This document discusses antiparasitic drugs and their use in treating diseases caused by parasites. It notes that antiparasitics are antimicrobial drugs used to treat parasitic diseases caused by organisms like protozoa, helminths, and ectoparasites. One example discussed is tetracyclines, which are broad-spectrum antibiotics derived from Streptomyces bacteria. Tetracyclines are effective against malaria caused by Plasmodium parasites as they inhibit the parasite's protein synthesis. The document provides details on the mechanism of action, production process, and sources of tetracyclines as an antiparasitic drug.

1. ANTIPARASITIC DRUGS
Tetracylines derived from Streptmyces species

2. WHAT ARE ANTIPARASITICS ?
“ Antiparasitics are one of the types of antimicrobial drugs which are
indicated for the treatment of parasitic diseases, such as those caused
by helminths, amoeba, ectoparasites, parasitic fungi , protozoa etc”
1.

3. What are parasites ?
▪ A parasite is an organism that lives in another organism, called the
host, and often harms it. It depends on its host for survival.
TYPES
1. Protozoa: Examples include the single-celled organism known as
Plasmodium.
2. Helminths: These are worm parasites. examples include roundworm.
3. Ectoparasites: They include lice and fleas.
2.

4. “Common diseases caused by parasites”
▪ Scabies (skin inflammation)
▪ Malaria
▪ Sleeping sickness
▪ Amebic dysentery
▪ etc
3.

5. Malaria
▪ serious relapsing infection in humans.
▪ periodic attacks of chills and fever.
▪ caused by one-celled parasites of the genus Plasmodium
▪ transmitted to humans by the bite of Anopheles mosquitoes.
4.

6. MALARIAL PLASMODIUM
▪ Five species cause human malaria: P. vivax (producing the most
widespread form), P. ovale (relatively uncommon), P. falciparum
(producing the most severe symptoms), P. malariae, and P. knowlesi.
5.

7. Tetracyclins : An antimalarial drug
▪ Tetracyclines, a family of broad-spectrum antibiotics discovered in the
early 1940s, are active in protozoa, including Plasmodium.
▪ They are synthetic antibiotics derived from a cycline that is naturally
produced by bacteria from the genus Streptomyces.
▪ They are effective against P. falciparum sp.
6.

8. STREPTOMYCES BACTERIA
▪ largest genus of Actinobacteria (Soil bacteria)
▪ characterised by a complex secondary metabolism.
▪ They produce over two-thirds of the clinically useful antibiotics of
natural origin
▪ producing antibacterial, antifungal, and antiparasitic drugs,
7.

9. Mechanism of action
▪ Cyclines are a family of antibiotics that act by
inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis.
8.

10. Production process
Tetracylcines are isolated from culture broths of actinomycetes
Streptomyces spp.
9.

11. Refrences:
▪ malariajournal.biomedcentral.com
▪ https://mmbr.asm.org/content/65/2/232
▪ https://www.britannica.com/science/malaria/Malaria-through-
history
▪ https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/220302.php#in-the-
united-states
▪ https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-
dentistry/antiparasitic-agent
11.

12. THANK YOU….!