7. 7
www.oeko.de
Sustainable Mining
• Minimizing the impact of mining by choosing the right spots
and maximizing the sustainability during production
• Several important aspects to improve mining, for example:
• Free prior and informed consent
• Good working conditions
• Minimizing ecological impact and circularize production
• Use of renewable energy for mining and processing
• Remediation of abandoned mines
• Formalization of artisanal and small scale mining (ASM) sector
(especially for cobalt)
Johannes Betz │Berlin│22.06.2022
Betz, J., Degreif, S., & Dolega, P. (2021).
State of Play and Roadmap Concept:
Mobility Sector: RE-SOURCING Deliverable
4.2. Darmstadt. Öko-Institut e.V. https://re-
sourcing.eu/files/sop_mobility_sector.pdf
8. 8
www.oeko.de
Standards for the lithium-ion battery value chain
Betz, J., Degreif, S., & Dolega, P. (2021). State of Play and Roadmap Concept: Mobility Sector:
RE-SOURCING Deliverable 4.2. Darmstadt. Öko-Institut e.V. https://re-
sourcing.eu/files/sop_mobility_sector.pdf
Johannes Betz │Berlin│22.06.2022
9. 9
www.oeko.de
Many standards - strong standards?
• Example IRMA (Initiative for Responsible
Mining Assurance)
• Important points:
• Covering all industrial mined materials
• Governed equitably by a diverse set of
stakeholders (NGOs have a seat at the table)
• Developed through public consultation
• Step by step improvement system
• Independent audits including on-site visits
• Audit reports are published
https://www.iisd.org/system/files/publications/igf-ssi-review-extractive-economy.pdf (19.06.2022)
Johannes Betz │Berlin│22.06.2022
10. 10
www.oeko.de
Reduction of resource demand
• Sufficiency (behavioral change for sustainability)
• Less individual transport with own car (car sharing instead)
• More transport on foot, by bicycle or public transport
• Substitution
• e.g., cobalt-free lithium-ion battery cells (LFP)
• Material efficiency + innovation
• Less inactive materials, more energy per mass and volume
• Recycling
• High collection rates
• High recycling efficiency
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Allocation_of_Space_for_Transport_Infrastructure_-
_Example_of_Berlin.png, 19.06.2022
https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2014/04/02/11/13/recycling-305569__340.png 19.06.2022
Johannes Betz │Berlin│22.06.2022
11. 11
www.oeko.de
Role of recycling to satisfy resource demand
Stahl et al. (2021) Assessment of Options to Improve Particular Aspects of the EU Regulatory
Framework on Batteries for the European Commission
Johannes Betz │Berlin│22.06.2022
500 000
1 000 000
1 500 000
2 000 000
2 500 000
3 000 000
3 500 000
4 000 000
2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035
Traktionsbatterien
in
Tonnen
Forecast traction batteries PoM and EoL in the EU 27 in tonnes
Traction batteries PoM Traction batteries EoL
Growing markets with long-life products (EVs) will take time before large volumes are recycled
and resources are returned
12. 12
www.oeko.de
Concluding remarks
• If motorized individual transport is desired, batteries for electromobility are needed
• Measures to flatten the demand for resources are important
• Recycling of batteries is crucial, but not sufficient
• Mining will play a role for the foreseeable future
• The impact of resource supply through recycling will increase over time
• High, mandatory standards (Mandatory Due Diligence).
• Not only for battery raw materials, but also for crude oil!!!
• Until then, support strong voluntary standards like IRMA
• Promote European mining, provided high environmental and social standards are met
• Compare resource requirements of electric vehicles and cars with combustion engines:
• Crude oil cannot be recycled
• Once the share of electric cars rises to 100%, the peak of resource consumption in this sector will be reached
Betz, J.; Buchert, M.; Dolega, P.; Bulach, W.; Resource consumption of the passenger vehicle sector in Germany until
2035 – the impact of different drive systems, Study on behalf of the German Federal Ministry for the Environment,
Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety, scientific review by Mathieu, L (T&E) and Helms, H. (ifeu institute), 2021
Johannes Betz │Berlin│22.06.2022
13. 13
www.oeko.de
Thank you very much!
Dr. Johannes Betz
Researcher
Resources & Transport
Darmstadt
+49 6151 8191-174
j.betz@oeko.de
Johannes Betz │Berlin│22.06.2022