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Assessing and expanding soil health
1. Assessing and Expanding Soil Health
for Productivity, Economic, and Environmental Benefits
A project funded in part by the Foundation for Food and Agriculture
leveraging matching funds and the missions and capacities of
Photo credit: erieconserves.org
Safeguard and enhance
the vitality and
productivity of soil
through scientific
research and
advancement.
Conserve the lands and
waters on which all life
depends.
Measure and
communicate the
economic and
environmental
benefits of different
soil management
strategies.
2018 Soil and Water Conservation Society 2018 Annual Meeting, Albuquerque, New Mexico
Paul W. Tracy – SHI Project Manager
2. Actions in the project
• Create a database of long-term (> 10
years) agricultural research sites in the
U.S., Canada, and Mexico.
• Establish collaborations with key long-
term agricultural experiment field sites.
• Convene an expert panel to establish
standard operating procedures (with
QA/QC plans) for soil sampling and
analyses for indicators.
• Collect soil samples from the research
network and have them analyzed at a
single laboratory.
• Tier 1 indicators at all sites.
• Tier 2 & 3 indicators at a subset.
• Assemble a database of indicator data
and location-specific metadata for
access by all participating locations.
• Analyze data to develop inferences
about how soil health indicators are
influenced by pedogenesis, location,
management history.
• Reach conclusions about relationships
among management practices, soil
health indicators, ecosystem services,
and other desired outcomes.
• Publish recommendations for use of
soil health indicators in different
production systems, soil types,
environments, at different scales.
3. Tier 1 Soil Health Indicators
Chemical/Biological Lab
pH
Electrical Conductivity
Cation Exchange Capacity
Total Nitrogen
Extractable Phosphorus
Extractable Potassium
Percent Base Saturation
Second./Micro. (Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn)
Organic Carbon (SOC)
Short-Term C Mineralization
Nitrogen Mineralization
Physical Lab/Field
Soil Texture
Bulk Density
Water Stable Aggregation (3
procedures)
Available Water Holding Capacity
Crop Yield
Erosion Rating
Soil Penetration Resistance
Water Infiltration Rate ?
Procedures can be found at:
https://soilhealthinstitute.org/soil-health-research
4. Tier 2 & 3 Soil Health Indicators
Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR)
EA’s: B-Glucosidase, B-Glucosaminidase
Phosphatase, Arylsulfatase
Soil Protein Index – Autoclave Citrate Extractable
Active Carbon – Permanganate Oxidizable C (POXC)
Phospholipid Fatty Acid (PLFA) (small subset?)
Ester-Linked Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (EL-FAME) (small subset?)
Genomics (all samples or large subset)
Reflectance
Others (indicators from frameworks/index programs)
Procedures can be found at: https://soilhealthinstitute.org/soil-health-research
5. Soil Health Index programs
Soil Management Assessment Framework (SMAF)
Cornell Comprehensive Assessment of Soil Health
(CASH)
Haney Soil Test
6. Long-term agricultural research sites entered into the Web-GIS
program to date (July 20, 2018)
• 121 sites total
• 34 U.S. States (92 sites)
• 4 Canadian Provinces (19 sites)
• 9 Mexican States (10 sites)
• AB, AGU, AL, AR, CA, CO, DE, FL, GA, HID, IA, ID, IL, IN, KS, KY, MB,
MEX, MI, MIC, MN, MO, MOR, MT, NC, ND, NE, NY, OAX, OH, OK,
ON, OR, PA, QTO, SC, SD, SK, SLP, SON,TN, TX, VA, WA, WI, WV
• USDA LTAR/GRACEnet/CEAP (currently being added)
11. Sorting by multiple treatment attributes:
tillage x cover crop
treatment sites –26
12. Soil health influencing prioritizations for intensive
sampling sites or treatments within sites
1) Soil disturbance
2) Soil cover (amount, active)
3) Species diversity
4) Soil nutrition
5) Others (irrigation, drainage, etc.)
13. Targeted timelines
• Make final site selections Sept., 2018
• Laboratory selections Sept., 2018
• Principle Investigator workshops Oct. 2018 – Jan. 2019
• Sample all selected sites Feb. 2019 – June 2019
• Finish laboratory analysis Fall of 2019
• Data interpretation Fall of 2019 – Dec. 2020