3. • Techniques of assessment monitor student
learning during the learning process.
• It helps to identify the areas where students
are struggling, so that the instructors can
adjust their teaching methods.
4. • Teachers and parents use these techniques to
understand a student’s academic strengths
and weakness.
• There are informal techniques such as surveys,
wrappers, etc and formal techniques such as
quizzes, modules, etc
5. OBSERVATION
• In this technique, the assessors observe the
students performing the assessment and see if
they have the ability to perform it properly.
• Practical skills particularly clinical related areas
often use direct observation technique to
assess students.
• Group work such as problem based learning
use this technique to judge a students input.
6. • Observation assessment is only effective when
it follows a systematic plan to help both the
assessor and the student .
• Sometimes, there is no effective alternative to
direct observation.
.
7. ADVANTAGES
• Observation may sometimes be the only
assessment method possible.
• There can be no plagiarism.
• It is a great way to assess practical skills
8. DISADVANTAGES
• Observation does not assess the higher-order
levels of learning outcomes.
• Often not adequate for a full assessment.
• Requires a lot of time.
• An expensive way of assessing.
• The presence of the observer can change
student’s performance as being watched.
• It is difficult to get immediate feedback due to
time constraints.
• It can sometimes be subjective.
9. PROJECTS
• Projects are of extensive value to the students overall
learning process with the addition of project -based
learning to the curriculum.
• Projects help to make concepts relatable for students.
• Project-based assessments are an opportunity to utilize and
measure the higher order thinking skills of students.
• This can be a singular project at the end of a grading period
or it can be done at designated intervals throughout the
marking period.
• The main intention of a project is to understand what has
been learned and what can be applied by the student.
10. • Project method is based on the following
principles:
Principle of utility
Principle of readiness
Principle of doing
Socialization
Inter-disciplinary approach
11. ADVANTAGES
• Helps in developing social norms and social values among the
learners.
• Provides invaluable opportunities for correlation of subject
matter and transfer of learning.
• Helps in growing knowledge very effectively.
DISADVANTAGES
• Project method cannot be planned for all subjects.
• Whole subject matter cannot be taught by this strategy.
• It is not economical from the point of view of time and cost.
• It is very difficult for a teacher to plan or execute the projects
to the learners.
12. ASSIGNMENTS
• Assignments are tasks requiring student
engagement and it’s a final product that enables
you to assess what the students know and don’t
know.
• The number and type of assignments depends
upon your course design and learning outcomes .
• Assignments helps to develop student’s higher-
order thinking skills, writing skills, presentation
skills , collaborative and interpersonal skills.
13. TYPES OF ASSIGNMENTS
• ESSAYS
• WRITING / RESEARCH PAPERS
• ORAL PRESENTATIONS
• CASE STUDIES
• LABS
• GROUP ASSIGNMENTS
14. MERITS
• Easier and less time-consuming.
• Promotes higher-order thinking.
• Transfer and generalization more likely than for
exams.
DEMERITS
• May require additional resources.
• May require class time.
• Typically more time consuming to grade than exams.
• May be less effective for introductory level content.
15. WORKSHEETS
• Worksheets have a widespread use in classrooms at
all levels of assessment.
• It may also refer to a single array of data in
spreadsheet software or an informal piece of paper
that an accountant uses to record information.
• They offer teachers and students several kinds of
unique benefits.
• Teachers use them primarily to keep budgets and
gradebooks and to help teach mathematical topics.
• Worksheet refers to a sheet of paper with questions
for students to record answers.
16.
17.
18. MERITS
• Saves time.
• Organize displays of information.
• Support asking “what if” questions.
• Increase motivation to work with mathematics.
DEMERITS
• Susceptible to trivial human errors.
• Difficult to test.
• Not designed for collaborative work.
• Hard to consolidate.
• Incapable of supporting quick decision making.
