Ape to man
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This document discusses human posture evolution from four-legged ancestors to modern two-legged humans. It covers how upright posture developed over millions of years, allowing for traits like throwing, carrying and an enlarged brain. While bipedalism provided advantages, it also introduced challenges like lower back problems. The document outlines ideal spinal and body alignment for good posture and how this impacts health, strength, flexibility and movement. It concludes by previewing a second session on observing common movement problems and examples of good and poor movements like walking, squatting and rotating.
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This document provides a study guide for the muscular system chapter. It outlines the three main types of muscle tissue - skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle - and their locations and functions. Skeletal muscle structure and function are described in detail, including motor units, the sarcomere, and different types of contractions. The effects of exercise and disuse on muscles are explained. Finally, the major skeletal muscle groups of the body are listed along with examples of muscles in each group and their actions.
1586439085KINESIOLOGY_SHS_306_LECTURE_MODULE_3.ppt
Good posture is difficult to define but generally refers to the alignment of body parts supported by the right amount of muscle tension. Proper posture keeps all body parts balanced and supported. Some key aspects of proper posture include maintaining the spine's natural curves, having the head held straight and shoulders level, and allowing for a straight line from ear to shoulder to hip to ankle. Poor posture can cause health issues by placing strain on joints and muscles.
Why we need to know ABOUT MUSCLES, PHYSIOTHERAPIST KNOW MUSCLES
The document discusses the functions and characteristics of muscles in the human body. It notes that muscles make up 40% of total body weight and describes some key facts about specific muscles, such as the heart being the hardest working muscle and the gluteus maximus being the largest muscle. It then outlines 11 main functions of the muscular system, including mobility, stability, posture, circulation, respiration, digestion, urination, childbirth, vision, organ protection, and temperature regulation.
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The document discusses joints and muscles in the human body. It describes the three main types of joints - fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial - and focuses on synovial joints, naming the six types: ball-and-socket, hinge, pivot, saddle, condyloid, and gliding. It provides examples of joints for each type and explains their movements. The document also outlines the three main types of muscles - smooth, cardiac, and skeletal - and describes their functions, locations, and voluntary vs involuntary control.
Science of Yoga - Physiotherapy - Dr Rohit Bhaskar
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The document summarizes a presentation given by Dr. Mark McKean on using seven common movements as a screening tool to assess physical literacy and movement competency in children. It discusses research showing declining physical activity and rising obesity in Australian children. The presentation outlines a study that tested over 1,200 primary school children on seven fundamental movements and their relationship to physical activity, BMI, and motor skills. Preliminary results showed lower movement scores correlated with less daily activity. An intervention integrating movement into the school day improved test scores and classroom behavior over one year. The research aims to develop quantifiable measures of physical literacy and identify ways to improve movement competency from childhood.
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Ape to man
- 1. RESEARCH Dr. Mark McKean PhD POSTURE & MOVEMENT FROM 4 LEGS TO 2 RESEARCH
- 2. WHAT YOU WILL LEARN SESSION 1 Evolution of posture Correct alignment for posture Why we need good posture Muscle Balance
- 3. EVOLUTION OF POSTUREEVOLUTION OF POSTURE
- 4. APE TO MAN
- 5. DISTANT RELATIVES Upright posture may date back as far as 4.4 million years ago Footprints preserved in hardened volcanic ash datedFootprints preserved in hardened volcanic ash dated 3.6 million years in Tanzania Homo sapiens started evolving 500,000 years ago Intellectual capacity caused brain to enlarge which allowed us to climb, lift, carry, throw, and dig Female pelvis evolved to allow larger diameter heads
- 6. WHO IS STRONGER? Lumbar spine is straight in gorillas who can only lift just over half their body weight Curved in humans who can lift/absorb 3.3 timesCurved in humans who can lift/absorb 3.3 times bodyweight
- 7. Walking upright requires less effort and was faster Changes started to occur eg.Changes started to occur eg. Hip bones broader and shorter for larger attachment of gluteals for better hip extension and longer limbs Hip flexors and extensors evolved and added compressive stress to lumbar discs Lumbar vertebra changed
- 8. Not all evolutionary changes are positive Fallen arches – lower limb muscle weakness Disc problems of lower backDisc problems of lower back Low back pain – lumbar arch instability
- 9. POOR POSTURAL HABITS From there to where?
- 10. FEMALE EVOLUTION
- 11. IDEAL ALIGNMENT FOR POSTUREIDEAL ALIGNMENT FOR POSTURE
- 12. SIDEWAYS Meaty part of ear lobe Cervical vertebrae Lumbar vertebrae Just behind hip joint centre Just in front of knee joint centre Just in front of ankle joint centre
- 13. FRONT ON Centre of head Centre of all vertebrae Centre of hips Between legs evenly Centre of feet
- 14. FEET Role of the arches Provide base of support Influence position of legs and hips
- 15. KNEES Absorb stress from poor foot alignment Adjust to fit with hips
- 16. HIPS
- 17. SPINE
- 18. SPINE
- 20. SQUARE SHOULDERS
- 21. HEAD
- 22. WHY WE NEED GOOD POSTUREWHY WE NEED GOOD POSTURE
- 23. HEALTH Good posture improves Digestion – less congestion in abdominal cavity and nerve functionand nerve function Breathing – greater lung capacity and mobile rib cage Concentration – more blood flow to brain and return Heart health – more space in cavity and better blood flow from circulation
- 24. STRENGTH Muscles move easier in chains Nerve messages more effective Normal length and tension in muscles Body coordinates segments more efficiently
- 25. FLEXIBILITY Muscles work in groups and not in isolation Less tension in muscles that hold you upright Fascia and connective tissue more able to stretch
- 26. MOVEMENT Joint work better together Looks smoother Moves easier More fluid
- 27. WHAT YOU WILL LEARN SESSION 2 Watch people move Seeing movement problems Walking Squatting and lunging Rotation
- 28. HOW PEOPLE MOVEHOW PEOPLE MOVE
- 30. POOR MOVEMENTS John Wayne Marilyn Monroe
- 31. MOVEMENT PROBLEMS Shortened actions Compensations before moving Compensations after movement Poor stability Poor flexibility
- 32. WALKING
- 33. SQUATTING
- 35. LUNGING
- 36. ROTATING
- 37. MARK MCKEAN PHDMARK MCKEAN PHD Post Doctoral Research Fellow Australian Institute of Fitness Research University of Sunshine Coast mmckean@usc.edu.au