![Production in India in 2009 (Source: FAO)
[Meat ‘000 tonnes (carcass weight equivalent); Milk: million
tonnes ]
Bovine meat 2,848
Ovine meat 800
Pig meat 500
Poultry meat 2,624
Milk & milk products 112.3](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/animalfeeddrdhingra-170801164633/85/Animal-feed-constituents-5-320.jpg)
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Animal feed constituents
This document discusses the utilization of co-products from oilseed processing and potato waste in animal feed. It provides information on feed production in India, composition and use of various oilseed meals and co-products in feed. Potato waste and rejected potato chips can be used to produce nutritious animal feed pellets after processing. The document also outlines the associations involved in the feed industry and the various steps in processing feed from raw materials.
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Animal feed constituents
- 1. Utilization of co-productsof oil seed processing and potato waste in animal feed Devinder Dhingra
- 2. Feeds by categories •Cattlefeed •Broiler /Layer feed •Fish feed •Pet feed •Others
- 3. Associations CLFMA- Compound LivestockFeed Manufacturers Association of India SEAI- Solvent Extractors Association of India ASA-IM- American Soybean Association- Intl. Mktg
- 4. • 70 %of the cost of milk/ meat production goes for fodder/ feed , 30 % ( medical/ labour cost) • Feeding food waste to animals is a competitive alternative to grain/protein sorces
- 5. Production in Indiain 2009 (Source: FAO) [Meat ‘000 tonnes (carcass weight equivalent); Milk: million tonnes ] Bovine meat 2,848 Ovine meat 800 Pig meat 500 Poultry meat 2,624 Milk & milk products 112.3
- 6. Table: Feed useby animal types Poultry 40-42 % Pigs 30 % Dairy cattle 16 % Beef cattle 6 % Fish 4 % Others 3 % Alimuhammed Lakdawala, Anandrarthi Commodites Ltd.
- 7. World feed demand Cereals: 775 million tonnes (128 million tonnes + 638 million tonnes) Oilcakes : 115 million tonnes Total oilseeds production (world): 440 million tonnes World oilseed meal usage : 314 million tonnes
- 8. Table: Indian Productionof Oilseeds/ Oil Bearing Materials vis-à-vis Availability of oilcakes/meal (Quantity in Mn. T) Commodity 2009-10 (P) 2008-09 2007-08 Oilseed* Oilcake/Mea l Oilseed* Oilcake/Mea l Oilseed* Oilcake/Mea l Groundnut (In Shell) 5.12 1.54 5.92 1.78 6.89 2.07 Rapeseed 6.42 2.89 6.70 3.02 4.79 2.15 Soybean 8.50 5.10 8.90 5.34 9.46 5.68 Sunflowersee d 0.99 0.74 1.15 0.86 1.46 1.10 Seasame 0.76 0.42 0.58 0.32 0.66 0.43 Safflower 0.15 0.08 0.17 0.09 0.17 0.09 Copra 0.66 0.21 0.65 0.22 0.65 0.22 Cottonseed 9.15 7.78 8.68 7.38 9.92 8.42 Ricebran 3.50 2.62 3.90 2.90 3.80 2.85 Minor Oilseeds 0.50 0.40 0.50 0.40 0.50 0.40 Total 35.75 21.78 37.15 22.31 38.30 23.43 * Trade estimate
- 9. Table:Soybean usage trendsin animal feed industry Sector Current Soy use (MMT) Broiler 2.00 Layer 1.00 Aquaculture 0.19 Dairy 0.10 Others 0.10 Total 3.39 Crush for oil/Crush for meal •More protein •Lower FCR
- 10. Table: Composition ofoilseed meals & cereal byproducts Dry matter, % CP, % MET LYS THR TRP ( % of C P) Soy meal 89.11 48.34 1.29 6.10 3.81 1.30 Rapeseed meal 90.40 38.67 1.85 4.52 4.32 2.68 Sunflower meal 91.09 30.38 2.16 3.54 3.54 1.29 Groundnut meal 92.48 43.41 1.12 3.42 2.62 0.99 DORB 88.98 16.97 1.95 4.64 3.87 1.23 CGM 90.67 62.97 2.25 1.71 3.31 0.53 MET- Methonine LYS- Lysine THR- Threonine TRP- Tryptophan
- 11. SOYMEAL Protein Not lessthan 50-51 % Fibre 3-3.5 % Fat 1-1.5 % Sand- Silica 0.15 % Moisture Not more than 10 % Protein solubility in KOH: 70-85 % Protein dispersibility indicator (PDI): 15-30 % Urease Index: rise in pH < 0.3
- 12. Table: Proximate analysisof raw potatoes and waste potato pulp and rejected chips Parameters Raw potato(%) Potato pulp- waste (%) Potato chips- rejected (%) Moisture 77.8 75.5 4.6 Protein 2.1 2.4 9.8 Fat 0.1 0.1 32.7 Crude fibre 0.9 1.0 4.7 Crude ash 1.1 1.1 3.9 Moisture 77.8 75.5 4.6
- 13. Fig: Animal feedpellets prepared from potato waste
- 14. Table:Composition of animalfeed prepared from potato waste Parameters Contents (% dry weight) Moisture 11.32 Protein 24.77 Fat 7.76 Crude fibre 7.60 Crude ash 4.49 Acid insoluble ash 3.88 True density 1.39-1.43 g/cc
- 15. WASTE TREATMENT USE Bananapeel Vermi composting Vermi compost Skin/seed/peels Vermi composting Vermi compost Tomato skin/seeds Extraction of lycopene Lycopene Mango kernels/peel Drying Animal feed Apple pomace Chemical/biochemical conversion Vinegar, pectin, dietary fibre Carbohydrate/starch rich fractions (potato pulp,corn solubles etc.) Fermentation Substrate for micro-organisms Alcohol Enzymes Apple pomace Chemical/biochemical conversion Vinegar, pectin, dietary fibre Mollases Fermentation Ethanol Fish waste Drying Feedstuff for poultry, fish
- 16. Cleaner Destoner Hammer mill /grinder or pulveriser (screen size 2.5 mm; 0.6-0.8 mm) Mixer/Blender Vertical pelletiser/Horizontal pelletiser (rpm 125-300; 6/9/12mm) Extruder with pre-conditioner Drier Weighing and bagging machines. Feed Processing
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- 20. Extrusion Processing •Good forprocessing ingredients & feed •Provides formulation flexibility •Versatile in giving physical shape/size •Higher water stability •Higher physical integrity •Higher fat absorption capacity •Ability to control product density •Enhances feed efficiency •Prolongs shelf life / sterilizes •Good gelatinization of starches (90%)
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