1. Tadd Mannino History 141, Spring 2011 Palomar College Into the Economic AbyssEric Hobsbawm Roosevelt and Hitler New Deal and Nazi Reactions To the Depression John A. Garraty

2. The Great Slump Near worldwide economic collapse 1920s - 1939 Pre-dates 1929 US Stock Market Crash Capitalist economies cycle high and low Approx. every 7 to 11 years Post WWI, global economy stagnated Inflation/devalued currency, unemployment, savings gone, no capital for business Non-existent social safety nets

3. The Great Depression US unscathed after WWI No war damage Least loss of life Economic leader of the world Leading import/exporter to Europe Largely self-sufficient Fails to involve itself in European matters Esp. in vacuum of England’s capacity as world bank Germany “kept weak” by War Repatriations Borrows heavily Nations seek to protect their own Abandon Gold standard, impose tariffs Address social, not economic issues USSR thrives, increased production, no unemployed But inefficient economy, brutal collectivization & mass repression

4. The Great Depression Feeling of fundamental failure of economy/world left three choices: Marxism Capitalism, modified w/social services Fascism National Socialism is most successful, economically At a great price for Germany and the world Depression not ended until outbreak of WWII

5. Roosevelt and Hitler Moral opposites, they reacted to Depression in similar ways 1933 – both took office a month apart, considered “intellectual lightweights,” both: Appealed to their social/economic opposites Used new media of radio brilliantly Used strong paternal, personal leadership Wanted to mobilize people’s energy

6. Roosevelt and Hitler Without economic experience, both faced nations in throes of Great Depression Similar actions Aid to unemployed, “social security” measures Manipulated agriculture to support farms/food prices Created civilian work camps Semi-military camps kept unemployed off streets & active Provided infrastructure, public works projects Neither “solved” problem of Depression

7. An Ocean Apart: The Anglo-American Relationship on the Eve of War David Dimbleby, David Reynolds The Race WarAmerican and Japanese Perceptions of the EnemyJohn W. Dower

8. Churchill and FDR 1930s – A troubling world Depression continues Japan invades China Nazis rise to power Britain, USA watched US isolationist, self-serving Britain war-shocked by WWI Much to lose, little to gain from war Tries to appease Hitler

9. Churchill and FDR US, Britain at odds over Trade imbalances, tariffs Air of distrust exists as both sense threat of Germany and Japan FDR wants to aid Britain, U.S. public does not 1939 –Hitler invades Poland, war declared US “Cash and Carry” allows support Goods, materiel and finally armaments

10. Churchill and FDR US still “neutral” FDR aids England Lend Lease Returns destroyers to Britain Churchill sees need for US Puts aside animosity FDR sees Britain as 1st line of defense 1941 – Pearl Harbor, America enters war

11. The Race War Both US and Japan used racial stereotypes to de-humanize, demonize their enemies US portrayed Japanese as: The Yellow Peril Inferior, sub-humans or supermen Primitive, child-like Vermin, monkeys Portrayals debased Japanese

12. The Race War Japanese racism based on: Contempt for westerners/non-Japanese White devils Racial revenge Patronize/rule over “child-like” Asians Portrayals elevated Japanese to “divine”