Applications Of Clapping Switch
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This circuit uses basic electronic components like resistors, transistors, relays, transformers, and capacitors to turn devices like lights, fans, or radios on and off with hand claps. The circuit amplifies the sound of clapping using a transistor and switches a relay to power the device. It can run on 12V voltage from a step-down transformer and be used to save energy by turning devices on only when needed or for home security applications by detecting intruders.
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CLAP SWITCH
This document describes the design of a clap-activated switch circuit. The circuit uses a condenser microphone to pick up sound from clapping and converts it to electrical pulses. These pulses are amplified and used to drive integrated circuit components which change the output state to energize and de-energize a relay, allowing the circuit to switch larger devices. The output state will only change when the circuit receives two claps within a time period determined by the RC component value.
Clap switch
This document describes a clap switch circuit project submitted by four students. The circuit uses a microphone to detect clapping sounds, which are then amplified and used to toggle a light or other electrical device on and off. The circuit diagram and components are described, including transistors, capacitors, a transformer, and relay. The working principle is that clapping produces an electrical signal that changes the state of a bi-stable multivibrator flip-flop circuit, turning the light or device on or off with each clap. Potential applications include remotely operating lights or electronics for elderly or mobility-impaired individuals.
Clap switch
The document describes a clap switch, which is a switch that can turn an electrical circuit on or off through the detection of sound from clapping. It works by using a microphone to pick up the sound of clapping and converting it into an electrical signal, which is then amplified and used to trigger a flip-flop circuit connected to a relay to switch the circuit. The advantages are that it allows controlling devices remotely through sound and eliminates the need for manual switches, while the disadvantages are that clapping can be cumbersome and the circuit may activate to unwanted sounds without proper filtering.
clap switch project
This document describes a clap switch circuit that uses a condenser microphone to detect sound and trigger a transistor and 555 timer IC to turn an LED on or off. When sound is detected near the microphone, it is converted to electrical energy, turning the transistor on which then triggers the 555 IC. This allows electrical devices to be controlled remotely just by clapping. Potential applications include remotely controlling lights, TVs, or radios from across a room without needing to get out of bed. The major advantage is convenience, while the main disadvantage is it may activate on any loud sound.
Clap Switch
This circuit works on the principle of sound. Basic electronic components are use to make this circuit.
www.howledge.blogspot.com
Clap switch
This document describes a mini project on a clap switch circuit. The circuit uses a microphone to detect the sound of clapping and triggers a transistor circuit to turn a light on or off. It consists of an audio amplifier to amplify the sound signal from the microphone. A flip-flop circuit with two transistors changes state each time a clap is detected to control a heavier transistor that switches the light. The circuit works with a 9V battery and has applications for assisting elderly or disabled individuals to remotely control lights or devices through clapping.
Clap
This document describes a clap switch circuit that uses the sound of clapping to turn electrical components on and off. The circuit contains a condenser microphone that detects sound and converts it to an electrical signal, two transistors that amplify the signal, and a 555 timer chip that generates pulses to power an LED when clapping is detected. The circuit demonstrates how sound energy can be converted to electrical energy to remotely control devices without the need for an on/off switch. Potential applications include using the circuit to turn on lights, fans, or other appliances with a clap.
Clap switch by ajay & vinod
This document describes a clap switch, which allows electrical circuits to be turned on and off through sound such as clapping. It works by using a microphone to convert sound into electrical signals, which are then amplified and used to trigger a bistable multivibrator circuit. This switches the relay on or off, activating the connected load. The circuit diagram and components like the transformer, transistors, and capacitors are explained. Advantages include simple operation and energy efficiency, while disadvantages are the use of a transformer increasing cost. Potential applications include remotely controlling lights, TVs, radios, and other electronics through clapping.
Recommended
CLAP SWITCH
This document describes the design of a clap-activated switch circuit. The circuit uses a condenser microphone to pick up sound from clapping and converts it to electrical pulses. These pulses are amplified and used to drive integrated circuit components which change the output state to energize and de-energize a relay, allowing the circuit to switch larger devices. The output state will only change when the circuit receives two claps within a time period determined by the RC component value.
Clap switch
This document describes a clap switch circuit project submitted by four students. The circuit uses a microphone to detect clapping sounds, which are then amplified and used to toggle a light or other electrical device on and off. The circuit diagram and components are described, including transistors, capacitors, a transformer, and relay. The working principle is that clapping produces an electrical signal that changes the state of a bi-stable multivibrator flip-flop circuit, turning the light or device on or off with each clap. Potential applications include remotely operating lights or electronics for elderly or mobility-impaired individuals.
Clap switch
The document describes a clap switch, which is a switch that can turn an electrical circuit on or off through the detection of sound from clapping. It works by using a microphone to pick up the sound of clapping and converting it into an electrical signal, which is then amplified and used to trigger a flip-flop circuit connected to a relay to switch the circuit. The advantages are that it allows controlling devices remotely through sound and eliminates the need for manual switches, while the disadvantages are that clapping can be cumbersome and the circuit may activate to unwanted sounds without proper filtering.
clap switch project
This document describes a clap switch circuit that uses a condenser microphone to detect sound and trigger a transistor and 555 timer IC to turn an LED on or off. When sound is detected near the microphone, it is converted to electrical energy, turning the transistor on which then triggers the 555 IC. This allows electrical devices to be controlled remotely just by clapping. Potential applications include remotely controlling lights, TVs, or radios from across a room without needing to get out of bed. The major advantage is convenience, while the main disadvantage is it may activate on any loud sound.
Clap Switch
This circuit works on the principle of sound. Basic electronic components are use to make this circuit.
www.howledge.blogspot.com
Clap switch
This document describes a mini project on a clap switch circuit. The circuit uses a microphone to detect the sound of clapping and triggers a transistor circuit to turn a light on or off. It consists of an audio amplifier to amplify the sound signal from the microphone. A flip-flop circuit with two transistors changes state each time a clap is detected to control a heavier transistor that switches the light. The circuit works with a 9V battery and has applications for assisting elderly or disabled individuals to remotely control lights or devices through clapping.
Clap
This document describes a clap switch circuit that uses the sound of clapping to turn electrical components on and off. The circuit contains a condenser microphone that detects sound and converts it to an electrical signal, two transistors that amplify the signal, and a 555 timer chip that generates pulses to power an LED when clapping is detected. The circuit demonstrates how sound energy can be converted to electrical energy to remotely control devices without the need for an on/off switch. Potential applications include using the circuit to turn on lights, fans, or other appliances with a clap.
Clap switch by ajay & vinod
This document describes a clap switch, which allows electrical circuits to be turned on and off through sound such as clapping. It works by using a microphone to convert sound into electrical signals, which are then amplified and used to trigger a bistable multivibrator circuit. This switches the relay on or off, activating the connected load. The circuit diagram and components like the transformer, transistors, and capacitors are explained. Advantages include simple operation and energy efficiency, while disadvantages are the use of a transformer increasing cost. Potential applications include remotely controlling lights, TVs, radios, and other electronics through clapping.
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This project aims to create a "Clap On Clap Off" switch circuit for home automation using a condenser microphone, 555 timer IC, D-flip flop, LED, and other basic electronic components. The circuit works by using the microphone to detect clapping sounds and convert them to electrical signals that trigger the 555 timer, acting as a clock pulse for the D-flip flop. This allows the LED to be turned on with the first clap and off with the second clap, functioning as a switch controlled by hand clapping. The total cost of components for the circuit was estimated to be around 247 Taka.
Clap switch
My new upload !!! --> http://www.slideshare.net/choleraparth91/smart-vehicle-ensuring-safe-ride-using-accerolometer-laser-sensor-co-sensor-and-also-with-use-of-gsm-modem-and-solar-panel
Contact & follow me to get PDF & PPT file - https://www.linkedin.com/in/parthcholera/
Email me directly if you want these file !!
choleraparth91@yahoo.com
or
contact me on fb - https://www.facebook.com/choleraparth91
or
https://www.facebook.com/Textivity
or
message me on - 08097508067
I suggest to go for these project !!! :D :D
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The document describes a clap switch, which uses a microphone to detect the sound of clapping and convert it into an electrical signal. This signal is amplified by transistors and used to power a relay that switches electrical circuits on or off, allowing loads to be controlled remotely through clapping or other sounds. It is a low-cost and energy efficient way to control appliances without physical switches but could be triggered accidentally by other noises.
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Clapswitch 130825050326-phpapp01 (1)
The document describes a clap switch circuit that uses a microphone to detect sound like clapping and convert it into an electrical signal. The signal is amplified using transistors and can be used to switch electrical circuits on and off, allowing devices to be controlled without physically touching a switch. The primary application is for elderly or mobility-impaired individuals to remotely control lights, TVs, or other devices from their bed by simply clapping their hands.
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This handy, it can be used to prevent use of mobile phones in examination halls, confidential rooms and, etc. It is also useful for detecting the use of mobile phone for Spying and unauthorized video transmission. The circuit can detect the incoming calls pocket-size mobile transmission detector or sniffer can sense the presence of an activated mobile cell phone from a distance of one and-a-half meters. So and also outgoing calls, SMS and video transmissions even if the mobile phone is kept in the silent mode. The moment the Bug detects RF transmission signal from an activated mobile phone, it starts sounding a beep alarm and the LED blinks. The alarm continues until the signal transmission ceases. The capacitor C3 should have a lead length of 18 mm with lead spacing of 8 mm. we have to carefully solder the capacitor in standing position with equal spacing of the leads. The response can be optimized by trimming the lead length of C3 for the desired frequency. We are using a short telescopic type antenna. The unit will give the warning indication if someone uses Mobile phone within a radius of 1.5 meters.
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This document describes the design of a water level alarm indicator circuit. The circuit uses an NE555 timer IC, resistors, capacitors, a buzzer, and a 12V battery. It functions as an astable multivibrator where the operating frequency depends on the water level between two probes - no water means no connection and no beeping, water connecting the probes completes the circuit and causes beeping. The circuit provides a simple and low-cost way to audibly alert when water in a tank reaches a certain level.
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This document proposes a circuit design for a water level indicator that uses transistors and LEDs/buzzer to detect and indicate four different water levels in a tank. When the water reaches each level, the corresponding LED or buzzer is activated to provide a visual or audible alert. The circuit works by using the water as a conductor to provide voltage to the base of each transistor, turning it on and completing the circuit for the LED or buzzer at that level. The design aims to prevent water waste and optimize water usage.
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This document describes a student project to create a water level controller circuit. It includes an introduction explaining that the circuit will indicate the water level in an overhead tank and provide an alarm when the tank is full. The circuit components are listed as LEDs, resistors, transistors, a buzzer, and a battery. A diagram shows how the circuit works, with different LEDs lighting up to indicate the water level. The project aims to prevent water wastage and overflow issues. It provides automatic monitoring of the water level with low maintenance.
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This document provides an overview of an anti-sleep alarm circuit project. It includes a circuit diagram, descriptions of the main components used including an IC555 timer, relay, push button switch, buzzer, resistor, capacitor, transistor and diode. It describes the power supply, including the transformer, rectifier and filter. It explains how the circuit operates to sound an alarm after a set time interval if the push button is not pressed. The conclusion states that the circuit can be used to automatically switch home appliances on and off to save time and electricity.
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This project aims to create a "Clap On Clap Off" switch circuit for home automation using a condenser microphone, 555 timer IC, D-flip flop, LED, and other basic electronic components. The circuit works by using the microphone to detect clapping sounds and convert them to electrical signals that trigger the 555 timer, acting as a clock pulse for the D-flip flop. This allows the LED to be turned on with the first clap and off with the second clap, functioning as a switch controlled by hand clapping. The total cost of components for the circuit was estimated to be around 247 Taka.
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My new upload !!! --> http://www.slideshare.net/choleraparth91/smart-vehicle-ensuring-safe-ride-using-accerolometer-laser-sensor-co-sensor-and-also-with-use-of-gsm-modem-and-solar-panel
Contact & follow me to get PDF & PPT file - https://www.linkedin.com/in/parthcholera/
Email me directly if you want these file !!
choleraparth91@yahoo.com
or
contact me on fb - https://www.facebook.com/choleraparth91
or
https://www.facebook.com/Textivity
or
message me on - 08097508067
I suggest to go for these project !!! :D :D
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The presentation tells you about the Switch witch turn on and turns off automatically with a sound of clap or whitsle.
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This is a project presentation for our electronics lab .The name of our project is cell phone detector.
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A temperature controller is a device that monitors the temperature of a system using a sensor and compares it to a set point. If the temperature deviates from the set point, the controller performs calculations to control a heater or other equipment to regulate the temperature. The document describes a temperature controller circuit that uses a thyristor, thermostat, diode bridge rectifier, and capacitor to allow current to flow through a heater when the temperature drops below the set point in order to heat the system back up. Temperature controllers are commonly used to control engine temperature, cooling systems, chemical processes, and more.
Clap switch
The document describes a clap switch, which uses a microphone to detect the sound of clapping and convert it into an electrical signal. This signal is amplified by transistors and used to power a relay that switches electrical circuits on or off, allowing loads to be controlled remotely through clapping or other sounds. It is a low-cost and energy efficient way to control appliances without physical switches but could be triggered accidentally by other noises.
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The document discusses smart sensors, providing details on their architecture, fabrication, advantages, disadvantages and applications. Some key points:
- Smart sensors integrate a sensor, analog/digital converter, processor and communication interface on a single chip, allowing them to process and communicate sensor data.
- The basic architecture includes a sensing element, amplifier, ADC, memory, processor and communication components. Fabrication uses techniques like micro-machining and bonding.
- Advantages are reduced system load and faster operation. Applications include industrial monitoring, automotive controls, biomedical devices, and smart dust networks of tiny sensors. Disadvantages include higher initial costs and issues with mixing old and new devices.
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This document describes a cell phone detector circuit that uses a CA3130 IC and 0.22 μF capacitor to sense radio frequency signals from activated cell phones within 1.5 meters. When the circuit detects an RF signal, the capacitor releases energy to the IC, causing the output to go high and the LED to blink until the signal ceases. The detector can find use in places where cell phones should be silenced like exam halls, hospitals, and courts.
projectreport on bicycle lock
This document describes an electronic bicycle lock circuit that uses a tone generator integrated circuit and other components to create an alarm if the security loop connecting the two input jacks is broken. The circuit is powered by a 9V battery and includes a key lock switch and other passive components. When assembled on a PCB and housed in an enclosure, it can be mounted on a bicycle to replace an existing lock and prevent theft. The electronic bicycle lock provides security with optional cable length and is easy to use.
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Recently more & more hearing impaired people started using sign language. There are about 70 million people in the whole World that are not able to speak (dumb). A dumb person makes communication with other people using their motion of the hand or expressions. . Sign language helps the dumb people to make communication like normal people. The sign language translator which has been already developed uses a glove fitted with sensors that can interpret the 16 English letters in American Sign Language (ASL). Accelerometers and flex sensors are used in this system which increases its overall cost. We proposed a solution as a prototype called as “smart glove-for speech impaired people” which will translate sign language into text. It will help dump and deaf people to express their thoughts in more convenient way. As a sign language we have used traditional finger movements with contact switch wrapped around the user’s fingers. An IR transmitter receiver pair, HT12E and HT12D IC and, Arduino (Micro Controller) board helps transmitting data to PC. Moreover, use of contact switches reduces the system’s overall cost.
Keywords: - Arduino, HT12E IC & HT12D IC, IR transmitter receiver, contact switch.
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This document describes a fingerprint-based security system using an Arduino Uno microcontroller and fingerprint sensor module. It provides an introduction to fingerprint biometrics and explains the components of the system, including how fingerprints are captured and matched. The system is capable of enrollment and verification of fingerprints to control access and will trigger different outputs like a buzzer or motor depending on if a match is found or not. Potential applications of this technology include security systems, employee verification, and border control.
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The document describes a clap switch circuit that uses a microphone to detect sound like clapping and convert it into an electrical signal. The signal is amplified using transistors and can be used to switch electrical circuits on and off, allowing devices to be controlled without physically touching a switch. The primary application is for elderly or mobility-impaired individuals to remotely control lights, TVs, or other devices from their bed by simply clapping their hands.
MINI PROJECT ON CELLPHONE DETECTOR
This handy, it can be used to prevent use of mobile phones in examination halls, confidential rooms and, etc. It is also useful for detecting the use of mobile phone for Spying and unauthorized video transmission. The circuit can detect the incoming calls pocket-size mobile transmission detector or sniffer can sense the presence of an activated mobile cell phone from a distance of one and-a-half meters. So and also outgoing calls, SMS and video transmissions even if the mobile phone is kept in the silent mode. The moment the Bug detects RF transmission signal from an activated mobile phone, it starts sounding a beep alarm and the LED blinks. The alarm continues until the signal transmission ceases. The capacitor C3 should have a lead length of 18 mm with lead spacing of 8 mm. we have to carefully solder the capacitor in standing position with equal spacing of the leads. The response can be optimized by trimming the lead length of C3 for the desired frequency. We are using a short telescopic type antenna. The unit will give the warning indication if someone uses Mobile phone within a radius of 1.5 meters.
water level indicator alarm
This document describes the design of a water level alarm indicator circuit. The circuit uses an NE555 timer IC, resistors, capacitors, a buzzer, and a 12V battery. It functions as an astable multivibrator where the operating frequency depends on the water level between two probes - no water means no connection and no beeping, water connecting the probes completes the circuit and causes beeping. The circuit provides a simple and low-cost way to audibly alert when water in a tank reaches a certain level.
AUTOMATIC RAIN ALARM SENSOR/ CONTINUITY TESTER
Rain Alarm Project is a simple but very useful project that detects Rain (Rain Water) and automatically triggers an alarm or buzzer. Water is a basic need in every one’s life. Saving water and proper usage of water is very important. Here is an easy project which will give the alarm when there is rain, so that we can make some actions for rain water harvesting and also save the rain water for using it later. With the help of saving this rain water through rain water harvesting, we can increase the levels of underground water by using underwater recharge technique. Rain water detector will detect the rain and make an alert; rain water detector is used in the irrigation field, home automation, communication, automobiles etc. Here is the simple and reliable circuit of rain water detector which can be constructed at low cost.
Water Level Indicator Project Presentation
This document presents a water level indicator circuit project. The circuit uses electrodes placed at different levels in a water tank connected to an Arduino. As the water level rises and makes contact with the electrodes, LEDs will light up to indicate the water level. Additionally, a buzzer will sound when the tank becomes full to provide an alarm. The document discusses the components used including electrodes, LEDs, resistors, transistors, buzzers, and a printed circuit board. It provides diagrams of the circuit and explanations of how each component works and is connected to indicate the water level and provide an alarm function.
Water level indicator
A water detector is an electronicdevice that is designed to detect the presence of water and provide an alert in time to allow the prevention of water damage.
Water level indicator alarm
This document proposes a circuit design for a water level indicator that uses transistors and LEDs/buzzer to detect and indicate four different water levels in a tank. When the water reaches each level, the corresponding LED or buzzer is activated to provide a visual or audible alert. The circuit works by using the water as a conductor to provide voltage to the base of each transistor, turning it on and completing the circuit for the LED or buzzer at that level. The design aims to prevent water waste and optimize water usage.
WATER LEVEL CONTROLLER
This document describes a student project to create a water level controller circuit. It includes an introduction explaining that the circuit will indicate the water level in an overhead tank and provide an alarm when the tank is full. The circuit components are listed as LEDs, resistors, transistors, a buzzer, and a battery. A diagram shows how the circuit works, with different LEDs lighting up to indicate the water level. The project aims to prevent water wastage and overflow issues. It provides automatic monitoring of the water level with low maintenance.
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This document describes the design of a clap-activated switch circuit. The circuit uses a microphone to detect clapping sounds and convert them to electrical signals. These signals are amplified and used to trigger a timer integrated circuit (IC). The timer IC is configured as a monostable multivibrator and its output drives a decade counter IC that acts as a bistable switch to turn a relay on or off. The relay then switches power to an electrical device. The circuit only changes the output state when two claps are detected within a set time period determined by a resistor-capacitor component. The circuit provides a simple way to remotely control devices through hand clapping without risk of accidental triggering.
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The document describes a remote control system for regulating home appliances using a TV remote. It contains sections on the introduction, block diagram, working principle, circuit diagram, components, and applications. The system works by using an IR receiver module to receive signals from the remote control. These signals are processed by a 555 timer and CD4017 decade counter IC to control the speed of a fan by varying the firing angle of a triac. The remote control provides a simple, affordable, and reliable way to remotely control appliances like fans and lights from a distance.
Led chaser
This circuit uses two ICs, including a 555 timer IC, to create a simple LED chaser. The 555 timer IC is configured as an astable multivibrator to generate pulses that drive a Johnson decade counter IC. The counter IC sequentially lights up the LEDs such that each LED remains on for 1 second before the next one turns on, creating a running light effect. A variable resistor can be adjusted to control the speed of the LED chasing by changing the frequency of the pulses from the 555 timer.
Sensitive switch
This document describes a mini project report on a sensitive switch circuit. The circuit uses a 555 timer in monostable mode that is triggered by a touch plate. When triggered, the 555 output drives a relay for a fixed time to switch on a load. The circuit was built by four students for their Bachelor of Engineering degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering under the guidance of their professor. The circuit design, components, working, advantages, PCB design, and results are documented in the report.
Automatic control of street light using LDR
Many of the people have a phobia of darkness, so to assist them in such situation, we have explained a simple circuit. It will automatically turn on street light in the way of LEDs or bulb coupled with relay. Working this circuit is very much easy and also the power consumed by the circuit is very low because of the very few components used in the circuit.
Randeep.pptx
The document describes building a 5V regulated DC power supply using a breadboard and various electronic components. It discusses the components used including a transformer, bridge rectifier, capacitor, voltage regulator IC, LED light, and load resistor. It provides circuit diagrams and explains the procedure to connect the components and measure the voltages at different points in the circuit. The goal is to design a basic 5V regulated power supply and measurements show the voltage is regulated to around 5V as desired.
SELF SWITCHING POWER SUPLLY
This document describes a self-switching power supply project submitted by three students. The power supply uses a transformer, rectifier, filter, voltage regulator, relay, and transistors to provide a variable regulated output voltage from 3.7V to 8.7V. It also automatically switches off when no load is connected to save energy. The circuit works by using a transistor-capacitor combination that cuts off power when the load is removed after the capacitor discharges. The power supply has applications in powering electronic equipment and circuits.
Electrical Installations, MCB, MCCB, ELCB
The document discusses various components of low voltage switchgear including switch fuse units (SFU), miniature circuit breakers (MCB), earth leakage circuit breakers (ELCB), and molded case circuit breakers (MCCB). It describes the components, working principles, advantages, and applications of each type of switchgear. Safety precautions for electrical work and first aid for electric shocks are also briefly mentioned.
IRJET- Intelligent Power Emulator
This document describes an intelligent power emulator module that allows testing of various power converters on a single integrated device. Key features of the proposed module include:
- Housing various converter circuits like rectifiers, buck converters, and inverters along with a driver circuit, protective devices, sensors, and microcontroller on one module.
- Incorporating a digital storage oscilloscope to monitor and analyze output waveforms without occupying additional space.
- Utilizing less space compared to conventional setups that require separate modules for testing individual converters.
IRJET- Intelligent Power Emulator
This document describes an intelligent power emulator module that allows testing of various power converters on a single integrated device. Key features of the proposed module include:
- Housing various converter circuits, driver circuits, protective devices, sensors, and a microcontroller on one module to save space compared to testing converters individually.
- Using a transformer with multiple outputs as the driver circuit and a rectifier IC to provide constant DC voltage to switches in the module.
- Incorporating a digital storage oscilloscope within the module to monitor and analyze output waveforms without occupying additional space.
- Implementing rotary switches and patch cords on the module to easily configure different converter circuit connections and test various operating conditions in a compact
Invisible broken wire detector
INVISIBLE BROKEN WIRE DETECTOR PROJECT REPORT
PRESENTED BY,
RITESH PATIL
APURVA NEMADE
DARSHAN PATIL
BHH POWER PLANT ppt.pptx
early 1871 Belgian inventor Zénobe Gramme invented a generator powerful enough to produce power on a commercial scale for industry.[1]
In 1878, a hydroelectric power station was designed and built by William, Lord Armstrong at Cragside, England. It used water from lakes on his estate to power Siemens dynamos. The electricity supplied power to lights, heating, produced hot water, ran an elevator as well as labor-saving devices and farm buildings.[2]
In January 1882 the world's first public coal-fired power station, the Edison Electric Light Station, was built in London, a project of Thomas Edison organized by Edward Johnson. A Babcock & Wilcox boiler powered a 93 kW (125 horsepower) steam engine that drove a 27-tonne (27-long-ton) generator. This supplied electricity to premises in the area that could be reached through the culverts of the viaduct without digging up the road, which was the monopoly of the gas companies. The customers included the City Temple and the Old Bailey. Another important customer was the Telegraph Office of the General Post Office, but this could not be reached through the culverts. Johnson arranged for the supply cable to be run overhead, via Holborn Tavern and Newgate.[3]
In September 1882 in New York, the Pearl Street Station was established by Edison to provide electric lighting in the lower Manhattan Island area. The station ran until destroyed by fire in 1890. The station used reciprocating steam engines to turn direct-current generators. Because of the DC distribution, the service area was small, limited by voltage drop in the feeders. In 1886 George Westinghouse began building an alternating current system that used a transformer to step up voltage for long-distance transmission and then stepped it back down for indoor lighting, a more efficient and less expensive system which is similar to modern systems. The war of the currents eventually resolved in favor of AC distribution and utilization, although some DC systems persisted to the end of the 20th century. DC systems with a service radius of a mile (kilometer) or so were necessarily smaller, less efficient of fuel consumption, and more labor-intensive to operate than much larger central AC generating stations.early 1871 Belgian inventor Zénobe Gramme invented a generator powerful enough to produce power on a commercial scale for industry.[1]
In 1878, a hydroelectric power station was designed and built by William, Lord Armstrong at Cragside, England. It used water from lakes on his estate to power Siemens dynamos. The electricity supplied power to lights, heating, produced hot water, ran an elevator as well as labor-saving devices and farm buildings.[2]
In January 1882 the world's first public coal-fired power station, the Edison Electric Light Station, was built in London, a project of Thomas Edison organized by Edward Johnson. A Babcock & Wilcox boiler powered a 93 kW (125 horsepower) steam engine that drove a 27-tonne (27-long-ton) generator. This supplk
automatic light control at night ppt by Shubhan raj
This document presents a project on an automatic light control circuit that can switch lights on and off without manual operation based on ambient light levels. The circuit uses an LDR sensor to detect light intensity and control a relay driver IC and relay to power the lights. It includes sections describing the hardware requirements, circuit diagram, components, simulation, PCB layout, advantages, and conclusions. The system is intended to automatically control lights to save electricity while requiring minimal maintenance.
Similar to Applications Of Clapping Switch (20)
ON/OFF CONTROL OF ARTIFICIAL LIGHTS BASED ON SUNLIGHT AVAILIBILITY
ON/OFF CONTROL OF ARTIFICIAL LIGHTS BASED ON SUNLIGHT AVAILIBILITY
automatic light control at night ppt by Shubhan raj
automatic light control at night ppt by Shubhan raj
Applications Of Clapping Switch
- 1. APPLICATIONS 1)This circuit can switch on and off light a fan or a radio etc;by the sound of a clap This circuit is constructed using basic electronic component like resistor transistor relay transformer capacitor .This circuit turns on light for the first clap . the light turns on till the next clap .for the next clap turns off this circuit works with 12v voltage . therefore a step-cown transformer 12v/300ma is employed. The working of the circuit is based on amplifying nature of the transistor . switching the nature of transistor and relay as an electronic switch. 2) What are the different uses of clap switch? it can be used in the case of saving power and time . If we modify this circuit we can use it for security purpose also. Clap Switch Circuit Summary: If you wish to “ON” and “OFF” the device without a penny shifting from your space then this circuit is helpful for you. One more plus point of this circuit is that there is no fear of the electrical shocks as you are not required to touch any of the mechanical switches physically. Visual indication of the devices is also provided to you. With the help of this circuit, speed of the fan can also be controlled by connecting regulator with individual outputs. Clap Switch Circuit Description: Along with some of the other components, this circuit is mainly based on the two ICs i.e. NE555 timer. IC 555 timer in this circuit is wired like a monostable oscillator. For this circuit, IC NE555 monostable produces a clock pulse, which is used to give an oscillating wave at IC1 pin 3 which is an output pin. Monostable (or you can say one shot multivibrator) contains only one steady state and all we need is to trigger it externally to return it in reverse direction to its original state.