Anth1 Economics Vs2

Making a Living Economic Systems in Cross-Cultural Perspective

Making a Living ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Making a Living ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Adaptive Strategies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Adaptive Strategies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Yehudi Cohen’s Adaptive Strategies (Economic Typology) Summarized

Foraging ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Foraging ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Correlates of Foraging

Hunter-Gatherers: Societal Features ,[object Object],[object Object],Aw á of Ecuador/ Photo: F. Watson

Hunter-Gatherers: Societal Features ,[object Object],[object Object],Photo:Ituri Forest Peoples Fund

Hunter-Gatherers: Societal Features ,[object Object],Photo © David Sanger South Africa, Western Cape , Kalahari San family, Kagga Kamma

Hunter-Gatherers: Societal Features ,[object Object],Ona (Tierra del Fuegan) Shaman

Hunter-Gatherers: Societal Features ,[object Object],www.peacefulsocieties.org

Recent Foragers ,[object Object],Luise ño/ Kumeyaay elder working on cultural resources management Project/Photo: J.Fortier

Environment & Diet Celsius=mean temp/year; Biomass=#kilos/km3 of vegetation; H=hunting; G=Gathering; F=fishing 20 45 35 2800 23 Vedda 5 70 25 2,358 20.6 Siriono 0 70 30 209 18.4 Walpiri 0 65 35 1508 17.7 Hadza 10 50 40 26 14.6 Kumiai 50 30 20 661 12 Ainu 50 10 40 45 8.5 Inuit F% G% H% Biomass Celsius Group

Indigenous Peoples of South America

Ona or Selk’nam ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],1830’s depiction by Beagle artist

Ona-Selk’nam of 1920’s ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Subsistence of Ona (Tierra del Fuegans) Guanaco (above) & Tuco tuco Or Cururos (right). Rodents Are a delicacy today.

Modern Foragers People who collect their food from grocery stores

The Cultivation Continuum: Degrees of plant domestication ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Cultivation Continuum ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Social Space of Economic Systems

Horticulture ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hanunoo of Philippines ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Photo: Dario Novellino

Amazonian Columbia: Nukak 300-500 surviving; many deaths in recent years

Nukak subsistence pound the roots of Lonchocarpus , releasing the poisons into a stream.

Nukak Plant cultivation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Pastoralism ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Pastoralists ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Water buffalo herding, Nepal; Photo: J. Fortier

Pastoralists ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Sami Herding Photo: www.eng.samer.se ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Agriculture ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Cultivation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Cultivation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Costs and Benefits of Agriculture

Agrarian Intensive Land Use Millet fields, Nepal. Photo: J. Fortier

Intensification: People and the Environment ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Economic Anthropology ,[object Object],[object Object],Sage collected for medicine; Kumeyaay of Baja collected ~5 tons & sold to Japan

Economic Anthropology: 3 Flavors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Formalists: Focus on Maximization (Mini-Max Theories) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Anthropologist Raymond Firth 1901-2002, London School of Economics

Economizing and Maximization ,[object Object],Idea that individuals choose to maximize profits basic assumption of classical economist of 19th century www.oeku.net/.../images/ theogrundlagen-280_1.jpg

Economizing and Maximization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Economizing and Maximization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Economizing and Maximization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Substantivism: Focus on Real Economic Systems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Karl Polanyi ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Substantivism: Focus on Real Exchange Systems ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Distribution, Exchange ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Economic Integration ,[object Object],[object Object],Santa Clara Market

Potlatching ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Potlatching ,[object Object],[object Object]

Location of Potlaching Groups Tsimshian Potlatch; Photo: www.civilization.ca/aborig/cxs/ images/cxsm10b.gif

Anth1 Economics Vs2

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Anth1 Economics Vs2