This document provides an overview of asthma, including its definition, causes, symptoms, types, diagnosis, treatment, complications and prevention. Asthma is a chronic lung condition characterized by inflammation and constriction of the airways. Common triggers include allergens, irritants, pollution and emotions. Symptoms involve wheezing, coughing, chest tightness and shortness of breath. Treatment includes quick-relief inhalers and medication management. Complications arise from uncontrolled symptoms interfering with daily life. Prevention focuses on trigger avoidance, medication adherence and vaccination.

1. Prepared by:
Muhammad Danish
Sharal Arif
Mumtaz Ali

2.  At the end of this presentation student will be able to:
 Define Asthma.
 Causes of Asthma
 Sign and symptoms
 Treatment
 Pathophysiology of Asthma
 Types of Asthma
 Diagnostic Test of Asthma
 Complications
 Prevention

3.  Asthma is a condition in which your airways narrow
and swell and may produce extra mucus. This can make
breathing difficult and trigger coughing, a whistling
sound (wheezing) when you breathe out and shortness
of breath

5.  Physical activity
 Cold air
 Air pollutants and irritants, such as smoke
 Strong emotions and stress
 Airborne allergens
 pollen

6. Irritants:
 Environmental tobacco smoke or second hand
smoke

 Air pollution
 Chemicals and strong smells

7.  Shortness of breath
 Chest tightness or pain
 Wheezing when exhaling. (which is a
common sign of asthma in children)
 Excessive fatigue
 Coughing

8. Severe asthma attacks can be life-threatening.
 Rapid worsening of shortness of breath or
wheezing
 No improvement even after using a quick-relief
inhaler
 Shortness of breath when you are doing
minimal physical activity

9.  Quick-Relief Inhaler Use:
 Use 10-15 minutes before
warm-up as a pre-treatment
 Take 1 puff, hold breath 10 seconds, exhale
 Wait 1-2 minutes and repeat

10. When it is cold outside, ask students with
asthma to:
 Warm up longer
 Wear masks or scarves to warm air

11.  Asthma is a common pulmonary condition defined by
chronic inflammation of respiratory tubes, tightening of
respiratory smooth muscle, and episodes of
bronchoconstriction. The Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention estimate that 1 in 11 children and 1 in
12 adults have asthma in the United States of America.

12. 1- Mild persistent Asthma:
 shortness of breath
 whistling when you breathe ( wheezing)
 coughing
 mucus buildup in the airways

13. 2- Moderate persistent Asthma:
 Chest tightness
 Chest pain
 Shortness of breath
 Mucus lining in the airway
 Coughing

14. 3- Severe persistent Asthma (more than twice a week)
 shortness of breath,
 chest tightness,
 cough
4- Seasonal Asthma :
 Sneezing
 runny or stuffy nose
 watery and itchy eyes

15.  A healthcare professional makes an
asthma diagnosis after:
 Taking a complete history
 Performing a physical exam
 Perform breathing tests
 Chest X-Ray
 Arterial Blood Gas (ABG)

16.  Signs and symptoms that interfere with sleep, work and
other activities
 Sick days from work or school during asthma flare-ups
 A permanent narrowing of the tubes that carry air to
and from your lungs
 Emergency room visits and hospitalizations for severe
asthma attacks

17.  Get vaccinated for influenza and pneumonia.
 Identify and avoid asthma triggers.(allergens and irritants)
 Monitor your breathing.( such as slight coughing, wheezing or shortness of
breath.)
 Take your medication as prescribed.
 Pay attention to increasing quick-relief inhaler use.
 Drinks extra fluid in the winter.
 Carry an inhaler with you.

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