This document summarizes the history of the Panama Canal and the Los Angeles Aqueduct. It describes the failed French attempt to build a sea-level canal across Panama from 1879-1889, which was plagued by disease and technical difficulties. It then outlines the American acquisition of the Panama Canal Zone in 1903 and the construction of a lock-based canal under John Stevens from 1904-1914, which overcame the French failures through innovative engineering and sanitation. It also discusses William Mulholland's vision and construction of the Los Angeles Aqueduct from 1905-1913, which brought water from Owens Valley over 250 miles to rapidly growing LA. Both projects transformed their regions through immense public works that still function today.
Segundo alguns teóricos, no qual Libâneo, a Educação, sob a ótica construtivista pós-piagetianista, vem passando por diversas mudanças como a introdução de equipamentos tecnológicos nas escolas, deveres de casa online, salas de aula virtual. Com o intuito de integrar os estudantes e a sala de aula com a cibercultura.
En este artículo se analiza la responsabilidad patrimonial de la Administración Pública, utilizando a la legislación comparada para explicar nuestro punto de vista (AUTOR: JOSÉ MARÍA PACORI CARI)
The history of the Panama canal ideal for students worksheet included, this is part of a legacy left to us by the great engineers of the 18th and 19th Century.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
1.4 modern child centered education - mahatma gandhi-2.pptx
Assignment 4 - California Part 2
1. Tadd Mannino History 141, Spring 2011 Palomar College Panama & LA:The Waterworks That made the American West
2. A Man, A Plan, A Canal, Panama!The French Attempt 1879 - French envision a sea level canal Success seems assured after 110 mile Suez Canal, 1869 1880 - Ferdinand de Lessups begins work Visionary, but no engineer experience Jules Verne: “He has the genius of will” Plagued by rain, mudslides, 120° temp Typhoid, Malaria, Small Pox, Yellow Fever De Lessups undeterred “When problems arise, men of genius will solve them. Science will find a way.” Frenchmen volunteer out of national pride 1889 – project fails due to finances, 75% mortality rate (22,000), with only 1/3 complete
3. A Man, A Plan, A Canal, Panama!American Interest 1901 – Theodore Roosevelt takes office Envisions US dominance of Americas Panama Canal will ensure naval dominance 1903 – Treaty ceding canal zone to US from Columbia signed Not ratified by Columbia “Columbian Revolution” – Panamanian separatists seize control With backing of US business men and a US gunboat 1904 – Work begins on US project
4. A Man, A Plan, A Canal, Panama!The Big Ditch John Frank Stevens ends sea level plans Dammed rivers/lakes and locks more feasible Ships raised 85 ft., transit and return to sea level First built infrastructure needed Railroads, housing, medical facilities, proper sanitation Disease, especially Yellow Fever gone by 1905 American engineers innovative, French computational Machinery used on massive scale Locomotives, steam shovels, cranes, rock crushers, cement mixers, dredges, pneumatic power drills all new technology Culebra Cut, Gatun Dam finished Provides hydro electric power to operate Canal
5. A Man, A Plan, A Canal, Panama! US effort brought together knowledge/experience of: Railroad technology, hygiene, electrical engineering Canal saves 8000 miles of sea transit An Engineering marvel, even today Much original eqpt. still in use 15,000 ships/year US Cedes Canal to Panama 12/31/1999
6. Mulholland’s Dream Wm. Mullholland, Director of LA Dept. of Water Vision to “Develop the rivers & water supply for the benefit of the people.” LA growth impeded by lack of water Views Owens Lake/River as LA water supply 108 sq. mi. lake some 250 miles from LA Gravity feed to LA, downhill all the way 1905 – LA Water Dept. begins acquiring land Controversy to this day over how land rights acquired LA Times publishers, LA bigwigs aware of project buy up land Many Owen’s Valley farmers paid well for land Wm. Mullholland
7. Mulholland’s Dream LA voters approve $23 million bond 1908 – Construction begins 5000 workers Many ethnic groups - Greek, Bulgarian, Serb, Montenegrin, Swiss, and Mexican flock to good wages, long term work Workers received shelter, food and medical care Hard, grueling work 226 mi. of aqueduct, 120 mi. railroad, two dams w/ hydroelectric, 170 mi. power lines, 240 mi. telephone line, a cement plant, and 500 mi of roads Six million pounds of TNT used w/only 5 fatalities
8. Mulholland’s Dream 11/5/1913 – Opening of LA Aqueduct Ahead of schedule, under budget 30,000 people gather at Cascades “This rude platform is an altar, and on it we are here consecrating this water supply and dedicating the Aqueduct to you and your children and your children’s children-for all time.” Wm. Mullholland Gates opened, water flows, hundreds race to dip cups and drink from the flow 1920s – LA grows 11X faster than NYC
9. Mulholland’s Dream Unforeseen consequences Owens Lake dry by 1924 Farming impossible, migratory birds lose flyover, dust Some Owens Valley residents try to reverse project Some sabotage, all unsuccessful 1928 – St. Francis dam fails, 450 killed Worst engineering disaster of 20th century Mullholland resigns in disgrace His vision and aqueduct influenced Ca. like no other public works project