8. A digital gyroscope module connected to
an Arduino Uno board
A gyroscope in operation with
freedom in all three axes. The
rotor will maintain its spin axis
direction regardless of the
orientation of the outer frame.
gyroscope is a device for measuring
or maintaining orientation, based on
the principles of angular momentum
11. Microcontroller ATmega328
Operating Voltage 5V
Input Voltage (recommended) 7-12V
Input Voltage (limits) 6-20V
Digital I/O Pins 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output)
Analog Input Pins 6
DC Current per I/O Pin 40 mA
DC Current for 3.3V Pin 50 mA
Flash Memory
32 KB (ATmega328) of which 0.5 KB
used by bootloader
SRAM 2 KB (ATmega328)
EEPROM 1 KB (ATmega328)
Clock Speed 16 MHz
12. For a 16 MHz Arduino the ADC clock is set to 16 MHz/128
= 125 KHz. Each conversion in microcontroller takes 13
ADC clocks so 125 KHz /13 = 9615 Hz (9615 samples per
second ).
A 10-bit resolution means ADC can detect the 1024
individual level of the highest voltage signal it is designed
to sense, like in case of ARDUINO it may be 5V if you use
normal code and dont specify ADC reference or it can be
3.3V if you board is running at 3.3V. Then for 10-bit
resolution it will be able to sense 1024 different voltage
levels between 0 and 5 V, it will simple truncate any
voltage signal above and below this range.
The least voltage that will be successfully converted to
digital form will be:
A/D prescale factor is set to 128
31. For a 16 MHz Arduino the ADC clock is set to 16 MHz/128
= 125 KHz. Each conversion in microcontroller takes 13
ADC clocks so 125 KHz /13 = 9615 Hz.
A 10-bit resolution means ADC can detect the 1024
individual level of the highest voltage signal it is designed
to sense, like in case of ARDUINO it may be 5V if you use
normal code and dont specify ADC reference or it can be
3.3V if you board is running at 3.3V Then for 10-bit
resolution it will be able to sense 1024 different voltage
levels between 0 and 5 V, it will simple truncate any
voltage signal above and below this range.
The least voltage that will be successfully converted to
digital form will be:
5/1024=0.00488 V
A/D prescale factor is set to 128