This document discusses different approaches to artificial intelligence including symbolic, sub-symbolic, and statistical approaches. It provides examples of applications of AI such as natural language processing, expert systems, face recognition, robotics, and game playing. While AI is present in many applications like Google and Siri, the document argues that current AI is still far from achieving human-level intelligence.

3. Agenda
 Introduction
 Motivation
 Generation
 Application
 Conclusion

4. What is artificial intelligence
 Artificial = a human creation that did not
occur naturally
 Intelligence = the ability to learn and
apply knowledge
 Even before computers and internet
being so popular
 They can help them in different field

5. Motivation
 For more complex problems, things get more
difficult... Unlike humans, computers have trouble
understanding specific situations, and adapting to
new situations.
 Artificial Intelligence aims to improve machine
behavior in tackling such complex tasks.
 AI research is allowing us to understand our
intelligent behavior.

6. A.I. in Fiction

7. How Does One Make A.I?
 Symbolic
 Sub-Symbolic
 Statistical

8. Symbolic Approach
 Logic-based
 All knowledge is “taught” by humans
 Everything is in a controlled environment
 To mimic human-intellect, it would take
millions of trigger conditions and rules
 This approach was popular in the 60s
and 70s

9. Symbolic Example
 Video Game NPCs

10. More Examples!

11. Sub-Symbolic Approach
 Pattern-based is applied to determine the
result of decisions
 Uses a bottom-up/inductive approach
 Information is processed in parallel via
neurons
 This mimics the structure of the human
brain
 Improves on the Symbolic Approach
 This approach was popular in the 80s-00s

12. Sub Symbolic Examples
 Neural Networks

13. Statistical Approach
 Database-based
 The A.I. is programmed with functions to
analyze data and creates its own
conclusion
 Uncontrolled environment, although
certain parameters are provided
 Improves on Sub-Symbolic approach
 This approach began in 2000s

14. Statistical Example
81.7% 76.7%74.8%

15. Applications of AI:
 Natural Language Understanding
 Expert Systems
 Face Recognition
 Planning and Robotics
 Game Playing

16. Speech Recognition
 Process of converting sound signal
captured by microphone or
mobile/telephone to a set of words.
 70-100 words / min with accuracy of
90%

17. Face Recognition
 Ability of a machine to extract
information from an image that is
necessary to solve a task
 Image Acquisition
 Image Processing
 Image Analysis
 Image understanding

18. Intelligent Robot
 Tend to mimic
human sensing
and decision
making abilities so
that they can
adopt themselves
to certain
conditions and
modify their
actions.

19. Expert Systems
 These are Software
used for decision
making .
 Automated Reasoning
and Theorem Proving.
 Stock Market Expert
System.

20. So Are We Close to Strong A.I?
 A.I. is present in everyday life
 Examples: Google, Siri, video games
 But are they “intelligent?”
 Functional by still far from human
intelligence.

21. Work Cited
 Jesus Suarez. “Intro to Neural Networks." Online video clip.
YouTube. YouTube, 14 Dec. 2009. Web. 14 Nov. 2013. http://youtu.be/DG5-UyRBQD4
 GoogleTechTalks. “Google Faculty Summit 2009: Statistical Machine Translation.” Online video clip. Youtube. Youtube, 5 Oct. 2009.
Web. 14 Nov. 2013. http://youtu.be/y_PzPDRPwlA
 PBS Idea Channel. “Is Developing Artificial Intelligence (AI) Ethical? | Idea Channel | PBS Digital Studios.” Online video clip. Youtube.
Youtube, 29 May, 2013. Web. 8 Nov. 2013. http://youtu.be/95KhuSbYJGE
 PBSoffbook. “The Rise of Artificial Intelligence | Off Book | PBS Digital Studios.” Online video clip. Youtube. Youtube, 11 Jul. 2013. Web.
8 Nov. 2013. http://youtu.be/53K1dMyslJg
 Computerphile. “How Intelligent is Artificial Intelligence? – Computerphile.” Online video clip. Youtube. Youtube, 27 Sept. 2013. Web. 8
Nov. 2013. http://youtu.be/hcoa7OMAmRk
 Vojteek. “How to steal in Skyrim.” Online video clip. Youtube. Youtube, 10 Nov. 2011. Web. 8 Nov. 2013. http://youtu.be/rt5aUdijAN8
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strong_AI
 “Artificial Intelligence." Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 11 Nov. 2013. Web. 8 Nov. 2013.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence
 “Artificial Intelligence (video games)." Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 23 Oct. 2013. Web. 8 Nov. 2013.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence_%28video_games%29
 “Intelligence." Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 5 Nov.. 2013. Web. 8 Nov. 2013.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligence
 “Artificiality." Wikipedia: The Free Encyclopedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. 9 Oct. 2013. Web. 8 Nov. 2013.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificiality
 P.B. Khanale and S.D. Chitnis. “Handwritten Devanagari Character Recognition using Artificial Neural Network." Journal of Artificial
Intelligence, 4,1 (2011): 55-62. Print.
 Vardi, Moshe Y. “Artificial Intelligence: Past and Future.“Communications of the ACM, 55,1 (2012): 5. Print.
 Barbrook, Richard. “New York Prophecies: The Imaginary Future of Artificial Intelligence.." Science as Culture, 16,2 (2007): 151-167.
Print.
 Clark, Liat. Google Brain Simulator Identifies Cats on Youtube. Wired.CO.UK, 26 Jun. 2012. Web. 8 Nov. 2013.
http://www.wired.co.uk/news/archive/2012-06/26/google-brain-recognises-cats
 Jeff [Jeff Wofford]. “How Siri Works” Holy Ghost Stories. Holy Ghost Stories, 5 Oct. 2011. Web. 14 Nov. 2013.
http://www.jeffwofford.com/?p=817
 GameTrailers. “The Science of Games – Artificial Intelligence.” Online video clip. Gametrailers. Gametrailers, 21 July. 2013. Web. 8 Nov.
2013. http://www.gametrailers.com/videos/fr3sos/science-of-games-artificial-intelligence