Poster prepared by Workneh Dubale, Mohammed Ebrahim, Addisu Asfaw, Temesgen Alene, Abiye Astatke, Amerga Menji, Kindu Mekonnen and Peter Thorne (ILRI) for the Africa RISING Ethiopian Highlands Project Review and Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 21–22 May 2019
Eliciting willingness to pay for quality maize and beans: Evidence from exper...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Julius Manda, Adane Tufa, Christopher Mutungi, Arega Alene, Victor Manyong and Tahirou Abdoulaye for the IITA Social Science Group Virtual Meeting, 7 December 2021.
Intensification of smallholder livestock production through utilization of cr...ILRI
Poster prepared by Ben Lukuyu, Gregory Sikumba, Job Kihara and Mateete Bekunda for the Tropentag 2016 Conference on Solidarity in a Competing World—Fair Use of Resources, Vienna, Austria, 19–21 September 2016
Characterization of local chicken production and management systems in Babati...ILRI
Poster prepared by L J Marwa, B Lukuyu, S H Mbaga, S K Mutayoba and M Bekunda for the Tropentag 2016 Conference on Solidarity in a Competing World—Fair Use of Resources, Vienna, Austria, 19–21 September 2016
Zingore - 4R Nutrient Stewardship in the context of smallholder agriculture i...CIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Pypers/Blomme - CIALCA interventions for productivity increase of cropping sy...CIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Innovative approach on common bean based technology generation and promotion ...Tropical Legumes III
Higher production of Common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L), is constrained with several biotic and abiotic factors and the common bean research program in Ethiopia aims at contributing to the improvement of the livelihoods of smallholder farmers through generation and promotion of improved varieties which are demand driven, climate-smart, and tolerant to biotic and abiotic constraint.
Eliciting willingness to pay for quality maize and beans: Evidence from exper...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Julius Manda, Adane Tufa, Christopher Mutungi, Arega Alene, Victor Manyong and Tahirou Abdoulaye for the IITA Social Science Group Virtual Meeting, 7 December 2021.
Intensification of smallholder livestock production through utilization of cr...ILRI
Poster prepared by Ben Lukuyu, Gregory Sikumba, Job Kihara and Mateete Bekunda for the Tropentag 2016 Conference on Solidarity in a Competing World—Fair Use of Resources, Vienna, Austria, 19–21 September 2016
Characterization of local chicken production and management systems in Babati...ILRI
Poster prepared by L J Marwa, B Lukuyu, S H Mbaga, S K Mutayoba and M Bekunda for the Tropentag 2016 Conference on Solidarity in a Competing World—Fair Use of Resources, Vienna, Austria, 19–21 September 2016
Zingore - 4R Nutrient Stewardship in the context of smallholder agriculture i...CIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Pypers/Blomme - CIALCA interventions for productivity increase of cropping sy...CIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Innovative approach on common bean based technology generation and promotion ...Tropical Legumes III
Higher production of Common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L), is constrained with several biotic and abiotic factors and the common bean research program in Ethiopia aims at contributing to the improvement of the livelihoods of smallholder farmers through generation and promotion of improved varieties which are demand driven, climate-smart, and tolerant to biotic and abiotic constraint.
Lynam - Translating system research into farmer adoptionCIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
This webinar from the CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM) was held by Eduardo Nakasone (International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)/Michigan State University) on May 8, 2018. The presentation also includes results of the application of the new method in the value chains of maize and beans (in Guatemala and Honduras), teff (in Ethiopia), wheat (in China), and potatoes (in Ecuador and Peru). We also discussed ongoing work to assess interventions to reduce loss. Full recording and more information available at http://bit.ly/FoodLossWebinar
Assessment of common bean genotypes for farmers’ preferencesTropical Legumes III
Commonbean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plays a principal role in the livelihoods of smallholder farmers in Tanzania. It is estimated that over 75% of rural households in Tanzania depend on beans for daily subsistence. In order to ensure preferences and acceptance of developed bean varieties, farmers are involved in variety selection procedures through participatory research approach. Involvement of farmers confirms awareness, acceptance, adoption and spatial diffusion of the developed bean varieties.
Jefwa - Do commercial biological and chemical products increase crop yields a...CIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Presented at The Independent Science and Partnership Council’s (ISPC) Science Forum 2016, 12 – 14 April, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. This presentation concentrates on the linkages between research on staple crops and poverty outcomes.
Feedback on this presentation can be viewed here:
http://www.slideshare.net/rtbcgiar/linkages-between-staple-crops-research-and-poverty-outcomes-ispc-science-forum-2016
Read more about the Forum and issues presented: http://bit.ly/1XzoBYJ
Findings from a survey in western kenya to determine the soil fertility reple...Innspub Net
A survey on adoption levels of the existing soil nitrogen replenishing technologies amongst farmers in three counties in western Kenya was carried out in June 2011. Three farmer associations were Angurai Farmers Development Project (AFDEP), Bungoma Small-Scale Farmers Forum (BUSSFFO) and Mwangaza Farmer Group (MFAGRO). During the survey 223 farmers were interviewed with roughly a half of the households surveyed being members of farmer associations (FAs) and the other half being non-members, who acted as the control. Stratified random sampling technique was used. A repeated measures Analysis of Variance (RM – ANOVA) showed that various soil nitrogen replenishment technologies were adopted to various degrees, F (4.39, 855.43) =23.36, p<.001). The findings of this study indicated that the available technologies most extensively used in the study area were the use of inorganic fertilisers (DAP), planting of improved legumes processing, Lab lab, Push Pull, and Super 2 Package. In second place, were technologies such as seed inoculation, foliar feed use, top dressing fertiliser (CAN) and use of improved legumes. The least used technologies were found to be Ua Kayongo (IR seed), MBILI intercropping, fortified compost, and use of Farm yard manure and liming. The results also indicated that generally, adoption of technologies was higher amongst farmer association members compared with non-members regardless of the county. Bungoma County had significantly highest level of technology adoption level compared to both Busia and Vihiga. Adoption of soil technologies was also found to be positively correlated with farmers’ educational level but inversely related with their age.
Diversification of wheat based cropping system through the introduction of hi...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Yetsedaw Aynewa, Temesgen Alene, Addisu Asfaw, Mohammed Ibrahim, Workneh Dubale, Zewdie Bishaw and Seid Ahmed for the Africa RISING Ethiopian Highlands Project Review and Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 21–22 May 2019
Africa RISING in Ethiopia organized a farmer’s field day event on 24 December 2020, in Bale, Oromia Region. The field day aimed to create awareness, measure the progress and get feedback on the ongoing food and forage crops technologies. Animal feed seed multiplication on farmers training centers as well as wheat clustered seed multiplication on seed producer's cooperative were included on the visit.
Buruchara - Integrated Agricultural Research for Development (IAR4D): An Appr...CIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important widely grown food crops worldwide. In Zambia, it is an important cereal crop, second after maize. However, its production amongst the small-scale farmers has declined over the years. To determine the causes of this decline, a participatory rural appraisal was conducted in Mpika district in Zambia as a case study to assess farmers’ perceived constraints and preferences of rain-fed wheat varieties. Focus group discussions, semi-structured questionnaires, scoring and ranking were used. The results showed that wheat is produced both for food and income generation. The average wheat fields were 0.48 ha, with yields averaging 1.5 t ha -1. The major production constraints are lack of improved seed, bird damage, termites, lack of markets and diseases with spot blotch being the most important. Farmers preferred a white coloured grain cultivar, high yielding, resistant to diseases, termite attack and bird damage.
Falck Zepeda et al ICABR presentation on the insect resistant and herbicide t...Jose Falck Zepeda
This study analyzes the socio-economic considerations of genetically modified (GM) maize adoption in Honduras and their relation to farmer’s characteristics influencing their decision making process durign crop year 2013. This presentation highlights the preliminary result from a joint University of California- Davis, IFPRI and Zamorano University study in Honduras. This is the second round of surveys conducted by IFPRI and Zamorano University in the country. GM maize has a great potential of reducing pest or weed damage and thus produce higher yields compared to the conventional counterpart. Damage reduction can lead to an increase in farmer’s income, if managed appropriately. During the last decade the adoption of GM maize in Honduras has increased steadily from 2,000 ha in 2002 to more than 36,000 ha in 2012 (Cerritos, personal communication 2014). In the case of Honduras, GM maize may contain protection for specific target insects through the introduction of the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) gene into the genetic material of the plant. A second trait is the introduction of herbicide tolerance (HT) to withstand the herbicide glyphosate which allows its application. Herbicide tolerance enables weed control without causing crop damage. These two traits may be available individually or together incorporated into the maize germplasm.
Development of Coffee Agribusiness toward Community Income in Siborongborong ...AI Publications
Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) is one of the priority commodities to be developed, because farming provides high profits, so it can be used as a source of income for farmers. This research was conducted in Siborongborong District, North Tapanuli Regency. The number of villages in Siborongborong District are 20 villages and 1 City. The number of farmer groups in Siborongborong District are 319 Farmer Groups. Based on the results of the research in Siborongborong, the following conclusions can be derived : Potential variables of land, harvest and post-harvest, overall marketing has a significant effect on the income of farmers, while planting and maintenance do not significantly affect the income of farmers in Siborongborong. Sumatera Specialty Coffees Company does not affect the income farmers in Siborong Borong because farmers sell their coffee more to the broker.
Participatory Varietal Selection (PVS) and Scaling of Enset landracesafrica-rising
Poster prepared by Zerihun Yemataw, Tesfaye Dejene, Alemar Seid, Sadik Muzemil, Workneh Dubale and Kindu Mekonnen for the Africa RISING Ethiopian Highlands Project Review and Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 21–22 May 2019
Feed and forage development and scaling in the Ethiopian highlands africa-rising
Poster prepared by Aberra Adie, Melkamu Bezabih, Kindu Mekonnen and Peter Thorne for the Africa RISING Ethiopian Highlands Project Review and Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 21–22 May 2019
Lynam - Translating system research into farmer adoptionCIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
This webinar from the CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM) was held by Eduardo Nakasone (International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)/Michigan State University) on May 8, 2018. The presentation also includes results of the application of the new method in the value chains of maize and beans (in Guatemala and Honduras), teff (in Ethiopia), wheat (in China), and potatoes (in Ecuador and Peru). We also discussed ongoing work to assess interventions to reduce loss. Full recording and more information available at http://bit.ly/FoodLossWebinar
Assessment of common bean genotypes for farmers’ preferencesTropical Legumes III
Commonbean (Phaseolus vulgaris) plays a principal role in the livelihoods of smallholder farmers in Tanzania. It is estimated that over 75% of rural households in Tanzania depend on beans for daily subsistence. In order to ensure preferences and acceptance of developed bean varieties, farmers are involved in variety selection procedures through participatory research approach. Involvement of farmers confirms awareness, acceptance, adoption and spatial diffusion of the developed bean varieties.
Jefwa - Do commercial biological and chemical products increase crop yields a...CIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Presented at The Independent Science and Partnership Council’s (ISPC) Science Forum 2016, 12 – 14 April, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. This presentation concentrates on the linkages between research on staple crops and poverty outcomes.
Feedback on this presentation can be viewed here:
http://www.slideshare.net/rtbcgiar/linkages-between-staple-crops-research-and-poverty-outcomes-ispc-science-forum-2016
Read more about the Forum and issues presented: http://bit.ly/1XzoBYJ
Findings from a survey in western kenya to determine the soil fertility reple...Innspub Net
A survey on adoption levels of the existing soil nitrogen replenishing technologies amongst farmers in three counties in western Kenya was carried out in June 2011. Three farmer associations were Angurai Farmers Development Project (AFDEP), Bungoma Small-Scale Farmers Forum (BUSSFFO) and Mwangaza Farmer Group (MFAGRO). During the survey 223 farmers were interviewed with roughly a half of the households surveyed being members of farmer associations (FAs) and the other half being non-members, who acted as the control. Stratified random sampling technique was used. A repeated measures Analysis of Variance (RM – ANOVA) showed that various soil nitrogen replenishment technologies were adopted to various degrees, F (4.39, 855.43) =23.36, p<.001). The findings of this study indicated that the available technologies most extensively used in the study area were the use of inorganic fertilisers (DAP), planting of improved legumes processing, Lab lab, Push Pull, and Super 2 Package. In second place, were technologies such as seed inoculation, foliar feed use, top dressing fertiliser (CAN) and use of improved legumes. The least used technologies were found to be Ua Kayongo (IR seed), MBILI intercropping, fortified compost, and use of Farm yard manure and liming. The results also indicated that generally, adoption of technologies was higher amongst farmer association members compared with non-members regardless of the county. Bungoma County had significantly highest level of technology adoption level compared to both Busia and Vihiga. Adoption of soil technologies was also found to be positively correlated with farmers’ educational level but inversely related with their age.
Diversification of wheat based cropping system through the introduction of hi...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Yetsedaw Aynewa, Temesgen Alene, Addisu Asfaw, Mohammed Ibrahim, Workneh Dubale, Zewdie Bishaw and Seid Ahmed for the Africa RISING Ethiopian Highlands Project Review and Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 21–22 May 2019
Africa RISING in Ethiopia organized a farmer’s field day event on 24 December 2020, in Bale, Oromia Region. The field day aimed to create awareness, measure the progress and get feedback on the ongoing food and forage crops technologies. Animal feed seed multiplication on farmers training centers as well as wheat clustered seed multiplication on seed producer's cooperative were included on the visit.
Buruchara - Integrated Agricultural Research for Development (IAR4D): An Appr...CIALCA
Presentation delivered at the CIALCA international conference 'Challenges and Opportunities to the agricultural intensification of the humid highland systems of sub-Saharan Africa'. Kigali, Rwanda, October 24-27 2011.
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important widely grown food crops worldwide. In Zambia, it is an important cereal crop, second after maize. However, its production amongst the small-scale farmers has declined over the years. To determine the causes of this decline, a participatory rural appraisal was conducted in Mpika district in Zambia as a case study to assess farmers’ perceived constraints and preferences of rain-fed wheat varieties. Focus group discussions, semi-structured questionnaires, scoring and ranking were used. The results showed that wheat is produced both for food and income generation. The average wheat fields were 0.48 ha, with yields averaging 1.5 t ha -1. The major production constraints are lack of improved seed, bird damage, termites, lack of markets and diseases with spot blotch being the most important. Farmers preferred a white coloured grain cultivar, high yielding, resistant to diseases, termite attack and bird damage.
Falck Zepeda et al ICABR presentation on the insect resistant and herbicide t...Jose Falck Zepeda
This study analyzes the socio-economic considerations of genetically modified (GM) maize adoption in Honduras and their relation to farmer’s characteristics influencing their decision making process durign crop year 2013. This presentation highlights the preliminary result from a joint University of California- Davis, IFPRI and Zamorano University study in Honduras. This is the second round of surveys conducted by IFPRI and Zamorano University in the country. GM maize has a great potential of reducing pest or weed damage and thus produce higher yields compared to the conventional counterpart. Damage reduction can lead to an increase in farmer’s income, if managed appropriately. During the last decade the adoption of GM maize in Honduras has increased steadily from 2,000 ha in 2002 to more than 36,000 ha in 2012 (Cerritos, personal communication 2014). In the case of Honduras, GM maize may contain protection for specific target insects through the introduction of the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) gene into the genetic material of the plant. A second trait is the introduction of herbicide tolerance (HT) to withstand the herbicide glyphosate which allows its application. Herbicide tolerance enables weed control without causing crop damage. These two traits may be available individually or together incorporated into the maize germplasm.
Development of Coffee Agribusiness toward Community Income in Siborongborong ...AI Publications
Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) is one of the priority commodities to be developed, because farming provides high profits, so it can be used as a source of income for farmers. This research was conducted in Siborongborong District, North Tapanuli Regency. The number of villages in Siborongborong District are 20 villages and 1 City. The number of farmer groups in Siborongborong District are 319 Farmer Groups. Based on the results of the research in Siborongborong, the following conclusions can be derived : Potential variables of land, harvest and post-harvest, overall marketing has a significant effect on the income of farmers, while planting and maintenance do not significantly affect the income of farmers in Siborongborong. Sumatera Specialty Coffees Company does not affect the income farmers in Siborong Borong because farmers sell their coffee more to the broker.
Participatory Varietal Selection (PVS) and Scaling of Enset landracesafrica-rising
Poster prepared by Zerihun Yemataw, Tesfaye Dejene, Alemar Seid, Sadik Muzemil, Workneh Dubale and Kindu Mekonnen for the Africa RISING Ethiopian Highlands Project Review and Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 21–22 May 2019
Feed and forage development and scaling in the Ethiopian highlands africa-rising
Poster prepared by Aberra Adie, Melkamu Bezabih, Kindu Mekonnen and Peter Thorne for the Africa RISING Ethiopian Highlands Project Review and Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 21–22 May 2019
Diversification of wheat based cropping system through the introduction of hi...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Yetsedaw Aynewa, Temesgen Alene, Addisu Asfaw, Mohammed Ibrahim, Workneh Dubale, Zewdie Bishaw and Seid Ahmed for the Africa RISING Ethiopian Highlands Project Review and Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 21–22 May 2019
Intensifying with high value trees in Africa RISING Ethiopia for food and nut...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Aster Gebrekirstos and Hadia Seid (ICRAF) for the Africa RISING Ethiopia Review and Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 29-30 November 2016
Enhancing food and nutritional security through introducing high value fruit ...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Aster Gebrekirstos, Hadia Seid, Abayneh Melke, Aklilu Negussie, Abiye Astatke, Kiros Hadgu, Kindu Mekonnen and Fitsum Hagos for the Africa RISING Ethiopia Review and Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 29-30 November 2016
On farm demonstration and evaluation of sweet potato varietiesUrgessa Tilahun
Sweet potatoes are an important traditional food crop in Ethiopia, valued by farmers for their versatility, high
caloric content, and taste. An improved, disease resistant and high yielding variety of sweet potato is very
important to improve farmers’ productivities and income. Objective of this study was to demonstrate the already
verified and improved varieties of sweet potatoes on selected districts of West and Kellem Wollega Zones. The
demonstration and on farm evaluation result of thisstudy revealed that the Balo variety was best by comparing it
with the local one. The average yield of Balo variety is 46.81 kg per 100m
2
plots of land and 24 kg per 100m
2
plots of land for local variety. The mean value of Balo variety at local market is 140.43 birr per 100m
2
plots of
land, which is preferable to local type. The net benefit per hectare for Balo variety, 39,613 birr perhectare, is
larger than that of local variety, 21,945 birr per hectare. The mean weight of marketable tuber per plot is 0.9875
kg for Balo variety which is larger than that of local variety, 0.324 kg. Farmers’ have got training through
Farmer Research Group (FRG) approach, in which theyhave practically seen and tested two varieties through by applying full extension packages.
Postharvest Loss Reduction & Mycotoxins programs in USAID’s Feed the Future I...Francois Stepman
Ahmed Kablan, Ph.D.
International Nutrition & Public Health Adviser
USAID /Bureau For Food Security/Office of Agriculture Research and Policy
USDA/ARS/Office of International Research Program
Crop varieties research and implications on closing yield gaps and diversifyi...africa-rising
Presented by Kalpana Sharma, Frédéric Baudron, Yetsedaw Aynewa, Seid Ahmed Kemal, Asheber Kifle, Meresiet Hailu and Shawkat Begum at the Workshop and Exhibition on Promoting Productivity and Market Access Technologies and Approaches to Improve Farm Income and Livelihoods in Ethiopia: Lessons from Action Research Projects, ILRI, Addis Ababa, 8-9 December 2016
Reducing yield gap in vegetables in Tanzaniaafrica-rising
Poster prepared by Philipo Joseph Lukumay, Victor Afari-Sefa, Justus Ochieng and Inviolate Dominick, Danny Coyne for the Africa RISING Science for Impact Workshop, Dar es Salaam, 17-19 January 2017
Africa RISING in the Ethiopian Highlands: An overviewafrica-rising
Presented by Kindu Mekonnen, Peter Thorne, Melkamu Bezabih and Aberra Adie at the ESAP (Ethiopian Society Animal Production) Annual Conference, EIAR, Addis Ababa, 29-31 August 2019
Facilitate improving availability of quality planting material to intensify h...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Aster Gebrekirstos and Hadia Seid (ICRAF) for the Africa RISING Ethiopia Review and Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, 29-30 November 2016
Presented by Irmgard Hoeschle-Zeledon (IITA) and Peter Thorne (ILRI) at the Africa RISING–SIMLESA Joint Learning Event, Arusha, Tanzania, 13–15 March 2018
Approaches and interventions to make SI function in the Ethiopian Highlands: ...africa-rising
Presented by Kindu Mekonnen and Peter Thorne (ILRI) at the Echo East Africa Symposium on Best Practices in Improved Nutrition and Sustainable Agriculture in Highland Areas, Rwanda, 26-28 November 2019
Africa RISING project implementation and contribution in Ethiopia. Presented at Africa RISING close-out event.
24-25 January 2023
ILRI campus- Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Technique de compostage des tiges de cotonnier au Mali-Sudafrica-rising
Poster prepared by Moumini Guindo, Bouba Traoré, Birhanu Zemadim Birhanu, and Alou Coulibaly for the 13th Symposium of the Malian Society of Applied Sciences (MSAS), 01 July – 05 August 2022.
Flux des nutriments (N, P, K) des resources organiques dans les exploitations...africa-rising
Poster prepared by Moumini Guindo, Bouba Traoré, Birhanu Zemadim Birhanu, and Alou Coulibaly for the 13th Symposium of the Malian Society of Applied Sciences (MSAS), 01 July 1 – 05 August 2022.
The woman has no right to sell livestock: The role of gender norms in Norther...africa-rising
Presented by Kipo Jimah and Gundula Fischer (IITA) at the virtual conference on Cultivating Equality: Advancing Gender Research in Agriculture and Food Systems, 12-15 October 2021
Contribution of Africa RISING validated technologies, nutrition-education interventions to household nutrition and participatory nutrition-education need assessment with seasonal food availability in Amhara, Oromia and SNNP regions of Ethiopia
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
Deep Behavioral Phenotyping in Systems Neuroscience for Functional Atlasing a...Ana Luísa Pinho
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) provides means to characterize brain activations in response to behavior. However, cognitive neuroscience has been limited to group-level effects referring to the performance of specific tasks. To obtain the functional profile of elementary cognitive mechanisms, the combination of brain responses to many tasks is required. Yet, to date, both structural atlases and parcellation-based activations do not fully account for cognitive function and still present several limitations. Further, they do not adapt overall to individual characteristics. In this talk, I will give an account of deep-behavioral phenotyping strategies, namely data-driven methods in large task-fMRI datasets, to optimize functional brain-data collection and improve inference of effects-of-interest related to mental processes. Key to this approach is the employment of fast multi-functional paradigms rich on features that can be well parametrized and, consequently, facilitate the creation of psycho-physiological constructs to be modelled with imaging data. Particular emphasis will be given to music stimuli when studying high-order cognitive mechanisms, due to their ecological nature and quality to enable complex behavior compounded by discrete entities. I will also discuss how deep-behavioral phenotyping and individualized models applied to neuroimaging data can better account for the subject-specific organization of domain-general cognitive systems in the human brain. Finally, the accumulation of functional brain signatures brings the possibility to clarify relationships among tasks and create a univocal link between brain systems and mental functions through: (1) the development of ontologies proposing an organization of cognitive processes; and (2) brain-network taxonomies describing functional specialization. To this end, tools to improve commensurability in cognitive science are necessary, such as public repositories, ontology-based platforms and automated meta-analysis tools. I will thus discuss some brain-atlasing resources currently under development, and their applicability in cognitive as well as clinical neuroscience.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
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High value fruit trees production and scaling in the Ethiopian highlands
1. High value fruit trees production and scaling in the Ethiopian highlands
Workneh Dubale1, Mohammed Ebrahim1, Addisu Asfaw1, Temesgen Alene1, Abiye Astatke2, Amerga Menji3, Kindu Mekonnen1 and Peter Thorne1
1International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Ethiopia
2Faji temperate fruits and related products development, Debre Birhan, Amhara region
3Butajira fruit nursery and training center, Butajira, SNNPR
Introduction
High value fruit trees (HVFTs) are useful to improve nutrition and
diversify incomes of smallholder farmers in the Ethiopian
highlands. They have also potential role to moderate the effects of
climate change. The Ethiopian highlands have conduce
environment to grow HVFTs. However, lack of knowledge, poor
matching of species to the growing niches and shortage of
improved seedlings are hampering their expansions. Hence, it is
time to give more attention and facilitate HVFTs production and
scaling in the Ethiopian highlands.
Results/Achievements
Method/Approaches
Introduction and validation of 5 varieties (Hass, red 30, Nabal,
Ettinger and Fuerte) of Avocado (Percia america) and Apple
(Malus domestica Borkh) in Africa RISING sites.
Capacity building (training and visits)
Facilitate scaling of HVFTs and beneficiary tracking
The avocado varieties in Lemo and apple varieties in Sinana
and Endamehoni Africa RISING sites survived well and set
fruits. Survival rates for avocado varieties is 90 to 100% and
for apple 75 to 96%.
Africa RISING facilitated scaling of HVFTs and benefited 2657
hhs (Table 1).
A total of 294 beneficiaries received training on HVFTs in
SNNPR, Amhara and Tigray regions.
Fruit yield per avocado tree ranges from 25 to 150 kg. Yield
increases as age of the trees increases over time.
The rank of the avocado varieties based on test, shelf life and
oil content: Hass > Ettinger > Fuerte > red 30 > Nabal (source:
Butajira training and horticulture center, 2019).
Facilitate establishment of kebele, village and private
based nurseries for HVFTs
Organize training on grafting and management of
HVFTs
Quick assessment on the status of the HVFTs and
community needs
Work more on yield and quality of HVFTs fruits
Facilitate scaling of the Africa RISING validated
HVFTs
Plan for 2019
• Diseases and pests
• Shortages of grafted seedlings
• Lack of knowledge on the management of HVFTs
The Africa Research In Sustainable Intensification for the Next Generation (Africa RISING) program comprises three research-for-
development projects supported by the United States Agency for International Development as part of the U.S. government’s Feed the
Future initiative.
Through action research and development partnerships, Africa RISING will create opportunities for smallholder farm households to move out
of hunger and poverty through sustainably intensified farming systems that improve food, nutrition, and income security, particularly for
women and children, and conserve or enhance the natural resource base.
The three projects are led by the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (in West Africa and East and Southern Africa) and the
International Livestock Research Institute (in the Ethiopian Highlands). The International Food Policy Research Institute leads an
associated project on monitoring, evaluation and impact assessment.
www.africa-rising.net
Key challenges and lessons
We thank farmers, Faji integrated farm in Debre Birhan, Butajira HVFTs nursery, local partners in Africa RISING sites and ICRAF
for their contributions to this research. We also thank USAID for its financial support through the Feed the Future Initiative.
Acknowledgement
Photos 1. Improved apple (top) and avocado (bottom)
varieties introduced in Africa RISING sites of the
Ethiopian highlands.
Table 1. High value fruit trees scaled in Amhara and SNNPR through
Africa RISING facilitation.
Type of
HVFTs
Region/ Africa RISING
site
Male
HHs
Female
HHs
Total
HHs
Number
of grafted
seedlings
Avocado SNNPR (Hadiya) 909 115 1024 5733
Apple Amhara (North Shewa) 1453 180 1633 36027