1. The document provides an overview of Saudi Arabian geography, history, culture, and literature. It describes Saudi Arabia as primarily desert land between the Persian Gulf and Red Sea, with Arabic as the dominant language and Islam as the main religion.
2. The story of the Lady and Her Five Suitors is summarized, where a lady tricks five powerful men - the Kazi, Wali, Wazir, King, and carpenter - into her home and locks them in a cabinet in order to free her imprisoned lover.
3. Arabian literature is discussed, including the influential Quran and stories from One Thousand and One Nights. Poetry was an important early form of literature in Saudi Arabia. Pro
Hope that this can help you much in your studies and lessons :)
Let this be your guide to wonder around the beauty of Arabian Literature
C(r): Afro Asian Book and wikipedia.org
Hope that this can help you much in your studies and lessons :)
Let this be your guide to wonder around the beauty of Arabian Literature
C(r): Afro Asian Book and wikipedia.org
In the Kite Runner, Amir loves books. In some ways The Kite Runner is a celebration of classical arab and persian poets. This PowerPoint explores four of the poets.
Middle East Asian LITerature........................hakkhoop
Literature, a boundless realm of human expression, weaves tales that transcend time. Characters breathe, landscapes unfurl, emotions dance on pages. With each word, authors mold worlds, provoke thoughts, and ignite imaginations. In letters, ink whispers secrets, reveals truths, and mirrors the human condition. Through literature, we explore, dream, and find solace.
Nizami Ganjavi Azerbaijani Greatest PoetFidanQocayeva
Nizami Ganjavi, the greatest representative of the Eastern Renaissance, was born in 1141 in Ganja, one of the ancient cultural centres of Azerbaijan and the capital of the Azerbaijani Atabey's state. His birthplace is reflected in his name because Ganjavi means “from Ganja”.
Nizami Ganjavi combined philosophy and poetry with history and legend to create a literary legacy that resonates to this day. Nizami received an exemplary education that included science, mathematics, Islamic theology, history, philosophy, ethics, and Persian and Arabic literature. His education is often reflected in his poetry, which he began to write at the age of thirty.
Nizami is best known for his Khamsa, or “Quintet” (five poems) - Treasury of Mysteries” (1175), Khosrow and Shirin (1180), Leyli and Majnun (1188), Seven Beauties (1197) and Isgandarname consisting of two parts – “Iqbalname” and “Sharafname” (1203). Each of the five epics composing his Khamsa are written with a unique meter. They laid a strong foundation for the great Nizami school of literature which continues to exert its influence nowadays. His works, with their unique poetic innovations and universal themes, have transcended borders to influence the literature of distant lands.
Known as a poet, scholar, and philosopher, Nizami is recognized for using his poetry to examine the development of mankind in society. His romantic epic poems are full of passionate emotion and philosophical commentary on humanity.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
2. ARABIAN GEOGRAPHY:
- Between the Persian Gulf and Red Sea
- Has 13 provinces
- Composed primarily of desert
- Has a governor each region appointed by
the King
- Land square area of 1.96 million square
kilometers (756,981 square miles)
- One fourth the size of US
- The capital is Riyadh
Largest City:
Riyadh, Jeddah, Mecca, Medina, Al-Ahsa,
Ta'if, Dammam, Khamis, Mushait,
3. Brief history of Saudi Arabia
- Arabs originated on the descendants of tribes and
lived along the Persian Gulf coast
- Arab Peninsula is also the homeland of Islam
- Islam is the world's largest religion
- Muhammad founded Islam
- Two holy pilgrimage cities are Mecca and Medina
- Arabic is their language
- By 1517 the Ottoman empire dominated
- Qur'an is the sacred scripture of Islam
4. CULTURE & BELIEFS:
CLOTHING:
~ For women, full length body cover ; abayah,jilbob,
and veil ; hijab or chador (Sign of respect for
Muslim modesty laws)
~ For men, traditional flowing robes, blue jeans, t-
shirts and western business suits
FOOD:
Alcohol consumption – nightlife is forbidden and
under the law
Eating pork – considered unclean and prohibited.
5. FAMILY:
- Large extended families live together and
nepotism is encouraged, but it still depends if the
family members agree.
STORY TELLING:
- Another favourite form of artistic expression,
but in keeping with Islamic law, guidelines
govern public performances and artist can't make
“graven images.” Hand lettered Qur'an are
considered sacred art that's to be respected and
kept safe for generations.
HOLIDAYS:
Ramadan – Holiest season of the Muslims and
marks fasting
6. FOUR TYPES OF MUSLIMS:
1. SUNNI – 80%
2. SHITE – 10-16%
3. SUFIS
4. BAHA
7. THREE TYPES OF MUSLIMS
1. Secularists – Muslims who do not have a
knowledge of the contents of the Qur'an and
only know a verse or two to justify enjoying
their life such as “Wealth and children are the
adornment of the life of this world” (Surat Al-
Kahf 18:46)
2. Moderates – They know the Qur'an but seek
to make their faith relevant to modern life.
They try to reconcile the contradicting verses
in the Qur'an in such a way that Muslims may
8. 3. Fundamentalists – Those who want to apply
the more extreme verses of the Qur'an to the
letter. These verses came to Muhammad after
he was strong militarily and after he realized
that Christians and Jews were not becoming
followers of his new religion. Muhammad's
anger in the following Quranic verses , which
abrogate the nice verses in the Qur'an, is the
root of violence which saturates and captures
the minds of these fundamentalists Muslims:
~ The prophet Muhammad urges Muslims to
fight in the cause of Allah
~ The Qur'an commands Muslims not to
befriend Jews and Christians
9. ~ The Qur'an declares that Muslims who fight
and die in battle are promised forgiveness and
a sexual luxurious life in Paradise.
~ The Qur'an commands Muslims to terrorize
and torture and kill anyone who disobeys
Allah and the Prophet Muhammad
~ The Qur'an declares that Allah loves those
who fight in His cause
~ The Qur'an commands Muslims to convert
non Muslims to Islam by force
10. LITERATURE :
- A written Arabic literature began to be known with the
collect of Qur'an in 17th
century A.D
, the Arabian language soon became a major world
language.
- The Arabian possessed a highly developed poetry,
composed of recitation and transmitted from
generations.
- The most famous examples are the elaborated odes or
qasdahs of Mu'allagat, beginning with those of
Imru'Alqais
- These poems reflected and praised the customs and
values of the desert environment in which they arose.
- The earliest known literature emerged in northern
11. Historical Periods:
~ Ummayad Period ( A.D. 661-750)
- Arabic prose literature was limited primarily to
grammatical treatise, commentaries on the
Qur'an , and compiling of stories about Muhammad
and his companions.
Ummayad poets:
> Al-Akhtal
> Al- Farazdaq
> Dhu Rumma
> Jarir
POETIC FORMS:
- love lyrics (Ghazals), wine songs, hunting
12. ~ Abbasid Empire (750- 1258)
- The greatest period of development and
achievement
- Persian influences contributed significantly to
this development, translations from Persian ( Ibn
al-Muqaff') led a new refinement in Arabic prose
called Adab, often add with poetry and
utilizing rhyme prose ( saj') the style of Qur'an.
Greatest masters of Adab:
> Al jahiz
> Al Hariri
13. New poets:
> Abu Nuwas – used the Arabic language with
greater freedom and imagination.
> Al-Maarri and Al-Mtanabi- regarded as the
greatest among them
Outstanding authors:
> IBN ISHAQ – Author of Mohammad's life
> Rabja of Bastra and Sufi poetess
> ABU NUEVAS – The greatest Arab lyricist
14. ~ Modern Period
- During the centuries of Ottoman Turkish
domination Arabic literature fall into decline,
not until mid 19th
century it was revived by
intellectual movement known as Nahdah
(reawakening), originated in Syria and spread to
Egypt.
- Arabic writers of the past hundred years have
been extremely versatile, most of their works is
characterized by strong concern for social issues.
Outstanding recent Arabic novelists, dramatists
and essayists:
> Tawfig al-Hakim
15. The Qur'anThe Qur'an
- Sacred scripture of Islam
- The actual words of god revealed by
Muhammad
- Contains 114 chapters or suras and divided
into 6,236 verses or ayah
- Termed as the glorious and wonderful,
describes the absolute truth, healing mercy,
light and guidance of god to people's everyday
lives
- Has a great contribution to Arabian literature
- Revealed from god to Muhammad through the
16. Arabian Nights (One thousand and
One Nights)- A collection of Middle eastern and South Asian
stories and folktales compiled in Arabic, during
the Islamic Golden age.
- The common throughout the editions of the
Nights is the initial frame story of the ruler
Shahryar meaning “king” or “sovereign” and his
wife Scheherazade, meaning “noble lineage”
- Some editions contain only a few hundred nights,
while others include 1,001 or more.
- The bulk of the text is in prose, although the
verse is occasionally used for songs and riddles
and to express heightened emotion.
17. Synopsis:
The main frame story concerns Shahryar, whom the narrator
calls a “Sasanian King” ruling in India and China. He was shocked to
discover that his brother's wife is unfaithful; discovering his own
wife's infidelity has been even more flagrant, he has her executed,
but in his bitterness and grief decides that all women are the same.
Shahryar begins to marry a succession of virgins only to execute
each one the next morning, before she has a chance to dishonor
him. Eventually the vizier, whose duty is to provide them cannot find
any more virgins. Scheherazade, the vizier's daughter, offer herself
as the next bride and her father reluctantly agrees. On the night of
their marriage, Scheherazade begins to tell the King a tale, but does
not end it. The King was curious about how the story ends, is thus
forced to postpone her execution in order to hear the conclusion.
The next night, as soon as she finishes the tale, she begins a new
one, and the King is eager to hear the conclusion of this tale,
postpones her execution once again. So it goes on for 1,001 nights.
18. The Lady and Her Five Suitors
A lady's lover is put into jail. To get him out she invites all the
important people of state to her house. The kazi, Wali, Wazir and the King
are tricked into her home as they all desire her. She gets the Wali write a
release note for her lover. They are put into a cabinet because each time
they fear the next one to be lady's husband. The carpenter is locked up
because he has a dispute with the lady over the size of the cabinet. The
lady leaves the city with her lover. The five suitors are released by the
neighbours after urinating on each other.
The daughter of a merchant loves a man when her husband is away. One
day this man is cast into prison because of a quarrel he had. The woman
clads herself in the most beautiful clothes and goes to magistrate. She
brings a paper to testify against the imprisonment of her brother. The
magistrate immediately falls in love with her.
19. He will let him go if she comes to his house, but she invites the Wali
to hers, and he accepts. Then she goes to the Kazi telling of a Wali
who as imprisoned her brother. The Kazi falls inl ove with her and
promises her to let her brother go. She also invites him to her house.
Then she goes to the Wazir, asking for the release of her brother.
The Wazir wants to have his will on her and he is also invited to her
home. Finally she goes to the King of the city. After telling her story,
he is pierces with the arrows of love. He invites her to his palace, but
she says he would do much more honour entering her home. The
lady goes to a carpenter to ask him to make a cabinet with a five
compartments, each with s door for locking up. Next, she lets four
gowns be dyed and prepares some food and drinks for her suitors.
The Kazi comes first to her house and he put on one of the gowns.
After a while there is a tapping on the door and the lady says it is her
husband and takes the Kazi to the lowest compartment to hide him.
When she opens the door there is the Wali.
20. She asks him to write a letter to free her brother. He is asked to put
him on the second gown. Then there is another tapping on the door
and again she says it is her husband. The Wali is put into the second
compartment. When she opens the door it is the Wazir, they play a
little bit with each other and he is given the third gown. Then there is
another knock on the door. She puts the Wazir in the third
compartment and opens the door. The King has arrived and after
some talk desires her. His rich robes are exchanged for the fourth
gown. But another knocking is at the door. She again says it is her
husband and locks the King up in the fourth compartment. The
carpenter enters the house. She tells him the top compartment is too
small. The carpenter disagrees and to prove himself, he goes into the
fifth compartment, upon which she closes it. Then the lady goes to
the treasurer with the letter that the Wali wrote to release her lover.
Then, they both leave the city.
21. Meanwhile, the five men in the cabinet stayed for three days
without food and drink. They cannot hold their water so they
urinate over each other. When they complain they know who
the others are in the cabinet, except for the King, because he
remains silent. Then the neighbours break into the house to
see what is going on in the house. When they see the cabinet
with the voices coming out they fear there is a Jinni inside it
and want to set the thing on fire. But the Kazi screams not to.
They were released and shown in the attires the lady prepared
for them.