AnSc 3305 Library lab session slides

1. AnSc3305: Library Resources and Services
Megan Kocher, Fall 2013

2. Who am I?
Megan Kocher
• Librarian for 3 departments:
– Food Science and Nutrition
– Animal Science
– Soil, Water, and Climate
• mkocher@umn.edu
• 612-625-3605

3. Agenda
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Library website
Keywords
Review articles vs research articles
Searching databases
Citations and plagiarism

4. www.lib.umn.edu

5. Brainstorming Keywords
Effects of
Maternal cholesterol
Maternal
Prenatal
Fetal dev.
cholesterol
Effects of bacon
On fetal development
Bacon
Swine
Hog
development

6. Suggested Topics
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Role of leptin in the onset of puberty in humans
Neuroendocrine regulation of induced ovulation
Modulation of implantation by the immune system
Sex reversal in mammals
Selection of the dominant follicle in livestock
Infectious causes of embryonic mortality in livestock
Regulation of reproductive aging
American Eugenics : the dangers of selective breeding
The oogonia ‘stem cell’ OR Is a female really born with a finite number of eggs ?
International decline in male fertility
Xenotransplantation: the new market for animal cloning and transgenesis
Natural cloning in animal
Interested in disease processes ?? – consider checking primary literature on Kallman’s syndrome
or other pathologies we have discussed
Endocrine disruptors
Sex chromosome evolution (e.g. marsupials vs. other mammals)
Surrogacy and human infertility
Long-term physiological effects of infertility methods on offspring (i.e. IVF, ICSI, etc.)

7. Review Articles vs. Research Articles

8. Research Articles
Research articles in the sciences are
generally reports of experiments or other
forms of analysis. They introduce the topic,
explain how the work was done, what
resulted, and how that results might be
interpreted. Research articles are
considered primary sources because they
contain the original research information
and/or data.

9. Parts of a Research Article
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Introduction
Materials and Methods
Results
Discussion
Conclusions
Bibliography or Literature Cited or
References

10. Review Articles
Review articles are generally written by
experts in the fields, and they provide an
overview of a topic. They are often referred
to as secondary literature, since they do
not directly report on an experiment or other
new idea.

11. What do Review Articles Do?
• Provide background
• Include a bibliography of the primary
research literature
• Help you identify a narrower area of
interest

12. Searching for Articles

13. Search Tips
• Combine ideas or sets with AND
– Using "AND" is a form of Boolean Searching (and, or, not).
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oa66AxTbjxA&feature=youtu.
be&t=3m19s
• Use the subject terms the database provides, to be
comprehensive
• Use a wildcard (*) to get words with various endings
– forest* (= forest, forests, forestry, forester)
– signal*
– father*

14. Searching For Research Articles
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Google Scholar
PubMed
Medline
CAB Abstracts
Scopus

15. Searching For Review Articles
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Google Scholar
PubMed
Medline
CAB Abstracts
Scopus

16. Activity
Find 1 review article or 1 research article on
your topic.
• Be prepared to report back:
– What search terms did you use?
• Did you revise your terms after searching
• What databases did you use?
– What article did you find?
• How can you tell whether it is research or review?

17. Citing Sources & Avoiding Plagiarism

18. Why do we cite our sources?
• http://youtu.be/2q0NlWcTq1Y
• "Citations allow researchers to find, read,
and comment on each others' sources.“
• "Writers also cite their sources to avoid
plagiarism." *
*From "Citations Online Tutorial" found at http://www.lib.umn.edu/research/instruction/modules/lsamp-citations2/

19. University of Minnesota
Definition of Plagiarism
Plagiarism shall mean representing the
words, creative work, or ideas
of another person as one's own without
providing proper documentation
of source.

20. Examples
• Copying information word for word from a source without using
quotation marks and giving proper acknowledgement by way of
footnote, endnote, or in-text citation;
• Representing the words, ideas, or data of another person as one's
own without providing proper attribution to the author through
quotation, reference, in-text citation, or footnote;
• Producing, without proper attribution, any form of work
originated by another person, such as a musical phrase, a proof, a
speech, an image, experimental data, laboratory report, graphic
design or computer code;
• Paraphrasing, without sufficient acknowledgment, ideas taken from
another person that the reader might reasonably mistake as the
author's.
• Borrowing various words, ideas, phrases, or data from original
sources and blending them with one's own without acknowledging the
sources.

21. How to use other people’s
words and ideas
Summarizing
Paraphrasing
• Text is much
shorter than
original
• Must use your
own words
• Must cite
original source
• Text may be
shorter or
longer than
original
• Must use your
own words
• Must cite
original source
Quoting
• Text is exact
length of
original.
• Uses original
author’s exact
words
• Uses quotation
marks or block
quotes
• Includes page
number
• Must cite
original source

22. Exercise
Original quotation:
"Roosevelt first used the term Square Deal
following the settlement of a mining strike in 1902
to describe the ideal of peaceful coexistence
between big business and labour unions. The
Square Deal concept was later largely
incorporated into the platform of the Progressive
Party, when Roosevelt was its presidential
candidate in 1912" (Britannica, p. 184).

23. Example 1
Paraphrase: Roosevelt invented THE TERM SQUARE DEAL after the
MINING STRIKE IN 1902 was settled TO DESCRIBE THE IDEAL OF
PEACEFUL cooperation BETWEEN BIG BUSINESS AND LABOR
UNIONS. THE SQUARE DEAL CONCEPT WAS LATER LARGELY
worked INTO THE PLATFORM OF THE PROGRESSIVE PARTY,
WHEN ROOSEVELT WAS ITS PRESIDENTIAL CANDIDATE IN 1912.
Is it plagiarism?
Why?
• Substituting new words, and changing a few words around in the
sentences doesn't make it a paraphrase!
• The structure of the two sentences is virtually identical.
• There is no citation (Britannica, p.184) at the end of the paraphrase,
pointing out the source of the information.
YES!

24. Example 2
Paraphrase: Roosevelt first used the term Square Deal to describe the
ideal of peaceful coexistence between big business and labor unions,
although it was later largely incorporated into the platform of the
Progressive Party, when Roosevelt was its presidential candidate in
1912 (Britannica, p. 184).
Is it plagiarism?
Why?
• Omitting a few words from the sentences doesn’t make it a
paraphrase!
• The structure of the paraphrase is still almost identical to that of the
original quotation.
• OK—at least this person used a citation at the end of the
“paraphrase”!
YES!

25. Example 3
Paraphrase: Although originally used in reference to relationships
between companies and labor unions, the Square Deal ultimately
became a component of the Progressive party platform in 1912.
Is it plagiarism?
YES!
Why?
•The author did not cite the original source.

26. Example 4
Paraphrase: Although originally used in reference to relationships
between companies and labor unions, the Square Deal ultimately
became a component of the Progressive party platform in 1912
(Britannica, p. 184).
Is it plagiarism?
No!
Why?
• Summarized in author’s own words.
• Cites source

27. APA Style Guide
• https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resourc
e/560/01/

28. Citations in Google Scholar

29. Citation Managers

30. Image Credits
Ninja power-up, CC BY-SA Marijn de Vries Hoogerwerff , Flickr
Epic battle, CC BY-NC-ND, Roger Mateo Poquet, Flickr
Dig for victory, University of Minnesota Archives
Bibliography, CC BY-NC, papertrix, Flickr