1. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRONTIERS IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Research Article
ISSN 2321 – 0494
www.ijfstonline.org
Received on: 20.5.13 Revised and Accepted on: 4.7.13
TEM Analysis of Pani at Medium Acidic Stipulation
Senthil Kannan K*
, Ragavendiran R M1
, Rajamanogaran R M1
, Retwik Wagish1
, Ponnuswamy
A1
, Manojkumar P1
, Nireshkumar S1
1
School Of Engg Vels University Pallavaram Chennai 600117.
July-sept-2013 volume 1 Issue 3 Page 132
ABSTRACT
Nano crystalline constituents are polycrystalline with grain sizes in the range 1 to 100
nanometers. Because of the extremely small dimensions, a large volume fraction of the atoms is
located at the grain boundaries and this confers special attributes to these materials [1].
Polyaniline - PANI is found to be suitable for a number of applications in computer
manufacturing processes. Polyaniline can play momentous roles in lithographic processes, which
are used to fabricate integrated circuits. In the present case Polyaniline is prepared by chemical
synthesis method. This is characterised by pure Polyaniline and Polyaniline with Taxol solution.
Key words: Polyaniline, TEM, Taxol.....
*
Corresponding Author: K.Senthil Kannan et.al. E-mail: msc.goldmedalist@ymail.com
INTRODUCTION
Polyaniline-PANI- Nano material is found to be suitable for computer related manufacturing
processes.Polyaniline can play significant roles in lithographic processes, which are used to
fabricate integrated circuits (ICs). Lithograph relies on radiation sensitive polymers called
resists. Doped polyaniline, very reactive towards oxygen and moisture suffers irreversible loss of
conductivity in atmosphere. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a method whereby a
beam of electrons are transmitted all the way through an ultra-thin sample, act together with the
specimen as it passes through [2].
An image is formed from the interaction of the electrons; the image is magnified
and focused onto an imaging device, such as a fluorescent screen, on a layer of the film, or to be
detected by a sensor such as a CCD camera.

2. K.Senthil kannan.et.al www.ijfstonline.org
July –Sep 2013 Volume 1 Issue 3 Page 133
TEMs are proficient of imaging at a momentously higher resolution than light microscopes,
outstanding to the small de Broglie wavelength of electrons. This enables the instrument's user to
examine fine detail—even as small as a single column of atoms, which is tens of thousands times
smaller than the smallest resolvable object in a light microscope.
TEMs consist of the following components:
 An electron source
 Thermionic Gun
 Electron beam
 Electromagnetic lenses
 Vacuum chamber
 2 Condensers
 Sample stage
 Phosphor or fluorescent screen
 Computer
Fig.1.Structure of Microscope with Lens
A Transmission Electron Microscope functions under the same basic principles as an optical
microscope. A Transmission Electron Microscope produces a high-resolution- HR, black and

3. K.Senthil kannan.et.al www.ijfstonline.org
July –Sep 2013 Volume 1 Issue 3 Page 134
white image from the interaction that takes place between prepared samples and energetic
electrons in the chamber. TEMs provide topographical, morphological, compositional and
crystalline information and data. Also TEMs are used to identify flaws, fractures and damages to
micro-sized objects; this data can help fix problems and/or help to make a more durable, efficient
product [3].
TEM METHOD FOR PANI
The TEM characterization methods of PANI with TAXOL in medium acidic nature is given in
Fig 2 and it shows no major defects and free from cracks and other lined outputs and
deformation.
Fig.2.TEM of PANI: mildly acidic conditions
CONCLUSION
TEM is used in the surface analysis to identify the presence of defects, cracks if any, it is clear
that the grown label material has no major defects [4, 5]. This vital technique reveals the
understanding surface morphology. PANI has no major defects and free from deforms and flaws.
TEM with strongly acidic proviso is also studied and given in other paper [6].

4. K.Senthil kannan.et.al www.ijfstonline.org
July –Sep 2013 Volume 1 Issue 3 Page 135
REFERENCES
1. Chiang J-C, MacDiarmid AG. 'Polyaniline': Protonic acid doping of the emeraldine form to
the metallic regime. Synth Met 1986,13:193−205.
2. Gospodinova NV, Terlemezyan L. Conducting polymers prepared by oxidative
polymerization: Polyaniline. Prog Polym Sci 1998; 23:1443–84.
3. Kang ET, Neoh KG, Tan KL. Polyaniline: A polymer with many interesting intrinsic redox
states. Prog Polym Sci 1998; 23:277−324.
4. Stejskal J, Gilbert RG. Polyaniline.Preparation of a conducting polymer (IUPAC technical
report). Pure Appl Chem 2002; 74:857–67.
5. Stejskal J, Kratochvíl P, Jenkins AD. The formation of polyaniline and the nature of its
structures.Polymer 1996; 37:367–9.
6. Senthil Kannan K et al International Journal of Frontiers in Science and Technology Vol I
Issue 9 Page 86 Jan – Mar 2013