The present study was conducted on 1rtyear, radiological sciences students at Najran University to evaluate the achievement of undergraduate radiological sciences students in the CLOs assessment. Learning outcomes assessment for Introductory Physics 204 PHST 2 Year I at Department of Radiological sciences, Najran University was conducted by direct methods and compared the results of students’ achievement of the course learning outcomes by using different assessment approaches. The study was applied on30 students who enrolled in the course during academic year 2019 2020.Direct measurement was applied by linking of each CLO to exams questions on quizzes, midterm exams, final exams and Lab reports. The current study emphasizes that, both of the average and threshold approaches can examine the overall performance of the course, while the performance vector approach can display the distribution of students’ achievements of the course. Soheir E. Mohamed "Assessment of Students’ Achievement of Learning Outcomes by using Different Assessment Approaches" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38464.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/physics/38464/assessment-of-students’-achievement-of-learning-outcomes-by-using-different-assessment-approaches/soheir-e-mohamed
Higher educational system has gone through substantial reforms and changes
vis-à-vis curriculum innovation over the past years. The evaluation of a revised program is one of the most relevant courses of action done when curriculum change is
to be implemented. One of the main reasons is that it is a chance for practitioners
to test for themselves if their plan is working. It also serves as an identification of
the strengths and weaknesses of the said intervention. This study was conducted to
assess the results of the implementation of the Bachelor of Science in Medical Labo
-ratory Science program. It employed descriptive survey using two types of self-made
questionnaire, the Likert scale and open-ended type survey. Likewise, data on the
results of the graduates’ licensure examinations and status of employment were also
analyzed and correlated. Eighty two graduates from 2010 to 2012 of the enhanced
Medical Technology program of LPU-Batangas and 13 chief medical technologists
from identified affiliate-hospitals were surveyed about their perception on the at
-
tainment of the objectives, the realization of the core competencies as well as the
supposed strengths and weaknesses of the program. Results showed that objectives
were achieved alongside the significant improvements in the board performance and
employment rate were noted. This study can be used as a pilot study for other higher
education institutions with the same health program. This can also be used as a basis
for a curricular reform by assessing the different parameters that were identified.
Higher educational system has gone through substantial reforms and changes
vis-à-vis curriculum innovation over the past years. The evaluation of a revised program is one of the most relevant courses of action done when curriculum change is
to be implemented. One of the main reasons is that it is a chance for practitioners
to test for themselves if their plan is working. It also serves as an identification of
the strengths and weaknesses of the said intervention. This study was conducted to
assess the results of the implementation of the Bachelor of Science in Medical Labo
-ratory Science program. It employed descriptive survey using two types of self-made
questionnaire, the Likert scale and open-ended type survey. Likewise, data on the
results of the graduates’ licensure examinations and status of employment were also
analyzed and correlated. Eighty two graduates from 2010 to 2012 of the enhanced
Medical Technology program of LPU-Batangas and 13 chief medical technologists
from identified affiliate-hospitals were surveyed about their perception on the at
-
tainment of the objectives, the realization of the core competencies as well as the
supposed strengths and weaknesses of the program. Results showed that objectives
were achieved alongside the significant improvements in the board performance and
employment rate were noted. This study can be used as a pilot study for other higher
education institutions with the same health program. This can also be used as a basis
for a curricular reform by assessing the different parameters that were identified.
The differential impact of various assessment parameters on the medical stude...lukeman Joseph Ade shittu
This study was designed to assess the convergent validity of the professional anatomy (a multifaceted examination) with other markers of success (the various interactive assessment components of the curriculum) in determining the overall performance of third-year medical students. The aim was to isolate area of academic weakness among the students and to readjust the curriculum content to balance the weakness. A total of 66 third year medical students with records of their grades in the various assessments criteria were analyzed. Parameters on the average End-in course assessment, Short Essays Question (SEQ), Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQ), and Practical (Steeple-chase) were considered. The Practical significantly correlated with overall performance (r = 0.89, P< 0.01). The Practical, MCQ, SEQ and End incourse showed an overall rank order of relative performance in assessment tasks and therefore indicate that, in general, students performance in the Professional examination was better than in the End-incourse examination.
To evaluate the portfolio in assessing interprofessional learning between medical and midwifery students. The student portfolio is assessed using a rubric consisting of four assessment criteria. A total of 32 student portfolios were tested for reliability coefficients and interrater agreements. We conducted an in-depth interview with mentors and focus group discussion (FGD) with students for exploring their perceptions of the ability of the portfolio to assess the learning. Interview and FGD data were converted into verbatim transcripts then were analyzed by two coders using open coding techniques. The reliability coefficient is 0.808. Inter-rater agreements for each assessment criteria are ranging from moderate to high. Mentors and students have positive insights toward the assessment system. This study supports the use of portfolios as an interprofessional educational assessment tool.
Abstract— Medical Council of India has laid down the norms and guidelines for integrated teaching to enhance the students approach for learning in a comprehensive manner. A comparative interventional study was carried out on II MBBS students of SMS medical College, Jaipur to compare the effect of traditional teaching and integrated teaching method. After taking pre-test students were divided into two groups, one group underwent traditional teaching and other group is given integrated teaching on Bronchial Asthma. Post-test was taken after finishing the topic. Mean change in score improved in both the group were compared by unpaiered “t’ Test. Perception of students and faculty about new method was also found out. It was found in this study that mean change of score of students from pre-test to post-test in the study group was significantly higher (p<0.001) than in control group (3.43±1.88 v/s 0.65±1.81). More than 90 % students liked and retained the subject better with the new teaching methodology only 9.3% felt it more time consuming. Majority of faculty had liked this method.
Evaluation of Research Standards at Ministry of Research, Technology and High...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In order to accommodate research activities at all universities in Indonesia, the Directorate
Genereal of Strengthening for Research and Development, Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher
Education (Kemenristekdikti) of the Republic of Indonesia established research quality standard.
The standard includes the minimum targets that must be achieved by each University at the period of
conducting the research activity. However, until now there has been no measurement to find out whether
the existing standard was good enough or needs to be evaluated. Therefore, this study was conducted to
measure the standards. The method used was the analysis of I-MR (Individual and Moving Range) control
chart to see the performance of the standard. The results show that existing research schemes have
encouraged the improvement of international publications, but have not yet maximized the production of
other outputs such as textbooks, accredited national publications, intellectual property rights, and
ptototypes. The result of the research was expected to be used as material for evaluation and
improvement of policy to improve the quality of research standard in Kemenristekdikti.
impact of menstruation on academic performance among female nursing studentsYogeshIJTSRD
A quantitative descriptive research design was used to assess the impact of menstruation on academic performance among female nursing students of GNM Ist year at Rohilkhand School of nursing, Bareilly, UP. 50 female nursing students of GNM Ist year were selected through convenient sampling technique. The data were collected by assessment checklist of menstrual symptoms and academic performance. The result showed that28 56 were heavy abdomen cramp during menstruation, 34 68 students were getting anger during their periods,27 54 were having sleep disturbance, 36 72 were reported that they had pelvic pain, 32 64 students were having fatigue tiredness and 28 56 students having irritability during menstruation. The academic performance findings shows that 29 58 were not having interest to go to the college during menstruation33 66 were said that they had a feeling of hesitation to go for practical classes, 27 54 were not having interest to write their examination during menstruation, 28 66 were not able to complete their assignment in time and 26 52 students were having feeling of inferiority during menstruation. There was significant association between menstrual symptoms of abdominal cramps, anger, sleep disturbance, pelvic pain, fatigue, irritability, forgetfulness, headache, generalized body ache, loss of appetite, nausea vomiting, mood swings, breast tenderness and constipation with their selected baseline data of marital status, duration of menstrual cycle, regularity of menstruation, experience of menstrual symptoms and treatment of menstrual discomfort. The study concluded that that the menstrual symptoms having a major impact on academic performance of female students. So the study findings suggested the students need counseling or related facilities to reduce the effect of menstrual symptoms on academic performance. Preeti Bahuguna | Premlata Singh | Shashi Sagar | Shivani | Simranjeet Kaur "Impact of menstruation on academic performance among female nursing students" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd40029.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/40029/impact-of-menstruation-on-academic-performance-among-female-nursing-students/preeti-bahuguna
Fuzzy Measurement of University Students Importance Indexes by Using Analytic...IRJESJOURNAL
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to apply a Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process model FAHP for estimating students' importance indexes problem, where the measures of students' attitudes and responses are often uncertain or difficult to determine by using non-fuzzy model. Fuzzy set theory treats a kind of uncertainty called fuzziness. It shows that the boundary of “yes” or “no” is ambiguous and appears in the meaning of words or included in the subjunctives or recognition of human beings. Design/methodology/approach: This paper adapts FAHP to analysis students' satisfaction for the services submitted by the university to enhance learning process and circumstance environment for students, this area of researches is still out of university importance. For the purposes of the survey, questionnaires were designed for all the factors which are affecting in students' satisfaction and most probably all these factors are taken according to their suitable priority. There were five main criterions in the questionnaires. Criterion one focuses on administrative university services Si, the second criterion concentrate with teaching and learning process Ti, while the third criterion is university climate and student activities Ai, the fourth criterion covers the administrative facilities Fi, and the fifth criterion is learning facilities students Li, were asked to measure their perceived experiences with those criterions. Each criterion contains some of sub criteria. Findings: The results illustrate that the quality of teachers T1, Opportunities for recreational activities A1, fair evaluation for students T6, and remedial support A3 are the most important indexes for students. The proposed model would help decision-makers to enhancement the quality of the services and may be adding other facility to make the university more attractive. Research limitations/implications: This paper makes some assumptions such as the number of sample are taken from seven colleges only and not cover all colleges in the university and concentrated about the final levels. Originality/value: This paper introduces fuzzy theory with AHP approach to the research of university services as customers in public firms and it has reached some valuable conclusions, which has opened up a new field of study in the universities services area
AN INTEGRATED SYSTEM FRAMEWORK FOR PREDICTING STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE ...ijcsit
Accurate prediction and early identification of student at-risk of attrition are of high concern for higher educational institutions (HEIs). It is of a great importance not only to the students but also to the educational administrators and the institutions in the areas of improving academic quality and efficient utilisation of the available resources for effective intervention. However, despite the different frameworks and various models that researchers have used across institutions for predicting performance, only negligible success has been recorded in terms of accuracy, efficiency and reduction of student
attrition. This has been attributed to the inadequate and selective use of variables for the predictive models. This paper presents a multi-dimensional and an integrated system framework that involves considerable learners’ input and engagement in predicting their academic performance and intervention in HEIs. The purpose and functionality of the framework are to produce a comprehensive, unbiased and efficient way of predicting student performance that its implementation is based upon multi-sources data and database
system. It makes use of student demographic and learning management system (LMS) data from the institutional databases as well as the student psychosocial-personality (SPP) data from the survey collected from the student to predict performance. The proposed approach will be robust, generalizable, and possibly give a prediction at a higher level of accuracy that educational administrators can rely on for providing timely intervention to students.
AMEE 2013 poster Does ePortfolio engagement predict performance in undergradu...Laura-Jane Smith
Poster presented at AMEE 2013 looking at whether engagement with an ePortfolio (the NHS Education for Scotland or NES ePortfolio that most Foundation Year doctors in the UK use) predicts performance in summative assessments.
The study examines which factors predict academic performance at university and compares the predictive values of subject-related entrance exams and indicators of past school performance. The results show that in the fields of engineering and social sciences entrance exams predict both graduation and the number of study credits better than past performance. In education past school performance is a better predictor of graduation. Changing the admission rule to school grades would affect the average student performance negatively in engineering and social sciences but positively in education. Using only entrance exams would not significantly change the average performance in any field.
Efficacy of Demonstration on Covid 19 Training on Knowledge Among Final Year ...YogeshIJTSRD
This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of demonstration on knowledge regarding covid 19 training among final year nursing students of dr. achal singh yadav institute of nursing and paramedical sciences, lucknow. a quanatitave research approach with quasi experimental research design was used to select 37 final year nursing students. self structured knowledge questionnaire was used for assessing the knowledge regarding covid 19 training among the subjects. spss version 25 was used for analyzing the data. result revealed that in pretest no sample had adequate knowledge as compare to post test 32 students had adequate knowledge regarding covid 19 training. the paired t test shows that obtained p value was 0.008 which is less than p value 0.05 reveal that demonstration was effective to bring changes in knowledge regarding covid 19 training among the participants and chisqaure test reveal that there is no significant association with pretest knowledge on covid 19 training and demographic variables of participant except course of study. Jubin Varghese | Bhoopendra Singh Yadav | Saniya Susan Issac "Efficacy of Demonstration on Covid-19 Training on Knowledge Among Final Year Nursing Students of Dr. Achal Singh Yadav Institute of Nursing and Paramedical Sciences, Lucknow" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd41257.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.commedicine/nursing/41257/efficacy-of-demonstration-on-covid19-training-on-knowledge-among-final-year-nursing-students-of-dr-achal-singh-yadav-institute-of-nursing-and-paramedical-sciences-lucknow/jubin-varghese
Data Mining Techniques in Higher Education an Empirical Study for the Univer...IJMER
Nowadays, ones of the biggest challenges that educational institutions face is the explosive
growth of educational data. and how to use these data to improve the quality of managerial decisions.
Data mining, as an analytical tools that can be used to extract meaningful knowledge from large data
sets, can be used to achieve this goal.
This paper addresses the applications of Educational Data Mining (EDM) to extract useful information
from registration information of student at university of Palestine in Gaza strip. The data include five
years period [2005-2011] by providing analytical tool to view and use this information for decision
making processes by taking real life example such as grade and GPA for the students. abstract should
summarize the content of the paper.
A Study on Best Quality Practices at King Faisal University (KFU), Alhassa, S...IJAEMSJORNAL
This paper aims to examine the quality best practices in King Faisal University (KFU). The quality best practices issue has taken a huge consideration among different Saudi Arabian sectors. These sectors include education, manufacturing, government, private, healthcare, IT, service and non-profit organizations. This research concentrates and discusses the quality management in Saudi Arabian higher education system.The study is a specific reference to one of the well-known public university in Saudi Arabia i.e. KFU. The importance of conducting this research is to examine the quality best practices in KFU in terms of many aspects. These aspects include university in general, colleges, curriculum, employees, faculty members and students. Although some colleges attain academic accreditations, there is a lack of knowledge in terms of main quality best practices. The substantial expectation of this research is to eliminate the quality drawbacks in KFU. Another emphasis is to provide a number of recommendations to enhance the quality best practices in KFU.
DESIGN OF RLE SCORER WEB FORMS AND NURSING STUDENTS EFFICACY IN PARENTERAL DR...hiij
Related Learning Experience or RLE is acourse offered in Tobruk University College of Nursing for 1st
year and 2nd year students to prepare them for actual scenario in the hospital by practising skills related to
Nursing and Health care. Team teaching is used to perform this activity and evaluated by Return
Demonstration in the laboratory class and once more in the Final Return Demonstration or final exam.
Tabulating all procedures and steps is a tedious matter doing it manually. In this study the proponents
designed an RLE Scorer web forms based on Google survey forms to collect students performance and to
computer for their equivalent marks. The focus of the study is in RLE 3 or parenteral drug administration.
The collected data was saved in the Google drive and downloaded later; the results were treated
statistically to find the mean score in all 5 procedures of RLE 3, and to find the difference between male
and female respondents and the difference of variance based on rating. It was shown that the students
performed generally well reaching the passing mark. The male students fared better in all procedures
compared to femalebut there was no significant difference established. The purpose of the study is to
encourage technological adaptation in collecting performances of nursing students, promoting team
teaching in training of nursing skills in RLE thus supporting quality nursing education and nursing
informatics.
The Empirical Analysis of Curriculum Quality Evaluation Based on Students Eva...ijtsrd
The data of curriculum quality evaluation based on students evaluation of teaching contains learners perception of curriculum quality is helpful to provide reference for the improvement of curriculum quality. The evaluation system of curriculum quality should be built around ten evaluation dimensions, such as teaching objectives, subject frontier, case teaching, teacher literacy, classroom discussion, teaching methods, teaching courseware, information technology, teachers Q and A, curriculum ideological and political. Taking the students of school of physics and electronic information of Nanchang Normal University as the research object, and the sample size of curriculum quality evaluation is 5443, the Pearson correlation analysis is carried out on ten evaluation dimensions, and the correlation coefficient is 0.770, which indicates strong positive correlation. A regression model with ten evaluation dimensions as independent variables and curriculum satisfaction as dependent variables is established. The resolution of the model is 77.4 , which can predict curriculum satisfaction, and which has theoretical support for teachers to pay attention to the curriculum quality and improve the curriculum quality. It emphasizes that teaching department should pay attention to the effect of evaluation results on the continuous improvement of curriculum quality. It is suggested that a substantial and effective mechanism for continuous improvement should be established. Chen Rong "The Empirical Analysis of Curriculum Quality Evaluation Based on Students' Evaluation of Teaching" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38156.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/38156/the-empirical-analysis-of-curriculum-quality-evaluation-based-on-students-evaluation-of-teaching/chen-rong
Influence of Table of Specification on the Construction of Ordinary Level Phy...ijtsrd
A table of specification is fundamental in a test construction. The use of table of specifications when construction a teacher made achievement test and standardized test is very essential, because it will make the test valid and reliable. Unfortunately, because of lack of inadequate training on its use, it is usually not used by many teachers when constructing a test. The results from these types of assessments are likely not to be valid and reliable. In this situation, some topics that the teacher spent little time in teaching may carry more weighting leading to students’ poor performance in the subject Physics . Most teachers and administrators are still relatively blank as far as skills in test construction and interpretation are concerned. Classroom test provides teachers with essential information that they can use to make decisions about instructions, students learning and student grades. This paper is centred on the following meaning of weighting, table of specification, the purpose of the table of specification, the benefits of a table of specification in test construction, what should be taken into account when building a TOS, a practical example of TOS, Bloom’s taxonomy of educational objectives and item analysis. The importance of table of specifications and the inherent dangers of not using it are highlighted and recommendations to ameliorate the situation are proffered. Awandia Joseph Tazitabong | Dikande Alain Moise | Ndifon Isaiah Ngek "Influence of Table of Specification on the Construction of Ordinary Level Physics Examination in Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-2 , April 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd53979.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/physics/other/53979/influence-of-table-of-specification-on-the-construction-of-ordinary-level-physics-examination-in-cameroon/awandia-joseph-tazitabong
The impact of formative assessment on the learning process And the unreliabil...iosrjce
In this work, we highlight the impact of formative assessment on the learning and the unreliability of
the mark for the summative evaluation process. To achieve this study, we distributed to 250 students of the
common core sciences, a questionnaire to the representations of the students acquired during their learning
situations. The questionnaire covers the main concepts of the courses that have been taught, namely, electric
current; electric voltage; quantity of material and molar concentration. After collecting all the answers to the
questionnaire, we corrected them. We looked through the summative evaluation for the acquisition of concepts
by students and the effect of adjustment of representations on their marks. We put in question the reliability of
the marks that we can allocate. Therefore, we distributed photocopies of 50 copies before their correction to 20
secondary school teachers, in order to have more information on systematic errors of the marks, their limit and
their reliability. On the light of these results, we can say:
- Formative assessment can help teachers to anticipate in advance treating the gaps of the students and
changing these methods, if necessary, in the learning process.
- Summative assessment may not reflect the level of acquisition of the taught concepts.
Therefore, the revision of assessment methods of the concepts among learners is required.
These evaluation methods are unable to properly assess the level of acquisitions of students, as they differ from
one teacher to another
The differential impact of various assessment parameters on the medical stude...lukeman Joseph Ade shittu
This study was designed to assess the convergent validity of the professional anatomy (a multifaceted examination) with other markers of success (the various interactive assessment components of the curriculum) in determining the overall performance of third-year medical students. The aim was to isolate area of academic weakness among the students and to readjust the curriculum content to balance the weakness. A total of 66 third year medical students with records of their grades in the various assessments criteria were analyzed. Parameters on the average End-in course assessment, Short Essays Question (SEQ), Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQ), and Practical (Steeple-chase) were considered. The Practical significantly correlated with overall performance (r = 0.89, P< 0.01). The Practical, MCQ, SEQ and End incourse showed an overall rank order of relative performance in assessment tasks and therefore indicate that, in general, students performance in the Professional examination was better than in the End-incourse examination.
To evaluate the portfolio in assessing interprofessional learning between medical and midwifery students. The student portfolio is assessed using a rubric consisting of four assessment criteria. A total of 32 student portfolios were tested for reliability coefficients and interrater agreements. We conducted an in-depth interview with mentors and focus group discussion (FGD) with students for exploring their perceptions of the ability of the portfolio to assess the learning. Interview and FGD data were converted into verbatim transcripts then were analyzed by two coders using open coding techniques. The reliability coefficient is 0.808. Inter-rater agreements for each assessment criteria are ranging from moderate to high. Mentors and students have positive insights toward the assessment system. This study supports the use of portfolios as an interprofessional educational assessment tool.
Abstract— Medical Council of India has laid down the norms and guidelines for integrated teaching to enhance the students approach for learning in a comprehensive manner. A comparative interventional study was carried out on II MBBS students of SMS medical College, Jaipur to compare the effect of traditional teaching and integrated teaching method. After taking pre-test students were divided into two groups, one group underwent traditional teaching and other group is given integrated teaching on Bronchial Asthma. Post-test was taken after finishing the topic. Mean change in score improved in both the group were compared by unpaiered “t’ Test. Perception of students and faculty about new method was also found out. It was found in this study that mean change of score of students from pre-test to post-test in the study group was significantly higher (p<0.001) than in control group (3.43±1.88 v/s 0.65±1.81). More than 90 % students liked and retained the subject better with the new teaching methodology only 9.3% felt it more time consuming. Majority of faculty had liked this method.
Evaluation of Research Standards at Ministry of Research, Technology and High...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In order to accommodate research activities at all universities in Indonesia, the Directorate
Genereal of Strengthening for Research and Development, Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher
Education (Kemenristekdikti) of the Republic of Indonesia established research quality standard.
The standard includes the minimum targets that must be achieved by each University at the period of
conducting the research activity. However, until now there has been no measurement to find out whether
the existing standard was good enough or needs to be evaluated. Therefore, this study was conducted to
measure the standards. The method used was the analysis of I-MR (Individual and Moving Range) control
chart to see the performance of the standard. The results show that existing research schemes have
encouraged the improvement of international publications, but have not yet maximized the production of
other outputs such as textbooks, accredited national publications, intellectual property rights, and
ptototypes. The result of the research was expected to be used as material for evaluation and
improvement of policy to improve the quality of research standard in Kemenristekdikti.
impact of menstruation on academic performance among female nursing studentsYogeshIJTSRD
A quantitative descriptive research design was used to assess the impact of menstruation on academic performance among female nursing students of GNM Ist year at Rohilkhand School of nursing, Bareilly, UP. 50 female nursing students of GNM Ist year were selected through convenient sampling technique. The data were collected by assessment checklist of menstrual symptoms and academic performance. The result showed that28 56 were heavy abdomen cramp during menstruation, 34 68 students were getting anger during their periods,27 54 were having sleep disturbance, 36 72 were reported that they had pelvic pain, 32 64 students were having fatigue tiredness and 28 56 students having irritability during menstruation. The academic performance findings shows that 29 58 were not having interest to go to the college during menstruation33 66 were said that they had a feeling of hesitation to go for practical classes, 27 54 were not having interest to write their examination during menstruation, 28 66 were not able to complete their assignment in time and 26 52 students were having feeling of inferiority during menstruation. There was significant association between menstrual symptoms of abdominal cramps, anger, sleep disturbance, pelvic pain, fatigue, irritability, forgetfulness, headache, generalized body ache, loss of appetite, nausea vomiting, mood swings, breast tenderness and constipation with their selected baseline data of marital status, duration of menstrual cycle, regularity of menstruation, experience of menstrual symptoms and treatment of menstrual discomfort. The study concluded that that the menstrual symptoms having a major impact on academic performance of female students. So the study findings suggested the students need counseling or related facilities to reduce the effect of menstrual symptoms on academic performance. Preeti Bahuguna | Premlata Singh | Shashi Sagar | Shivani | Simranjeet Kaur "Impact of menstruation on academic performance among female nursing students" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd40029.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/40029/impact-of-menstruation-on-academic-performance-among-female-nursing-students/preeti-bahuguna
Fuzzy Measurement of University Students Importance Indexes by Using Analytic...IRJESJOURNAL
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to apply a Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process model FAHP for estimating students' importance indexes problem, where the measures of students' attitudes and responses are often uncertain or difficult to determine by using non-fuzzy model. Fuzzy set theory treats a kind of uncertainty called fuzziness. It shows that the boundary of “yes” or “no” is ambiguous and appears in the meaning of words or included in the subjunctives or recognition of human beings. Design/methodology/approach: This paper adapts FAHP to analysis students' satisfaction for the services submitted by the university to enhance learning process and circumstance environment for students, this area of researches is still out of university importance. For the purposes of the survey, questionnaires were designed for all the factors which are affecting in students' satisfaction and most probably all these factors are taken according to their suitable priority. There were five main criterions in the questionnaires. Criterion one focuses on administrative university services Si, the second criterion concentrate with teaching and learning process Ti, while the third criterion is university climate and student activities Ai, the fourth criterion covers the administrative facilities Fi, and the fifth criterion is learning facilities students Li, were asked to measure their perceived experiences with those criterions. Each criterion contains some of sub criteria. Findings: The results illustrate that the quality of teachers T1, Opportunities for recreational activities A1, fair evaluation for students T6, and remedial support A3 are the most important indexes for students. The proposed model would help decision-makers to enhancement the quality of the services and may be adding other facility to make the university more attractive. Research limitations/implications: This paper makes some assumptions such as the number of sample are taken from seven colleges only and not cover all colleges in the university and concentrated about the final levels. Originality/value: This paper introduces fuzzy theory with AHP approach to the research of university services as customers in public firms and it has reached some valuable conclusions, which has opened up a new field of study in the universities services area
AN INTEGRATED SYSTEM FRAMEWORK FOR PREDICTING STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE ...ijcsit
Accurate prediction and early identification of student at-risk of attrition are of high concern for higher educational institutions (HEIs). It is of a great importance not only to the students but also to the educational administrators and the institutions in the areas of improving academic quality and efficient utilisation of the available resources for effective intervention. However, despite the different frameworks and various models that researchers have used across institutions for predicting performance, only negligible success has been recorded in terms of accuracy, efficiency and reduction of student
attrition. This has been attributed to the inadequate and selective use of variables for the predictive models. This paper presents a multi-dimensional and an integrated system framework that involves considerable learners’ input and engagement in predicting their academic performance and intervention in HEIs. The purpose and functionality of the framework are to produce a comprehensive, unbiased and efficient way of predicting student performance that its implementation is based upon multi-sources data and database
system. It makes use of student demographic and learning management system (LMS) data from the institutional databases as well as the student psychosocial-personality (SPP) data from the survey collected from the student to predict performance. The proposed approach will be robust, generalizable, and possibly give a prediction at a higher level of accuracy that educational administrators can rely on for providing timely intervention to students.
AMEE 2013 poster Does ePortfolio engagement predict performance in undergradu...Laura-Jane Smith
Poster presented at AMEE 2013 looking at whether engagement with an ePortfolio (the NHS Education for Scotland or NES ePortfolio that most Foundation Year doctors in the UK use) predicts performance in summative assessments.
The study examines which factors predict academic performance at university and compares the predictive values of subject-related entrance exams and indicators of past school performance. The results show that in the fields of engineering and social sciences entrance exams predict both graduation and the number of study credits better than past performance. In education past school performance is a better predictor of graduation. Changing the admission rule to school grades would affect the average student performance negatively in engineering and social sciences but positively in education. Using only entrance exams would not significantly change the average performance in any field.
Efficacy of Demonstration on Covid 19 Training on Knowledge Among Final Year ...YogeshIJTSRD
This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of demonstration on knowledge regarding covid 19 training among final year nursing students of dr. achal singh yadav institute of nursing and paramedical sciences, lucknow. a quanatitave research approach with quasi experimental research design was used to select 37 final year nursing students. self structured knowledge questionnaire was used for assessing the knowledge regarding covid 19 training among the subjects. spss version 25 was used for analyzing the data. result revealed that in pretest no sample had adequate knowledge as compare to post test 32 students had adequate knowledge regarding covid 19 training. the paired t test shows that obtained p value was 0.008 which is less than p value 0.05 reveal that demonstration was effective to bring changes in knowledge regarding covid 19 training among the participants and chisqaure test reveal that there is no significant association with pretest knowledge on covid 19 training and demographic variables of participant except course of study. Jubin Varghese | Bhoopendra Singh Yadav | Saniya Susan Issac "Efficacy of Demonstration on Covid-19 Training on Knowledge Among Final Year Nursing Students of Dr. Achal Singh Yadav Institute of Nursing and Paramedical Sciences, Lucknow" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-4 , June 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.compapers/ijtsrd41257.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.commedicine/nursing/41257/efficacy-of-demonstration-on-covid19-training-on-knowledge-among-final-year-nursing-students-of-dr-achal-singh-yadav-institute-of-nursing-and-paramedical-sciences-lucknow/jubin-varghese
Data Mining Techniques in Higher Education an Empirical Study for the Univer...IJMER
Nowadays, ones of the biggest challenges that educational institutions face is the explosive
growth of educational data. and how to use these data to improve the quality of managerial decisions.
Data mining, as an analytical tools that can be used to extract meaningful knowledge from large data
sets, can be used to achieve this goal.
This paper addresses the applications of Educational Data Mining (EDM) to extract useful information
from registration information of student at university of Palestine in Gaza strip. The data include five
years period [2005-2011] by providing analytical tool to view and use this information for decision
making processes by taking real life example such as grade and GPA for the students. abstract should
summarize the content of the paper.
A Study on Best Quality Practices at King Faisal University (KFU), Alhassa, S...IJAEMSJORNAL
This paper aims to examine the quality best practices in King Faisal University (KFU). The quality best practices issue has taken a huge consideration among different Saudi Arabian sectors. These sectors include education, manufacturing, government, private, healthcare, IT, service and non-profit organizations. This research concentrates and discusses the quality management in Saudi Arabian higher education system.The study is a specific reference to one of the well-known public university in Saudi Arabia i.e. KFU. The importance of conducting this research is to examine the quality best practices in KFU in terms of many aspects. These aspects include university in general, colleges, curriculum, employees, faculty members and students. Although some colleges attain academic accreditations, there is a lack of knowledge in terms of main quality best practices. The substantial expectation of this research is to eliminate the quality drawbacks in KFU. Another emphasis is to provide a number of recommendations to enhance the quality best practices in KFU.
DESIGN OF RLE SCORER WEB FORMS AND NURSING STUDENTS EFFICACY IN PARENTERAL DR...hiij
Related Learning Experience or RLE is acourse offered in Tobruk University College of Nursing for 1st
year and 2nd year students to prepare them for actual scenario in the hospital by practising skills related to
Nursing and Health care. Team teaching is used to perform this activity and evaluated by Return
Demonstration in the laboratory class and once more in the Final Return Demonstration or final exam.
Tabulating all procedures and steps is a tedious matter doing it manually. In this study the proponents
designed an RLE Scorer web forms based on Google survey forms to collect students performance and to
computer for their equivalent marks. The focus of the study is in RLE 3 or parenteral drug administration.
The collected data was saved in the Google drive and downloaded later; the results were treated
statistically to find the mean score in all 5 procedures of RLE 3, and to find the difference between male
and female respondents and the difference of variance based on rating. It was shown that the students
performed generally well reaching the passing mark. The male students fared better in all procedures
compared to femalebut there was no significant difference established. The purpose of the study is to
encourage technological adaptation in collecting performances of nursing students, promoting team
teaching in training of nursing skills in RLE thus supporting quality nursing education and nursing
informatics.
The Empirical Analysis of Curriculum Quality Evaluation Based on Students Eva...ijtsrd
The data of curriculum quality evaluation based on students evaluation of teaching contains learners perception of curriculum quality is helpful to provide reference for the improvement of curriculum quality. The evaluation system of curriculum quality should be built around ten evaluation dimensions, such as teaching objectives, subject frontier, case teaching, teacher literacy, classroom discussion, teaching methods, teaching courseware, information technology, teachers Q and A, curriculum ideological and political. Taking the students of school of physics and electronic information of Nanchang Normal University as the research object, and the sample size of curriculum quality evaluation is 5443, the Pearson correlation analysis is carried out on ten evaluation dimensions, and the correlation coefficient is 0.770, which indicates strong positive correlation. A regression model with ten evaluation dimensions as independent variables and curriculum satisfaction as dependent variables is established. The resolution of the model is 77.4 , which can predict curriculum satisfaction, and which has theoretical support for teachers to pay attention to the curriculum quality and improve the curriculum quality. It emphasizes that teaching department should pay attention to the effect of evaluation results on the continuous improvement of curriculum quality. It is suggested that a substantial and effective mechanism for continuous improvement should be established. Chen Rong "The Empirical Analysis of Curriculum Quality Evaluation Based on Students' Evaluation of Teaching" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-1 , December 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38156.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/38156/the-empirical-analysis-of-curriculum-quality-evaluation-based-on-students-evaluation-of-teaching/chen-rong
Influence of Table of Specification on the Construction of Ordinary Level Phy...ijtsrd
A table of specification is fundamental in a test construction. The use of table of specifications when construction a teacher made achievement test and standardized test is very essential, because it will make the test valid and reliable. Unfortunately, because of lack of inadequate training on its use, it is usually not used by many teachers when constructing a test. The results from these types of assessments are likely not to be valid and reliable. In this situation, some topics that the teacher spent little time in teaching may carry more weighting leading to students’ poor performance in the subject Physics . Most teachers and administrators are still relatively blank as far as skills in test construction and interpretation are concerned. Classroom test provides teachers with essential information that they can use to make decisions about instructions, students learning and student grades. This paper is centred on the following meaning of weighting, table of specification, the purpose of the table of specification, the benefits of a table of specification in test construction, what should be taken into account when building a TOS, a practical example of TOS, Bloom’s taxonomy of educational objectives and item analysis. The importance of table of specifications and the inherent dangers of not using it are highlighted and recommendations to ameliorate the situation are proffered. Awandia Joseph Tazitabong | Dikande Alain Moise | Ndifon Isaiah Ngek "Influence of Table of Specification on the Construction of Ordinary Level Physics Examination in Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-2 , April 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/papers/ijtsrd53979.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com.com/physics/other/53979/influence-of-table-of-specification-on-the-construction-of-ordinary-level-physics-examination-in-cameroon/awandia-joseph-tazitabong
The impact of formative assessment on the learning process And the unreliabil...iosrjce
In this work, we highlight the impact of formative assessment on the learning and the unreliability of
the mark for the summative evaluation process. To achieve this study, we distributed to 250 students of the
common core sciences, a questionnaire to the representations of the students acquired during their learning
situations. The questionnaire covers the main concepts of the courses that have been taught, namely, electric
current; electric voltage; quantity of material and molar concentration. After collecting all the answers to the
questionnaire, we corrected them. We looked through the summative evaluation for the acquisition of concepts
by students and the effect of adjustment of representations on their marks. We put in question the reliability of
the marks that we can allocate. Therefore, we distributed photocopies of 50 copies before their correction to 20
secondary school teachers, in order to have more information on systematic errors of the marks, their limit and
their reliability. On the light of these results, we can say:
- Formative assessment can help teachers to anticipate in advance treating the gaps of the students and
changing these methods, if necessary, in the learning process.
- Summative assessment may not reflect the level of acquisition of the taught concepts.
Therefore, the revision of assessment methods of the concepts among learners is required.
These evaluation methods are unable to properly assess the level of acquisitions of students, as they differ from
one teacher to another
This study aims at pointing out Shaqra university staff’s degree of practicing the necessary academic requirements needed for improving their performance in the spheres of the university academic performance. The survey-descriptive approach and the measurement approach (questionnaire) are applied to achieve the purpose of this study. The number, on which the study is applied, is 358 members of the university staff. The questionnaire is divided into three sections related to the following domains: the first section is about Shaqra university staff’s practice degree in the sphere of education and learning; the second section is about Shaqra university staff’s practice degree in the sphere of scientific research; the third section is about Shaqra university staff’s practice degree in the sphere of community service.
Concerning Shaqra university staff’s practice degree in the sphere of education and learning, the results is more than 50 % of the university staff members. From their viewpoint, they consider the degree of practicing the necessary academic requirements for improving their performance in the sphere of education and learning is good. Besides, 37.5 % of the university staff regards their practice performance as medium and low. While, in regard of the university staff’s practice degree in the sphere of scientific research, less than 50 % of the university staff members consider the practice of the university staff’s is good, in the light of their standpoint regarding the essential academic requirements for improving the scientific research. Moreover, 53.4 % views their practice for the advancement of their performance is medium and low. In respect of the practice degree of the university staff in the sphere of community service, 50 % of the university staff regards it as good, in the light of their viewpoint of practicing the essential academic requirements for improving their performance in the domain of the community service. Besides, 50 % of the university staff considers their participation for the improvement is medium and low. The study’s result indicates that there is a firm direct correlation between the section of education and learning and the section of scientific research, in addition to that medium direct correlation between the section of scientific research and the section of community service. The research’s most obvious recommendations are: establishing special strategy and criterion for improving the performance, offering training courses in this respect, and concentrating on the interaction of the section of education and learning and the section of scientific research, with the section of community service.
The Influence of Economic Teachers Attitude towards the Implementation of Con...ijtsrd
This paper sought to investigate “The Influence of Economic Teachers attitude towards the Implementation of Continuous Assessment in Economics in Secondary Schools in the North West Region of Cameroon”. A descriptive survey was considered suitable for this study. 77 economics teachers in the North West region were considered as population for the study. A simple random sampling technique was used to recruit respondents from the seven divisions in the North West region who answered the questionnaire. A Pearson Product moment Correlation coefficient and a regression analysis was the parametric statistical test to test the hypothesis at a 0.05 level of significance. The results revealed that teachers’ attitude towards continuous assessment has an effect on its implementation. The researcher recommended that teachers should act as role models within their respective responsibilities. Mbong Mary Wallang | Dr Agborbechem Peter Tambi "The Influence of Economic Teachers Attitude towards the Implementation of Continuous Assessment in Economics in Secondary Schools in the North West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31732.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/31732/the-influence-of-economic-teachers-attitude-towards-the-implementation-of-continuous-assessment-in-economics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-north-west-region-of-cameroon/mbong-mary-wallang
The study examines the nature of relationship between quality control measures and student output in University of Uyo and University of Calabar. Two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. The correlational research design was used for the study. The population comprised 2,967 teaching staff and 11,635 students from University of Uyo and University of Calabar. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 642 teaching staff and 1,232 students from the sampled schools. Two instruments, one being researchers-developed instrument titled “Quality Control Questionnaire (QCQ)” and a documentary analysis checklist titled “Student Output Checklist (SOC)” were used for data collection. The instruments used for data collection were face validated by three experts. The reliability co-efficient of QCQ was determined using the Cronbach Alpha Analysis and a reliability index of 0.81 was obtained. The r-value of Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) coefficient was used to answer the research questions, while PPMC was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that the quality control on student intake and student engagement significantly relates to student output in University of Uyo and University of Calabar. It was therefore concluded that the quality of student output in University of Uyo and University of Calabar is influenced by quality control variables. Based on the findings of this study, it is therefore recommended amongst others that, universities’ admission regulatory body should ensure that all prospective students vying for admission have good grades in their O’levels and Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME). Furthermore, all candidates should also be admitted based on merit in order to ensure quality student output.
Evaluate and improve high school students for some skills using quality funct...Rania Elrifai
5. RECOMMENDATIONS
Due to the needing for the inevitable to raise the level of academic must attention means that enable to improve the level of education , which has become the other nations advanced dramatically despite the fact that these methods do not cost a lot of money, time and effort g spite of the results that will return us over time, which will advance our Islamic nation, especially the Arab world General, and therefore we recommend in our study that the characteristics we have learned to be starting out in the early stages, even before the beginning of the school stage( kindergarten),
for example, enable the child to display a simple subject and talk about it in front of his colleagues earned many skills, including the courageous confrontation, connect with others and instil confidence that makes a strong base for the personal leadership of the children, and do not forget that the child is affected by the environment around them, so take care of this opportunity to improve our future generations, through our study, there are some of the things want to be displayed and recommend as the following:
2. Use laptops instead of bags that weigh weights strain our children as well as the ease to download the curriculum according to each level
3. The use of laptop computers to facilitate the process of Internet connectivity and to keep pace with scientific development.
4. Focus on the internet linking and connection with as consideration a part of topics of courses inside the
International Journal of Science and Engineering Applications
Volume 7–Issue 10,401-405, 2018, ISSN:-2319–7560
405
curriculum for raising the education quality level of each level.
5. Concern on these skills from the beginning of the school at first stage as consider the basic level is the base for future a generation.
6. Mainstreaming the introduction of these skills in the early stages of the study as consider there are available applications but need funder and support from the government.
7. Support the confidence of children through the presentation in front of his colleagues and his parents are present.
6. ACKNOWLEDGMENT
In this study, I would like to thank Dr. Galal Abdella. Assistant Professor of the faculty of the Faculty of Engineering, Benghazi University, Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, who taught us this scientific material in the master degree in 2014 AD, which he has provided us with a lot of information and which has always been a race for creative ideas. By equipping students to the level of international universities. All thanks and appreciation
AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON ASSESSMENT OF PO ATTAINMENT FOR A DIPLOMA PROGRAM IAEME Publication
The Outcome based Education (OBE) has been one of the major concern of most academic institution in India, especially among the engineering institution as the National Board of Accreditation (NBA) has made it compulsory towards program accreditation.
This paper aims to provide an evaluation method for the attainment of Program Outcomes for Engineering Diploma Program as defined by National Board of Accreditation (NBA). NBA requires specific evaluation techniques and assessment methods for measuring the attainment of Course Outcomes and Program Outcomes. Accordingly this paper describes the assessment method used to measure the PO via direct assessment of the Course Outcomes and indirect methods through surveys. Course Outcomes for each course were developed and surveys were conducted throughout the semesters to assess the level of awareness and understanding of OBE.
Evaluating Effectiveness of Training Program in Eastern Samar State Universit...ijtsrd
The accountability issue of training and development among employees is evaluating the effectiveness of a training program in order to determine whether it accomplishes its goals and objectives, appraise the value of training, identify training gaps and to get rid of any training that isnt necessary. In this descriptive study, the effectiveness of training program of this university campus is evaluated in terms of faculty participants and the department heads viewpoints. Using an adapted and modified training effectiveness questionnaire, the faculty’s perceived learning right after the activity, application of knowledge and skill acquired three months later, and the department head’s evaluation of the faculty’s demonstrated learning in terms of its impact on job behavior and job performance were taken into account. Results show faculty participants “agree” that the activity courses have achieved their individual objectives, they have acquired deeper understanding about the subjects of the training program, and their performance level will rise as a result of their attendance to the training. Further, they “agree” that the TSPs have the full readiness to perform the activity courses, the resource persons are experts within the area of competence, the facilities were equipped with the highest quality standards. In terms of impact on their job performance and their application of learning three months after the conclusion of the activity courses, faculty participants “somewhat agree” they had the chance to make the best use of the skills they have learned from the activity courses and their job performance level have increased as a result of their attendance to the activity courses. Meanwhile, the department heads “somewhat agree” they have noticed an increase in the faculty’s performance in the workplace since their attendance to the training and they have noticed indicators that proved faculty participants benefited from the acquired skills in the training. The top two reasons why faculty failed to apply the knowledge and skills learned in the capability trainings are “they havent had the opportunity” and “they are very busy”. Dr. Bernadette R. Barro | Aldrin B. Golondrina "Evaluating Effectiveness of Training Program in Eastern Samar State University - Can-Avid: Strengthening its Commitment to Continuous Improvement" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-3 , April 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49628.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/strategic-management/49628/evaluating-effectiveness-of-training-program-in-eastern-samar-state-university---canavid-strengthening-its-commitment-to-continuous-improvement/dr-bernadette-r-barro
Improvements Required By Graduates and In the Undergraduate Physical Educatio...iosrjce
This study established improvements required by graduates, and in the undergraduates Physical
Education programme of the University of Nigeria Nsukka. Using the evaluation design, two sets of
Questionnaire, Job Performance Questionnaire (JPQ), and Employer’s Rating of Employees Questionnaire
(EREQ) were used to elicit information needed by the study. (JPQ) was involved in the determination of
required level of competence in the world of work on the one hand, and the level of performance demonstrated
by the employed graduates on the other. Deficits between levels of required competence in the world of work
and level of competence demonstrated by the employed graduates is indicated on the Improvement Required
Index (IRI) for the professional areas in the undergraduate Physical Education programme. Above the level of
competence performance demonstrated by the employed graduates on the IRI scale, required improvements are
indicated for teaching of Physical Education in schools and colleges; administering sports in the field; coaching
sports in the field; and providing physical and occupational therapy services. Employer’s Rating of Employees
Questionnaire sought information on the level of performance of the graduates in their employment. Graduates
and employers indicated need for improvement of the graduates for effective performance. Likewise, findings
identified relevant curriculum areas to be integrated into the undergraduate Physical Education programme of
University of Nigeria, Nsukka
Students Knowledge based Advisor System for Colleges Admission With an Applie...IJRES Journal
This paper presents a knowledge based advisor system designed to aid preparatory year students to achieve their desire of colleges they wanted to be dwelled allocated. The system predicts the 2nd term GPA, and the final term GPA by knowing the 1st semester GPA, then advise students to suitable colleges. A student who is far from achieving his desire is advised to study some aided courses. The system uses historical data extracted from the university database. Then statistical prediction algorithms are developed, to evaluate and to match students’ current desires with colleges’ qualified criteria.
Regression techniques to study the student performance in post graduate exam...IJMER
Aptitude of students entering into Post graduate courses in INDIA is an aspect to be studied.
Entrance Examinations do test the aptitude but to a certain extent. Post graduate students are expected to
have a certain level of aptitude and this aptitude should be sustained till the end of their course and
beyond. Therefore, it is a necessity to examine to what extent their aptitudes are getting tested. The marks
scored by the students in the entrance examination is an indicator of the aptitude but does not speak of the
ability of the students in all the aspects or the subject of their specialization in the post graduate courses.It
has been observed that a causal dependency exists between the degree marks and the entrance test marks.
This paper tries to investigate this dependency with linear regression techniques. On the whole , categories
of students are identified by studying the distribution of marks. A mapping between the marks and the
questions are being studied. Linear regression technique is being used to identify the groups of students
and to predict the expected marks that the future students would score.
Face To Face and Blended Learning as Strategy in Teaching MathematicsAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Blended Learning in improving the
Performance of the grade 2 learners in Mathematics at Otavi Elementary SchoolDision of Sorsogon
Province for the School Year 2022-2023.
The quasi experimental method of research was employed in the study. The main instrument
that was used is a teacher-made test to gather the needed data. The respondents of the study were the
50 grade 2 pupils that were grouped into control and experimental groups. The data gathered were
analyzed and interpreted by the use of appropriate statistical tools and measures.
The findings of the study were: the computed Mean Performance Level (MPL) of the control group in
the pre-test in the operations along whole numbers, Ordinal numbers, Money, addition of whole
numbers and, addition of money were 42, 44.8, 46.8, 50.4 and 44.4 respectively with an average MPL
of 45.68 and were all described as Did Not Meet the Expectations (DNME). On the other hand, the
computed Mean Performance Level (MPL) of the experimental group in each of the said topics are
71.2, 34, 47, 52.4 and 36.8 accordingly with an average MPL of 48.58and were also described as Did
Not Meet the Expectations (DNME).
‘Six Sigma Technique’ A Journey Through its Implementationijtsrd
The manufacturing industries all over the world are facing tough challenges for growth, development and sustainability in today’s competitive environment. They have to achieve apex position by adapting with the global competitive environment by delivering goods and services at low cost, prime quality and better price to increase wealth and consumer satisfaction. Cost Management ensures profit, growth and sustainability of the business with implementation of Continuous Improvement Technique like Six Sigma. This leads to optimize Business performance. The method drives for customer satisfaction, low variation, reduction in waste and cycle time resulting into a competitive advantage over other industries which did not implement it. The main objective of this paper ‘Six Sigma Technique A Journey Through Its Implementation’ is to conceptualize the effectiveness of Six Sigma Technique through the journey of its implementation. Aditi Sunilkumar Ghosalkar "‘Six Sigma Technique’: A Journey Through its Implementation" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64546.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64546/‘six-sigma-technique’-a-journey-through-its-implementation/aditi-sunilkumar-ghosalkar
Edge Computing in Space Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space...ijtsrd
Edge computing, a paradigm that involves processing data closer to its source, has gained significant attention for its potential to revolutionize data processing and communication in space missions. With the increasing complexity and data volume generated by modern space missions, traditional centralized computing approaches face challenges related to latency, bandwidth, and security. Edge computing in space, involving on board processing and analysis of data, offers promising solutions to these challenges. This paper explores the concept of edge computing in space, its benefits, applications, and future prospects in enhancing space missions. Manish Verma "Edge Computing in Space: Enhancing Data Processing and Communication for Space Missions" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64541.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/artificial-intelligence/64541/edge-computing-in-space-enhancing-data-processing-and-communication-for-space-missions/manish-verma
Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India Challenges and Prospectsijtsrd
Communal politics in India has evolved through centuries, weaving a complex tapestry shaped by historical legacies, colonial influences, and contemporary socio political transformations. This research comprehensively examines the dynamics of communal politics in 21st century India, emphasizing its historical roots, socio political dynamics, economic implications, challenges, and prospects for mitigation. The historical perspective unravels the intricate interplay of religious identities and power dynamics from ancient civilizations to the impact of colonial rule, providing insights into the evolution of communalism. The socio political dynamics section delves into the contemporary manifestations, exploring the roles of identity politics, socio economic disparities, and globalization. The economic implications section highlights how communal politics intersects with economic issues, perpetuating disparities and influencing resource allocation. Challenges posed by communal politics are scrutinized, revealing multifaceted issues ranging from social fragmentation to threats against democratic values. The prospects for mitigation present a multifaceted approach, incorporating policy interventions, community engagement, and educational initiatives. The paper conducts a comparative analysis with international examples, identifying common patterns such as identity politics and economic disparities. It also examines unique challenges, emphasizing Indias diverse religious landscape, historical legacy, and secular framework. Lessons for effective strategies are drawn from international experiences, offering insights into inclusive policies, interfaith dialogue, media regulation, and global cooperation. By scrutinizing historical epochs, contemporary dynamics, economic implications, and international comparisons, this research provides a comprehensive understanding of communal politics in India. The proposed strategies for mitigation underscore the importance of a holistic approach to foster social harmony, inclusivity, and democratic values. Rose Hossain "Dynamics of Communal Politics in 21st Century India: Challenges and Prospects" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64528.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/history/64528/dynamics-of-communal-politics-in-21st-century-india-challenges-and-prospects/rose-hossain
Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in...ijtsrd
Background and Objective Telehealth has become a well known tool for the delivery of health care in Saudi Arabia, and the perspective and knowledge of healthcare providers are influential in the implementation, adoption and advancement of the method. This systematic review was conducted to examine the current literature base regarding telehealth and the related healthcare professional perspective and knowledge in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods This systematic review was conducted by searching 7 databases including, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, PsycINFO, and ProQuest Central. Studies on healthcare practitioners telehealth knowledge and perspectives published in English in Saudi Arabia from 2000 to 2023 were included. Boland directed this comprehensive review. The researchers examined each connected study using the AXIS tool, which evaluates cross sectional systematic reviews. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise and convey the data. Results Out of 1840 search results, 10 studies were included. Positive outlook and limited knowledge among providers were seen across trials. Healthcare professionals like telehealth for its ability to improve quality, access, and delivery, save time and money, and be successful. Age, gender, occupation, and work experience also affect health workers knowledge. In Saudi Arabia, healthcare professionals face inadequate expert assistance, patient privacy, internet connection concerns, lack of training courses, lack of telehealth understanding, and high costs while performing telemedicine. Conclusions Healthcare practitioners telehealth perceptions and knowledge were examined in this systematic study. Its collection of concerned experts different personal attitudes and expertise would help enhance telehealths implementation in Saudi Arabia, develop its healthcare delivery alternative, and eliminate frequent problems. Badriah Mousa I Mulayhi | Dr. Jomin George | Judy Jenkins "Assess Perspective and Knowledge of Healthcare Providers Towards Elehealth in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64535.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/other/64535/assess-perspective-and-knowledge-of-healthcare-providers-towards-elehealth-in-saudi-arabia-a-systematic-review/badriah-mousa-i-mulayhi
The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion ...ijtsrd
The impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has gained considerable attention in recent years. The adoption of digital technologies and the internet has resulted in declining influence and power for traditional gatekeepers such as publishing houses and news organizations. Simultaneously, digital media has facilitated the emergence of new voices and players in the media industry. Digital medias impact on power decentralization and gatekeeper erosion is visible in several ways. One significant aspect is the democratization of information, which enables anyone with an internet connection to publish and share content globally, leading to citizen journalism and bypassing traditional gatekeepers. Another aspect is the disruption of conventional media industry business models, as traditional organizations struggle to adjust to the decrease in advertising revenue and the rise of digital platforms. Alternative business models, such as subscription models and crowdfunding, have become more prevalent, leading to the emergence of new players. Overall, the impact of digital media on the distribution of power and the weakening of traditional gatekeepers has brought about significant changes in the media landscape and the way information is shared. Further research is required to fully comprehend the implications of these changes and their impact on society. Dr. Kusum Lata "The Impact of Digital Media on the Decentralization of Power and the Erosion of Traditional Gatekeepers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64544.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64544/the-impact-of-digital-media-on-the-decentralization-of-power-and-the-erosion-of-traditional-gatekeepers/dr-kusum-lata
Online Voices, Offline Impact Ambedkars Ideals and Socio Political Inclusion ...ijtsrd
This research investigates the nexus between online discussions on Dr. B.R. Ambedkars ideals and their impact on social inclusion among college students in Gurugram, Haryana. Surveying 240 students from 12 government colleges, findings indicate that 65 actively engage in online discussions, with 80 demonstrating moderate to high awareness of Ambedkars ideals. Statistically significant correlations reveal that higher online engagement correlates with increased awareness p 0.05 and perceived social inclusion. Variations across colleges and a notable effect of college type on perceived social inclusion highlight the influence of contextual factors. Furthermore, the intersectional analysis underscores nuanced differences based on gender, caste, and socio economic status. Dr. Kusum Lata "Online Voices, Offline Impact: Ambedkar's Ideals and Socio-Political Inclusion - A Study of Gurugram District" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64543.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/political-science/64543/online-voices-offline-impact-ambedkars-ideals-and-sociopolitical-inclusion--a-study-of-gurugram-district/dr-kusum-lata
Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship A Studyijtsrd
Noting calls for contextualizing Agro entrepreneurs problems and challenges of the agro entrepreneurs and for greater attention to the Role of entrepreneurs in agro entrepreneurship research, we conduct a systematic literature review of extent research in agriculture entrepreneurship to overcome the study objectives of complications of agro entrepreneurs through various factors, Development of agriculture products is a key factor for the overall economic growth of agro entrepreneurs Agro Entrepreneurs produces firsthand large scale employment, utilizes the labor and natural resources, This research outlines the problems of Weather and Soil Erosions, Market price fluctuation, stimulates labor cost problems, reduces concentration of Price volatility, Dependency on Intermediaries, induces Limited Bargaining Power, and Storage and Transportation Costs. This paper mainly devoted to highlight Problems and challenges faced for the sustainable of Agro Entrepreneurs in India. Vinay Prasad B "Problems and Challenges of Agro Entreprenurship - A Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64540.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64540/problems-and-challenges-of-agro-entreprenurship--a-study/vinay-prasad-b
Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies o...ijtsrd
Disclosure is a process through which a business enterprise communicates with external parties. A corporate disclosure is communication of financial and non financial information of the activities of a business enterprise to the interested entities. Corporate disclosure is done through publishing annual reports. So corporate disclosure through annual reports plays a vital role in the life of all the companies and provides valuable information to investors. The basic objectives of corporate disclosure is to give a true and fair view of companies to the parties related either directly or indirectly like owner, government, creditors, shareholders etc. in the companies act, provisions have been made about mandatory and voluntary disclosure. The IT sector in India is rapidly growing, the trend to invest in the IT sector is rising and employment opportunities in IT sectors are also increasing. Therefore the IT sector is expected to have fair, full and adequate disclosure of all information. Unfair and incomplete disclosure may adversely affect the entire economy. A research study on disclosure practices of IT companies could play an important role in this regard. Hence, the present research study has been done to study and review comparative analysis of total corporate disclosure of selected IT companies of India and to put forward overall findings and suggestions with a view to increase disclosure score of these companies. The researcher hopes that the present research study will be helpful to all selected Companies for improving level of corporate disclosure through annual reports as well as the government, creditors, investors, all business organizations and upcoming researcher for comparative analyses of level of corporate disclosure with special reference to selected IT companies. Dr. Vaibhavi D. Thaker "Comparative Analysis of Total Corporate Disclosure of Selected IT Companies of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64539.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/64539/comparative-analysis-of-total-corporate-disclosure-of-selected-it-companies-of-india/dr-vaibhavi-d-thaker
The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Right...ijtsrd
This study investigated the impact of educational background and professional training on human rights awareness among secondary school teachers in the Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India. The key findings reveal that higher levels of education, particularly a master’s degree, and fields of study related to education, humanities, or social sciences are associated with greater human rights awareness among teachers. Additionally, both pre service teacher training and in service professional development programs focused on human rights education significantly enhance teacher’s knowledge, skills, and competencies in promoting human rights principles in their classrooms. Baig Ameer Bee Mirza Abdul Aziz | Dr. Syed Azaz Ali Amjad Ali "The Impact of Educational Background and Professional Training on Human Rights Awareness among Secondary School Teachers" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64529.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64529/the-impact-of-educational-background-and-professional-training-on-human-rights-awareness-among-secondary-school-teachers/baig-ameer-bee-mirza-abdul-aziz
A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at t...ijtsrd
“One Language sets you in a corridor for life. Two languages open every door along the way” Frank Smith English as a foreign language or as a second language has been ruling in India since the period of Lord Macaulay. But the question is how much we teach or learn English properly in our culture. Is there any scope to use English as a language rather than a subject How much we learn or teach English without any interference of mother language specially in the classroom teaching learning scenario in West Bengal By considering all these issues the researcher has attempted in this article to focus on the effective teaching learning process comparing to other traditional strategies in the field of English curriculum at the secondary level to investigate whether they fulfill the present teaching learning requirements or not by examining the validity of the present curriculum of English. The purpose of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of the systematic, scientific, sequential and logical transaction of the course between the teachers and the learners in the perspective of the 5Es programme that is engage, explore, explain, extend and evaluate. Sanchali Mondal | Santinath Sarkar "A Study on the Effective Teaching Learning Process in English Curriculum at the Secondary Level of West Bengal" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/62412/a-study-on-the-effective-teaching-learning-process-in-english-curriculum-at-the-secondary-level-of-west-bengal/sanchali-mondal
The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching ...ijtsrd
This paper reports on a study which was conducted to investigate the role of mentoring and its influence on the effectiveness of the teaching of Physics in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. The study adopted the convergent parallel mixed methods design, focusing on respondents in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected, analysed separately, and the results were compared to see if the findings confirm or disconfirm each other. The quantitative analysis found that majority of the respondents 72 of Physics teachers affirmed that they had more experienced colleagues as mentors to help build their confidence, improve their teaching, and help them improve their effectiveness and efficiency in guiding learners’ achievements. Only 28 of the respondents disagreed with these statements. With majority respondents 72 agreeing with the statements, it implies that in most secondary schools, experienced Physics teachers act as mentors to build teachers’ confidence in teaching and improving students’ learning. The interview qualitative data analysis summarized how secondary school Principals use meetings with mentors and mentees to promote mentorship in the school milieu. This has helped strengthen teachers’ classroom practices in secondary schools in the South West Region of Cameroon. With the results confirming each other, the study recommends that mentoring should focus on helping teachers employ social interactions and instructional practices feedback and clarity in teaching that have direct measurable impact on students’ learning achievements. Andrew Ngeim Sumba | Frederick Ebot Ashu | Peter Agborbechem Tambi "The Role of Mentoring and Its Influence on the Effectiveness of the Teaching of Physics in Secondary Schools in the South West Region of Cameroon" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64524.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/management-development/64524/the-role-of-mentoring-and-its-influence-on-the-effectiveness-of-the-teaching-of-physics-in-secondary-schools-in-the-south-west-region-of-cameroon/andrew-ngeim-sumba
Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino Microcontroller Bas...ijtsrd
This study primarily focuses on the design of a high side buck converter using an Arduino microcontroller. The converter is specifically intended for use in DC DC applications, particularly in standalone solar PV systems where the PV output voltage exceeds the load or battery voltage. To evaluate the performance of the converter, simulation experiments are conducted using Proteus Software. These simulations provide insights into the input and output voltages, currents, powers, and efficiency under different state of charge SoC conditions of a 12V,70Ah rechargeable lead acid battery. Additionally, the hardware design of the converter is implemented, and practical data is collected through operation, monitoring, and recording. By comparing the simulation results with the practical results, the efficiency and performance of the designed converter are assessed. The findings indicate that while the buck converter is suitable for practical use in standalone PV systems, its efficiency is compromised due to a lower output current. Chan Myae Aung | Dr. Ei Mon "Design Simulation and Hardware Construction of an Arduino-Microcontroller Based DC-DC High-Side Buck Converter for Standalone PV System" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64518.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/mechanical-engineering/64518/design-simulation-and-hardware-construction-of-an-arduinomicrocontroller-based-dcdc-highside-buck-converter-for-standalone-pv-system/chan-myae-aung
Sustainable Energy by Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadikuijtsrd
Energy becomes sustainable if it meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Some of the definitions of sustainable energy include the considerations of environmental aspects such as greenhouse gas emissions, social, and economic aspects such as energy poverty. Generally far more sustainable than fossil fuel are renewable energy sources such as wind, hydroelectric power, solar, and geothermal energy sources. Worthy of note is that some renewable energy projects, like the clearing of forests to produce biofuels, can cause severe environmental damage. The sustainability of nuclear power which is a low carbon source is highly debated because of concerns about radioactive waste, nuclear proliferation, and accidents. The switching from coal to natural gas has environmental benefits, including a lower climate impact, but could lead to delay in switching to more sustainable options. “Carbon capture and storage” can be built into power plants to remove the carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, but this technology is expensive and has rarely been implemented. Leading non renewable energy sources around the world is fossil fuels, coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Nuclear energy is usually considered another non renewable energy source, although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, but the material used in nuclear power plants is not. The paper addresses the issue of sustainable energy, its attendant benefits to the future generation, and humanity in general. Paul A. Adekunte | Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Janet O. Sadiku "Sustainable Energy" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64534.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/64534/sustainable-energy/paul-a-adekunte
Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations Executive Regulations and Stand...ijtsrd
This paper aims to outline the executive regulations, survey standards, and specifications required for the implementation of the Sudan Survey Act, and for regulating and organizing all surveying work activities in Sudan. The act has been discussed for more than 5 years. The Land Survey Act was initiated by the Sudan Survey Authority and all official legislations were headed by the Sudan Ministry of Justice till it was issued in 2022. The paper presents conceptual guidelines to be used for the Survey Act implementation and to regulate the survey work practice, standardizing the field surveys, processing, quality control, procedures, and the processes related to survey work carried out by the stakeholders and relevant authorities in Sudan. The conceptual guidelines are meant to improve the quality and harmonization of geospatial data and to aid decision making processes as well as geospatial information systems. The established comprehensive executive regulations will govern and regulate the implementation of the Sudan Survey Geomatics Act in all surveying and mapping practices undertaken by the Sudan Survey Authority SSA and state local survey departments for public or private sector organizations. The targeted standards and specifications include the reference frame, projection, coordinate systems, and the guidelines and specifications that must be followed in the field of survey work, processes, and mapping products. In the last few decades, there has been a growing awareness of the importance of geomatics activities and measurements on the Earths surface in space and time, together with observing and mapping the changes. In such cases, data must be captured promptly, standardized, and obtained with more accuracy and specified in much detail. The paper will also highlight the current situation in Sudan, the degree to which survey standards are used, the problems encountered, and the errors that arise from not using the standards and survey specifications. Kamal A. A. Sami "Concepts for Sudan Survey Act Implementations - Executive Regulations and Standards" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63484.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63484/concepts-for-sudan-survey-act-implementations--executive-regulations-and-standards/kamal-a-a-sami
Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model Khartoum Sta...ijtsrd
The discussions between ellipsoid and geoid have invoked many researchers during the recent decades, especially during the GNSS technology era, which had witnessed a great deal of development but still geoid undulation requires more investigations. To figure out a solution for Sudans local geoid, this research has tried to intake the possibility of determining the geoid model by following two approaches, gravimetric and geometrical geoid model determination, by making use of GNSS leveling benchmarks at Khartoum state. The Benchmarks are well distributed in the study area, in which, the horizontal coordinates and the height above the ellipsoid have been observed by GNSS while orthometric heights were carried out using precise leveling. The Global Geopotential Model GGM represented in EGM2008 has been exploited to figure out the geoid undulation at the benchmarks in the study area. This is followed by a fitting process, that has been done to suit the geoid undulation data which has been computed using GNSS leveling data and geoid undulation inspired by the EGM2008. Two geoid surfaces were created after the fitting process to ensure that they are identical and both of them could be counted for getting the same geoid undulation with an acceptable accuracy. In this respect, statistical operation played an important role in ensuring the consistency and integrity of the model by applying cross validation techniques splitting the data into training and testing datasets for building the geoid model and testing its eligibility. The geometrical solution for geoid undulation computation has been utilized by applying straightforward equations that facilitate the calculation of the geoid undulation directly through applying statistical techniques for the GNSS leveling data of the study area to get the common equation parameters values that could be utilized to calculate geoid undulation of any position in the study area within the claimed accuracy. Both systems were checked and proved eligible to be used within the study area with acceptable accuracy which may contribute to solving the geoid undulation problem in the Khartoum area, and be further generalized to determine the geoid model over the entire country, and this could be considered in the future, for regional and continental geoid model. Ahmed M. A. Mohammed. | Kamal A. A. Sami "Towards the Implementation of the Sudan Interpolated Geoid Model (Khartoum State Case Study)" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63483.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/63483/towards-the-implementation-of-the-sudan-interpolated-geoid-model-khartoum-state-case-study/ahmed-m-a-mohammed
Activating Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment Mapijtsrd
Sudan is witnessing an acceleration in the processes of development and transformation in the performance of government institutions to raise the productivity and investment efficiency of the government sector. The development plans and investment opportunities have focused on achieving national goals in various sectors. This paper aims to illuminate the path to the future and provide geospatial data and information to develop the investment climate and environment for all sized businesses, and to bridge the development gap between the Sudan states. The Sudan Survey Authority SSA is the main advisor to the Sudan Government in conducting surveying, mappings, designing, and developing systems related to geospatial data and information. In recent years, SSA made a strategic partnership with the Ministry of Investment to activate Geospatial Information for Sudans Sustainable Investment and in particular, for the preparation and implementation of the Sudan investment map, based on the directives and objectives of the Ministry of Investment MI in Sudan. This paper comes within the framework of activating the efforts of the Ministry of Investment to develop technical investment services by applying techniques adopted by the Ministry and its strategic partners for advancing investment processes in the country. Kamal A. A. Sami "Activating Geospatial Information for Sudan's Sustainable Investment Map" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63482.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/information-technology/63482/activating-geospatial-information-for-sudans-sustainable-investment-map/kamal-a-a-sami
Educational Unity Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Societyijtsrd
In a rapidly changing global landscape, the importance of education as a unifying force cannot be overstated. This paper explores the crucial role of educational unity in fostering a stronger and more inclusive society through the embrace of diversity. By examining the benefits of diverse learning environments, the paper aims to highlight the positive impact on societal strength. The discussion encompasses various dimensions, from curriculum design to classroom dynamics, and emphasizes the need for educational institutions to become catalysts for unity in diversity. It highlights the need for a paradigm shift in educational policies, curricula, and pedagogical approaches to ensure that they are reflective of the diverse fabric of society. This paper also addresses the challenges associated with implementing inclusive educational practices and offers practical strategies for overcoming barriers. It advocates for collaborative efforts between educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create a supportive ecosystem that promotes diversity and unity. Mr. Amit Adhikari | Madhumita Teli | Gopal Adhikari "Educational Unity: Embracing Diversity for a Stronger Society" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64525.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/64525/educational-unity-embracing-diversity-for-a-stronger-society/mr-amit-adhikari
Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management Prospects and...ijtsrd
The diversity of indigenous knowledge systems in India is vast and can vary significantly between different communities and regions. Preserving and respecting these knowledge systems is crucial for maintaining cultural heritage, promoting sustainable practices, and fostering cross cultural understanding. In this paper, an overview of the prospects and challenges associated with incorporating Indian indigenous knowledge into management is explored. It is found that IIKS helps in management in many areas like sustainable development, tourism, food security, natural resource management, cultural preservation and innovation, etc. However, IIKS integration with management faces some challenges in the form of a lack of documentation, cultural sensitivity, language barriers legal framework, etc. Savita Lathwal "Integration of Indian Indigenous Knowledge System in Management: Prospects and Challenges" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63500.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/63500/integration-of-indian-indigenous-knowledge-system-in-management-prospects-and-challenges/savita-lathwal
DeepMask Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in...ijtsrd
The COVID 19 pandemic has highlighted the crucial need of preventive measures, with widespread use of face masks being a key method for slowing the viruss spread. This research investigates face mask identification using deep learning as a technological solution to be reducing the risk of coronavirus transmission. The proposed method uses state of the art convolutional neural networks CNNs and transfer learning to automatically recognize persons who are not wearing masks in a variety of circumstances. We discuss how this strategy improves public health and safety by providing an efficient manner of enforcing mask wearing standards. The report also discusses the obstacles, ethical concerns, and prospective applications of face mask detection systems in the ongoing fight against the pandemic. Dilip Kumar Sharma | Aaditya Yadav "DeepMask: Transforming Face Mask Identification for Better Pandemic Control in the COVID-19 Era" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd64522.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/64522/deepmask-transforming-face-mask-identification-for-better-pandemic-control-in-the-covid19-era/dilip-kumar-sharma
Streamlining Data Collection eCRF Design and Machine Learningijtsrd
Efficient and accurate data collection is paramount in clinical trials, and the design of Electronic Case Report Forms eCRFs plays a pivotal role in streamlining this process. This paper explores the integration of machine learning techniques in the design and implementation of eCRFs to enhance data collection efficiency. We delve into the synergies between eCRF design principles and machine learning algorithms, aiming to optimize data quality, reduce errors, and expedite the overall data collection process. The application of machine learning in eCRF design brings forth innovative approaches to data validation, anomaly detection, and real time adaptability. This paper discusses the benefits, challenges, and future prospects of leveraging machine learning in eCRF design for streamlined and advanced data collection in clinical trials. Dhanalakshmi D | Vijaya Lakshmi Kannareddy "Streamlining Data Collection: eCRF Design and Machine Learning" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd63515.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/biotechnology/63515/streamlining-data-collection-ecrf-design-and-machine-learning/dhanalakshmi-d
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
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Table 1: CLOs statements
Statement
CLO1 Identify the units and dimensions of the physical quantities.
CLO2 Explain the fundamental principles of mechanics, dynamics, energy, and momentum.
CLO3 Analyze the basic principles of electrical circuits and electromagnetic fields.
CLO4 Operate basic Laboratory equipment and collect data.
CLO5 Use graphical models to analyze laboratory data.
Every CLO is assessed by at least by two assessment methods. The variation in the relative weight of each CLO is identified
according to the weight of the topics covered by the CLO of the course. Data was collected on those assessments (exams,
quizzes and lab reports) and analysed to evaluate the scores of students due to their achieving the CLOs. Three assessment
approaches were applied to calculating CLOs of 204 PHST-2 course and the results of 30 enrolled students in thatcoursewere
collected and analysed.
From the assessment results, many activities can be organized such as revising and improving the learning outcomes,
developed the learning activities and resources as well as promote the faculty teaching skills [22]-[24].
The first assessment approach is the average approach, where the scoreaverageofstudentsshouldexceedthesuccesscriteria,
where the success criteria is (60%) that is accordingtoNajranUniversityexaminations rules.Thesecondassessmentapproach
is the threshold approach, where the high number of the students should exceed the success criteria. In the current study,
100% of the students are expected to achieve ≥60%fora specifiedassessment.Theperformancevectoristhethird approach,it
is based on a performance assessment scoring rubric[13].Thecombinationapproachesofaverage,threshold,and performance
vector was introduced in previous studies [13]-[15].The topics covered are mapped clearly to the CLOs, the assessments
methods and the percentages of coverage of each topic are identified. The assessment methods for CLOs and their relative
weights are presented in the following Table;
Table 2: The relative weight (%) for each CLO and assessment methods
Assessment methods Relative weight Total
CLO1
Quiz 2.5
17.5
Midterm written exam 5
Final written exam 10
CLO2
Midterm written exam 15
15
Final written exam 10
CLO3
Quiz 2.5
22.5
Final written exam 20
CLO4
Midterm practical exam 6
18
Final practical exam 12
CLO5
Midterm practical exam 4
17
Final practical exam 8
Lab reports 5
Total 100
Assessment of the results are provided and actions to be taken are suggested[25].
At the end of the semester in which the course is taught the instructor should prepare the course report.
Results and Discussion
A detailed analysis of students’ achievement of CLOs based on the average approach of 204 PHST-2 course for students
enrolled in academic year 2019-2020 was performed and is tabulated in Table 3.
The results in Table 3 show the achievement of CLOs based on the average approach, wherethesuccesscriterionequal 60%as
based in Najran University. It is shown from results in Table 3, the students achieved all CLOs of 204 PHST-2 course of first
semester in academic year 2019-2020.
The students achieved CLO5 with the highest value, where theyrated71.796%,while CLO3wasachievedwiththelowestvalue
(61.937%).
Also, the students achieved CLO1, CLO2 and CLO3 with rate equal 66.420%, 67.384% and 67.149% respectively.
On the other hand, the analysis of achievement of CLOs based on the threshold approach of 204 PHST-2 course is tabulated in
Table 4.
The analysis of achievement of CLOs based on the threshold approach of 204 PHST-2 course is tabulated in Table 4
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Table 3: Students achievement of CLOs based on the average approach
Quiz1 Quiz2
Midterm
(written exam)
Midterm
(practical
exam)
Lab Reports
Final
(written exam)
Final
(practical
exam)
CLO (%)
CLO1 68.32 63.166 67.775 66.420
CLO2 63.733 71.034 67.384
CLO3 65.332 58.542 61.937
CLO4 56.527 77.7708 67.149
CLO5 62.917 73.833 78.637 71.796
Table 4: Students achievement CLOs based on the threshold approach
Percentage of Students Who Exceed the Threshold Value of 60%
Quiz1 Quiz2
Midterm
(written exam)
Midterm
(practical
exam)
Lab Reports
Final
(written exam)
Final
(practical
exam)
CLO (%)
CLO1 60.0 46.666 83.33 63.332
CLO2 60.0 66.66 63.33
CLO3 53.333 60.0 56.667
CLO4 66.666 80 73.33
CLO5 60.0 73.333 90.0 74.443
Table 4 shows the results of achievement of CLOs based on the threshold approach; the students achieved all the CLOs of 204
PHST-2 course expect CLO3. The students achieved CLO5 with the highest value, where they recorded 74.443%.While CLO3
was achieved with the lowest value equal56.667%. In addition, the students achieved CLO1, CLO2 and CLO4 with rates equal
63.332 %, 63.33 %and 73.33 %respectively. According to the obtained results, the achievement of CLO3 did not reach the
target value and it needs action plan for improvement.
The analysis of achievement of CLOs based on the vector performance approach of 204 PHST-2 course is tabulated in Table 5.
Table 5: Students achievement CLOs based on the vector performance approach
Number and percentage of Students Based on the Performance Level
E ≥80% M ≥70% A ≥60% U <60%
No. % No. % No. % No. %
CLO1 4 13.333 15 50.0 25 83.333 5 16.666
CLO2 7 23.33 16 53.33 25 83.333 5 16.666
CLO3 4 13.333 11 36.666 20 66.66 10 33.333
CLO4 6 20.00 19 63.33 25 83.333 5 16.666
CLO5 12 40 19 63.333 26 86.66 4 13.333
Table 5 display the results of achievement of CLOs based on the performance vector approach.
The results show that, the students achieved CLO5 with highest valuecomparedtothe otherCLOs,where12studentsachieved
CLO5 with rate equal ≥80%. So, the percentage of students who join to excellent category is 40 %.
In addition, according to the students’ achievement result of CLO5, only 4 students belong to unsatisfactory categorywithrate
equal 13.33 %.
CLO2 rated the second score of achievement, where the number of students in excellent category is 7 students. They joined to
the excellent category with rate equal 23.33 %, while the number of unsatisfactory students is 5 with rate equal 16.66%.
CLO4 is achieved by 6 students in excellent category with rate equal 20%, while 5 students joined to the unsatisfactory
category with rate equal 16.66%.
CLO1 and CLO3 are achieved by 4 students in excellent category with rate equal 13.13% per each. But, 5 studentsjoinedtothe
unsatisfactory category with rate equals 16.66% for CLO1, while the ratio of unsatisfactory students is doubled to reach
33.33% for CLO3.As mentioned earlier, CLO1 and CLO3 were achieved with an equal number of excellentstudents, but the
different number of unsatisfactory students. Where the highest number ofunsatisfactory students was related to CLO2.
All the collected results of CLOs assessment are grouped and tabulated in a table 6 and presented in Course Report (Course
Performance Report) [13]-[15].
Table 6: Course Performance Report
CLO (%) CLO (%) CLO % Performance Vector CLO Attainment
Average approach Threshold approach E A M U Met NOT Met
CLO1 66.420 63.332 4 15 25 5 √
CLO2 67.384 63.33 7 16 25 5 √
CLO3 61.937 56.667 4 11 20 10 √
CLO4 67.149 73.33 6 19 25 5 √
CLO5 71.796 74.443 12 19 26 4 √
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Based on the obtained results, if a CLO average or threshold
score was above the success criteria, and the number of
unsatisfactory students was less than 20%, the CLO is
achieved and it is met the requirement of the CLO [13].
But a CLO average and threshold below the success criteria
or the number of students with unsatisfactorylevel aremore
than 20%, the CLO is not achieved and it is not met the
requirement of the CLO. Accordingly, the CLO needs action
plan for improvement [13].
Table 6 compares the values of CLOs assessment of 204
PHST-2 course. From the findings of Table 6, it is clear that
CLO5 rated the highest values comparing to the other CLOs
by using the three approaches, whereCLO5recorded71.796
%, 74.443% for average and threshold approaches,
respectively. And it achieved highest number of students
(12) in excellent category (40%), and lowest number of
unsatisfactory students (4) with percentage equal 13.33%.
On the contrary, CLO3 rated the lowest values comparing to
the other CLOs by using the three methods, where it
recorded 61.937%, 56.667 % for average and threshold
methods respectively. And it achieved highest number of
students in unsatisfactory category 10 with percentage
equals 33.333%.
The students’ achievement of CLO1 recorded 66.420%,
63.332 % for average and threshold approach respectively.
And it achieved 4 students in excellent category with rate
equals 31.33% and number of unsatisfactory students is
equal 5 with percentage 16.66%. The students’achievement
of CLO2 recorded 67.384%, 63.33% for average and
threshold method respectively.
And it achieved 7 students in excellentcategory,represented
23.333% and 5 unsatisfactory students with percentage
16.66%. The results of assessment of CLO4 recorded 67.149
% and 73.33% for average and threshold method
respectively. And it achieved 6 students in excellent
category, represented 20% and 5 unsatisfactory students
with percentage 16.66%.
Finally, the above results indicate that CLO3 needs action
plan for improvement to closing the loop, this process is
used to improve the teaching and learning quality at course
and program levels.
Conclusion
Overall, different assessment approacheswerecarriedout to
assess the CLOs of 204 PHST-2 course as compulsory course
for radiological sciences students in Year I, and have been
successfully implemented in first semester in 2019-2020.
The obtained results show that the different approaches of
assessment of CLOs have almost consistent results for each
CLO.
In general, the difference in the achievement value of every
CLO by using average and threshold approaches for this
course lies between 2.6 – 6.2%.
The present study agrees with Nurakmal Ahmad et. al [15]
and Alzubaidi et. al [13], where the three different
approaches can assess the achievement of the CLOs through
the direct assessment methods of CLOs. Also, the average
and threshold approaches can identify a limitation rate to
assess the CLOs achievement. Both the average and
threshold approaches can examine the overall performance
of the course, while the performance vector approach can
display the distribution of students’ achievements.
The findings from this study are based on a comparison
between the collected data of CLOs achievement by using
different assessment approaches. And the results are
enhancing faculty skills on teaching and learning processes
and the assessment experience.
Ethical Approval
After approval of the research proposal by the deanship of
scientific research, it was reviewed by Najran University
ethical review panel. A formal approval to carry out the
study was obtained from the Dean of Applied Medical
Sciences College to conduct the study after an explanation of
its objectives. Informed consent was taken from each
student. All data was confidential and used for the research
purpose only.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to express their gratitude to the
Ministry of Education and the Deanship of Scientific
Research, Najran University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia for
their financial and technical support.
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