Psychosis:  abnormal condition of the mind.

1. M.K.Munde
Mcpl, Moshi

2.  Psychosis: abnormal condition of the
mind.
 Signs and symptoms
• Hallucinations
• Delusions
• Thought disorder
• Lack of insight

3.  What are antipsychotis?
 Neuroleptic drugs
 The term antipsychotic is applied to a
group of drugs used to treat psychosis.

4.  Classification
1.Phenothiazines
Chlorpromazine, Thioridazine, Fluphenazine
2.Butyrophenones
Haloperidol , Penfluridol
3.Thioxanthines
Thiothixene
4. Atypical neuroleptics
Clozapine, Olanzapine, Risperidone
5. Other Heterocyclics
Reserpine, Loxapine

5. Phenothiazine antipsychotics are classified into three groups
that differ with respect to the substituent on nitrogen:
1.The aliphatic compounds
2.The "piperidines“
2.The piperazine
1.Phenothiazines

6. Aliphatic compounds
Primarily used to treat psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia.
Other uses include the treatment of bipolar disorder, severe
behavioural problems in children including those with hyperactivity
disorder, nausea and vomiting, anxiety before surgery.
Chlorpromazine Triflupromazine Levomepromazine
Levomepromazine is a low-potency antipsychotic with
strong analgesic, hypnotic and antiemetic properties.
levomepromazine is a "dirty drug” it exerts its effects by blocking a
variety of receptors, including adrenergic receptors, dopamine
receptors, histamine receptors, muscarinic acetylcholine
receptors and serotonin receptors.

7. Piperidines compounds
Mesoridazine
It is used in the treatment of schizophrenia
It has central antiadrenergic, antidopaminergic,
antiserotonergic and weak muscarinic
anticholinergic effects.
It is a first
generation antipsychotic drug belonging to
the phenothiazine drug group and was
previously widely used in the treatment
of schizophrenia and psychosis.
Thioridazine

8. Piperazines compounds
Fluphenazine
It is used in the treatment of
chronic psychoses such as schizophrenia.
It is given by mouth, injection into a
muscle, or just under the skin.
Fluphenazine decanoate, the depot
injection form of fluphenazine, should not
be used by people with severe depression
Perphenazine
Perphenazine is a typical antipsychotic drug.
Chemically, it is classified as a
piperazinyl phenothiazine.
Perphenazine is roughly ten times as potent
as chlorpromazine at the dopamine-2 (D2)
receptor

9. Prochlorperazine
Used to treat nausea, schizophrenia, migraines,
and anxiety.
It is a less preferred medication for anxiety.
It is a typical antipsychotic primarily
used to treat schizophrenia.
It may also be used short term in those
with generalized anxiety disorder but is
less preferred to benzodiazepines.
Trifluoperazine

10. 2.Butyrophenones
Butyrophenone is a chemical compound; some of its
derivatives are used to treat various psychiatric disorders
such as schizophrenia, as well as acting as antiemetics.
Haloperidol
Butyrophenone
Benperidol

11.  3.Thioxanthines
Thioxanthene
Thioxanthene is a chemical compound in which the oxygen atom
in xanthene is replaced with a sulfur atom.
Tiotixene Chlorprothixene

12.  4. Atypical neuroleptics
 Clozapine, Olanzapine, Risperidone
 Typical antipsychotic drugs act on the
dopaminergic system, blocking the dopamine
type 2 (D2) receptors. Atypical
antipsychotics have lower affinity and
occupancy for the dopaminergic receptors,
and a high degree of occupancy of the
serotoninergic receptors 5-HT2A.

13. Atypical neuroleptics
Clozapine Olanzapine

14.  5. Other Heterocyclics
 Reserpine, Loxapine
Reserpine
Loxapine
Loxapine drug is a member of the dibenzoxazepine class and
structurally related to clozapine.

15. Thank You