OpenPOWER Webinar on Machine Learning for Academic Research Ganesan Narayanasamy
The document discusses machine learning and deep learning techniques. It provides examples of different machine learning algorithms like decision trees, linear regression, neural networks and deep learning models. It also discusses applications of machine learning in areas like computer vision, natural language processing and bioinformatics. Finally, it talks about technologies that can help democratize machine learning like distributed computing frameworks and open source libraries.
Recent trends discussed include digital transformation, COVID-19 impact, remote working, and disruptive technologies like quantum physics and driverless vehicles. Machine learning techniques can help analyze large, complex datasets and make predictions. Unsupervised machine learning models can find hidden patterns in unlabeled data and group objects based on similarities. Supervised learning predicts target variables using labeled examples to train algorithms like decision trees and random forests. The machine learning process involves data preparation, algorithm selection, model training, prediction, and evaluation.
Traditional Machine Learning and Deep Learning on OpenPOWER/POWER systemsGanesan Narayanasamy
This presentation gave deep dive into various machine learning and deep learning algorithms followed by an overview of the hardware and software technologies for democratization of AI including OpenPOWER/POWER9 solutions.
Machine learning algorithms have evolved from knowledge-driven expert systems to data-driven systems enabled by machine learning. Hundreds of machine learning methods now exist, including various types of neural networks, genetic algorithms, decision trees, and more. Automated machine learning (AutoML) is now possible due to advancements in expert systems, computing power, data manipulation techniques, and sophisticated learning algorithms. AutoML involves automated data cleansing, transformations, model training and evaluation, and can deploy models for use in various applications.
Recently, in the fields Business Intelligence and Data Management, everybody is talking about data science, machine learning, predictive analytics and many other “clever” terms with promises to turn your data into gold. In this slides, we present the big picture of data science and machine learning. First, we define the context for data mining from BI perspective, and try to clarify various buzzwords in this field. Then we give an overview of the machine learning paradigms. After that, we are going to discuss - at a high level - the various data mining tasks, techniques and applications. Next, we will have a quick tour through the Knowledge Discovery Process. Screenshots from demos will be shown, and finally we conclude with some takeaway points.
The document discusses challenges for machine learning data storage and management. It notes that machine learning workloads involve large and growing data sizes and types. Proper data governance is also essential for ensuring trustworthy machine learning systems, through mechanisms like data lineage tracking and access control. Emerging areas like edge computing further complicate storage needs. Effective machine learning storage systems will need to address issues of data access speeds, management, reproducibility and governance.
Makine Öğrenmesi, Yapay Zeka ve Veri Bilimi Süreçlerinin Otomatikleştirilmesi...Ali Alkan
The document summarizes an agenda for a presentation on machine learning and data science. It includes an introduction to CRISP-DM (Cross Industry Standard for Data Mining), guided analytics, and a KNIME demo. It also discusses the differences between machine learning, artificial intelligence, and data science. Machine learning produces predictions, artificial intelligence produces actions, and data science produces insights. It provides an overview of the CRISP-DM process for data mining projects including the business understanding, data understanding, data preparation, modeling, evaluation, and deployment phases. It also discusses guided analytics and interactive systems to assist business analysts in finding insights and predicting outcomes from data.
This document provides an overview of machine learning:
1. Machine learning is a branch of artificial intelligence that uses data to help computers learn without being explicitly programmed. It can recognize patterns in large amounts of data.
2. Machine learning involves collecting large datasets, creating algorithms to detect patterns in the data, and using those patterns to make predictions on new data.
3. Machine learning has many applications like improving health, making utilities more efficient, and simplifying the future through technologies like personalized assistants, optimized transportation, and computer vision.
OpenPOWER Webinar on Machine Learning for Academic Research Ganesan Narayanasamy
The document discusses machine learning and deep learning techniques. It provides examples of different machine learning algorithms like decision trees, linear regression, neural networks and deep learning models. It also discusses applications of machine learning in areas like computer vision, natural language processing and bioinformatics. Finally, it talks about technologies that can help democratize machine learning like distributed computing frameworks and open source libraries.
Recent trends discussed include digital transformation, COVID-19 impact, remote working, and disruptive technologies like quantum physics and driverless vehicles. Machine learning techniques can help analyze large, complex datasets and make predictions. Unsupervised machine learning models can find hidden patterns in unlabeled data and group objects based on similarities. Supervised learning predicts target variables using labeled examples to train algorithms like decision trees and random forests. The machine learning process involves data preparation, algorithm selection, model training, prediction, and evaluation.
Traditional Machine Learning and Deep Learning on OpenPOWER/POWER systemsGanesan Narayanasamy
This presentation gave deep dive into various machine learning and deep learning algorithms followed by an overview of the hardware and software technologies for democratization of AI including OpenPOWER/POWER9 solutions.
Machine learning algorithms have evolved from knowledge-driven expert systems to data-driven systems enabled by machine learning. Hundreds of machine learning methods now exist, including various types of neural networks, genetic algorithms, decision trees, and more. Automated machine learning (AutoML) is now possible due to advancements in expert systems, computing power, data manipulation techniques, and sophisticated learning algorithms. AutoML involves automated data cleansing, transformations, model training and evaluation, and can deploy models for use in various applications.
Recently, in the fields Business Intelligence and Data Management, everybody is talking about data science, machine learning, predictive analytics and many other “clever” terms with promises to turn your data into gold. In this slides, we present the big picture of data science and machine learning. First, we define the context for data mining from BI perspective, and try to clarify various buzzwords in this field. Then we give an overview of the machine learning paradigms. After that, we are going to discuss - at a high level - the various data mining tasks, techniques and applications. Next, we will have a quick tour through the Knowledge Discovery Process. Screenshots from demos will be shown, and finally we conclude with some takeaway points.
The document discusses challenges for machine learning data storage and management. It notes that machine learning workloads involve large and growing data sizes and types. Proper data governance is also essential for ensuring trustworthy machine learning systems, through mechanisms like data lineage tracking and access control. Emerging areas like edge computing further complicate storage needs. Effective machine learning storage systems will need to address issues of data access speeds, management, reproducibility and governance.
Makine Öğrenmesi, Yapay Zeka ve Veri Bilimi Süreçlerinin Otomatikleştirilmesi...Ali Alkan
The document summarizes an agenda for a presentation on machine learning and data science. It includes an introduction to CRISP-DM (Cross Industry Standard for Data Mining), guided analytics, and a KNIME demo. It also discusses the differences between machine learning, artificial intelligence, and data science. Machine learning produces predictions, artificial intelligence produces actions, and data science produces insights. It provides an overview of the CRISP-DM process for data mining projects including the business understanding, data understanding, data preparation, modeling, evaluation, and deployment phases. It also discusses guided analytics and interactive systems to assist business analysts in finding insights and predicting outcomes from data.
This document provides an overview of machine learning:
1. Machine learning is a branch of artificial intelligence that uses data to help computers learn without being explicitly programmed. It can recognize patterns in large amounts of data.
2. Machine learning involves collecting large datasets, creating algorithms to detect patterns in the data, and using those patterns to make predictions on new data.
3. Machine learning has many applications like improving health, making utilities more efficient, and simplifying the future through technologies like personalized assistants, optimized transportation, and computer vision.
This presentation was made on June 18, 2020.
Video recording of the session can be viewed here: https://youtu.be/YEtDwYSXXJo
For many companies, model documentation is a requirement for any model to be used in the business. For other companies, model documentation is part of a data science team’s best practices. Model documentation includes how a model was created, training and test data characteristics, what alternatives were considered, how the model was evaluated, and information on model performance.
Collecting and documenting this information can take a data scientist days to complete for each model. The model document needs to be comprehensive and consistent across various projects. The process of creating this documentation is tedious for the data scientist and wasteful for the business because the data scientist could be using that time to build additional models and create more value. Inconsistent or inaccurate model documentation can be an issue for model validation, governance, and regulatory compliance.
In this virtual meetup, we will learn how to create comprehensive, high-quality model documentation in minutes that saves time, increases productivity, and improves model governance.
Speaker's Bio:
Nikhil Shekhar: Nikhil is a Machine Learning Engineer at H2O.ai. He is currently working on our automatic machine learning platform, Driverless AI. He graduated from the University of Buffalo majoring in Artificial Intelligence and is interested in developing scalable machine learning algorithms.
Keynote presentation from ECBS conference. The talk is about how to use machine learning and AI in improving software engineering. Experiences from our project in Software Center (www.software-center.se).
A presentation covers how data science is connected to build effective machine learning solutions. How to build end to end solutions in Azure ML. How to build, model, and evaluate algorithms in Azure ML.
As the complexity of choosing optimised and task specific steps and ML models is often beyond non-experts, the rapid growth of machine learning applications has created a demand for off-the-shelf machine learning methods that can be used easily and without expert knowledge. We call the resulting research area that targets progressive automation of machine learning AutoML.
Although it focuses on end users without expert knowledge, AutoML also offers new tools to machine learning experts, for example to:
1. Perform architecture search over deep representations
2. Analyse the importance of hyperparameters.
Engineering Intelligent Systems using Machine Learning Saurabh Kaushik
This document discusses machine learning and how to engineer intelligent systems. It begins with an overview of machine learning compared to traditional programming. Next, it explains why machine learning is significant due to its ability to automate complex tasks and adapt/learn. It then discusses what machine learning is, the process of building machine learning models including data preparation, algorithm selection, training and evaluation. Finally, it provides examples of machine learning applications and demos predicting customer churn using classification algorithms and evaluating model performance.
This document summarizes the 22nd ACM SIGKDD conference on knowledge discovery and data mining. It discusses the following topics in 3 sentences or less each:
- Overview of the conference with ~80 sessions and 2,700 participants
- Popular business applications of data mining like recommendation systems, predictive maintenance, and customer targeting
- The typical predictive modeling flow including data preparation, model training, evaluation, and deployment
This document provides an overview of AWS Sagemaker Autopilot, which is an automated machine learning service. It begins with introductions to machine learning and automated machine learning (AutoML). Key benefits of AutoML are that it allows building ML models without extensive programming knowledge, saves time and resources, and provides agile problem-solving. The document then introduces AWS Sagemaker Autopilot and explains how it works, including analyzing data, feature engineering, and model tuning stages. It provides a hands-on demo overview and recommends learning resources. The presenter's background and contact details are also included.
The document discusses automated machine learning (AutoML). It defines AutoML as providing methods to make machine learning more efficient and accessible to non-machine learning experts. AutoML aims to automate tasks like data preprocessing, feature engineering, algorithm selection and hyperparameter optimization. This can reduce costs, increase productivity for data scientists and democratize machine learning. The document also lists several AutoML tools that provide hyperparameter tuning, full pipeline optimization or neural architecture search.
This document discusses developing analytics applications using machine learning on Azure Databricks and Apache Spark. It begins with an introduction to Richard Garris and the agenda. It then covers the data science lifecycle including data ingestion, understanding, modeling, and integrating models into applications. Finally, it demonstrates end-to-end examples of predicting power output, scoring leads, and predicting ratings from reviews.
Building a Data Driven Culture and AI Revolution With Gregory Little | Curren...HostedbyConfluent
Building a Data Driven Culture and AI Revolution With Gregory Little | Current 2022
Transforming business or mission through AI/ML doesn't start with technology but with culture…and an audit. At least as much is true for the US Department of Defense (DoD), which presents significant modernization challenges because of its mission scope, expansive global footprint, and massive size - with over 2.8 million people, it is the largest employer in the world. Greg Little discusses how establishing the DoD’s annual audit became a surprising accelerator for the department’s data and analytics journey. It revealed the foundational needs for data management to run a $3 trillion in assets enterprise, and its successful implementation required breaking through deeply entrenched cultural and organizational resistance across DoD.
In this session, Greg will discuss what it will take to guide the evolution of technology and culture in parallel: leadership, technology that enables rapid scale and a complete & reliable data flow, and a data driven culture.
In this presentation Juan M. Huerta talks about big data adoption process at Citi, realising the technical value of big data and global solutions. Huerta goes on to talk about following a hybrid approach, and the future of analytics, expensive algorithms applied to large datasets. With Citi using these approaches in hopes of getting even wider global recognition.
The Power of Auto ML and How Does it WorkIvo Andreev
Automated ML is an approach to minimize the need of data science effort by enabling domain experts to build ML models without having deep knowledge of algorithms, mathematics or programming skills. The mechanism works by allowing end-users to simply provide data and the system automatically does the rest by determining approach to perform particular ML task. At first this may sound discouraging to those aiming to the “sexiest job of the 21st century” - the data scientists. However, Auto ML should be considered as democratization of ML, rather that automatic data science.
In this session we will talk about how Auto ML works, how is it implemented by Microsoft and how it could improve the productivity of even professional data scientists.
Artificial Intelligence for Automating Data AnalysisManuel Martín
The requirements for analysing big volumes of data have increased over the last few decades. The process of selecting, cleaning, modelling and interpreting data is called the KDD process. The decision of how to approach each step in this process has often been made manually by experts. However, experts cannot be aware of all methods, nor is it feasible to try all of them. Researchers have proposed different approaches for automating, or at least advising, the stages of the KDD process. This talk will outline the different types of Intelligent Discovery Assistants as described in the work of Serban et al. “A survey of intelligent assistants for data analysis” and point out some future directions.
4th International Conference On Recent Advances in Mathematical Sciences and Applications (RAMSA - 21) organized by GVP College of Engineering. This deck is an overview of the trends in ML Engineering which is evolving as a discipline and how Mathematics, Machine Learning and ML Engineering are related to one another.
Top Rated Dissertation Data Analysis Services | PhD AssistancePHDAssistance2
Data Analytics is the keystone of transformative technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML). In the realm of AI and ML applications, data-driven insights empower businesses and researchers to make informed decisions, unravel patterns, and predict future trends.
For complete dissertation by statistics solution, visit - https://shorturl.at/oMSXY
Check our site to know more about real-time data analytics examples - https://shorturl.at/oszJ6
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UK: +44 7537144372
Real-time data analytics analyses data as it’s generated or received, providing immediate insights and actionable information. Unlike traditional batch processing, which deals with data in fixed intervals, real-time data source analytics operate on a continuous data stream
For machine learning project proposal, visit - https://www.phdassistance.com/services/phd-data-analysis/quantitative-confirmatory-analysis/
Check our site to know more about ai applications examples - https://www.phdassistance.com/services/phd-data-analysis/
For #Enquiry:
Email: info@phdassistance.com
India: +91 91769 66446
UK: +44 7537144372
This document provides an overview of deep learning tutorials and the deep learning landscape. It discusses the evolution of machine learning from 2012 to the present, focusing on developments in deep neural networks. It outlines popular deep learning system architectures including distributed architectures, standalone toolkits, and bleeding edge directions like convolutional neural networks, LSTMs, memory networks, reinforcement learning, and generative models. The document aims to give readers an introduction to the key concepts and industry applications of deep learning.
This presentation was made on June 18, 2020.
Video recording of the session can be viewed here: https://youtu.be/YEtDwYSXXJo
For many companies, model documentation is a requirement for any model to be used in the business. For other companies, model documentation is part of a data science team’s best practices. Model documentation includes how a model was created, training and test data characteristics, what alternatives were considered, how the model was evaluated, and information on model performance.
Collecting and documenting this information can take a data scientist days to complete for each model. The model document needs to be comprehensive and consistent across various projects. The process of creating this documentation is tedious for the data scientist and wasteful for the business because the data scientist could be using that time to build additional models and create more value. Inconsistent or inaccurate model documentation can be an issue for model validation, governance, and regulatory compliance.
In this virtual meetup, we will learn how to create comprehensive, high-quality model documentation in minutes that saves time, increases productivity, and improves model governance.
Speaker's Bio:
Nikhil Shekhar: Nikhil is a Machine Learning Engineer at H2O.ai. He is currently working on our automatic machine learning platform, Driverless AI. He graduated from the University of Buffalo majoring in Artificial Intelligence and is interested in developing scalable machine learning algorithms.
Keynote presentation from ECBS conference. The talk is about how to use machine learning and AI in improving software engineering. Experiences from our project in Software Center (www.software-center.se).
A presentation covers how data science is connected to build effective machine learning solutions. How to build end to end solutions in Azure ML. How to build, model, and evaluate algorithms in Azure ML.
As the complexity of choosing optimised and task specific steps and ML models is often beyond non-experts, the rapid growth of machine learning applications has created a demand for off-the-shelf machine learning methods that can be used easily and without expert knowledge. We call the resulting research area that targets progressive automation of machine learning AutoML.
Although it focuses on end users without expert knowledge, AutoML also offers new tools to machine learning experts, for example to:
1. Perform architecture search over deep representations
2. Analyse the importance of hyperparameters.
Engineering Intelligent Systems using Machine Learning Saurabh Kaushik
This document discusses machine learning and how to engineer intelligent systems. It begins with an overview of machine learning compared to traditional programming. Next, it explains why machine learning is significant due to its ability to automate complex tasks and adapt/learn. It then discusses what machine learning is, the process of building machine learning models including data preparation, algorithm selection, training and evaluation. Finally, it provides examples of machine learning applications and demos predicting customer churn using classification algorithms and evaluating model performance.
This document summarizes the 22nd ACM SIGKDD conference on knowledge discovery and data mining. It discusses the following topics in 3 sentences or less each:
- Overview of the conference with ~80 sessions and 2,700 participants
- Popular business applications of data mining like recommendation systems, predictive maintenance, and customer targeting
- The typical predictive modeling flow including data preparation, model training, evaluation, and deployment
This document provides an overview of AWS Sagemaker Autopilot, which is an automated machine learning service. It begins with introductions to machine learning and automated machine learning (AutoML). Key benefits of AutoML are that it allows building ML models without extensive programming knowledge, saves time and resources, and provides agile problem-solving. The document then introduces AWS Sagemaker Autopilot and explains how it works, including analyzing data, feature engineering, and model tuning stages. It provides a hands-on demo overview and recommends learning resources. The presenter's background and contact details are also included.
The document discusses automated machine learning (AutoML). It defines AutoML as providing methods to make machine learning more efficient and accessible to non-machine learning experts. AutoML aims to automate tasks like data preprocessing, feature engineering, algorithm selection and hyperparameter optimization. This can reduce costs, increase productivity for data scientists and democratize machine learning. The document also lists several AutoML tools that provide hyperparameter tuning, full pipeline optimization or neural architecture search.
This document discusses developing analytics applications using machine learning on Azure Databricks and Apache Spark. It begins with an introduction to Richard Garris and the agenda. It then covers the data science lifecycle including data ingestion, understanding, modeling, and integrating models into applications. Finally, it demonstrates end-to-end examples of predicting power output, scoring leads, and predicting ratings from reviews.
Building a Data Driven Culture and AI Revolution With Gregory Little | Curren...HostedbyConfluent
Building a Data Driven Culture and AI Revolution With Gregory Little | Current 2022
Transforming business or mission through AI/ML doesn't start with technology but with culture…and an audit. At least as much is true for the US Department of Defense (DoD), which presents significant modernization challenges because of its mission scope, expansive global footprint, and massive size - with over 2.8 million people, it is the largest employer in the world. Greg Little discusses how establishing the DoD’s annual audit became a surprising accelerator for the department’s data and analytics journey. It revealed the foundational needs for data management to run a $3 trillion in assets enterprise, and its successful implementation required breaking through deeply entrenched cultural and organizational resistance across DoD.
In this session, Greg will discuss what it will take to guide the evolution of technology and culture in parallel: leadership, technology that enables rapid scale and a complete & reliable data flow, and a data driven culture.
In this presentation Juan M. Huerta talks about big data adoption process at Citi, realising the technical value of big data and global solutions. Huerta goes on to talk about following a hybrid approach, and the future of analytics, expensive algorithms applied to large datasets. With Citi using these approaches in hopes of getting even wider global recognition.
The Power of Auto ML and How Does it WorkIvo Andreev
Automated ML is an approach to minimize the need of data science effort by enabling domain experts to build ML models without having deep knowledge of algorithms, mathematics or programming skills. The mechanism works by allowing end-users to simply provide data and the system automatically does the rest by determining approach to perform particular ML task. At first this may sound discouraging to those aiming to the “sexiest job of the 21st century” - the data scientists. However, Auto ML should be considered as democratization of ML, rather that automatic data science.
In this session we will talk about how Auto ML works, how is it implemented by Microsoft and how it could improve the productivity of even professional data scientists.
Artificial Intelligence for Automating Data AnalysisManuel Martín
The requirements for analysing big volumes of data have increased over the last few decades. The process of selecting, cleaning, modelling and interpreting data is called the KDD process. The decision of how to approach each step in this process has often been made manually by experts. However, experts cannot be aware of all methods, nor is it feasible to try all of them. Researchers have proposed different approaches for automating, or at least advising, the stages of the KDD process. This talk will outline the different types of Intelligent Discovery Assistants as described in the work of Serban et al. “A survey of intelligent assistants for data analysis” and point out some future directions.
4th International Conference On Recent Advances in Mathematical Sciences and Applications (RAMSA - 21) organized by GVP College of Engineering. This deck is an overview of the trends in ML Engineering which is evolving as a discipline and how Mathematics, Machine Learning and ML Engineering are related to one another.
Top Rated Dissertation Data Analysis Services | PhD AssistancePHDAssistance2
Data Analytics is the keystone of transformative technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML). In the realm of AI and ML applications, data-driven insights empower businesses and researchers to make informed decisions, unravel patterns, and predict future trends.
For complete dissertation by statistics solution, visit - https://shorturl.at/oMSXY
Check our site to know more about real-time data analytics examples - https://shorturl.at/oszJ6
For #Enquiry:
Email: info@phdassistance.com
India: +91 91769 66446
UK: +44 7537144372
Real-time data analytics analyses data as it’s generated or received, providing immediate insights and actionable information. Unlike traditional batch processing, which deals with data in fixed intervals, real-time data source analytics operate on a continuous data stream
For machine learning project proposal, visit - https://www.phdassistance.com/services/phd-data-analysis/quantitative-confirmatory-analysis/
Check our site to know more about ai applications examples - https://www.phdassistance.com/services/phd-data-analysis/
For #Enquiry:
Email: info@phdassistance.com
India: +91 91769 66446
UK: +44 7537144372
This document provides an overview of deep learning tutorials and the deep learning landscape. It discusses the evolution of machine learning from 2012 to the present, focusing on developments in deep neural networks. It outlines popular deep learning system architectures including distributed architectures, standalone toolkits, and bleeding edge directions like convolutional neural networks, LSTMs, memory networks, reinforcement learning, and generative models. The document aims to give readers an introduction to the key concepts and industry applications of deep learning.
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IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
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image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
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### How TDM Works
1. **Time Slots Allocation**: The core principle of TDM is to assign distinct time slots to each signal. During each time slot, the respective signal is transmitted, and then the process repeats cyclically. For example, if there are four signals to be transmitted, the TDM cycle will divide time into four slots, each assigned to one signal.
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### Types of TDM
1. **Synchronous TDM**: In synchronous TDM, time slots are pre-assigned to each signal, regardless of whether the signal has data to transmit or not. This can lead to inefficiencies if some time slots remain empty due to the absence of data.
2. **Asynchronous TDM (or Statistical TDM)**: Asynchronous TDM addresses the inefficiencies of synchronous TDM by allocating time slots dynamically based on the presence of data. Time slots are assigned only when there is data to transmit, which optimizes the use of the communication channel.
### Applications of TDM
- **Telecommunications**: TDM is extensively used in telecommunication systems, such as in T1 and E1 lines, where multiple telephone calls are transmitted over a single line by assigning each call to a specific time slot.
- **Digital Audio and Video Broadcasting**: TDM is used in broadcasting systems to transmit multiple audio or video streams over a single channel, ensuring efficient use of bandwidth.
- **Computer Networks**: TDM is used in network protocols and systems to manage the transmission of data from multiple sources over a single network medium.
### Advantages of TDM
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2. Agenda
• Terminology
• Industries Adoption
• Why should I Pursue
• Interesting Usecases
• Branches of Artificial Intelligence
• Types of Machine Learning
• End to End ML process
• Data Preprocessing
• Major Algorithms
• Regression (Linear)
• Logistic Regression
• Decision Trees
• Random Forest
• XGBoost
• Clustering
• Neural Networks
16. Major Machine Learning Algorithms
Linear Regression
Logistic Regression
Decision Trees
Ensemble Models
Random Forest
Gradient Boosting Method
Clustering
Artificial Neural Networks
17. Linear Regression
• Regression Analysis is used to
predict the value of one variable
(dependent variable) on the basis of
other variables (independent
variables)
• Linear regression models are often
fitted using the least squares
approach
• Assumptions:
• Linearity
• Homoscedasticity
• Non Multi-collinearity
• Normality