IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
The document discusses vibration control systems for structures and summarizes a presentation on the Yokohama Land Mark Tower in Japan. It describes how the tower implements a hybrid mass damper (HMD) system to control vibrations from earthquakes and wind. The HMD combines a tuned mass damper with an active control actuator. Two 170-ton HMD units were installed in the tower and automatically switch between active and passive modes to reduce vibrations by up to 50%. The hybrid system allows for increased efficiency and robustness compared to a purely passive or active vibration control system.
VIBRATION CONTROL OF CIVIL STRUCTUTRES USING PIEZOCERAMIC SMART MATERIALS
The document discusses using piezoceramic smart materials to control vibrations in civil structures. It provides background on structural vibrations and introduces piezoceramic materials as effective and economical actuators and sensors for vibration control. Various experiments are discussed applying piezoceramics to control vibrations in different civil structure types like beams, trusses, frames, bridges. While piezoceramics have limitations like small displacements, the benefits for vibration control are significant and more development is expected to further enable their use in civil engineering applications.
This project is to cover the graduation requirements for high Diploma of Higher College Of Technology. The research was on the earthquakes and it effects on the building. After that , designing system that help us to control the effect of earthquakes. This system has structure components that should be under consideration. Also, installing the Tuned Mass Dumper TMD in the structure and superstructure of building. This consisting of mass, spring and viscous dumper. The viscous dumper will absorb the energy of the vibration due to earthquakes. Part of calculations, it’s important to study the Flexibility influence coefficient. It focuses on the behavior in terms of stiffness and flexibility. Another important subject is mass stiffness and matrices. This provides the simplest representation of a building for the purposes of investigating lateral dynamic responses.
Jarret Structures produces anti-seismic devices that use fluid viscosity technology to provide both spring and damping functions. Their devices include Fluid Viscous Dampers (FVD), Shock Transmission Units (STU), and Preload Spring Dampers (PSD). FVDs and STUs dissipate seismic energy through the use of silicon fluid flowing through an orifice, with FVDs working in tension and compression and STUs providing a stiff connection during earthquakes. Jarret can customize the size, stroke, and force of their dampers to suit different structural applications.
IRJET- Design of Optimum Parameters of Tuned Mass Damper for a G+8 Story Resi...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a parametric study to optimize tuned mass dampers (TMDs) for vibration control of an 8-story residential building. The building is modeled and analyzed using time history analysis in ETABS software. Natural frequencies and mode shapes are calculated. TMD design steps include calculating floor masses, fundamental natural period, lateral stiffness, and eigen values/vectors. Mass, stiffness and damping ratios are parameters considered to observe TMD effectiveness in reducing structural response. An example illustrates the TMD design procedure. Comparative studies are done for different mass ratios to control the fundamental mode of vibration.
Seismic performance of structure with fixed base, base isolated structure and...eSAT Journals
Abstract Earthquakes can create serious damage to structures. The structures already built are vulnerable to future earthquakes. The damage to structures causes deaths, injuries, economic loss, and loss of functions. Damage to the structure causes due to ground acceleration. This can be minimizing by increasing strength of the structure. Sometimes it is not possible to increase the strength of the structure indefinitely. So it should be tried to increase the capacity of structure using seismic improvement techniques. In this study, there are three different types of G+10 structures with fixed base, structure with viscous damper and structure with high damping rubber bearing are considered. These structures are modeled using finite element software SAP2000v16. These structures have same plan area and are assumed to be situated in seismic zone IV and having medium soil condition. The analysis of these structures is done by performance based pushover analysis method and response spectrum method. The pushover analysis method is used to find out the performance point and capacity of structure. High damping rubber bearing isolators (HDRB) and viscous damper (VD) are use for seismic improvement of RC structure. The procedure of analysis adopted for fixed base structure is same repeated for structure with viscous damper (VD) and base isolated (HDRB) structure. So it will help in comparative parametric study. The results of analysis are compared in terms of storey displacements, modal time period, storey acceleration, performance point, storey drift. The comparative study shows that storey displacement, storey acceleration, storey drift is reduced substantially for structure with high damping rubber bearing (base isolated structure). Key Words: Base isolated structure, Pushover analysis method, Response spectrum method, Viscous damper, High damping rubber bearing, SAP2000v16 etc.
The LAX Theme Building experienced problems with falling plaster and did not meet seismic safety standards. To solve this, engineers installed a tuned mass damper at the top of the building. A tuned mass damper works by countering vibrations in the building using a mass, stiffness, and damping system tuned to the building's natural frequency. This stabilized the building's movement during earthquakes without altering its iconic design.
This document discusses semi-active control systems using magnetorheological (MR) fluid dampers. MR dampers allow controllable damping forces through the use of MR fluids that greatly increase viscosity when subjected to a magnetic field. This provides reliability of passive systems with the adaptability of active control. MR dampers offer bounded input/output stability and low energy requirements. The document outlines types of semi-active control systems and explains the behavior and properties of MR fluids that make them suitable for vibration control applications.
The document discusses vibration control systems for structures and summarizes a presentation on the Yokohama Land Mark Tower in Japan. It describes how the tower implements a hybrid mass damper (HMD) system to control vibrations from earthquakes and wind. The HMD combines a tuned mass damper with an active control actuator. Two 170-ton HMD units were installed in the tower and automatically switch between active and passive modes to reduce vibrations by up to 50%. The hybrid system allows for increased efficiency and robustness compared to a purely passive or active vibration control system.
VIBRATION CONTROL OF CIVIL STRUCTUTRES USING PIEZOCERAMIC SMART MATERIALS
The document discusses using piezoceramic smart materials to control vibrations in civil structures. It provides background on structural vibrations and introduces piezoceramic materials as effective and economical actuators and sensors for vibration control. Various experiments are discussed applying piezoceramics to control vibrations in different civil structure types like beams, trusses, frames, bridges. While piezoceramics have limitations like small displacements, the benefits for vibration control are significant and more development is expected to further enable their use in civil engineering applications.
This project is to cover the graduation requirements for high Diploma of Higher College Of Technology. The research was on the earthquakes and it effects on the building. After that , designing system that help us to control the effect of earthquakes. This system has structure components that should be under consideration. Also, installing the Tuned Mass Dumper TMD in the structure and superstructure of building. This consisting of mass, spring and viscous dumper. The viscous dumper will absorb the energy of the vibration due to earthquakes. Part of calculations, it’s important to study the Flexibility influence coefficient. It focuses on the behavior in terms of stiffness and flexibility. Another important subject is mass stiffness and matrices. This provides the simplest representation of a building for the purposes of investigating lateral dynamic responses.
Jarret Structures produces anti-seismic devices that use fluid viscosity technology to provide both spring and damping functions. Their devices include Fluid Viscous Dampers (FVD), Shock Transmission Units (STU), and Preload Spring Dampers (PSD). FVDs and STUs dissipate seismic energy through the use of silicon fluid flowing through an orifice, with FVDs working in tension and compression and STUs providing a stiff connection during earthquakes. Jarret can customize the size, stroke, and force of their dampers to suit different structural applications.
IRJET- Design of Optimum Parameters of Tuned Mass Damper for a G+8 Story Resi...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a parametric study to optimize tuned mass dampers (TMDs) for vibration control of an 8-story residential building. The building is modeled and analyzed using time history analysis in ETABS software. Natural frequencies and mode shapes are calculated. TMD design steps include calculating floor masses, fundamental natural period, lateral stiffness, and eigen values/vectors. Mass, stiffness and damping ratios are parameters considered to observe TMD effectiveness in reducing structural response. An example illustrates the TMD design procedure. Comparative studies are done for different mass ratios to control the fundamental mode of vibration.
Seismic performance of structure with fixed base, base isolated structure and...eSAT Journals
Abstract Earthquakes can create serious damage to structures. The structures already built are vulnerable to future earthquakes. The damage to structures causes deaths, injuries, economic loss, and loss of functions. Damage to the structure causes due to ground acceleration. This can be minimizing by increasing strength of the structure. Sometimes it is not possible to increase the strength of the structure indefinitely. So it should be tried to increase the capacity of structure using seismic improvement techniques. In this study, there are three different types of G+10 structures with fixed base, structure with viscous damper and structure with high damping rubber bearing are considered. These structures are modeled using finite element software SAP2000v16. These structures have same plan area and are assumed to be situated in seismic zone IV and having medium soil condition. The analysis of these structures is done by performance based pushover analysis method and response spectrum method. The pushover analysis method is used to find out the performance point and capacity of structure. High damping rubber bearing isolators (HDRB) and viscous damper (VD) are use for seismic improvement of RC structure. The procedure of analysis adopted for fixed base structure is same repeated for structure with viscous damper (VD) and base isolated (HDRB) structure. So it will help in comparative parametric study. The results of analysis are compared in terms of storey displacements, modal time period, storey acceleration, performance point, storey drift. The comparative study shows that storey displacement, storey acceleration, storey drift is reduced substantially for structure with high damping rubber bearing (base isolated structure). Key Words: Base isolated structure, Pushover analysis method, Response spectrum method, Viscous damper, High damping rubber bearing, SAP2000v16 etc.
The LAX Theme Building experienced problems with falling plaster and did not meet seismic safety standards. To solve this, engineers installed a tuned mass damper at the top of the building. A tuned mass damper works by countering vibrations in the building using a mass, stiffness, and damping system tuned to the building's natural frequency. This stabilized the building's movement during earthquakes without altering its iconic design.
This document discusses semi-active control systems using magnetorheological (MR) fluid dampers. MR dampers allow controllable damping forces through the use of MR fluids that greatly increase viscosity when subjected to a magnetic field. This provides reliability of passive systems with the adaptability of active control. MR dampers offer bounded input/output stability and low energy requirements. The document outlines types of semi-active control systems and explains the behavior and properties of MR fluids that make them suitable for vibration control applications.
Study on the effect of viscous dampers for RCC frame StructurePuneet Sajjan
1. The study analyzed the effect of adding viscous dampers to an 8-story reinforced concrete building modelled in ETABs software.
2. Dynamic analysis using response spectrum method showed that adding viscous dampers reduced displacement by up to 64%, story drift by up to 70%, and story shear by up to 30% compared to the model without dampers.
3. Viscous dampers work by dissipating energy through the flow of silicone-based fluid between piston-cylinder arrangements when the structure vibrates, reducing seismic loads on the building.
This document discusses various earthquake design considerations for buildings. It notes that buildings with unequal mass distribution, soft ground floors, or uneven structural elements can twist during shaking. Different buildings respond differently to ground vibrations depending on the period of earthquake waves. Indian design codes like IS 13920 and IS 1893 provide guidelines for ductile reinforcement details. Proper detailing of beams, columns, joints, walls and foundations is necessary to resist seismic forces. Base isolation and damping devices can also help reduce earthquake shaking and damage.
The Rion-Antirion Bridge connects Greece across a strait prone to earthquakes. Its 2,252 meter long deck is suspended from four pylons by stay cables. To protect the bridge from seismic events, innovative energy dissipation systems were used, including viscous dampers and fuse restraints. Extensive testing of full-scale prototypes confirmed the design assumptions and behavior of the seismic protection system. The dampers and restraints limit deck movement during earthquakes while dissipating seismic energy. The fuse restraints fail under strong quakes, allowing the dampers to control deck oscillations. Similar systems isolate the approach viaducts from ground motions.
Seismic performance of adjacent building using fluid viscous dampersAyaz Malik
This presentation highlights the effect of Fluid Viscous Dampers (FVDs) on the seismic performance of adjacent buildings connected through a ped-way. A part of this project also deals with the Qualitative Damage Analysis of the structure during an earthquake, with and without FVDs.
This document provides an overview of energy dissipation methods that can be used to enhance the seismic response of buildings. It discusses various passive, active, and base isolation systems that dissipate earthquake energy, reducing structural damage. Passive systems like metallic dampers, friction dampers, and viscous fluid dampers are effective in moderate seismic zones. Active control systems are preferred for taller, more flexible buildings. The document highlights examples of seismic protection systems used in real buildings, such as friction dampers, viscous dampers, and hybrid mass dampers.
Seismic design codes in India outline procedures for designing earthquake-resistant structures. The Indian Standards provide criteria for seismic analysis and design of buildings according to their location within seismic zones. Key aspects covered include structural configuration, lateral strength, stiffness, ductility. IS 1893 specifies how to calculate seismic design forces based on zone factor, importance factor, response reduction factor, and average response acceleration coefficient. Structures must be designed to withstand minor, moderate, and major earthquakes without collapse through sufficient strength, stiffness, and ductility provided by code-compliant reinforcement detailing.
Special moment frames are reinforced concrete frames designed to resist earthquakes through flexural, axial, and shearing actions. They have additional proportioning and detailing requirements compared to intermediate or ordinary moment frames to improve seismic resistance. This includes the strong column weak beam design where the sum of the flexural strengths of the columns at a joint must exceed 120% of the sum of the flexural strengths of the beams to ensure plastic hinges form in the beams before the columns. Proper hinge reinforcement is also required to allow hinges to undergo large rotations without losing strength.
This document discusses base isolation as a method for seismic protection of structures. It explains that base isolation works by increasing the natural period of the structure and decreasing its acceleration, while allowing for increased displacement at the isolated base. This reduces seismic demand on the superstructure. The document provides details on the design process for base isolation using either an equivalent lateral force method or dynamic analysis, and highlights important performance objectives for seismic isolation systems. It also gives some examples of early base isolation retrofit projects in the United States.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EARTH-QUAKE RESISTANT FOR MULTI-STORIED BUILDING ON A ...Ijripublishers Ijri
his project named as “DESIGN OF EARTH-QUAKE RESISTANT MULTI-STORIED RCC BUILDING ON A SLOPING
GROUND” involves the analysis of simple 2-D frames of varying floor heights and varying no of bays using a very popular
software tool STAAD Pro. Using the analysis results various graphs were drawn between the maximum axial force,
maximum shear force, maximum bending moment, maximum tensile force and maximum compressive stress being
developed for the frames on plane ground and sloping ground. The graphs used to drawn comparison between the two
cases and the detailed study of “SHORT COLOUMN EFFECT” failure was carried up. In addition to that the detailed
study of seismology was undertaken and the feasibility of the software tool to be used was also checked. Till date many
such projects have been undertaken on this very topic but the analysis were generally done for the static loads i.e. dead
load, live load etc, but to this the earthquake analysis or seismic analysis is to be incorporated. To create a technical
knowhow, two similar categories of structures were analyzed, first on plane ground and another on a sloping ground.
Then the results were compared. At last the a structure would be analyzed and designed on sloping ground for all possible
load combinations pertaining to IS 456, IS 1893 and IS 13920 manually.
SEISMIC MITIGATION OF TWIN TOWER STRUCTURES USING AN ISOLATED CORRIDORharshilshah546931
The analytical expression of connected structures subjected to earthquake ground motions are derived and solve using step-by-step procedures. The seismic response of connected twin towers is compared with those of un-connected structures. It is
observed that the base isolated sky corridor reduces displacement demand, base shear and absolute acceleration significantly.
This document discusses the analysis of multi-story buildings. It begins by introducing structural analysis and the different load types buildings must withstand. It then describes five common structural systems for multi-story buildings: (1) load bearing wall systems, (2) buildings with flexural systems, (3) moment resisting frame systems, (4) dual frame systems, and (5) tube systems. For each system, it provides details on how the system resists gravity and lateral loads.
The document is a synopsis for a student's bachelor's thesis on designing earthquake resistant reinforced concrete (RRC) buildings. It discusses the objectives of earthquake-resistant design which are to limit damage from frequent, moderate quakes and prevent collapse during rare, severe quakes. It also summarizes various seismic design philosophies and principles, including distributing lateral loads through shear walls and diaphragms. Additionally, it outlines remedial measures like symmetrical building shapes, foundation improvements, adding bands and ties, and ductile beam-column connections to improve a building's earthquake resistance. Overall, the synopsis introduces the topic of the student's thesis which is on improving the performance of RCC structures during earthquakes.
SEISMIC BEHAVIOUR OF TWIN TOWER STRUCTURES CONNECTED AT TOP BY AN ISOLATED C...harshilshah546931
There are many civil engineering structures like buildings, bridges, dams, nuclear power plants, and many mores.
Twin Tower building linked by a sky corridor are widely adopted owing to their advantages in terms of shape, convenient communication, and ability to provide an escape channel during fire.
The document discusses the philosophy of seismic design of building structures. It explains that seismic design aims to allow some damage to occur in major earthquakes to avoid collapse, by designing structures to yield in specific zones. This dissipates energy through hysteretic damping. Structures are designed to remain elastic in minor quakes and have minimal damage in moderate quakes. Common lateral force resisting systems for reinforced concrete buildings are then described, including moment frames, shear walls, dual frames+walls, braced frames, trussed frames, and tube frames.
IRJET- Effect of Viscous Dampers on Response Reduction Factor for RCC Frame u...IRJET Journal
The document discusses the effect of viscous dampers on the response reduction factor (R) of reinforced concrete frames. It analyzes reinforced concrete buildings of 4, 8, 12, and 16 stories both with and without viscous dampers, located in different configurations, using ETABS software. The results show that the response reduction factor (R) is higher for buildings installed with dampers compared to buildings without dampers, indicating that viscous dampers improve the seismic performance of reinforced concrete buildings by increasing their ability to dissipate energy through inelastic behavior.
Diagrid structural systems
are emerging as structurally efficient as well as architecturally significant assemblies for tall buildings.
. The evolution of tall building structural systems based on new structural
concepts with newly adopted high strength materials and construction methods have been towards “stiffness” and “lightness”. Structural systems are become
“lighter” and “stiffer”.
It is common knowledge that rather than directly standing the forces,
it is better to reduce them and dissipate the magnitude of vibrations.
Structure design of high rise buildings is governed by lateral loads due to
wind or earthquake.
Lateral load resistance of structure is provided by interior structural system
or exterior structural system.
The selected structural system should be such that it should be effectively
utilized for structural requirements.
Recently diagrid structural system is adopted in tall buildings due to its
structural efficiency and flexibility in architectural planning.
Earthquake Performance of RCC Frame Structure using different Types of Bracin...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on using different types of bracings (X, V, inverted V) and lead rubber bearing base isolation to improve the earthquake performance of reinforced concrete frame structures. The forces on structures using different bracing configurations are analyzed using computer software. Bracings increase structural stiffness and strength while reducing deformations from lateral loads like wind and earthquakes. Base isolation increases the fundamental period of the structure to reduce earthquake forces by separating the superstructure from the substructure with flexible isolators. Lead rubber bearings are discussed as an effective isolation system that provides horizontal flexibility, energy dissipation, and vertical rigidity.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Study on the effect of viscous dampers for RCC frame StructurePuneet Sajjan
1. The study analyzed the effect of adding viscous dampers to an 8-story reinforced concrete building modelled in ETABs software.
2. Dynamic analysis using response spectrum method showed that adding viscous dampers reduced displacement by up to 64%, story drift by up to 70%, and story shear by up to 30% compared to the model without dampers.
3. Viscous dampers work by dissipating energy through the flow of silicone-based fluid between piston-cylinder arrangements when the structure vibrates, reducing seismic loads on the building.
This document discusses various earthquake design considerations for buildings. It notes that buildings with unequal mass distribution, soft ground floors, or uneven structural elements can twist during shaking. Different buildings respond differently to ground vibrations depending on the period of earthquake waves. Indian design codes like IS 13920 and IS 1893 provide guidelines for ductile reinforcement details. Proper detailing of beams, columns, joints, walls and foundations is necessary to resist seismic forces. Base isolation and damping devices can also help reduce earthquake shaking and damage.
The Rion-Antirion Bridge connects Greece across a strait prone to earthquakes. Its 2,252 meter long deck is suspended from four pylons by stay cables. To protect the bridge from seismic events, innovative energy dissipation systems were used, including viscous dampers and fuse restraints. Extensive testing of full-scale prototypes confirmed the design assumptions and behavior of the seismic protection system. The dampers and restraints limit deck movement during earthquakes while dissipating seismic energy. The fuse restraints fail under strong quakes, allowing the dampers to control deck oscillations. Similar systems isolate the approach viaducts from ground motions.
Seismic performance of adjacent building using fluid viscous dampersAyaz Malik
This presentation highlights the effect of Fluid Viscous Dampers (FVDs) on the seismic performance of adjacent buildings connected through a ped-way. A part of this project also deals with the Qualitative Damage Analysis of the structure during an earthquake, with and without FVDs.
This document provides an overview of energy dissipation methods that can be used to enhance the seismic response of buildings. It discusses various passive, active, and base isolation systems that dissipate earthquake energy, reducing structural damage. Passive systems like metallic dampers, friction dampers, and viscous fluid dampers are effective in moderate seismic zones. Active control systems are preferred for taller, more flexible buildings. The document highlights examples of seismic protection systems used in real buildings, such as friction dampers, viscous dampers, and hybrid mass dampers.
Seismic design codes in India outline procedures for designing earthquake-resistant structures. The Indian Standards provide criteria for seismic analysis and design of buildings according to their location within seismic zones. Key aspects covered include structural configuration, lateral strength, stiffness, ductility. IS 1893 specifies how to calculate seismic design forces based on zone factor, importance factor, response reduction factor, and average response acceleration coefficient. Structures must be designed to withstand minor, moderate, and major earthquakes without collapse through sufficient strength, stiffness, and ductility provided by code-compliant reinforcement detailing.
Special moment frames are reinforced concrete frames designed to resist earthquakes through flexural, axial, and shearing actions. They have additional proportioning and detailing requirements compared to intermediate or ordinary moment frames to improve seismic resistance. This includes the strong column weak beam design where the sum of the flexural strengths of the columns at a joint must exceed 120% of the sum of the flexural strengths of the beams to ensure plastic hinges form in the beams before the columns. Proper hinge reinforcement is also required to allow hinges to undergo large rotations without losing strength.
This document discusses base isolation as a method for seismic protection of structures. It explains that base isolation works by increasing the natural period of the structure and decreasing its acceleration, while allowing for increased displacement at the isolated base. This reduces seismic demand on the superstructure. The document provides details on the design process for base isolation using either an equivalent lateral force method or dynamic analysis, and highlights important performance objectives for seismic isolation systems. It also gives some examples of early base isolation retrofit projects in the United States.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EARTH-QUAKE RESISTANT FOR MULTI-STORIED BUILDING ON A ...Ijripublishers Ijri
his project named as “DESIGN OF EARTH-QUAKE RESISTANT MULTI-STORIED RCC BUILDING ON A SLOPING
GROUND” involves the analysis of simple 2-D frames of varying floor heights and varying no of bays using a very popular
software tool STAAD Pro. Using the analysis results various graphs were drawn between the maximum axial force,
maximum shear force, maximum bending moment, maximum tensile force and maximum compressive stress being
developed for the frames on plane ground and sloping ground. The graphs used to drawn comparison between the two
cases and the detailed study of “SHORT COLOUMN EFFECT” failure was carried up. In addition to that the detailed
study of seismology was undertaken and the feasibility of the software tool to be used was also checked. Till date many
such projects have been undertaken on this very topic but the analysis were generally done for the static loads i.e. dead
load, live load etc, but to this the earthquake analysis or seismic analysis is to be incorporated. To create a technical
knowhow, two similar categories of structures were analyzed, first on plane ground and another on a sloping ground.
Then the results were compared. At last the a structure would be analyzed and designed on sloping ground for all possible
load combinations pertaining to IS 456, IS 1893 and IS 13920 manually.
SEISMIC MITIGATION OF TWIN TOWER STRUCTURES USING AN ISOLATED CORRIDORharshilshah546931
The analytical expression of connected structures subjected to earthquake ground motions are derived and solve using step-by-step procedures. The seismic response of connected twin towers is compared with those of un-connected structures. It is
observed that the base isolated sky corridor reduces displacement demand, base shear and absolute acceleration significantly.
This document discusses the analysis of multi-story buildings. It begins by introducing structural analysis and the different load types buildings must withstand. It then describes five common structural systems for multi-story buildings: (1) load bearing wall systems, (2) buildings with flexural systems, (3) moment resisting frame systems, (4) dual frame systems, and (5) tube systems. For each system, it provides details on how the system resists gravity and lateral loads.
The document is a synopsis for a student's bachelor's thesis on designing earthquake resistant reinforced concrete (RRC) buildings. It discusses the objectives of earthquake-resistant design which are to limit damage from frequent, moderate quakes and prevent collapse during rare, severe quakes. It also summarizes various seismic design philosophies and principles, including distributing lateral loads through shear walls and diaphragms. Additionally, it outlines remedial measures like symmetrical building shapes, foundation improvements, adding bands and ties, and ductile beam-column connections to improve a building's earthquake resistance. Overall, the synopsis introduces the topic of the student's thesis which is on improving the performance of RCC structures during earthquakes.
SEISMIC BEHAVIOUR OF TWIN TOWER STRUCTURES CONNECTED AT TOP BY AN ISOLATED C...harshilshah546931
There are many civil engineering structures like buildings, bridges, dams, nuclear power plants, and many mores.
Twin Tower building linked by a sky corridor are widely adopted owing to their advantages in terms of shape, convenient communication, and ability to provide an escape channel during fire.
The document discusses the philosophy of seismic design of building structures. It explains that seismic design aims to allow some damage to occur in major earthquakes to avoid collapse, by designing structures to yield in specific zones. This dissipates energy through hysteretic damping. Structures are designed to remain elastic in minor quakes and have minimal damage in moderate quakes. Common lateral force resisting systems for reinforced concrete buildings are then described, including moment frames, shear walls, dual frames+walls, braced frames, trussed frames, and tube frames.
IRJET- Effect of Viscous Dampers on Response Reduction Factor for RCC Frame u...IRJET Journal
The document discusses the effect of viscous dampers on the response reduction factor (R) of reinforced concrete frames. It analyzes reinforced concrete buildings of 4, 8, 12, and 16 stories both with and without viscous dampers, located in different configurations, using ETABS software. The results show that the response reduction factor (R) is higher for buildings installed with dampers compared to buildings without dampers, indicating that viscous dampers improve the seismic performance of reinforced concrete buildings by increasing their ability to dissipate energy through inelastic behavior.
Diagrid structural systems
are emerging as structurally efficient as well as architecturally significant assemblies for tall buildings.
. The evolution of tall building structural systems based on new structural
concepts with newly adopted high strength materials and construction methods have been towards “stiffness” and “lightness”. Structural systems are become
“lighter” and “stiffer”.
It is common knowledge that rather than directly standing the forces,
it is better to reduce them and dissipate the magnitude of vibrations.
Structure design of high rise buildings is governed by lateral loads due to
wind or earthquake.
Lateral load resistance of structure is provided by interior structural system
or exterior structural system.
The selected structural system should be such that it should be effectively
utilized for structural requirements.
Recently diagrid structural system is adopted in tall buildings due to its
structural efficiency and flexibility in architectural planning.
Earthquake Performance of RCC Frame Structure using different Types of Bracin...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on using different types of bracings (X, V, inverted V) and lead rubber bearing base isolation to improve the earthquake performance of reinforced concrete frame structures. The forces on structures using different bracing configurations are analyzed using computer software. Bracings increase structural stiffness and strength while reducing deformations from lateral loads like wind and earthquakes. Base isolation increases the fundamental period of the structure to reduce earthquake forces by separating the superstructure from the substructure with flexible isolators. Lead rubber bearings are discussed as an effective isolation system that provides horizontal flexibility, energy dissipation, and vertical rigidity.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
This document describes the design and analysis of a planar positioning stage based on a redundantly actuated parallel linkage with six degrees of freedom (three translations and three rotations). The kinematics and workspace analysis of the linkage are presented. A static analysis method to calculate the actuator torques required for a given end-effector force and trajectory is also described. MATLAB programs were developed to analyze the workspace and perform the static analysis. The results show that the redundant actuation can help improve the workspace characteristics and prevent singular configurations compared to non-redundant parallel manipulators. The stage design has potential applications in micro-positioning.
Review study on performance of seismically tested repaired shear wallseSAT Publishing House
This document summarizes research on the performance of reinforced concrete shear walls that have been repaired after damage. It begins with an introduction to shear walls and their failure modes. The literature review then discusses the behavior of original shear walls as well as different repair techniques tested by other researchers, including conventional repair with new concrete, jacketing with steel plates or concrete, and use of fiber reinforced polymers. The document focuses on evaluating the strength retention of shear walls after being repaired with various methods.
Face detection for video summary using enhancement based fusion strategyeSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Effect of depth to thickness ratio and length to depth ratio on hollow sectio...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Planning of intermediate transport system for bengaluru metropolitan city to ...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Effect of prism height on strength of reinforced hollow concrete block masonryeSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
This document presents a novel dual-point clamping method for improving workpiece milling precision when machining low-rigidity plates. Traditional clamping with a single point is not suitable for dynamically adjusting clamping forces to compensate for workpiece deflection under cutting forces. The proposed method uses two adjustable clamping points to share clamping forces. A mathematical model is developed to calculate workpiece deflection under both cutting and varying dual-point clamping forces. Finite element simulations and experimental case studies show that the dual-point method can better resist workpiece deflection compared to traditional single-point clamping.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Detailed investigation on Seismic response of linear and nonlinear symmetric ...IRJET Journal
The document discusses seismic response of linear and nonlinear symmetric and asymmetric building systems. It investigates using passive linear viscous dampers and nonlinear viscous dampers placed in a 20-story asymmetric building. Response quantities like displacement, velocity and acceleration are calculated for bidirectional seismic excitations. The analysis aims to determine ideal damper parameters and their effectiveness in reducing lateral-torsional response compared to an uncontrolled building. It also examines optimal damper locations in the multi-story building.
Seismic Response Study and Evaluation of Vibration Control of High- Rise Stru...IRJET Journal
This document discusses different types of vibration dampers that can be used to reduce the seismic response of high-rise buildings, including viscous fluid dampers, viscoelastic dampers, friction dampers, magnetorheological (MR) dampers, and pendulum tuned mass dampers. It provides detailed descriptions of each type of damper, including their construction and vibration control mechanisms. The document also reviews several previous studies that have analyzed the effectiveness of these dampers at reducing displacement, shear, moment, and acceleration responses in high-rise buildings subjected to earthquakes.
SEISMIC PROTECTION OF RC FRAMES USING FRICTION DAMPERSIAEME Publication
The increasing infrastructural growth incurs large investments and large section of society
being served by them, it is necessary to make them safer against earthquakes and let people
feel confident in their structures. The need for structural response control has gained pace in
application around the globe. This paper discusses the use and effectiveness of one such
device, friction dampers, for response control of structures. In this paper a non-linear time
history analysis has been carried out on a 3D model of a 12 story RCC MRF building using 3-
directional synthetic accelerogram. Two different cases of building models with and without
friction dampers have been analyzed using ETABS. The response of the structure to seismic
excitation in terms of absolute maximum displacement and story drift has been compared.
Time history response plots have also been compared for various responses viz. roof
displacement and acceleration, base shear and story shear forces, along with the various
energy components and damping behavior. The results of the time history analysis are in close
conformation with previous investigations and represent the effectiveness of dampers in
improving the structural response as well as damping demand on structural systems.
This document discusses using friction dampers to improve the seismic protection of reinforced concrete frames. It presents the results of a nonlinear time history analysis comparing the response of a 12-story reinforced concrete moment frame building with and without friction dampers. The analysis found that using friction dampers reduced the building's maximum displacement and story drift in response to seismic excitation. It also decreased the roof displacement and acceleration, base shear, and story shear forces. The dampers improved the structural response and increased energy dissipation, confirming previous research on the effectiveness of friction dampers.
C12-AuthersCopy.pdf on earthquake resistance buildingAblodeyAgbeko
This document summarizes a study on using base isolation techniques in building construction. Base isolation involves installing rubber bearings between the foundation and superstructure of a building to decouple the building from ground motions during an earthquake. The study models a two-story steel building both with and without base isolation bearings. Dynamic analysis shows that base isolation significantly reduces shear forces, moments, and drift in the building by increasing its fundamental period of vibration. Compared to a fixed base, the isolated base building experiences less deformation and damage for the same seismic loads.
Seismic Behaviour of Multi-Storied Building by Using Tuned Mass Damper and Ba...IJERA Editor
Earthquakes create vibrations on the ground that are translated into dynamic loads which cause the ground and anything attached to it to vibrate in a complex manner and cause damage to buildings and other structures. Civil engineering is continuously improving ways to cope with this inherent phenomenon. Conventional strategies of strengthening the system consume more materials and energy. Moreover, higher masses lead to higher seismic forces. Alternative strategies such as passive control systems are found to be effective in reducing the seismic and other dynamic effects on civil engineering structures. A Tuned mass damper (TMD) is a device consisting of a mass, and spring that is attached to a structure in order to reduce the dynamic response of the structure. Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) has been found to be most effective for controlling the structural responses for harmonic and wind excitations. Base isolation is nowadays widely considered as an effective strategy to protect structures subject to seismic excitations. The performance of linear base isolation system along with tuned mass damper to mitigate seismic response of structures is investigated.
IRJET- Structural Analysis of Seismic Friction DampersIRJET Journal
The document discusses the structural analysis of seismic friction dampers. It summarizes that friction dampers are installed in buildings in a way that their moving parts slide during earthquakes to dissipate seismic energy. Two building models are analyzed using pushover analysis: a rectangular building with rectangular columns and dampers, and a rectangular building without dampers. The results show that the building with dampers experiences lower lateral displacements, base shear, and story drift compared to the building without dampers under earthquake loading. Friction dampers thus help improve a building's seismic performance by reducing its response.
IRJET- Seismic Resistant Structure by using Tuned Mass DamperIRJET Journal
This document discusses using tuned mass dampers (TMDs) to improve the seismic resistance of structures. It first provides background on TMDs and how they work to counteract vibrations by being tuned to the fundamental frequency of the structure. The document then reviews several past studies that analyzed the effectiveness of TMDs at reducing the accelerations of buildings under stochastic seismic loads and earthquake records. It presents research showing that multiple TMDs can provide better vibration reduction than a single TMD. Finally, the document summarizes that TMDs have been shown to effectively reduce vibrations and improve structural safety, especially when the damping ratio of the structure is low.
Comparative Study on Seismic Behavior of Different Shape of RC Structure with...IRJET Journal
This document reviews several papers on using different types of seismic dampers, including viscous, visco-elastic, friction, tuned mass, and yielding dampers, to improve the seismic performance of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. It finds that installing dampers can significantly reduce displacement, inter-story drift, column shear forces, and acceleration responses in RC buildings during earthquakes compared to buildings without dampers. Viscous dampers generally provide better displacement control than other damper types. The optimal placement of dampers is on lower floors, as this minimizes displacement and drift the most.
IRJET- A Review on Seismic Analysis of Buildings using Passive Energy Dis...IRJET Journal
The document summarizes research on using passive energy dissipating devices to improve the seismic performance of buildings. It reviews literature on three main types of passive dampers: fluid viscous dampers, viscoelastic dampers, and friction dampers. Studies show that incorporating these dampers can significantly reduce inter-story drifts, floor accelerations, and shear forces in buildings during earthquakes by dissipating seismic energy. Fluid viscous dampers and friction dampers in particular have been found to improve structural response and reduce damage when optimized for location and properties in the building design.
Vibration Analysis of Structure using Tune Mass DamperIRJET Journal
This document discusses using a tuned mass damper (TMD) to control vibrations in structures. It begins by introducing TMDs and how they work, using a secondary mass attached to the primary structure through springs and dampers. The mass is tuned to have a natural frequency close to the structure.
It then describes analyzing a 17-story building model both with and without a TMD using response spectrum analysis software. Response spectrum analysis involves calculating the response of structures with different natural frequencies and damping when subjected to vibrations. Key responses like displacement, drift, and frequency are compared.
The study found that attaching a TMD, tuned to the building's fundamental frequency, at the top floor was effective at
IRJET- Base Isolation and Damping Sytems for Earthquake ResistanceIRJET Journal
This document discusses various damping systems and base isolation techniques that can be used to improve the earthquake resistance of buildings. It summarizes the types of damping systems, including viscous dampers, tuned mass dampers, base isolation, active damping and semi-active damping. The document compares the performance of buildings with base isolation and damping systems to fixed base buildings through analytical models. It finds that base isolated buildings and those with damping systems experience significantly reduced displacements compared to fixed base buildings. Finally, the document discusses the use of viscous damping systems specifically for high-rise buildings and their advantages over other techniques.
This document discusses the design of base isolation systems for seismic response control. Base isolation involves installing isolation devices between the structure's foundation and superstructure to reduce the transmission of seismic energy. The document analyzes a 6-story hospital building model in SAP2000 software. Three common base isolator types are described: laminated rubber bearings, high damping rubber bearings, and lead rubber bearings. The properties of laminated rubber isolators are designed based on the axial loads from the building's columns. The isolator properties are then incorporated into the SAP2000 model as link elements. Time history analysis is performed before and after isolator installation to compare the building's response in terms of time period and frequency.
IRJET- A Study on Seismic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Frame with L...IRJET Journal
This document presents a study on the seismic performance of a 10-storey reinforced concrete frame with different lateral force resistant systems, including a base isolation system using lead rubber bearings. Three models of the frame were analyzed: fixed base, braced with X-bracing, and base isolated. Time history, static, and pushover analyses were conducted. The results show that the base isolated frame performed best in reducing story drift, displacement, shear, and acceleration under seismic loading compared to the fixed base and braced frames. Maximum drift was 0.415mm for the base isolated frame versus 26.62mm for the fixed base frame. The base shear was also significantly reduced from 2294.3kN to 32.935
Analysis and Design of RCC Building Retrofitted by Accordion Metallic DamperIRJET Journal
This document discusses retrofitting a reinforced concrete building using accordion metallic dampers to improve seismic performance. It provides background on seismic retrofitting, types of supplemental damping systems (passive, active, semi-active), and energy dissipation devices like yielding metallic dampers, viscoelastic dampers, viscous dampers, and friction dampers. Specifically, it analyzes retrofitting a building with accordion metallic dampers, which have been shown to effectively absorb impact energy. The building is analyzed using time history and pushover analysis in software, both with and without the dampers. Results show the dampers significantly reduce response quantities like inter-story drift, displacement, bending moment, and shear force, demonstrating their effectiveness in dissip
Analysis of mechanical structure under vibration using vibrationIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a study analyzing the vibration of mechanical structures. The researchers developed an experimental setup consisting of a mechanical vibrator, vibration transmission mechanism, and mechanical structure. They fabricated the system based on AutoCAD drawings and measured vibration using potentiometers. The setup simulated real vibrating structures and recorded linear displacement of sensors to indicate different vibration modes. Finite element modeling in ABAQUS was also used to simulate and compare the vibrating system's behavior. The goal was to develop a system that could monitor a structure's vibration at different excitation frequencies.
This document summarizes a study that analyzes the dynamic response of different 11-story building structures subjected to earthquake ground motions, including:
1) A fixed-base structure; 2) A structure with rubber seismic bearings; and 3) A proposed folded cantilever shear structure (FCSS) with movable subframes supported by roller bearings and connected with additional viscous dampers.
Numerical models of each structure were analyzed under ground motions from past earthquakes. Results showed that seismic isolation generally reduced acceleration and displacement responses compared to the fixed-base structure.
SEISMIC RESPONSE OF UNSYMMETRIC BUILDING WITH OPTIMALLY PLACED FRICTION DAMPERSIAEME Publication
Conventional methods of seismic rehabilitation with concrete shear walls or steel bracing
are not considered suitable for some buildings as upgrades with these methods would have
required expensive and time consuming foundation work. Supplemental damping in
conjunction with appropriate stiffness offers an innovative and attractive solution for the
seismic rehabilitation of such structures. This paper deals with the use of friction damper as a
passive dissipative device in order to seismic retrofit of existing structures and discusses the
optimal placement criteria. To fulfill this objective, six storey and ten storey L-shaped
buildings have been modeled with five different damper location formats in SAP2000 subjected
to El Centro and Utterkashi earthquake records. Non-Linear Modal Time History Method has
been used for the analysis and base shear, joint displacement, member forces and hysteresis
energy has been compared to find out most optimal damper location format.
This document discusses the use of friction dampers as a passive dissipative device to seismically retrofit existing structures. Six-story and ten-story L-shaped reinforced concrete buildings are modeled with friction dampers placed in five different formats. Non-linear modal time history analysis is conducted using El Centro and Utterkashi ground motion records. Results for maximum base shear, joint displacement, member forces and hysteretic energy are compared to determine the most optimal damper location format for seismic response reduction.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MULTISTORY BUILDING WITH AND WITHOUT SHEAR WALL, X BR...IRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative analysis of the seismic behavior of multistory reinforced concrete buildings with and without shear walls, X-bracing, and fluid viscous dampers. Four 30m tall building models are analyzed using ETABS software: a basic reinforced concrete structure, one with added shear walls, one with fluid viscous dampers, and one with X-bracing. The results show that the addition of shear walls is most effective at reducing displacement, drift, and increasing story stiffness compared to the other seismic retrofitting methods. In conclusion, shear walls placed at building corners provide the best seismic performance by significantly decreasing displacement while increasing structural strength and stiffness.
Similar to Applications of dampers for vibration control of (20)
Hudhud cyclone caused extensive damage in Visakhapatnam, India in October 2014, especially to tree cover. This will likely impact the local environment in several ways: increased air pollution as trees absorb less; higher temperatures without tree canopy; increased erosion and landslides. It also created large amounts of waste from destroyed trees. Proper management of solid waste is needed to prevent disease spread. Suggested measures include restoring damaged plants, building fountains to reduce heat, mandating light-colored buildings, improving waste management, and educating public on health risks. Overall, changes are needed to water, land, and waste practices to rebuild the environment after the cyclone removed green cover.
Impact of flood disaster in a drought prone area – case study of alampur vill...eSAT Publishing House
1) In September-October 2009, unprecedented heavy rainfall and dam releases caused widespread flooding in Alampur village in Mahabub Nagar district, a historically drought-prone area.
2) The flood damaged or destroyed homes, buildings, infrastructure, crops, and documents. It displaced many residents and cut off the village.
3) The socioeconomic conditions and mud-based construction of homes in the village exacerbated the flood's impacts, making damage more severe and recovery more difficult.
The document summarizes the Hudhud cyclone that struck Visakhapatnam, India in October 2014. It describes the cyclone's formation, rapid intensification to winds of 175 km/h, and landfall near Visakhapatnam. The cyclone caused extensive damage estimated at over $1 billion and at least 109 deaths in India and Nepal. Infrastructure like buildings, bridges, and power lines were destroyed. Crops and fishing boats were also damaged. The document then discusses coping strategies and improvements needed to disaster management plans to better prepare for future cyclones.
Groundwater investigation using geophysical methods a case study of pydibhim...eSAT Publishing House
This document summarizes the results of a geophysical investigation using vertical electrical sounding (VES) methods at 13 locations around an industrial area in India. The VES data was interpreted to generate geo-electric sections and pseudo-sections showing subsurface resistivity variations. Three main layers were typically identified - a high resistivity topsoil, a weathered middle layer, and a basement rock. Pseudo-sections revealed relatively more weathered areas in the northwest and southwest. Resistivity sections helped identify zones of possible high groundwater potential based on low resistivity anomalies sandwiched between more resistive layers. The study concluded the electrical resistivity method was useful for understanding subsurface geology and identifying areas prospective for groundwater exploration.
Flood related disasters concerned to urban flooding in bangalore, indiaeSAT Publishing House
1. The document discusses urban flooding in Bangalore, India. It describes how factors like heavy rainfall, population growth, and improper land use have contributed to increased flooding in the city.
2. Flooding events in 2013 are analyzed in detail. A November rainfall caused runoff six times higher than the drainage capacity, inundating low-lying residential areas.
3. Impacts of urban flooding include disrupted daily life, damaged infrastructure, and decreased economic activity in affected areas. The document calls for improved flood management strategies to better mitigate urban flooding risks in Bangalore.
Enhancing post disaster recovery by optimal infrastructure capacity buildingeSAT Publishing House
This document discusses enhancing post-disaster recovery through optimal infrastructure capacity building. It presents a model to minimize the cost of meeting demand using auxiliary capacities when disaster damages infrastructure. The model uses genetic algorithms to select optimal capacity combinations. The document reviews how infrastructure provides vital services supporting recovery activities and discusses classifying infrastructure into six types. When disaster reduces infrastructure services, a gap forms between community demands and available support, hindering recovery. The proposed research aims to identify this gap and optimize capacity selection to fill it cost-effectively.
Effect of lintel and lintel band on the global performance of reinforced conc...eSAT Publishing House
This document analyzes the effect of lintels and lintel bands on the seismic performance of reinforced concrete masonry infilled frames through non-linear static pushover analysis. Four frame models are considered: a frame with a full masonry infill wall; a frame with a central opening but no lintel/band; a frame with a lintel above the opening; and a frame with a lintel band above the opening. The results show that the full infill wall model has 27% higher stiffness and 32% higher strength than the model with just an opening. Models with lintels or lintel bands have slightly higher strength and stiffness than the model with just an opening. The document concludes lintels and lintel
Wind damage to trees in the gitam university campus at visakhapatnam by cyclo...eSAT Publishing House
1) A cyclone with wind speeds of 175-200 kph caused massive damage to the green cover of Gitam University campus in Visakhapatnam, India. Thousands of trees were uprooted or damaged.
2) A study assessed different types of damage to trees from the cyclone, including defoliation, salt spray damage, damage to stems/branches, and uprooting. Certain tree species were more vulnerable than others.
3) The results of the study can help in selecting more wind-resistant tree species for future planting and reducing damage from future storms.
Wind damage to buildings, infrastrucuture and landscape elements along the be...eSAT Publishing House
1) A visual study was conducted to assess wind damage from Cyclone Hudhud along the 27km Visakha-Bheemli Beach road in Visakhapatnam, India.
2) Residential and commercial buildings suffered extensive roof damage, while glass facades on hotels and restaurants were shattered. Infrastructure like electricity poles and bus shelters were destroyed.
3) Landscape elements faced damage, including collapsed trees that damaged pavements, and debris in parks. The cyclone wiped out over half the city's green cover and caused beach erosion around protected areas.
1) The document reviews factors that influence the shear strength of reinforced concrete deep beams, including compressive strength of concrete, percentage of tension reinforcement, vertical and horizontal web reinforcement, aggregate interlock, shear span-to-depth ratio, loading distribution, side cover, and beam depth.
2) It finds that compressive strength of concrete, tension reinforcement percentage, and web reinforcement all increase shear strength, while shear strength decreases as shear span-to-depth ratio increases.
3) The distribution and amount of vertical and horizontal web reinforcement also affects shear strength, but closely spaced stirrups do not necessarily enhance capacity or performance.
Role of voluntary teams of professional engineers in dissater management – ex...eSAT Publishing House
1) A team of 17 professional engineers from various disciplines called the "Griha Seva" team volunteered after the 2001 Gujarat earthquake to provide technical assistance.
2) The team conducted site visits, assessments, testing and recommended retrofitting strategies for damaged structures in Bhuj and Ahmedabad. They were able to fully assess and retrofit 20 buildings in Ahmedabad.
3) Factors observed that exacerbated the earthquake's impacts included unplanned construction, non-engineered buildings, improper prior retrofitting, and defective materials and workmanship. The professional engineers' technical expertise was crucial for effective post-disaster management.
This document discusses risk analysis and environmental hazard management. It begins by defining risk, hazard, and toxicity. It then outlines the steps involved in hazard identification, including HAZID, HAZOP, and HAZAN. The document presents a case study of a hypothetical gas collecting station, identifying potential accidents and hazards. It discusses quantitative and qualitative approaches to risk analysis, including calculating a fire and explosion index. The document concludes by discussing hazard management strategies like preventative measures, control measures, fire protection, relief operations, and the importance of training personnel on safety.
Monitoring and assessment of air quality with reference to dust particles (pm...eSAT Publishing House
This document summarizes a study on monitoring and assessing air quality with respect to dust particles (PM10 and PM2.5) in the urban environment of Visakhapatnam, India. Sampling was conducted in residential, commercial, and industrial areas from October 2013 to August 2014. The average PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations were within limits in residential areas but moderate to high in commercial and industrial areas. Exceedance factor levels indicated moderate pollution for residential areas and moderate to high pollution for commercial and industrial areas. There is a need for management measures like improved public transport and green spaces to combat particulate air pollution in the study areas.
Low cost wireless sensor networks and smartphone applications for disaster ma...eSAT Publishing House
This document describes a low-cost wireless sensor network and smartphone application system for disaster management. The system uses an Arduino-based wireless sensor network comprising nodes with various sensors to monitor the environment. The sensor data is transmitted to a central gateway and then to the cloud for analysis. A smartphone app connected to the cloud can detect disasters from the sensor data and send real-time alerts to users to help with early evacuation. The system aims to provide low-cost localized disaster detection and warnings to improve safety.
Coastal zones – seismic vulnerability an analysis from east coast of indiaeSAT Publishing House
This document summarizes an analysis of seismic vulnerability along the east coast of India. It discusses the geotectonic setting of the region as a passive continental margin and reports some moderate seismic activity from offshore in recent decades. While seismic stability cannot be assumed given events like the 2004 tsunami, no major earthquakes have been recorded along this coast historically. The document calls for further study of active faults, neotectonics, and implementation of improved seismic building codes to mitigate vulnerability.
Can fracture mechanics predict damage due disaster of structureseSAT Publishing House
This document discusses how fracture mechanics can be used to better predict damage and failure of structures. It notes that current design codes are based on small-scale laboratory tests and do not account for size effects, which can lead to more brittle failures in larger structures. The document outlines how fracture mechanics considers factors like size effect, ductility, and minimum reinforcement that influence the strength and failure behavior of structures. It provides examples of how fracture mechanics has been applied to problems like evaluating shear strength in deep beams and investigating a failure of an oil platform structure. The document argues that fracture mechanics provides a more scientific basis for structural design compared to existing empirical code provisions.
This document discusses the assessment of seismic susceptibility of reinforced concrete (RC) buildings. It begins with an introduction to earthquakes and the importance of vulnerability assessment in mitigating earthquake risks and losses. It then describes modeling the nonlinear behavior of RC building elements and performing pushover analysis to evaluate building performance. The document outlines modeling RC frames and developing moment-curvature relationships. It also summarizes the results of pushover analyses on sample 2D and 3D RC frames with and without shear walls. The conclusions emphasize that pushover analysis effectively assesses building properties but has limitations, and that capacity spectrum method provides appropriate results for evaluating building response and retrofitting impact.
A geophysical insight of earthquake occurred on 21 st may 2014 off paradip, b...eSAT Publishing House
1) A 6.0 magnitude earthquake occurred off the coast of Paradip, Odisha in the Bay of Bengal on May 21, 2014 at a depth of around 40 km.
2) Analysis of magnetic and bathymetric data from the area revealed the presence of major lineaments in NW-SE and NE-SW directions that may be responsible for seismic activity through stress release.
3) Movements along growth faults at the margins of large Bengal channels, due to large sediment loads, could also contribute to seismic events by triggering movements along the faults.
Effect of hudhud cyclone on the development of visakhapatnam as smart and gre...eSAT Publishing House
This document discusses the effects of Cyclone Hudhud on the development of Visakhapatnam as a smart and green city through a case study and preliminary surveys. The surveys found that 31% of participants had experienced cyclones, 9% floods, and 59% landslides previously in Visakhapatnam. Awareness of disaster alarming systems increased from 14% before the 2004 tsunami to 85% during Cyclone Hudhud, while awareness of disaster management systems increased from 50% before the tsunami to 94% during Hudhud. The surveys indicate that initiatives after the tsunami improved awareness and preparedness. Developing Visakhapatnam as a smart, green city should consider governance
This document summarizes a product called H-HUTS that aims to provide sustainable disaster recovery housing. H-HUTS uses cardboard and origami-inspired modular construction to quickly provide temporary shelters after disasters. The cardboard shelters are designed to be upgraded into permanent homes over time using low-cost materials like shotcrete or concrete. The modular design allows for flexibility and community participation in construction. Testing has shown the shelters can withstand wind loads and provide adequate insulation. The goal of H-HUTS is to not just provide initial shelter but help disaster-affected communities regain permanency in housing and recover in the long-term.
Low power architecture of logic gates using adiabatic techniquesnooriasukmaningtyas
The growing significance of portable systems to limit power consumption in ultra-large-scale-integration chips of very high density, has recently led to rapid and inventive progresses in low-power design. The most effective technique is adiabatic logic circuit design in energy-efficient hardware. This paper presents two adiabatic approaches for the design of low power circuits, modified positive feedback adiabatic logic (modified PFAL) and the other is direct current diode based positive feedback adiabatic logic (DC-DB PFAL). Logic gates are the preliminary components in any digital circuit design. By improving the performance of basic gates, one can improvise the whole system performance. In this paper proposed circuit design of the low power architecture of OR/NOR, AND/NAND, and XOR/XNOR gates are presented using the said approaches and their results are analyzed for powerdissipation, delay, power-delay-product and rise time and compared with the other adiabatic techniques along with the conventional complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) designs reported in the literature. It has been found that the designs with DC-DB PFAL technique outperform with the percentage improvement of 65% for NOR gate and 7% for NAND gate and 34% for XNOR gate over the modified PFAL techniques at 10 MHz respectively.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Literature Review Basics and Understanding Reference Management.pptxDr Ramhari Poudyal
Three-day training on academic research focuses on analytical tools at United Technical College, supported by the University Grant Commission, Nepal. 24-26 May 2024
Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapte...University of Maribor
Slides from talk presenting:
Aleš Zamuda: Presentation of IEEE Slovenia CIS (Computational Intelligence Society) Chapter and Networking.
Presentation at IcETRAN 2024 session:
"Inter-Society Networking Panel GRSS/MTT-S/CIS
Panel Session: Promoting Connection and Cooperation"
IEEE Slovenia GRSS
IEEE Serbia and Montenegro MTT-S
IEEE Slovenia CIS
11TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONIC AND COMPUTING ENGINEERING
3-6 June 2024, Niš, Serbia
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)
Applications of dampers for vibration control of
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APPLICATIONS OF DAMPERS FOR VIBRATION CONTROL OF
STRUCTURES: AN OVERVIEW
Vajreshwari Umachagi1
, Katta Venkataramana2
, G. R. Reddy3
, Rajeev Verma4
1, 2
Department of Civil Engineering, NITK, Surathkal 575025
3, 4
Structural & Seismic Engg Section, Reaction Safety Division, BARC, Trombay, Mumbai-400085
vmumachagi@gmail.com, ven.nitk@gmail.com, rssred@ barc.gov.in, rajeev_ballia@yahoo.co.in
Abstract
Dampers have become more popular recently for vibration control of structures, because of their safe, effective and economical
design. This paper presents an overview of literature related to the behavior of dampers on seismically affected structures. The review
includes different types of dampers like metallic dampers, viscoelastic dampers, frictional dampers etc.
Keywords: Seismic response, dampers, structural control systems.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
1. INTRODUCTION
Over the past few decades world has experienced numerous
devastating earthquakes, resulting in increased loss of human
life due to collapse of buildings and severe structural damages.
Occurrence of such damages during earthquakes clearly
demonstrates the high seismic hazards and the structures like
residential buildings, lifeline structures, historical structures
and industrial structures need to be designed very carefully to
protect from earthquakes. Structural design approach using
seismic response control is now widely accepted and
frequently applied in Civil Engineering. In recent years, much
attention has been paid to the research and development of
structural control techniques such as passive control system,
active control system, and semi active control system giving
special importance on improvement of wind and seismic
responses of buildings and bridges. Passive control systems do
not require any power supply. Active control systems require
external power supply and operate based on sensors which are
attached within the structures. Semi active control systems are
combination of both passive and active control systems which
require external power supply and they operate based on
sensors attached to within the structures. But when there is no
power supply, passive control systems control the vibration of
structures. Both control systems can be used for strong wind
motion and earthquakes. Serious efforts have been undertaken
to develop the structural control concept into a workable
technology and such devices are installed in structures.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
Structural control systems increase the energy dissipation
capacity of structures during an earthquake by converting
mechanical energy into heat energy. Different kinds of energy
dissipation systems are given below:
Tuned Mass Dampers (TMDs): Tuned mass dampers
(TMDs) are as shown in Fig.1 (Chakraborty and Roy, 2011
[1]) comprising a mass, spring attached to the structure and are
used for vibration control of structures when subjected to
earthquake excitations. It is a frequency dependent device.
Recently, much research has been carried out such as
analytical, numerical, experimental and optimum solutions of
structures to study the effectiveness of TMDs in reduction of
seismic response of structures. The passive tuned mass damper
(PTMD) was developed and implemented by Lin et al., 1999
[2] for seismic reduction of irregular buildings. Here, five real
earthquakes were considered for numerical and statistical
analysis of five storeys torsionally coupled building. Results
demonstrate that PTMD effectively reduces the response on
building during earthquake. Zuo et al., 2004 [3] have
developed multi degree of freedom tuned mass damper. To
obtain the optimal solution experiments were conducted
sequentially to optimize the two degrees of freedom system.
TMD can be tuned to damp the first two flexural modes of a
free-free beam. Pinkaew et al., 2003 [4] have reported that
structure with tuned mass damper was less effective for
seismic damage reduction. Peter, 2006 [5] has discussed the
theoretical and experimental studies on tuned mass damper for
the seismic retrofitting of existing structures. Almazan et al.,
2007 [6] have observed that new bidirectional and
homogenous tuned mass dampers are very effective in
reducing the seismic response of structures. Marano et al.,
2007 [7] have proposed a linear tuned mass damper for
seismic control of structures by using constrained reliability
based on optimization technique. Further, Marano et al., 2010
[8] have investigated the optimum parameter of tuned mass
damper for minimization of displacement of the structure.
From the results it was concluded that the design variable
mass of the TMD considered was more capable compared to
the solutions obtained without it.
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Tuned Liquid Mass Dampers (TLDs): Tuned liquid mass
damper basically consists of liquid sloshing tanks and liquid
mass depth. Due to liquid sloshing, the damper response of
TLDs is highly nonlinear in nature and also frequency
dependent device. The effectiveness of TLD is increased by
using multiple tuned mass dampers (MTLDs) in which
number of liquid sloshing tanks are increased to reduce the
dynamic response of the structures. These MTLDs can be used
for high rise buildings to reduce the wind and earthquake
vibrations. Advantages of TLDs are low initial and
maintenance cost, easy to install as compared to TMDs. Fujino
et al., 1992 [9] have developed 2D rectangular model of the
tuned liquid damper (TLD) to reduce the dynamic response of
structures. Experiments were performed to make out the
characteristics of TLD and the interaction between the TLD
and structure using the shake table test with a harmonic
external loading. Chakraborty and Debbarma, 2011 [10] have
examined the uncertainty of the bounded system parameters to
study the optimum design of liquid column vibration absorber
(LCVA) for seismic vibration control of structures. The
LCVA is modeled as a SDOF system as shown in Fig.2 which
consists of stiffness of k0, mass of m0, structural damping c0,
length of horizontal portion Bh and length of vertical portion
Le, x (t) & y (t) are horizontal and vertical displacements and
b (t) base acceleration due to earthquake ground motion.
Results show that LCVA tends to reduce the level of
uncertainty. It was also observed that neglecting the effect of
system parameter uncertainty may overestimate the damper
performance.
Friction Dampers: Friction dampers are as shown in Fig. 4
(Pall et al., 1980 [11]) work based on the mechanism of solid
friction for dissipation of vibration energy. Mualla and
Borislav, 2002 [12] have investigated the performance of a
friction damper installed in a single storey steel frame
subjected to seismic loading. Experimental and numerical
results show that the friction damper can improve the dynamic
response of innovative structures as well as the existing
building compared to the conventional design. The
effectiveness of bidirectional frictional forces for the analysis
of piping system when subjected to earthquake ground motion
with friction supports was given by Jangid and Patil, 2009
[13]. The slotted bolt connection type friction damper was
investigated on the seismic retrofitting of the structure by
Robert Levy et al., 2001 [14]. The conceptual design of three
storey steel frame building of seismic retrofitting of existing
building using friction damper was investigated by Lee et al.,
2008 [15] and Tabeshpour & Ebrahimian, 2010 [16].
Metallic Dampers: First hysteretic dampers were
implemented by Skinner et al., 1980 [17] for seismic
protection of buildings. It was implemented to bridges and
base isolated buildings. Metallic dampers were made up of
mild steel plates as shown in Fig. 4 (Soong and Spencer, 2002
[18]). These devices dissipate energy through the inelastic
deformation of metals. Thus, the purpose of metallic damper
was increased in the dynamic response of structures and was
implemented in full scale structures. Curadelli and Riera,
2004 [19] have proposed the metallic damper for seismic
retrofitting of building frames based on reliability method.
Vargas, 2007 [20] has investigated metallic damper with a
viscous damper for reducing the dynamic response of single
degree of freedom system (SDOF). Gang and Hongnan, 2008
[21] have presented new metallic damper with dual functions
such as stiffness and seismic energy dissipation.
Fig.1 The primary structure with TMD system Fig. 2 The LCVA -SDOF system
(Chakraborty and Roy, 2011[1]) (Chakraborty and Debbarma, 2011 [10])
Viscoelastic Dampers: Viscoelastic damper as shown in Fig.
7 (Soong and Spencer, 2002 [18]) consists of viscoelastic
layers bonded with steel plates with viscous materials such as
co-polymers or glassy substances. The energy is dissipated in
the form of shear deformation when mounted on a structure
and they are highly dependent on ambient temperature and
frequency excitation. Diclelia and Mehta, 2007 [22] have
carried out parametric study of steel chevron braced frame
3. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology
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system equipped with and without viscoelastic damper when
subjected under seismic load. Choi and Kim
proposed new method of installing viscoelastic cables into
building for seismic control of structures. Chen et a
[24] have analytically studied the seismic performance of
wenchuan hospital structure using viscoelastic damper.
Fig. 3 A typical fluid viscous damper (Feng Qian et al.
[25])
Viscous Dampers: Viscous dampers works based on fluid
flow through orifices. Viscous damper is as shown in Fig.3
(Feng Qian et al., 2012 [25]) consisted viscous wall, piston
with a number of small orifices, cover filled with a silicon or
some liquid material like oil, through which the fluid pass
from one side of the piston to the other. Stefano et al.
[26] have manufactured the viscous damper and it
implemented in 3 storey building structure for seismic control
Fig. 4 Friction damper (Pall et al., 1980 [
Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs): Shape memory
special kind of materials capable of retaining their original
shape when heated at certain temperature. SMAs
in Fig.5 (Sun et al., 2012 [31]) have great potential
within the seismic resistant design and retrofit applications
due to following properties i.e. energy dissipation capabilities,
large elastic strain capacity, hysteretic damping, high and low
cycle fatigue resistance, re-centering capabilities and excellent
corrosion resistance property. Applications of shape memory
alloy in seismic control on structures like seismic
rehabilitation of bridge, and in civil engineering structures.
IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319
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2013, Available @ http://www.ijret.org
viscoelastic damper when
Choi and Kim, 2010 [23] have
proposed new method of installing viscoelastic cables into
Chen et al., 2010
ied the seismic performance of
enchuan hospital structure using viscoelastic damper.
(Feng Qian et al., 2012
Viscous dampers works based on fluid
is as shown in Fig.3
consisted viscous wall, piston
of small orifices, cover filled with a silicon or
ough which the fluid pass
Stefano et al., 2010
manufactured the viscous damper and it was
implemented in 3 storey building structure for seismic control
of structure with additional viscous damper.
[27] have proposed optimal viscous damper to reduce the
interstory displacement of steel building.
Elasto Plastic Damper or X Plate Dampers:
dampers are thin metallic plates of X or V shape. They consist
of single or group of plates
copper material having different thickness
of dissipating the energy of X plate damper is more effective
during the earthquake by absorbing input energy of the
structure. Satish Kumar et al., 2003 [
elastoplastic passive energy absorbing (PEA) devices as
shown in Fig.8 and carried out the experimental and analytical
studies to reduce large seismic deformation on pipelines
subjected to earthquake.
discussed about retrofitting of reinforced concrete (RCC)
structures by using elasto plastic damper (EPD) under seismic
loads. Pujari and Bakre, 2011 [
X- plate damper (XPD) for seismic response control of
structures. Dampers were
square shaped multistoried building. One building frame
considered was without XPD and one with XPDs in all bays
and time history analysis was carried out using SAP2000.
Numerical results show that the optimum location of
was found to be most effective in reducing the seismic
response of multistoried building.
et al., 1980 [11]) Fig. 5 SMA wire based device (Sun et al., 2012
Shape memory alloys are
special kind of materials capable of retaining their original
SMAs are as shown
have great potential for use
resistant design and retrofit applications
due to following properties i.e. energy dissipation capabilities,
large elastic strain capacity, hysteretic damping, high and low-
centering capabilities and excellent
Applications of shape memory
alloy in seismic control on structures like seismic
rehabilitation of bridge, and in civil engineering structures.
Baratta and Corbi, 2002 [
certainly improve the dynamic response c
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8
of structure with additional viscous damper. Attar et al., 2007
proposed optimal viscous damper to reduce the
interstory displacement of steel building.
Elasto Plastic Damper or X Plate Dampers: X plate
dampers are thin metallic plates of X or V shape. They consist
of single or group of plates and are made up of mild steel or
copper material having different thicknesses. The mechanism
of dissipating the energy of X plate damper is more effective
during the earthquake by absorbing input energy of the
structure. Satish Kumar et al., 2003 [28] have proposed an
elastoplastic passive energy absorbing (PEA) devices as
and carried out the experimental and analytical
studies to reduce large seismic deformation on pipelines when
Parulekar et al., 2009 [29] have
about retrofitting of reinforced concrete (RCC)
structures by using elasto plastic damper (EPD) under seismic
loads. Pujari and Bakre, 2011 [30] have studied the effect of
plate damper (XPD) for seismic response control of
structures. Dampers were located at 5 different places of
square shaped multistoried building. One building frame
considered was without XPD and one with XPDs in all bays
and time history analysis was carried out using SAP2000.
Numerical results show that the optimum location of XPDs
was found to be most effective in reducing the seismic
response of multistoried building.
(Sun et al., 2012 [31])
[32] have observed that SMA wires
certainly improve the dynamic response capacity of structures.
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All dimensions are in inches
Fig. 6 X-shaped metallic damper or ADAS (added damping and stiffness) devices
(Soong and Spencer, 2002 [18])
Saadat et al., 2002 [33] have studied the unique thermo
mechanical behavior of shape memory alloy and seismic
applications of NiTi Shape memory alloys. Han, 2003 [34] has
investigated a shape memory alloy wire based damper for
seismic control of structures using finite element method.
Justin et al., 2004 [35] have investigated the effectiveness of
shape memory alloy connecting steel beam- column. Results
show that energy dissipation from these connections is very
high after being subjected to cycles up to 4% drift level. Ocel
and Hurlebaus et al., 2010 [36] have given the overview of
pseudoelasticity effect and characteristics of shape memory
alloy and applications for passive, active and semi active
seismic control of civil structures. Song et al., 2006 [37] have
developed analytical models of concentrically braced frames
with superelastic shape memory alloy (SMA) braces to
evaluate the seismic performance of frames. The two chevrons
(inverted V) braced of three and six story buildings were
selected. The nonlinear dynamic time history analysis was
carried out using the open system for Earthquake Engineering
Simulation (OpenSEES) to determine the dynamic response of
braced frames. The results demonstrate that the SMA braces
are very effective compared to conventional methods. Jason et
al., 2007 [38] have investigated four different types of shape
memory alloy (SMA) dampers based on different
crystallographic phases of SMA to reduce structural damage
of the system during an earthquake. The different damper
systems were implemented in a given structure and the
behaviors of the systems were compared analytically with the
buckling restrained steel bracing system.
Fig. 7 Viscoelastic damper Fig. 8 Elasto plastic damper
(Soong and Spencer, 2002 [18]) (Satish Kumar et al., 2003[28])
Later, Motaharia et al., 2007 [39] have discussed the passive
energy dissipation systems and their modern applications for
seismic protection of structures. Charney et al., 2008 [40] have
developed the tension/compression device using NiTi shape
memory alloy. The designed elements were used as bracings
in the building for seismic response control on structures. The
proposed device showed good damping behavior to form the
basis for a Nitinol damping devices. The seismic performance
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of a sliding-type base isolation system was studied by
Matthew et al., 2009 [41] with the effect of temperature. A
multi-span continuous bridge was modeled with a steel-Teflon
sliding bearings and an SMA device. A multi-objective
genetic algorithm optimization process was considered to
obtain the design parameters of SMA device such as length
and cross sectional of NiTi wires. Neuro-fuzzy model was
used for simulating the superelastic behavior of NiTi shape
memory alloys. A time domain method was used to generate
the ground motion records for time history analysis of an
isolated bridge, for a given design spectrum. Chuang et al.,
2010 [42] and Mohamed Omar, 2011 [43] have investigated
the design and analysis of steel braced frame structures with
shape memory alloy braces for seismic control on structures.
Sun et al., 2012 [31] did a review on three different stimuli-
responsive SMMs, namely shape memory alloys (SMA),
shape memory polymers (SMP) and newly emerged shape
memory hybrids (SMHs) and also discussed their engineering
applications and implementation in engineering design and
practice.
CONCLUSIONS
Recently, use of seismic control systems has increased but
choosing best damper and installing it into a building is very
important for reducing vibration in structures when subjected
to seismic loading. The controlling devices reduce damage
significantly by increasing the structural safety, serviceability
and prevent the building from collapse during the earthquake.
Therefore many researches are being carried out to find the
best solution. This paper attempts to provide an overview of
different types of seismic response control devices, and
highlights some of the recent developments. The experimental
and analytical investigations carried out by various researchers
clearly demonstrate that the seismic control method has the
potential for improving the seismic performance of structures.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support received
from BARC, for carrying out this study.
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