Animal Sight
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Different animals perceive the world in unique ways based on their visual receptor cells and eyes. Bees have compound eyes that allow them to see ultraviolet light. Dogs have good peripheral and night vision but see a limited range of colors. Squirrels are red-green color blind and see blues, yellows, and greys. Sea turtles' visual receptors filter shorter wavelengths, allowing them to see reds, oranges, and yellows but not greens or blues. Snakes can detect infrared heat at night using pit organs and rely on movement during the day. Shrimp have basic compound eyes and rely on detecting sudden movements. Birds see a greater range of vibrant colors, including ultraviolet light, and hunting birds have outstanding
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Frogs.
Designed for kids to learn about frogs and their life cycles, as well as their habitats, characteristics, diet, etc.
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Strange Events in Bio World chapter 6 Senses P 18 19
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Sharks have cartilaginous skeletons and extract oxygen from seawater through five to seven gill slits. They have replaceable teeth and a dermal layer of denticles to protect their skin. Sharks have evolved over 450 million years, with their fossilized teeth commonly found due to their rapid replacement throughout life. Reproduction involves internal fertilization and females may have thicker skin to withstand bites from males during mating. Sharks rely on their senses of smell, sight, and hearing to hunt prey, using their ampullae of Lorenzini to detect electric fields, tapetum lucidum to see in dark waters, and sharp hearing to detect sounds from miles away.
Biology in the Present The OtherLiving PrimatesCLARK .docx
Biology in the Present: The Other
Living Primates
CLARK SPENCER LARSEN
E S S E N T I A L S O F
PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
SECOND EDITION
CHAPTER
6
*
Copyright ©2013 W.W. Norton, Inc.
Biology in the Present: The Other Living PrimatesQuestions addressed in this chapter:Why study primates?What is a primate?What are the different kinds of primates?
Let’s start with a short, but profound, observation. We are primates. We share many of the same characteristics as other primates, like a large brain, a strong parenting instinct, grasping hands, and generalized teeth. It is important too to recognize that our close resemblance to many primates is not a coincidence. Instead, we are so similar to them because we are related to them; we share a recent common ancestor with them. In particular, we share a very recent ancestor with the African apes, a more distance ancestor with the monkeys, and an even more distant ancestor with the prosimians. Do not make the mistake of thinking that we study primates as living time-machines, to somehow go back in time and see how our ancestors lived. Primates today have evolved too. But, they do provide us with examples of how a closely related animal has adapted to its environment, sometimes the same environment occupied by early human ancestors. In this chapter, we will dive into the field of primatology. Hopefully, you will be able to see why we study primates in the first place. We will examine what exactly a primate is, what features they share in common, and how one would identify a fossil primate. Finally, we will look at the different kinds of primates, from lemurs and baboons to chimpanzees and humans.
*
Copyright ©2013 W.W. Norton, Inc.
What is a Primate?Arboreal mammalsDietary plasticityParental investment
Humans are primates. But, what are primates? Primates are a group of closely related mammals that live in the tropics. The map above shows the distribution of non-human primates, found along the equator in South America, Africa, and Asia. They are arboreally adapted mammals—possessing many behaviors and anatomies that help them live a life in the trees. Primates also display remarkable dietary plasticity—eating a wide variety of foods from grasses and leaves, compared to other animals. Finally, among the mammals, primates engage in the highest amount of parental investment, spending considerable time and energy in the few offspring they have. Let’s look in more detail at these characteristics, and the adaptations that help primates survive.
*
Copyright ©2013 W.W. Norton, Inc.
What is a Primate?
This figure has a lot of information on it, so we’ll walk through it in detail. In the middle is a diorama showing the diversity of primates that can live in one forest in West Africa. The location of the forest is shown here in the map in the bottom right corner of the image. There are 13 different species of primate represented here, including humans. Notice that most of them live in the tr.
Animal sensors
The document compares various senses - eyesight, hearing, touch, smell, taste, and intelligence - of octopuses and humans. It finds that octopuses have better control over their eyesight and more smell receptors. Humans are deemed better at hearing, touch, and intelligence since they have invented electricity. The document also notes that octopuses have venom and can regenerate lost limbs.
Biological sciences presentation 2
Adaptations are adjustments or changes in organisms that allow them to be better suited to their environment. Adaptations can include changes in behavior, physiology, or structure. Lady beetles have bright colors and spots that warn predators they are poisonous, which benefits both the beetles and their predators. Male peacocks have colorful spots used for mating, while female peacocks have dull colors as camouflage while protecting their nest, providing advantages and disadvantages to each. Animals survive diverse environments through behavioral and physical adaptations like teeth for eating, claws for movement, or mimicry for protection.
The miracle in the dolphins
Dolphins have eyes specially adapted for both underwater and above water vision. Their eyes contain elastic lenses that can expand and contract to focus, allowing dolphins to see clearly in both environments. Dolphins can also see independently with each eye, allowing one eye to look ahead while swimming and the other to scan for predators. Their vision demonstrates intelligent design rather than random evolution.
Liam 2
Sharks are a type of fish with cartilaginous skeletons and streamlined bodies. They have several rows of replaceable teeth and range widely in size. Sharks have keen senses of smell and can detect very small amounts of chemicals in water. While their eyes are similar to other vertebrates, sharks have adaptations that allow them to see well in dark ocean waters. It is unclear exactly how sharks sleep but some evidence suggests they may sleep with half their brain at a time.
Top 10 most dangerous spiders.pdf
Over 43,000 different species of spiders are found in the world. Of these, only a small number are believed to be dangerous and less than 30 have been responsible for human deaths. In this article, we'll take a look at the top 10 most dangerous spiders in the world. 10. Southern Black Widow Spider These Spiders produce durable silk, which they use to create webs for catching prey. To trap their prey, they throw jagged, thin webs, unlike the typical well-constructed webs we see on other spiders. Both types of spiders are usually found in the same places, that is, inside or under objects, where their presence is not always obvious. Previously, most black widow bites (almost all female spider bites) took place outdoors, but Latrodectus bites now occur more often when a spider is trapped in a human skin, or when someone reaches an object where the spider is hiding, or when someone lays on clothes, gloves or shoes containing a spider. Immature male black widows do not have canine teeth large enough to pierce human skin, so the bite is almost entirely due to adult female spiders, especially females, which protect many eggs. Bite reactions can range from no local reactions or symptoms to severe systemic reactions described below. But bites can be fatal, usually for young children, the elderly, or the infirm. Most bites occur when the spider actually touches or sticks to something. Bites can occur, for example, when fingers or toes are stuck in cobwebs. But black widows usually prefer to run away rather than fight back and fend off intruders. 9. Yellow Sac Spider While other species of spider take much longer to build webs, yellow sac spiders can create their pockets much faster than 15 minutes. The yellow pouch spider is a nocturnal hunter that feeds on small insects and possibly other spiders. Clubionidae spiders rarely bite humans, they are aggressive nocturnal and return to their "bag" to rest during the day. They are nocturnal, so during the day they build small "bags" of cobwebs or nests in which they rest. The male ginger mouse spider has two appendages called "pedipalps," a sensory organ, not a penis, that is filled with sperm and inserted by the male into the female reproductive opening of the ginger mouse spider. Hatching spiders include funnel spiders, mouse spiders, whistles and curtain spiders; they are distinguished by a squat body, long palps on the legs and two knee-shaped lobes, to which canines (chelicerae) are attached in front. These small to medium sized trap spiders are common in Australia's suburban gardens. Rat spiders belong to the Actinopodidae family, which consists of one genus-Missulena-and eight described species, including the trapdoor spider family. Rat spiders are found throughout the Australian continent. The three most common species are Eastern Rat spider (Missulena bradleyi, pictured), Red Rat spider (M. occatoria) and Northern Rat spider (M. pruinosa). Rat spiders are part
Homework week 4&5 term 1
Bats can be found on all continents except Antarctica and live in a variety of habitats. Many bats roost in trees, caves, or man-made structures. They play an important role in ecosystems by eating insects, fruit, nectar, pollen, and small fish. Bats use echolocation, smell, and vision to locate different types of food. Their large ears, nose, eyes, claws, and wings help bats survive and find resources in their environments.
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Animal Sight
- 1. How Animals Perceive The World By: Stacy Bustamante
- 2. Bumble Bee The visual receptor cells of bees allow them to transduce ultraviolet light better than we can with our normal visual receptor cells. The bees have compound eyes; hundreds of single eyes (called ommatidia) arranged next to each other, each with its own lens and each looking in a different direction.
- 4. Dog Dogs only see very pale shades of color, and many have vision that is comparable to a human who is red-green color blind , which means they can't tell the difference between red and green. However, they do have better peripheral and night vision than us, with eyes that are much more sensitive to movement.
- 5. Dog Vision
- 6. Squirrel Though humans can see the entire visible light spectrum and would be able to appreciate the rich greens of the grass, squirrels are red and green color blind, and only perceive the blues, yellows, and greys of the landscape.
- 8. Sea Turtle Sea Turtles have a special feature which perhaps evolved to help them see on the dark sea floor; their individual photoreceptors contain red oil droplets which obstruct shorter light wavelengths. As a result, they can easily pick up reds and oranges and yellows, but cannot really perceive any of the longer light wavelengths such as green or blue or violet.
- 10. Snake Snakes will use their normal eyes during the day, but at night it will change over to its other pair of "eyes". These pit organs can pick up infrared heat signals from warm objects in their surroundings. During the day, a snake's vision is very dependent on movement.
- 11. Snake Vision
- 12. Shrimp Shrimp have the least developed vision on our list. They have compound eyes similar to an insect, but give much less detail. Luckily, shrimps are very good at picking up signals from sudden movements in their surroundings. This is one of their best defences against predators
- 13. Shrimp Vision
- 14. Bird Daytime birds see a greater range of colors than humans, including ultraviolet light. As humans, we have never actually seen many of these colors, so a bird's actual vision would be very difficult (if not impossible) to emulate here. It is generally accepted that color is much more vibrant in a typical bird's vision than it is in humans. Hunting birds such as the eagle, kestrel and vulture are know to have outstanding binocular vision, enabling them to easily spot prey from thousands of feet away.
- 15. Bird Vision
- 16. The End ( Applause, please =) )