This document provides an overview of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) including a brief history and description of some key ART techniques. It notes that ART was pioneered in the late 1970s with the first "test tube baby" born in 1978 using in vitro fertilization (IVF). Some main ART techniques discussed include IVF, zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT), intra uterine transfer (IUT), gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT), and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Artificial insemination is also mentioned as a technique used for both human infertility treatment and livestock improvement.

1. Assisted Reproductive Technology(ART)
Lecture By:- Dr. Mohan Kumar

2. Outline
History of ART
ZIFT
IUT
GIFT
ICSI
Artificial insemination

3. Assisted Reproductive Technology
• Also called: ART, In Vitro Fertilization, IVF.
• Assisted reproductive technology (ART) is used
to treat infertility.
• It includes fertility treatments that handle
both a woman's egg and a man's sperm.

4. History of ART
• More then two decades ago, an experimental procedure called in
vitro fertilization(IVF), in which doctors joined a women’s egg and
man’s sperm in a glass dish in a laboratory.
• For the first time, conception happened outside the women’s body.
• After nine month
• The first baby test tube was born.

5. Conti…

6. Dr. Subhash Mukhopadhyay
From Hazaribag

7. Some main ART techniques are

8. 1. In vitro fertilization(IVF)
• IVF stands for in vitro fertilization. It is one of the more
widely known types of assisted reproductive
technology (ART).
• IVF works by using a combination of medicines and
surgical procedures to help sperm fertilize an egg, and
help the fertilized egg implant in female uterus.

9. 2. Intra Uterine Transfer(IUT)
• IUT (Intra Uterine Transfer), in which embryos of more
than 8 blastomeres are transferred into the uterus. ...
• ICSI (Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection) is carried out by
directly injecting sperm into the ovum to form an embryo
in the laboratory. Embryo transfer is done later on.

10. Zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT)
• Zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT) is an infertility
treatment used when a blockage in the fallopian tubes
prevents the normal binding of sperm to the egg.
• Egg cells are removed from a woman's ovaries, and in vitro
fertilised.
• The resulting zygote is placed into the fallopian tube by the
use of laparoscopy.

11. Artificial insemination
• Artificial insemination is the technique in which semen with
living sperms is collected from the male and introduced
into female reproductive tract at proper time with the help
of instruments. This has been found to result in a normal
offspring.
• Artificial insemination is not merely a novel method of
bringing about impregnation in females. Instead, it is a
powerful tool mostly employed for livestock improvement.