“a science that deals with the production, control, transmission, reception, and effects of sound.”
it is the science of controlling sound within buildings.
The behavior of sound in enclosed spaces is an important matter particularly in homes. It explains how the sound we listen gets colored causing distortion.
Notes for Architecture 4th Year subject Services. The topic is about Acoustic, how does it work for different places, how we can treat spaces according to acoustic and for better acoustic
“a science that deals with the production, control, transmission, reception, and effects of sound.”
it is the science of controlling sound within buildings.
The behavior of sound in enclosed spaces is an important matter particularly in homes. It explains how the sound we listen gets colored causing distortion.
Notes for Architecture 4th Year subject Services. The topic is about Acoustic, how does it work for different places, how we can treat spaces according to acoustic and for better acoustic
An acoustic case study that covers a research of the project of "The Solaris and Leisure Centre, Estonia ", documenting through writings, sketches, acoustical information and photos. This would help to understand the various aspects of designing and constructing an auditorium keeping the acoustics in mind.
The property of surface by which sound energy (kinetic energy) is converted into other form of energy, generally heat energy (due to friction) and get absorbed.
There is no royal road for making a particular room acoustically good. It mainly depends on the ideas of the engineer or the Architect. Each case is to be studied separately and after proper thinking and calculations, suitable materials may be specified.
An acoustic case study that covers a research of the project of "The Solaris and Leisure Centre, Estonia ", documenting through writings, sketches, acoustical information and photos. This would help to understand the various aspects of designing and constructing an auditorium keeping the acoustics in mind.
The property of surface by which sound energy (kinetic energy) is converted into other form of energy, generally heat energy (due to friction) and get absorbed.
There is no royal road for making a particular room acoustically good. It mainly depends on the ideas of the engineer or the Architect. Each case is to be studied separately and after proper thinking and calculations, suitable materials may be specified.
This document represents the Final Year Project report for the “Cooling load Calculations of Hostel Building”, located in Narowal Campus of University of engineering & Technology Lahore. A well designed and adequate HVAC system is essential to maintaining the comfortable, productive and health living environment. The system is being designed to meet the minimum ASHRAE and building code standards. Narowal campus was inaugurated in 2012 and the campus building is under construction consisting of total area of 200 acres. The hostel building will host more than 450 students and is being built with total area of about 112,222 sq. feet. The building is to be built on concrete slab with masonry walls. The building comprises of three floors, named as Ground Floor, First Floor and Second Floor.
The baseline load calculations were manipulated for:
ü Outdoor/Indoor design conditions
ü Building Components
ü Ductwork conditions
ü Ventilation/Infiltration conditions
ü Worst Case Scenario (Combining All the safety Factors)
An auditorium is designed based on the function itself. For example: Dewan Agong Tuanku Canselor UiTM, that is a multi-purpose auditoria which indicates both functions; speech and also music purposes. It depends on the event that will be held in the auditorium. The design of the auditorium must comprises of both functions in order to have a good room acoustic. In addition, it must be work out for changes.
P1.5 Presentation.
Useful for revision for exams as it contains accurate information.
It includes:
- What are Waves
- Waves Definitions
- Energy Transfer
- Wave Speed
- Frequency & Time Period
- Light & Sound
- Reflection
- Refraction
- Diffraction
- Measuring Waves
- Oscilloscopes
- Ray Diagrams
- Using Light
- Red Shift
- The Big Bang Theory
This final presentation completes the whole of Physics (P1). This'll hopefully become part of a bigger collection of other science topics, soon to be uploaded.
Thank You. To all of you out there who may find my presentation helpful in any way, shape or form.I pleased to now be able to say the P1 Collection is now complete. Soon I'll be uploading other presentation on Physics, such as; P2 & P3 Hope you find these presentations useful and helpful for exams or just general revision. More presentation coming soon on this channel, JaskiratK.
See You Soon,
Jaskirat
Created By: JaskiratK
Uploaded By: JaskiratK
Information By: BBC Bitesize
Pictures/Images/Diagram: Google, BBC Bitesize
Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/JaskiratK
Prezi: https://prezi.com/user/mrnfvgaamzxe/
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
2. Sound can be described as a disturbance or
turbulence which passes through a physical
medium in the form of longitudinal waves
from a source to a receiver causing a
sensation of hearing.
This medium could be solid, fluid or gas.
The speed of sound through these different
media differs due to their molecular
composition.
3. Wavelength of sound – This the distance between two pressure peaks or
valleys, measured in metres (m) and represented with the Greek alphabet ‘l’
(lambda).
Period – This is the time taken for on complete oscillation. This is measured
in seconds(s) and represented with the letter ‘T’.
Frequency – This is the number of oscillations per second. This is
represented with ‘f’ and measured in Hertz (Hz).
Velocity of sound – This is the rate at which a sound wave travels from a
source through a medium to the receiver. The unit is m/s.
Amplitude – This is the distance between a crest (the highest point) and a
valley (the lowest point)
Pitch – it is the highness or lowness of a tone determined by the rapidity of
the oscillations producing it.
4. An enclosed space is a room or area bounded on every of
its sides. The materials for enclosure may be classified
into two:
Those that allow sound rays to pass through and
Those that do not allow sound rays to pass through.
On encountering barriers posed by the enclosure, sound
waves are likely to behave in the following ways:
◦ Reflection
◦ Absorption
◦ Refraction
◦ Diffusion
◦ Diffraction
◦ Transmission
5. This occurs when the wavelength of a sound wave is smaller
than the surface of an obstacle. In the case of an enclosed
space, the sound waves hit every side of the enclosure
continuously until the sound energy reduces to zero. The
amount of waves reflected depends on the smoothness, size,
and softness of the materials of enclosure. The angle of
incidence of sound rays is equal to that of the reflected rays
only if the surface of the reflector is flat. But when it is
curved, the angles are different.
6. When sound waves hit the surface of an obstacle,
some of its energy is reflected while some are lost
through its transfer to the molecules of the barrier.
The lost sound energy is said to have been
absorbed by the barrier. The thickness and nature
of the material as regards its softness and
hardness influences the amount of sound energy
absorbed.
7. This is the bending of sound when it travels from
one medium into another medium. The difference
in the composition of the two different media
bends the sound i.e. the angle of incidence
changes into an angle of refraction as it travels into
the new medium.
8. This is the scattering of waves from a surface. It
occurs as a result of the texture and hardness of
the obstacle is comparable to the wavelength of the
sound. The direction of the incident ray changes
when it strikes the surface of the obstacle.
Satisfaction is achieved when sound is heard in all
direction at equal level.
9. When the wavelength of a sound wave is
smaller or equal to the size of the obstacle,
the sound rays tend to bend round the edge
of the obstacle thereby turning the edge to a
sound source.
10. In this phenomenon, sound wave is carried by
molecules of the obstacle through vibration
and re-emitted at the other side irrespective
of the medium. It can be structure borne, air
borne or impact sound.
11. Reduction in its intensity of sound – This can results due to the
distance between its source and the receiver.
Absorption of direct sound by the audience – The listeners of the
sound absorb some of the sound in the process of hearing.
Absorption of direct and reflected sound by surfaces – The walls,
ceiling and floor of the enclosure absorbs and reflect sound waves
thereby controlling the way the sounds behave.
Reflection of sounds from right-angled corners - Sound incident to
a right-angled corner of room will be reflected back towards source
if surfaces are acoustically reflective. This can in turn produce
echoes especially in large spaces.
Dispersion of the sides of an enclosure - Reflections can be
controlled by making one surface dispersive i.e. not at right angle to
each. This would have affected the reflection of the sound thereby
affecting its behaviour.
12. Edge diffraction of sound - Edge diffraction results in the curvature
of part of a sound wave around the edge of a barrier. This causes
the obstacles to scatter the sound waves making it behave like a
source of sound.
Sound shadow - Any barrier interrupting a sound wave will create a
shadow, synonymous to light rays. However, because of edge
diffraction some sound will creep into this but such penetration is
frequency dependent - high frequencies are less diffracted than low
frequencies. Such problems can occur in auditorium with balconies.
Primary reflection – This depends on the angle of incidence which is
equal to the angle of reflection. Also, the nature of sound reflector is
important.
Panel resonance - Sound waves can propagate "through" a solid
material by panel vibration. The sound does not actually penetrate
the material but rather causes this to vibrate and act as a sound
source itself. The panel will be vibrated by both direct and reflected
sound waves.