1) Primates first evolved around 65 million years ago and split into two main groups - one containing lemurs and lorises, and the other containing tarsiers and anthropoids like monkeys, apes and humans.
2) Early hominines like Australopithecus afarensis had adaptations for both walking upright and spending time in trees, as evidenced by fossils like "Lucy".
3) Later hominines evolved adaptations like an opposable thumb and larger brains that enabled tool use and were better suited for life on land. Fossils continue to provide new insights into human evolution but also raise new questions.
1. The document describes the anatomical characteristics of apes and compares them to humans.
2. Key differences include humans having S-shaped spines, knock-kneed legs, longer thumbs, and feet adapted for bipedalism compared to apes' anatomy suited for quadrupedalism and brachiation.
3. Anatomical changes in humans are associated with adaptations for tool use, bipedal walking and running, and fine motor skills.
- Most fish breathe through gills and have skeletons made of bone or cartilage. They propel themselves through water using tail fins and other fins. Fish come in a wide variety of sizes, from less than an inch to over 60 feet long.
- Reptiles are air-breathing vertebrates covered in scales that lay eggs. Examples are crocodiles, lizards, snakes, turtles, and tortoises. They are often cold-blooded and regulate temperature behaviorally.
- Birds are feathered flying animals with wings, beaks, and lightweight skeletons adapted for flight. Their respiratory and skeletal systems are specialized for flying.
This document summarizes a research paper on prehensile tails. It discusses how prehensile tails are an adaptation that helps creatures thrive by allowing them to grasp objects. While many monkeys share a common ancestor and have prehensile tails, the structure of tails differs between reptiles and fish who also possess them, suggesting they evolved separately. Prehensile tails are an example of an analogous adaptation rather than a homologous one.
1) Primates evolved adaptations for life in trees, including opposable thumbs and stereoscopic vision from forward-facing eyes.
2) Prosimians were the earliest primates, followed by the evolution of monkeys and apes from prosimian ancestors.
3) Humans share many traits with other primates due to our common arboreal ancestry, including caring for young over a long period of time.
This document provides information about the classification and characteristics of mammals. It begins with an overview of the infraclass Eutheria, or placental mammals, noting the key role of the placenta in allowing longer gestation. It then details three orders of mammals as examples: Insectivora, Xenarthra, and Chiroptera (bats). For each order, it describes general physical traits, habitat, behavior and other distinguishing characteristics. The document concludes with an overview of the order Primates, their traits and suborders.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The document discusses the morphology and characteristics of mammals. It covers:
1. The three main categories of mammals based on how they are born: monotremes, marsupials, and placentals.
2. Key distinguishing features of monotremes, marsupials, and placental mammals.
3. Types of mammalian teeth and their functions for different diets.
4. Classification systems for placental structure and layers between fetal and maternal blood.
1) Primates first evolved around 65 million years ago and split into two main groups - one containing lemurs and lorises, and the other containing tarsiers and anthropoids like monkeys, apes and humans.
2) Early hominines like Australopithecus afarensis had adaptations for both walking upright and spending time in trees, as evidenced by fossils like "Lucy".
3) Later hominines evolved adaptations like an opposable thumb and larger brains that enabled tool use and were better suited for life on land. Fossils continue to provide new insights into human evolution but also raise new questions.
1. The document describes the anatomical characteristics of apes and compares them to humans.
2. Key differences include humans having S-shaped spines, knock-kneed legs, longer thumbs, and feet adapted for bipedalism compared to apes' anatomy suited for quadrupedalism and brachiation.
3. Anatomical changes in humans are associated with adaptations for tool use, bipedal walking and running, and fine motor skills.
- Most fish breathe through gills and have skeletons made of bone or cartilage. They propel themselves through water using tail fins and other fins. Fish come in a wide variety of sizes, from less than an inch to over 60 feet long.
- Reptiles are air-breathing vertebrates covered in scales that lay eggs. Examples are crocodiles, lizards, snakes, turtles, and tortoises. They are often cold-blooded and regulate temperature behaviorally.
- Birds are feathered flying animals with wings, beaks, and lightweight skeletons adapted for flight. Their respiratory and skeletal systems are specialized for flying.
This document summarizes a research paper on prehensile tails. It discusses how prehensile tails are an adaptation that helps creatures thrive by allowing them to grasp objects. While many monkeys share a common ancestor and have prehensile tails, the structure of tails differs between reptiles and fish who also possess them, suggesting they evolved separately. Prehensile tails are an example of an analogous adaptation rather than a homologous one.
1) Primates evolved adaptations for life in trees, including opposable thumbs and stereoscopic vision from forward-facing eyes.
2) Prosimians were the earliest primates, followed by the evolution of monkeys and apes from prosimian ancestors.
3) Humans share many traits with other primates due to our common arboreal ancestry, including caring for young over a long period of time.
This document provides information about the classification and characteristics of mammals. It begins with an overview of the infraclass Eutheria, or placental mammals, noting the key role of the placenta in allowing longer gestation. It then details three orders of mammals as examples: Insectivora, Xenarthra, and Chiroptera (bats). For each order, it describes general physical traits, habitat, behavior and other distinguishing characteristics. The document concludes with an overview of the order Primates, their traits and suborders.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The document discusses the morphology and characteristics of mammals. It covers:
1. The three main categories of mammals based on how they are born: monotremes, marsupials, and placentals.
2. Key distinguishing features of monotremes, marsupials, and placental mammals.
3. Types of mammalian teeth and their functions for different diets.
4. Classification systems for placental structure and layers between fetal and maternal blood.
The document summarizes key aspects of mammal morphology and classification. It describes the three main ways mammals give birth - through eggs (monotremes), pouches (marsupials), or placentas (placentals). It then discusses various morphological features of mammals like hair, dentition, types of teeth, and placental structures. It also covers classification of mammals based on feeding habits and locomotion.
This document is a classification of animals by vertebrates and invertebrates. It defines vertebrates as having backbones and lists the five classifications as fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Invertebrates do not have backbones and include protozoa, annelids, echinoderms, mollusks, and arthropods. It provides examples such as sharks, poison arrow frogs, crocodiles, hummingbirds, and blue whales to illustrate vertebrate classifications and paramecium, earthworms, starfish, octopuses, and shrimp to illustrate invertebrate classifications.
This document provides information about primates found around the world and in India. It begins with a brief introduction to primates and then covers their evolutionary tree, characteristics, classification, distribution, social organization, feeding, movements, communication, intelligence, threats and conservation. Regarding Indian primates specifically, it notes that there are 22 species divided into four groups - lorises, gibbons, macaques and langurs. For each group, it provides details on the species found in India such as physical characteristics, behaviors and conservation status.
The document discusses the author's observations of different primate species at the Santa Barbara zoo. It describes observing a Bolivian grey titi monkey, noting characteristics like its medium body size. It also observed western lowland gorillas, the largest living primates, noting traits like their slow movement and use of knuckle-walking. The author observed golden lion tamarins as well, and provided details on the gorillas' herbivorous diet and large body size.
1 Lecture 7 Lecture Summary In this lecture will c.docxjoyjonna282
1
Lecture 7
Lecture Summary
In this lecture will continue the text’s discussion of bipedalism. This lecture will also
provide some further information on the early hominids: Ardipithecus, Australopithecus,
and Homo and their associated biocultural evolution.
Bipedalism
Perhaps the most crucial change in early hominid evolution was the development of
bipedal locomotion – walking on two legs. We know from the fossil record that other
important changes such as the expansion of the brain, modification of the female pelvis to
allow bigger-brained babies to be born, and significant reduction of the face, teeth, and
jaws, did not occur until about 2 million years after the emergence of bipedalism. Be
familiar with the specific anatomical features associated with bipedalism as described in
chapter 6 of your text.
Why did we evolve to become bipedal? There are at least 6 different models that have
been proposed to account for the evolution of bipedalism:
1.) Carrying model – bipedalism could have allowed our ancestors to search for and
collect food in greater safety and with greater efficiency by freeing the arms and
hands. Mothers could carry their children. They could carry sticks and rocks to
throw at predators and scavengers.
2.) Vigilance model – bipedalism, by elevating the head, helped our ancestors locate
potential food sources and dangers. This behavior is seen in other animals,
squirrels and apes, but says more about upright posture than it does of actual
locomotion.
3.) Heat dissipation model – the vertical orientation of the body in bipedalism helps
cool the body by presenting a smaller target to the equatorial sun rays and placing
more of the body above ground to catch cooling air currents. This model applies
to hominids in the hot savannah but not so much in the shady forested areas.
4.) Energy efficiency model – bipedalism is an energy-efficient way of running and
walking compared to quadrapedalism. Long periods of steady bipedal walking in
search of food would seem to require less energy but the first hominids may not
have walked quite like our more recent ancestors-they may have walked in a way
more similar to chimps. So, it has been proposed that bipedalism may have had
other advantages first and then further anatomical changes made it more energy
efficient.
5.) Foraging/bipedal model – this model suggests that standing upright provided the
benefit of reaching in bushes and trees, particular ones that were difficult to
climb.
6.) Display model – bipedalism is thought by some to have emerged as a way to
exhibit an upright display posture like that seen in chimps (and bonobos) during
dominance confrontations. An upright display conveys meaning because it makes
the individual seem larger and is directly related to mating success.
2
All of these models have some supporting evidence and it would not be absurd to assume
that perhaps some or all of them worked together ...
Mammals evolved from synapsid ancestors during the Mesozoic era. The earliest mammals had specialized teeth, small bodies, and various skeletal adaptations including differentiated dentition. The three main modern mammal groups are monotremes, marsupials, and placentals. Key mammalian adaptations include hair, three middle ear bones derived from jaw bones, and a four-chambered heart and diaphragm. Mammals exhibit diverse diets, habitats, and locomotion across nearly 4000 living species.
Anth 330Fall 2015Summation paperThis is a summation docu.docxrossskuddershamus
Anth 330
Fall 2015
Summation paper
This is a summation document so there is no right or wrong answer but I do want to see that you put some serious thought into your response.
I have found that a great many people know very little about human evolution. There tends to be more fiction than fact out there. Other than a few bits of historical fact and fiction (mostly concerning Charles Darwin) many people have a poor understanding of the historical development of the concept of biological evolution and the Western World’s concept of time.
1. Briefly summarize your understanding of the concept of human evolution and geological/archaeological time before you took this course. I expect your answer to be at least 2 pages and no more than three.
2. How have your concepts on these subjects changed having taken this course?
-What are the TWO most interesting ideas that you have gleaned from the readings or lecture material? I expect your answer to be at least 2 pages and no more than three.
3. Has any information touched on in this class made you think about taking any further course work in the subject area?
1
Lecture 7
Lecture Summary
In this lecture will continue the text’s discussion of bipedalism. This lecture will also
provide some further information on the early hominids: Ardipithecus, Australopithecus,
and Homo and their associated biocultural evolution.
Bipedalism
Perhaps the most crucial change in early hominid evolution was the development of
bipedal locomotion – walking on two legs. We know from the fossil record that other
important changes such as the expansion of the brain, modification of the female pelvis to
allow bigger-brained babies to be born, and significant reduction of the face, teeth, and
jaws, did not occur until about 2 million years after the emergence of bipedalism. Be
familiar with the specific anatomical features associated with bipedalism as described in
chapter 6 of your text.
Why did we evolve to become bipedal? There are at least 6 different models that have
been proposed to account for the evolution of bipedalism:
1.) Carrying model – bipedalism could have allowed our ancestors to search for and
collect food in greater safety and with greater efficiency by freeing the arms and
hands. Mothers could carry their children. They could carry sticks and rocks to
throw at predators and scavengers.
2.) Vigilance model – bipedalism, by elevating the head, helped our ancestors locate
potential food sources and dangers. This behavior is seen in other animals,
squirrels and apes, but says more about upright posture than it does of actual
locomotion.
3.) Heat dissipation model – the vertical orientation of the body in bipedalism helps
cool the body by presenting a smaller target to the equatorial sun rays and placing
more of the body above ground to catch cooling air currents. This model applies
to hominids in the hot savannah but not so much in the shady forested are.
Zoos can play an important role in species conservation when operated humanely. They protect endangered animals from threats in the wild like predators, starvation, sickness and injury. Zoos provide medical treatment and ensure animals have a varied, high-quality diet. They also participate in breeding programs that help threatened species recover. By housing animals safely with their needs met, zoos aim to enhance survival of those species that cannot currently live independently in the wild.
Zoos educate the public and raise awareness of conservation issues. Seeing animals up close inspires visitors to support protection of wildlife habitats. Many zoos fund field research
Anatomy of vertebrate (basic biology) unmJeny Hardiah
This document summarizes a student's report on dissecting a frog to study vertebrate anatomy. It includes the student's name, class information, and confirmation that the report was accepted. The introduction provides background on frogs and discusses the life cycle and reproduction. The purpose of the practicum is stated as allowing students to observe the shape, color, and location of organs and their relationships. The benefits are learning vertebrate anatomy. The literature review discusses frog anatomy and systems to be examined. The methods section outlines that the dissection will take place in the biology lab, and lists the tools and process used, including anesthetizing the frog before external and internal examination.
This document outlines the key characteristics that define primates as a group. It discusses their hands and feet having opposable thumbs and toes for grasping. Primates also have flexible shoulders and hips, stereoscopic vision from forward-facing eyes, and larger brains relative to other mammals. Other defining traits include an emphasis on vision over smell, lengthened development periods for offspring, and specialized dentition. Primates exhibit increased behavioral complexity and social grouping as well.
The document discusses evidence for evolution from comparative anatomy, focusing on homologous and vestigial structures. It provides 10 examples of vestigial structures in various animals, including wings on flightless birds, hind leg bones in whales, the human tailbone, blind fish eyes, and wisdom teeth in humans. It explains that these structures provide evidence of evolution from common ancestors with structures that had different functions.
Arthropoda is coming under the Kingdom of animals,
Arthropoda is the largest group of animals. These found everywhere on the Earth.
GK. artho = jointed ; podos = foot
The document discusses the evolution of bipedalism in humans and their ancestors. It describes how scientists believe bipedalism first evolved in early hominids that lived in Africa between 5-8 million years ago. This led to anatomical changes like the skull centering over the spinal column. While bipedalism provided advantages for moving on land, it also resulted in disadvantages like a narrower birth canal for women and increased risk of back problems.
Snakes have unique sensory organs that rely primarily on smell and touch rather than sight and hearing. They detect smells with their forked tongue and vomeronasal organ, and some pit vipers can sense infrared heat with pits between their eyes and nostrils. Snakes are covered in scales and shed their skin periodically. Internally, they have specialized respiratory, circulatory, digestive, and reproductive systems adapted for their limbless bodies.
The document traces human evolution from primates to modern humans based on fossil and genetic evidence. Key events include:
- Primates diverged from other mammals around 55 million years ago, with the earliest primate fossil dated to 65 million years ago.
- The earliest hominins, like Sahelanthropus tchadensis from 6-7 million years ago, displayed both ape-like and human-like traits.
- Species like Australopithecus afarensis from 3-2.9 million years ago were the first to walk fully upright.
- Homo habilis and Homo erectus, dating back to 2.3 million and 1.8 million years ago respectively
This document discusses human evolution and the evidence from fossils that show how humans developed from early hominids. It provides a timeline of major hominid species like Australopithecus, Homo habilis, Homo erectus, and Homo sapiens. It describes changes in anatomy that characterize human evolution like the positioning of the foramen magnum, increased brain size, flatter faces, and changes in teeth and jaw structure. The document also discusses where the oldest hominid fossils have been found, with East Africa considered the likely "cradle of humankind." Key sites in South Africa like Sterkfontein are also mentioned where many important early hominid fossils have been discovered.
Characteristics And Characteristics Of The SpeciesMary Brown
The document provides information about two parasites: Toxoplasma gondii and Enterobius vermicularis. Both are classified as protists and parasites that derive nutrition from their hosts. While T. gondii infects many warm-blooded animals and causes the disease toxoplasmosis, E. vermicularis is commonly known as the pinworm and specifically infects humans, causing enterobiasis. A key difference is that T. gondii infects various tissues throughout the body, while E. vermicularis infects the gastrointestinal tract.
The document summarizes research on the growth and development of chimpanzees. It discusses how chimpanzees learn necessary survival skills through social and cultural contexts, passing traits from mother to offspring. Chimpanzees demonstrate tool use behaviors like nut cracking which are transferred culturally between communities over generations. One study showed chimpanzees in one community learning to crack a new type of nut from an adult who had experience with that nut in a different community, providing evidence of cultural transmission between groups.
BOOK REVIEWS How to write a book review There are two .docxmoirarandell
BOOK REVIEWS: How to write a book review
There are two approaches to book reviewing:
Descriptive reviews give the essential information about a book. This is done with description and
exposition, by stating the perceived aims and purposes of the author, and by quoting striking passages
from the text.
Critical reviews describe and evaluate the book, in terms of accepted literary and historical standards,
and supports this evaluation with evidence from the text. The following pointers are meant to be
suggestions for writing a critical review.
Basic requirements
To write a critical review, the reviewer must know two things:
Knowing the work under review: This demands not only attempting to understand the author's purpose
and how the component parts of the work contribute to that purpose, but also knowledge of the
author: his/her nationality, time period, other works etc.
Requirements of the genre: This means understanding the art form and how it functions. Without such
context, the reviewer has no historical or literary standard upon which to base an evaluation.
Reviewing essentials
Description of the book. Sufficient description should be given so that the reader will have some
understanding of the author's thoughts. This account is not a summary. It can be woven into the critical
remarks.
Discuss the author. Biographical information should be relevant to the subject of the review and
enhance the reader's understanding of the work under discussion.
Appraise the book. A review must be a considered judgment that includes:
a statement of the reviewer's understanding of the author's purpose
how well the reviewer feels the author's purpose has been achieved
evidence to support the reviewer's judgement of the author' achievement.
While you read:
Read the book with care.
Highlight quotable passages.
Note your impressions as you read.
Allow time to assimilate what you read so that the book can be seen in perspective.
Keep in mind the need for a single impression which must be clear to the reader.
The review outline
A review outline gives you an over-all grasp of the organization of the review, to determine the central
point your review will make, to eliminate inessentials or irrelevancies, and to fill in gaps or omissions.
Examine the notes you have made and eliminate those with no relationship to your central
thesis.
By organizing your discussion topics into groups, aspects of the book will emerge: e.g., theme,
character, structure, etc.
Write down all the major headings of the outline and fill in the subdivisions.
All parts should support your thesis or central point.
First draft
Opening paragraphs set the tone of the paper. Possible introductions usually make a statement about
the:
Thesis
Authorial purpose
Topicality of the work or its significance
Comparison of the work to others by the same author or within the same genre.
Book Review #3- The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down”Ch.docxmoirarandell
Book Review #3- “The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down”
Chapters 7-12
Do you believe removing Lia from her parent's care was the right choice for her overall wellbeing? Why or why not?
How did the author find an interpreter that was successful in serving as a cultural broker between herself and the Lees?
How did Jeanine Hilt advocate for the Lee family?
Explain how Neil Ernst and the Lees may have differed culturally in their understanding of the value or perception of the Ernst's’ family vacation.
Give three reasons why many Hmong may have resisted leaving the refugee camp (Ban Vanai) in Thailand.
.
Book required Current Issues and Enduring Questions, by Sylvan Ba.docxmoirarandell
Book required: Current Issues and Enduring Questions, by Sylvan Barnet (Links to an external site.), Hugo Bedau (Links to an external site.), John O'Hara (Links to an external site.) ISBN 1319035477 which should be edition 11
REQUIREMENTS:
· Organize ideas in well-developed, coherent, and stylistically sophisticated analytical essays.
· Evaluate and improve his/her writing process by revising and editing his/her won essays
· Apply logical reasoning to identify and evaluate authors’ use of rhetorical techniques, participate in critical thinking class discussions and activities, and compose clearly organized and effectively argued written analyses of those texts.
· Identify, analyze, and question stated and unstated assumptions of texts and draw meaningful inferences about the intentions of authors in context.
· Discuss a variety of argumentative and analytical assignments and demonstrate the effective use of rhetorical strategies and an awareness of style.
· Use a variety of research skills to expand analysis of a primary source, evaluating and incorporating secondary source materials that encompass the social, historical, and critical aspects that provide context for the argument.
About Myself:
Name: James Greene
Occupation: Senior Logistic Analyst/Lead For NAVSUP Fleet Logistic Center (FLC) San Dirgo In Support of Littoral Combat Ships (LCS)
Major: AA In Business Administration this my last I need to achieve goal. Working toward a BA in Business Management from University Of Redlands.
Retired Navy Veteran retired in Jun 2010
Married all three of my children attend Southwestern
Ordain Pastor
Hobbies:
Live Concerts
Bowling
Movies
Traveling
Book required:
Current Issues and Enduring Questions, by
Sylvan Barnet
(Links to an external
site.)
,
Hugo Bedau
(Links to an external site.)
,
John O'Hara
(Links to an external
site.)
ISBN
1319035477
which should be edition 11
R
EQUIREMENTS
:
·
Organize ideas in well
-
developed, coherent, and stylistically sophisticated analytical essays.
·
Evaluate and improve his/her writing process by revising and editing his/her won essays
·
Apply logical reasoning to identify a
nd evaluate authors’ use of rhetorical techniques,
participate in critical thinking class discussions and activities, and compose clearly organized
and effectively argued written analyses of those texts.
·
Identify, analyze, and question stated and unstated
assumptions of texts and draw meaningful
inferences about the intentions of authors in context.
·
Discuss a variety of argumentative and analytical assignments and demonstrate the effective
use of rhetorical strategies and an awareness of style.
·
Use a variet
y of research skills to expand analysis of a primary source, evaluating and
incorporating secondary source materials that encompass the social, historical, and critical
aspects that provide context for the argument.
About Myself:
Name: James Greene
Occupation: Senior
Logistic Analyst/Lead .
Book Review #1- The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down”Chapte.docxmoirarandell
Book Review #1- “The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down”
Chapters 1-3
Explain why Foua Yang’s birthdate may have been different in various locations in the medical charts?
Describe how the history of the Hmong people as discussed in chapter two may have influenced Foua and Nao Kao’s perception of the physicians and nurses who appear to be in charge of their daughter’s care?
How do you think to have an interpreter might have improved the outcomes of Lia’s numerous emergency room visits up to this point?
Discuss the differences in conceptual frameworks that may have led Foua and Nao Kao and the caregivers at Merced County hospital to misunderstand one another during Lia’s admissions?
How may have Foua and Nao Kao experienced cultural pain during the experience of Lia’s birth in the United States?
Assignment File(s)
NM 245 Book Review assignment overview
[MSWord]
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Next
.
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The document summarizes key aspects of mammal morphology and classification. It describes the three main ways mammals give birth - through eggs (monotremes), pouches (marsupials), or placentas (placentals). It then discusses various morphological features of mammals like hair, dentition, types of teeth, and placental structures. It also covers classification of mammals based on feeding habits and locomotion.
This document is a classification of animals by vertebrates and invertebrates. It defines vertebrates as having backbones and lists the five classifications as fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Invertebrates do not have backbones and include protozoa, annelids, echinoderms, mollusks, and arthropods. It provides examples such as sharks, poison arrow frogs, crocodiles, hummingbirds, and blue whales to illustrate vertebrate classifications and paramecium, earthworms, starfish, octopuses, and shrimp to illustrate invertebrate classifications.
This document provides information about primates found around the world and in India. It begins with a brief introduction to primates and then covers their evolutionary tree, characteristics, classification, distribution, social organization, feeding, movements, communication, intelligence, threats and conservation. Regarding Indian primates specifically, it notes that there are 22 species divided into four groups - lorises, gibbons, macaques and langurs. For each group, it provides details on the species found in India such as physical characteristics, behaviors and conservation status.
The document discusses the author's observations of different primate species at the Santa Barbara zoo. It describes observing a Bolivian grey titi monkey, noting characteristics like its medium body size. It also observed western lowland gorillas, the largest living primates, noting traits like their slow movement and use of knuckle-walking. The author observed golden lion tamarins as well, and provided details on the gorillas' herbivorous diet and large body size.
1 Lecture 7 Lecture Summary In this lecture will c.docxjoyjonna282
1
Lecture 7
Lecture Summary
In this lecture will continue the text’s discussion of bipedalism. This lecture will also
provide some further information on the early hominids: Ardipithecus, Australopithecus,
and Homo and their associated biocultural evolution.
Bipedalism
Perhaps the most crucial change in early hominid evolution was the development of
bipedal locomotion – walking on two legs. We know from the fossil record that other
important changes such as the expansion of the brain, modification of the female pelvis to
allow bigger-brained babies to be born, and significant reduction of the face, teeth, and
jaws, did not occur until about 2 million years after the emergence of bipedalism. Be
familiar with the specific anatomical features associated with bipedalism as described in
chapter 6 of your text.
Why did we evolve to become bipedal? There are at least 6 different models that have
been proposed to account for the evolution of bipedalism:
1.) Carrying model – bipedalism could have allowed our ancestors to search for and
collect food in greater safety and with greater efficiency by freeing the arms and
hands. Mothers could carry their children. They could carry sticks and rocks to
throw at predators and scavengers.
2.) Vigilance model – bipedalism, by elevating the head, helped our ancestors locate
potential food sources and dangers. This behavior is seen in other animals,
squirrels and apes, but says more about upright posture than it does of actual
locomotion.
3.) Heat dissipation model – the vertical orientation of the body in bipedalism helps
cool the body by presenting a smaller target to the equatorial sun rays and placing
more of the body above ground to catch cooling air currents. This model applies
to hominids in the hot savannah but not so much in the shady forested areas.
4.) Energy efficiency model – bipedalism is an energy-efficient way of running and
walking compared to quadrapedalism. Long periods of steady bipedal walking in
search of food would seem to require less energy but the first hominids may not
have walked quite like our more recent ancestors-they may have walked in a way
more similar to chimps. So, it has been proposed that bipedalism may have had
other advantages first and then further anatomical changes made it more energy
efficient.
5.) Foraging/bipedal model – this model suggests that standing upright provided the
benefit of reaching in bushes and trees, particular ones that were difficult to
climb.
6.) Display model – bipedalism is thought by some to have emerged as a way to
exhibit an upright display posture like that seen in chimps (and bonobos) during
dominance confrontations. An upright display conveys meaning because it makes
the individual seem larger and is directly related to mating success.
2
All of these models have some supporting evidence and it would not be absurd to assume
that perhaps some or all of them worked together ...
Mammals evolved from synapsid ancestors during the Mesozoic era. The earliest mammals had specialized teeth, small bodies, and various skeletal adaptations including differentiated dentition. The three main modern mammal groups are monotremes, marsupials, and placentals. Key mammalian adaptations include hair, three middle ear bones derived from jaw bones, and a four-chambered heart and diaphragm. Mammals exhibit diverse diets, habitats, and locomotion across nearly 4000 living species.
Anth 330Fall 2015Summation paperThis is a summation docu.docxrossskuddershamus
Anth 330
Fall 2015
Summation paper
This is a summation document so there is no right or wrong answer but I do want to see that you put some serious thought into your response.
I have found that a great many people know very little about human evolution. There tends to be more fiction than fact out there. Other than a few bits of historical fact and fiction (mostly concerning Charles Darwin) many people have a poor understanding of the historical development of the concept of biological evolution and the Western World’s concept of time.
1. Briefly summarize your understanding of the concept of human evolution and geological/archaeological time before you took this course. I expect your answer to be at least 2 pages and no more than three.
2. How have your concepts on these subjects changed having taken this course?
-What are the TWO most interesting ideas that you have gleaned from the readings or lecture material? I expect your answer to be at least 2 pages and no more than three.
3. Has any information touched on in this class made you think about taking any further course work in the subject area?
1
Lecture 7
Lecture Summary
In this lecture will continue the text’s discussion of bipedalism. This lecture will also
provide some further information on the early hominids: Ardipithecus, Australopithecus,
and Homo and their associated biocultural evolution.
Bipedalism
Perhaps the most crucial change in early hominid evolution was the development of
bipedal locomotion – walking on two legs. We know from the fossil record that other
important changes such as the expansion of the brain, modification of the female pelvis to
allow bigger-brained babies to be born, and significant reduction of the face, teeth, and
jaws, did not occur until about 2 million years after the emergence of bipedalism. Be
familiar with the specific anatomical features associated with bipedalism as described in
chapter 6 of your text.
Why did we evolve to become bipedal? There are at least 6 different models that have
been proposed to account for the evolution of bipedalism:
1.) Carrying model – bipedalism could have allowed our ancestors to search for and
collect food in greater safety and with greater efficiency by freeing the arms and
hands. Mothers could carry their children. They could carry sticks and rocks to
throw at predators and scavengers.
2.) Vigilance model – bipedalism, by elevating the head, helped our ancestors locate
potential food sources and dangers. This behavior is seen in other animals,
squirrels and apes, but says more about upright posture than it does of actual
locomotion.
3.) Heat dissipation model – the vertical orientation of the body in bipedalism helps
cool the body by presenting a smaller target to the equatorial sun rays and placing
more of the body above ground to catch cooling air currents. This model applies
to hominids in the hot savannah but not so much in the shady forested are.
Zoos can play an important role in species conservation when operated humanely. They protect endangered animals from threats in the wild like predators, starvation, sickness and injury. Zoos provide medical treatment and ensure animals have a varied, high-quality diet. They also participate in breeding programs that help threatened species recover. By housing animals safely with their needs met, zoos aim to enhance survival of those species that cannot currently live independently in the wild.
Zoos educate the public and raise awareness of conservation issues. Seeing animals up close inspires visitors to support protection of wildlife habitats. Many zoos fund field research
Anatomy of vertebrate (basic biology) unmJeny Hardiah
This document summarizes a student's report on dissecting a frog to study vertebrate anatomy. It includes the student's name, class information, and confirmation that the report was accepted. The introduction provides background on frogs and discusses the life cycle and reproduction. The purpose of the practicum is stated as allowing students to observe the shape, color, and location of organs and their relationships. The benefits are learning vertebrate anatomy. The literature review discusses frog anatomy and systems to be examined. The methods section outlines that the dissection will take place in the biology lab, and lists the tools and process used, including anesthetizing the frog before external and internal examination.
This document outlines the key characteristics that define primates as a group. It discusses their hands and feet having opposable thumbs and toes for grasping. Primates also have flexible shoulders and hips, stereoscopic vision from forward-facing eyes, and larger brains relative to other mammals. Other defining traits include an emphasis on vision over smell, lengthened development periods for offspring, and specialized dentition. Primates exhibit increased behavioral complexity and social grouping as well.
The document discusses evidence for evolution from comparative anatomy, focusing on homologous and vestigial structures. It provides 10 examples of vestigial structures in various animals, including wings on flightless birds, hind leg bones in whales, the human tailbone, blind fish eyes, and wisdom teeth in humans. It explains that these structures provide evidence of evolution from common ancestors with structures that had different functions.
Arthropoda is coming under the Kingdom of animals,
Arthropoda is the largest group of animals. These found everywhere on the Earth.
GK. artho = jointed ; podos = foot
The document discusses the evolution of bipedalism in humans and their ancestors. It describes how scientists believe bipedalism first evolved in early hominids that lived in Africa between 5-8 million years ago. This led to anatomical changes like the skull centering over the spinal column. While bipedalism provided advantages for moving on land, it also resulted in disadvantages like a narrower birth canal for women and increased risk of back problems.
Snakes have unique sensory organs that rely primarily on smell and touch rather than sight and hearing. They detect smells with their forked tongue and vomeronasal organ, and some pit vipers can sense infrared heat with pits between their eyes and nostrils. Snakes are covered in scales and shed their skin periodically. Internally, they have specialized respiratory, circulatory, digestive, and reproductive systems adapted for their limbless bodies.
The document traces human evolution from primates to modern humans based on fossil and genetic evidence. Key events include:
- Primates diverged from other mammals around 55 million years ago, with the earliest primate fossil dated to 65 million years ago.
- The earliest hominins, like Sahelanthropus tchadensis from 6-7 million years ago, displayed both ape-like and human-like traits.
- Species like Australopithecus afarensis from 3-2.9 million years ago were the first to walk fully upright.
- Homo habilis and Homo erectus, dating back to 2.3 million and 1.8 million years ago respectively
This document discusses human evolution and the evidence from fossils that show how humans developed from early hominids. It provides a timeline of major hominid species like Australopithecus, Homo habilis, Homo erectus, and Homo sapiens. It describes changes in anatomy that characterize human evolution like the positioning of the foramen magnum, increased brain size, flatter faces, and changes in teeth and jaw structure. The document also discusses where the oldest hominid fossils have been found, with East Africa considered the likely "cradle of humankind." Key sites in South Africa like Sterkfontein are also mentioned where many important early hominid fossils have been discovered.
Characteristics And Characteristics Of The SpeciesMary Brown
The document provides information about two parasites: Toxoplasma gondii and Enterobius vermicularis. Both are classified as protists and parasites that derive nutrition from their hosts. While T. gondii infects many warm-blooded animals and causes the disease toxoplasmosis, E. vermicularis is commonly known as the pinworm and specifically infects humans, causing enterobiasis. A key difference is that T. gondii infects various tissues throughout the body, while E. vermicularis infects the gastrointestinal tract.
The document summarizes research on the growth and development of chimpanzees. It discusses how chimpanzees learn necessary survival skills through social and cultural contexts, passing traits from mother to offspring. Chimpanzees demonstrate tool use behaviors like nut cracking which are transferred culturally between communities over generations. One study showed chimpanzees in one community learning to crack a new type of nut from an adult who had experience with that nut in a different community, providing evidence of cultural transmission between groups.
Similar to Biology in the Present The OtherLiving PrimatesCLARK .docx (18)
BOOK REVIEWS How to write a book review There are two .docxmoirarandell
BOOK REVIEWS: How to write a book review
There are two approaches to book reviewing:
Descriptive reviews give the essential information about a book. This is done with description and
exposition, by stating the perceived aims and purposes of the author, and by quoting striking passages
from the text.
Critical reviews describe and evaluate the book, in terms of accepted literary and historical standards,
and supports this evaluation with evidence from the text. The following pointers are meant to be
suggestions for writing a critical review.
Basic requirements
To write a critical review, the reviewer must know two things:
Knowing the work under review: This demands not only attempting to understand the author's purpose
and how the component parts of the work contribute to that purpose, but also knowledge of the
author: his/her nationality, time period, other works etc.
Requirements of the genre: This means understanding the art form and how it functions. Without such
context, the reviewer has no historical or literary standard upon which to base an evaluation.
Reviewing essentials
Description of the book. Sufficient description should be given so that the reader will have some
understanding of the author's thoughts. This account is not a summary. It can be woven into the critical
remarks.
Discuss the author. Biographical information should be relevant to the subject of the review and
enhance the reader's understanding of the work under discussion.
Appraise the book. A review must be a considered judgment that includes:
a statement of the reviewer's understanding of the author's purpose
how well the reviewer feels the author's purpose has been achieved
evidence to support the reviewer's judgement of the author' achievement.
While you read:
Read the book with care.
Highlight quotable passages.
Note your impressions as you read.
Allow time to assimilate what you read so that the book can be seen in perspective.
Keep in mind the need for a single impression which must be clear to the reader.
The review outline
A review outline gives you an over-all grasp of the organization of the review, to determine the central
point your review will make, to eliminate inessentials or irrelevancies, and to fill in gaps or omissions.
Examine the notes you have made and eliminate those with no relationship to your central
thesis.
By organizing your discussion topics into groups, aspects of the book will emerge: e.g., theme,
character, structure, etc.
Write down all the major headings of the outline and fill in the subdivisions.
All parts should support your thesis or central point.
First draft
Opening paragraphs set the tone of the paper. Possible introductions usually make a statement about
the:
Thesis
Authorial purpose
Topicality of the work or its significance
Comparison of the work to others by the same author or within the same genre.
Book Review #3- The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down”Ch.docxmoirarandell
Book Review #3- “The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down”
Chapters 7-12
Do you believe removing Lia from her parent's care was the right choice for her overall wellbeing? Why or why not?
How did the author find an interpreter that was successful in serving as a cultural broker between herself and the Lees?
How did Jeanine Hilt advocate for the Lee family?
Explain how Neil Ernst and the Lees may have differed culturally in their understanding of the value or perception of the Ernst's’ family vacation.
Give three reasons why many Hmong may have resisted leaving the refugee camp (Ban Vanai) in Thailand.
.
Book required Current Issues and Enduring Questions, by Sylvan Ba.docxmoirarandell
Book required: Current Issues and Enduring Questions, by Sylvan Barnet (Links to an external site.), Hugo Bedau (Links to an external site.), John O'Hara (Links to an external site.) ISBN 1319035477 which should be edition 11
REQUIREMENTS:
· Organize ideas in well-developed, coherent, and stylistically sophisticated analytical essays.
· Evaluate and improve his/her writing process by revising and editing his/her won essays
· Apply logical reasoning to identify and evaluate authors’ use of rhetorical techniques, participate in critical thinking class discussions and activities, and compose clearly organized and effectively argued written analyses of those texts.
· Identify, analyze, and question stated and unstated assumptions of texts and draw meaningful inferences about the intentions of authors in context.
· Discuss a variety of argumentative and analytical assignments and demonstrate the effective use of rhetorical strategies and an awareness of style.
· Use a variety of research skills to expand analysis of a primary source, evaluating and incorporating secondary source materials that encompass the social, historical, and critical aspects that provide context for the argument.
About Myself:
Name: James Greene
Occupation: Senior Logistic Analyst/Lead For NAVSUP Fleet Logistic Center (FLC) San Dirgo In Support of Littoral Combat Ships (LCS)
Major: AA In Business Administration this my last I need to achieve goal. Working toward a BA in Business Management from University Of Redlands.
Retired Navy Veteran retired in Jun 2010
Married all three of my children attend Southwestern
Ordain Pastor
Hobbies:
Live Concerts
Bowling
Movies
Traveling
Book required:
Current Issues and Enduring Questions, by
Sylvan Barnet
(Links to an external
site.)
,
Hugo Bedau
(Links to an external site.)
,
John O'Hara
(Links to an external
site.)
ISBN
1319035477
which should be edition 11
R
EQUIREMENTS
:
·
Organize ideas in well
-
developed, coherent, and stylistically sophisticated analytical essays.
·
Evaluate and improve his/her writing process by revising and editing his/her won essays
·
Apply logical reasoning to identify a
nd evaluate authors’ use of rhetorical techniques,
participate in critical thinking class discussions and activities, and compose clearly organized
and effectively argued written analyses of those texts.
·
Identify, analyze, and question stated and unstated
assumptions of texts and draw meaningful
inferences about the intentions of authors in context.
·
Discuss a variety of argumentative and analytical assignments and demonstrate the effective
use of rhetorical strategies and an awareness of style.
·
Use a variet
y of research skills to expand analysis of a primary source, evaluating and
incorporating secondary source materials that encompass the social, historical, and critical
aspects that provide context for the argument.
About Myself:
Name: James Greene
Occupation: Senior
Logistic Analyst/Lead .
Book Review #1- The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down”Chapte.docxmoirarandell
Book Review #1- “The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down”
Chapters 1-3
Explain why Foua Yang’s birthdate may have been different in various locations in the medical charts?
Describe how the history of the Hmong people as discussed in chapter two may have influenced Foua and Nao Kao’s perception of the physicians and nurses who appear to be in charge of their daughter’s care?
How do you think to have an interpreter might have improved the outcomes of Lia’s numerous emergency room visits up to this point?
Discuss the differences in conceptual frameworks that may have led Foua and Nao Kao and the caregivers at Merced County hospital to misunderstand one another during Lia’s admissions?
How may have Foua and Nao Kao experienced cultural pain during the experience of Lia’s birth in the United States?
Assignment File(s)
NM 245 Book Review assignment overview
[MSWord]
Previous
Next
.
Book reportGringo viejo- Carlos FuentesThe written book repo.docxmoirarandell
Book report
Gringo viejo- Carlos Fuentes
The written book report must include the following (5 paragraphs,3-4 pages,
in spanish
). always include a bibliography with the name of the book and the author, publisher, and copyright date.
A. introduction-
name, author of the book and brief background of the author. Also, in the introduction there should be a summary of the storys main idea{theme}, or briefly describe what the book is about
B.Body of the report
- the body of the report is made up of several paragraphs. you can start with a paragraph about the main characters, this may or may not include a physical description of the characters, but it will definitively include a description of their personalities.
c.
Figure out which type of conflict or problem exists in the story, and explain it in another paragraph.
no plagerism, double spaced, in spanish
.
Book reference Kouzes, James M. and Posner, Barry Z. The Leadership.docxmoirarandell
This document provides instructions for a personal leadership audit assignment based on Kouzes and Posner's book "The Leadership Challenge". Students are asked to complete a 2-3 page paper in APA format that answers questions about definitions of leadership, different leadership types, the five practices of exemplary leadership, characteristics of effective leaders, their own leadership style, past managers' styles, and traits of contemporary leaders.
BOOK PICTURE I POSTED TOO. Go to the the textbook, study chapt.docxmoirarandell
BOOK PICTURE I POSTED TOO.
Go to the the textbook, study
chapter 8
on the media, and discuss these issues:
1.Planned obsolescence: provide
Examples
that should not be in the book but from your own life experience)
Fig. 8.7 in the textbook: Violence in the media, and video games.
Examples
should from your own life experience,
Media globalization: Examples. Is it good or bad for the cultural values of the countries involved?
China and the Internet censorship: Why China is doing what it is doing?
.
Book ListBecker, Ernest The Denial of D.docxmoirarandell
Book List
Becker, Ernest The Denial of Death
Castaneda, Carlos The Journey to Ixlan
Castaneda, Carlos The Active Side of Infinity
Jung, C.G. Modern Man in Search of a Soul
Moore, Thomas Care of the Soul
May, Rollo The Cry for Myth
Peck, M. Scott The Road Less Traveled
Keen, Sam Inward Bound
Huxley, Adlous The Doors of Perception
Jaynes, Julian The Origin of Consciousness in the
Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind
Storr & Stevens Freud & Jung
Singer, June Boundaries of the Soul
Esters, Clarissa Pinkola Women Who Run With the Wolves
Grof, Stanislav Spiritual Emergency
Jung, C.G. Memories, Dreams, Reflections
Hillman, James We’ve Had a Hundred Years of Psychotherapy
And the World’s Getting Worse
Hesse, Herman Steppenwolf
Chodron, Pema The Places that Scare You
Grof, Christina & Stan The Stormy Search for the Self
Jung, C.G. Flying Saucers
Jung, C.G. Psychology and the Occult
Freud, Sigmund Civilization and its Discontents
M. Scott Peck People of the Lie
Baumeister, Roy Evil: Inside Human Violence and Cruelty
Frankl, Viktor Man’s Search for Meaning
Storr, Anthony The Essential Jung
Strassman, Rick DMT: The Spirit Molecule
Watson, John B. Behaviorism
Freud, Sigmund The Interpretation of Dreams
Stevens, Jay Storming Heaven: LSD and the American
Dream
Fromm, Erich Escape from Freedom
Jung, Carl Answer to Job
Kubler-Ross, Elizabeth Death and Dying
Skinner, B.F. Beyond Freedom and Dignity
Amundsen, Christan Insights From the Secret Teachings of Jesus
Ruiz, Don Miguel The Four Agreements
Moody, Raymond Life After Life
Jonas, Hans The Gnostic Religion
Ellis, Albert
The Myth of Self-Esteem: How
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy Can
Change Your Life Forever.
May, Rollo The Discovery of Being: Writings
.
This very short document contains a brief mention of a book list and random number table but provides no further details about either. It gives only a high-level indication of two items without any contextual or explanatory information.
Book is Media Literacy. Eighth EditionW.JamesPotte.docxmoirarandell
Book is
Media Literacy. Eighth Edition
W.
James
Potter
University
of
California,
Santa
Barbara
Respond to the following in a minimum of 175 words:
Describe the process of creating meaning.
Provide an example of how you might assign meaning to a media message you have encountered.
.
Book Forensic and Investigative AccountingPlease answer t.docxmoirarandell
Book: Forensic and Investigative Accounting
Please answer the questions listed below and submit in a word document.
Exercise 41.
What are Howard M. Schilit’s seven financial shenanigans?
Exercise 71.
Go to the FBI internet site or search other sources and prepare a report as to the fraudulent activities in these companies. How did the people pull off the fraud?
a.
Quest Communication.
b.
AmeriFunding.
.
Book Criminoloy Second EditionRead Chapter 6. Please submit .docxmoirarandell
Book "Criminoloy Second Edition
"
Read Chapter 6. Please submit your responses to the following questions via the drop box:
1. What is
social disorganization
? How does it contribute to crime? What were Shaw and McKay's findings with regards to the
Concentric Zone
model?
2. Define
anomie. How does this "cause" crime.
3. Briefly explain Robert K. Merton's
Mean/Ends Theory (Modes of Adaptation).
4. According to Robert Agnew, what are the 3 major types of
negative relationships
which cause
strain
?
5. What would
Albert Cohen
say caused crime? What are
middle-class measuring rods
?
6. How do
Sykes and Matza
differ from Cohen in their belief of crime causation?
7. Briefly explain the
violent subculture theory
of Marvin Wolfgang.
.
Book Discussion #2 Ideas(may select 1 or more to respond to).docxmoirarandell
Book Discussion #2 Ideas
(may select 1 or more to respond to) submit to Discussion Drop Box by 3/1 at 11:59 pm
:
1. Write on contrasting Kant's approach to ethics with consequentialism. Which do you think is better, and why?
2. Explain Kant's principle of universalizability and the principle of humanity. Do they ever give conflicting advice? If so, which do you think is a better guide to our moral obligations?
3. Kant claims that humans have a special kind of value not possessed by anything else on earth. How does he justify this claim? What are the implications of this view regarding the moral status of non-human animals? Do you find this view plausible?
4. What gives actions
moral worth
, according to Kant? Compare Kant's view on this subject with the view of the utilitarian. Which view do you think is preferable, and why?
See RUBRIC and Example tabs (Maximum 30% similarity). Submit in Discussion Drop Box. No late assignments.
.
BOOK 1984 MiniProject What makes a human beingOne .docxmoirarandell
BOOK 1984
MiniProject: What makes a human being?
One of the themes of 1984 is human dignity. In Part Two, Winston’s dreams and memories of his
mother lead him to an appreciation of the proles and to the realization that “the proles had stayed
human” (165). In Part Three, O’Brien refers to Winston as “the last man...the guardian of the
human spirit” (270).
Step 1: Write to analyze and explain your perspective on what it means to be human. Your writing
should be 1-2 pages typed and printed. Think about all of the qualities that make a person
“human” according to Winston—qualities that Winston says the Party has taken away and that
Winston has had to “relearn by conscious effort” (165). Consider those qualities in your analysis
and emphasize and/or add the qualities that you feel are most important to being human. Be sure
to reflect the importance of each of the qualities both within the novel as well as importance to the
human experience.
Step 2: Choose from the options below or create your own (must be approved) to present/
illustrate your analysis:
2. Create a “recipe” that contains all of the essential “ingredients” that make up a human being.
3. Write your own lyrics to a song that explains what it means to be human.
4. Reflect key events from Winston or Julia’s point of view (ex. diary, social media account, video).
5. Make a written, audio, video, visual recording of Winston’s diary throughout the novel.
6. Create an interview with one of the characters (ex. News broadcast, talk show).
10. Create your own original ending for the novel.
Conflict Resolution Strategies
Outline
Conflict Resolution Strategies – FH (Cultural Clashes in Workplace)
I. Understanding the conflict
· Identify contributing factors to conflicts in work environment.
· Identify the parties involved in the conflict.
· Approach towards achieving resolution.
II. Goals
· The short-term goal of conflict resolution.
· The long-term goals of conflict resolution.
III. The actual practice of conflict
· Theoretical information which is the description of conflict resolutions that is to be used.
· Inventive practices that show why this initiative is unique in resolving conflict.
· The step by step instructions of resolving conflict in the workplace.
IV. Conclusion
· The guidebook towards achieving conflict resolution.
· Resources necessary for establishing better conflict resolution.
· Contact information for conflict management groups.
GYPSYLOXX™ Conflict resolution Training ManualWelcome to the GLX Team
The GLX mission is to start a movement to inspire the youth to become their own person; to create a distinctive look that is modern, upscale and versatile; as well as doing our best to assure ultimate Customer satisfaction. As a member of the GLX team, you are responsible for creating a friendly work environment by exhibiting the positive traits listed in this manual.
We were very impressed with your experience and/or skill set and we think you w.
Bonds are a vital source of financing to governments and corpora.docxmoirarandell
Bonds are a vital source of financing to governments and corporations of all types. In this discussion forum, you will have the opportunity to discuss possible sources of risks from the investors’ perspective.
For your initial post, assess what you think are the top three biggest risks for investors associated in bond investments, and explain why. Support your claims with references to at least one recent relevant news article from a credible financial media source (i.e., Bloomberg Business Week, Wall Street Journal, Yahoo Finance, etc.)
.
Bond Company adopted the dollar-value LIFO inventory method on Janua.docxmoirarandell
Bond Company adopted the dollar-value LIFO inventory method on January 1, 2013. In applying the LIFO method, Bond uses internal cost indexes and the multiple-pools approach. The following data were available for Inventory Pool No. 3 for the two years following the adoption of LIFO:
Ending Inventory
At Current
At Base
Year
Cost
Year Cost
Cost index
1/1/13
$305,000
$305,000
1.00
12/31/13
334,360
321,500
1.04
12/31/14
441,440
356,000
1.24
Under the dollar-value LIFO method the inventory at December 31, 2014, should be
.
Boley A Negro Town in the American West (1908) The commu.docxmoirarandell
Boley: A Negro Town in the American West (1908)
The community of Boley, in the Creek Nation of Indian Territory, or what is now Oklahoma,
was one of thirty black towns founded in the West after the Civil War and settled by immigrants
from the South and Middle West. Blacks first arrived in Oklahoma as the slaves of Cherokees
and Creeks. The Indians had been displaced from the Carolinas and Georgia during the 1830s
and forced to relocate by foot along the "Trail of Tears" to new lands in Oklahoma. In 1908, a
year after Oklahoma was granted statehood, Booker T. Washington described the town's
development.
The large proportions of the northward and westward movement of the negro population recall
the Kansas exodus of thirty years ago, when within a few months more than forty thousand
helpless and destitute negroes from the country districts of Arkansas and Mississippi poured into
eastern Kansas in search of "better homes, larger opportunities, and kindlier treatment."
It is a striking evidence of the progress made in thirty years that the present northward and
westward movement of the negro people has brought into these new lands, not a helpless and
ignorant horde of black people--but land-seekers and home-builders, men who have come
prepared to build up the country. In the thirty years since the Kansas exodus the southern negroes
have learned to build schools, to establish banks and conduct newspapers. They have recovered
something of the knack for trade that their foreparents in Africa were famous for. They have
learned through their churches and their secret orders the art of corporate and united action. This
experience has enabled them to set up and maintain in a raw western community, numbering
2,500, an orderly and self-respecting government.
In the fall of 1905 I spent a week in the Territories of Oklahoma and Indian Territory. During the
course of my visit I had an opportunity for the first time to see the three races--the negro, the
Indian, and the white man--living side by side, each in sufficient numbers to make their influence
felt in the communities of which they were a part, and in the Territory as a whole. . . .
One cannot escape the impression, in traveling through Indian Territory, that the Indians, who
own practically all the lands, and until recently had the local government largely in their own
hands, are to a very large extent regarded by the white settlers, who are rapidly filling up the
country, as almost a negligible quantity. To such an extent is this true that the Constitution of
Oklahoma, as I understand it, takes no account of the Indians in drawing its distinctions among
the races. For the Constitution there exist only the negro and the white man. The reason seems to
be that the Indians have either receded--"gone back," as the saying in that region is on the
advance of the white race, or they have intermarried with and become absorbed with it. Indeed,
so rapidly has this interma.
BoF Professional Member Exclusive articles & analysis availa.docxmoirarandell
BoF Professional Member Exclusive: articles & analysis available only to you. View the archive.
lg Professional !
CEO TALK
Burberry Stops Destroying Product and Bans Real Fur
A PR backlash enveloped Burberry following the revelation that it destroyed £28.6 million worth of unsold product last year. Now, the company is ending the practice and banning animal fur. In a global exclusive interview, BoF's
Imran Amed sits down with Burberry CEO Marco Gobbetti to decode the thinking behind the move.
BY IMRAN AMED
SEPTEMBER 6, 2018 05:28
ACTION REQUIRED: You are currently missing out on important BoF Professional membership beneNts. Click here to rectify.
LONDON, United Kingdom — Burberry is stopping its longstanding practice of destroying unsold product after a firestorm of negative press and social media posts in July. That month, it emerged that the British brand had destroyed £28.6 million ($36.8 million) worth of product — including clothing, accessories
and perfume — in fiscal 2017/2018. The company has destroyed £105 million ($135 million) of unsold product in the last five years, a practice it has previously disclosed in its annual reports.
Alongside the shift, Burberry is also banning the use of animal fur — including rabbit, fox, mink and Asiatic raccoon, as well as angora — in its runway collections, beginning with new chief creative officer Riccardo Tisci’s highly anticipated debut collection set to be unveiled on September 17 at London Fashion Week.
Existing fur products will be phased out over time, however the brand will continue to sell products made with shearling.
“Modern luxury means being socially and environmentally responsible. This belief is core to us at Burberry and key to our long-term success,” said chief executive Marco Gobbetti in a statement.
But clearly, the negative publicity was a wake-up call for the British luxury behemoth. “We are in the midst of an environmental crisis exacerbated by the fashion industry,” read an open letter to Burberry from second-hand retailer ThredUp, which captured the sentiment of the backlash. “Fashion is now responsible
for 10 percent of global carbon emissions and is projected to drain a quarter of the world’s carbon budget by 2050. We respect the desire to protect your brand image but discounting your product shouldn’t be scarier than setting it on fire.”
Burberry is not the only fashion or luxury brand to have destroyed product. Last November, H&M was reported to have burned unsold products. According to the New York Times, Nike slashes its unsold sneakers. And, Richemont has reportedly destroyed more than £400 million worth of watches from high-end
brands including Cartier and Jaeger-LeCoultre.
Indeed, it is one of the industry’s dirty secrets that brands regularly destroy product to protect their intellectual property from counterfeiters and to limit the diminished brand perception that comes with disposing of excess stock through heavy discounting.
Burberry says its new.
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP ModuleCeline George
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.