pharmaceutical Dosage Form

1. Presented by :-
Md. Hamidul Kowsar
Dept. of Pharmacy
State University of Bangladesh
Aerosol Dosage form

2. Word Origin :
the Greek word “αήρ” (aeros) means Air and the English word
“sol”, of Latin origin, which means solution.
Definition :
 Pharmaceutical aerosols are pressurized dosage forms
containing one or more active ingredients
 intended for administration orally or nasally as fine solid
particles or liquid mists through the pulmonary airways, nasal
passages or oral cavity.
Example : nebulizers, DPIs
Aerosol Dosage form

3. Route of administration
 Topical :Lidocaine aerosol, Benzocaine aerosol spray (anesthetics )
 Oral :Ipratropium oral inhalation, Albuterol Oral Inhalation ( COPDs)
 Nasal : Budesonide Nasal Spray (allergies )
 Rectal : pramoxine aerosol foam
Aerosol Dosage form

4.  An aerosol formulation consists of the product
concentrate, the propellant, Container, Valve .
 The product concentrate is the active ingredient
such as antioxidants, surface-active agents,
solvents, and efficacious product
 A propellant is a chemical with a vapor pressure
greater than atmospheric pressure at 40°C
(105°F). Example : chlorofluorocarbons,
hydrocarbons,hydrofluorocarbons etc.
Aerosol Dosage form

5.  Solution system / Two phase system
 Water based system / Two components or Three
components system
 Suspension / Dispersion system
 Foam system / Emulsion system
 Aqueous stable foams
 Non-Aqueous stable foams
 Quick Breaking foams
 Thermal foams
 Intra nasal aerosols
 Compressed gas systems
Types of aerosol
system
Aerosol Dosage form

6.  Aerosols are easy and convenient to apply
 The onset of action is faster
 The dispersion of medicament is very good.
 It also can avoid the first pass metabolism.
 Metered valve can release the contents in controlled
and uniformly.
 Sterility can be for sterile product
 For Inhalation purpose a fine mist of the drug is
produced.
 Irritation can be reduced
Advantages
Aerosol Dosage form

7.  Aerosols are cost effective .
 Disposal empty aerosol containers are difficult.
 Due to volatility of the propellant can irritate the
injured skin.
 Aerosol packs must away from temperature and fire.
 Sometimes propellants may cause toxic reations.
Disadvantage
Aerosol Dosage form

8. Physical stability of aerosol dispersion can be
increased by :
 Control of moisture content. (<300ppm)
 Reduction of initial particle size to less than 5 um.
 Adjustment of density of propellant and suspensoid so
that they are equalized.
 Use of dispersing agent
 Use of derivatives of active ingredients with minimum
solubility in propellant system.

9.  Physical stability of a dispersed system depends on rate
of agglomeration of the suspensoid.
 Agglomeration is acceleration at elevated temp. and it is
also affected by particle size of drug (1-5u, never >50u).
 Isopropyl myristate and mineral oil are used to reduce
agglomeration .
 Surfactants of HLB value less than 10 are utilized for
aerosol dispersions
 Surfactants are effective in a concentration of 0.01 to 1
%.
Aerosol Dosage form

10. Thanks to
All