Soil health slides
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This document discusses soil health and how it relates to agriculture. It covers several topics: 1) Soil health tests evaluate soil physics, chemistry, and biology to assess the living system of soil. Traditional soil tests only consider physics and chemistry. 2) Increasing soil organic matter by 1% can increase crop yields by 12% and water holding capacity by 22,000 gallons per acre. Tillage and monocropping decrease organic matter over time. 3) The Soil Health Index evaluates indicators like soil respiration and water-soluble carbon and nitrogen to assess the soil's ability to support plant and microbial life. Comparing scores over time or between fields allows assessment of soil management practices.
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- 1. Soil Health: physics Traditional soil test = soil physics + chemistry Soil = Living System Soil health test = soil physics + chemistry + biology
- 4. Soil Health & Ag Crop yield potential in a field increases ~12% for every 1% increase in OM. Barley yielding 50 bu/acre at a 0.5% OM expect to yield 56 bu/acre at a 1.5% OM. Increasing OM by 1% - adds ~ 22,000 gallons of additional water capacity/acre. Southern Idaho’s low rainfall and reliance on irrigation Tillage, monocropping, and overapplication of fertilizers decrease soil OM overtime. Continuous tillage -> soil loosens to smaller aggregates -> erosion, nutrient/water runoff. Soil OM affects soil properties (structure, moisture retention, biological activity, and plant nutrient availability)
- 5. Idaho Soil Health & Ag In ID, lower OM, higher OM depletion rates, greater soil susceptibility to compaction, and higher soil fragility index are closely associated with agricultural activity. Soil OM OM loss Soil Comp. Soil Fragility
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