Objectives - Compare effects of climate and land use on fluxes within the same climate zone and among the mesic and semi-arid regions - Combine multi-scale observations (satellite, flux sites, inventories, tall towers) in neural networks to determine how current climate, land-use and land cover influence processes - Modify CLM to reduce uncertainties in simulated effects of land use and land cover on biogeochemical and biophysical processes (crops, poplar) - Investigate future climate variability, and effects of changes in land use and land cover on terrestrial processes