This document provides an overview of Android technology, detailing its history, architecture, features, and development processes. It discusses the Android operating system created by Google for mobile devices, including its programming languages, device compatibility, and market for applications. Additionally, it highlights the various versions of Android, their distribution, and the capabilities of Android applications.

1. Android Technology .
Paper by : Omkar S. Tembe
Vipul S.Phadtare
( B.C.A.III )
D.G.College of Commerce , Satara.1

2.  Android is an open source operating system, created by Google
specifically for use on mobile devices (cell phones and tablets)
 Android is the software stack for mobile devices that includes …..
1) An operating system
2) Middleware
3) Key Applications
 Android can be programmed in C/C++ but most app development is done
in Java as Java gives access to C Libraries via JNI (JNI = Java Native Interface)
 Supports Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and 3G and 4G networking
 Introduction :-
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3.  2005
a) Google acquired Android Inc. to start Android platform
b) Work on Dalvik Virtual Machine begun
 2007
a) Open Handset Alliance announced
b) Early look at SDK
 2008
a) Google sponsored 1st Android Developer Challenge
b) T-Mobile G1 announced
c) SDK 1.0 released
d) Android released open source (Apache License)
e) Android Dev Phone 1 released
 History :-
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4.  Versions of Android : -
Kit Kat
Android 4.4
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5.  Versions of Android (Tabular Form): -
Version Code Name Release Date Distribution (%)
4.4 Kit Kat September 3 , 2013 0%
4.3 Jelly Bean July 24, 2013 0%
4.2 Jelly Bean November 13, 2012 8.5%
4.1 Jelly Bean July 9, 2012 36.6%
4.0.3-4.0.4 Ice Cream Sandwich December 16, 2011 21.7%
3.2 Honey Comb July 15, 2011 0.1%
3.1 Honey Comb
May 10, 2011 0 %
2.3.3-2.3.7 Ginger Bread February 9, 2011 30.7%
2.3-2.3.2 Ginger Bread December 6, 2010 0%
2.2 Froyo May 20, 2010 2.4%
2.0-2.1 Eclair October 26, 2009 0%
1.6 Donut September 15, 2009 0%
1.5 Cupcake April 30, 2009 0% 5

6.  Distribution of Android Devices :-
Data collected during a 14-day period ending on
January 3, 2012
Ginger Bread
Froyo
Eclair
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7.  Distribution of Android Devices :-
Data collected during a 7-day period ending on Sept 4, 2013.
Any versions with less than 0.1% distribution are not shown
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8.  Application Framework
 Dalvik virtual machine
 Integrated (web kit) browser
 2D and 3D graphics APIs with HW
 SQLite
 Video and audio codecs
 Bluetooth, EDGE, 3G, and Wi-Fi
 Camera, GPS, compass, and accelerometer
 Features of Android : -
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9.  Architecture of Android :-
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10.  Examples of Android Devices :-
Android powered Microwave Oven Galaxy Tablet 10

11.  Built using Java and new SDK libraries
 Java code compiled into Dalvik byte code (.dex)
 Optimized for mobile devices (better memory management,
battery utilization, etc.)
 Dalvik VM runs .dex files
 By default, each app is run in its own Linux process
 Process started when app’s code needs to be executed
 Threads can be started to handle time-consuming operations
 Each process has its own Dalvik VM
 By default, each app is assigned unique Linux ID
 Permissions are set so app’s files are only visible to that app
 Android Apps ( Introduction ) :-
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12.  Android Application Development :-
Eclipse IDE
Android
SDK
Android
Emulator
Android
Mobile
Device
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13.  Development Process Of Android
Application :-
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14. Definition : Any application that runs on a mobile
device.
Types
1) Web apps : run in a web browser
HTML, JavaScript, Flash, server-side
components , etc.
2) Native : compiled binaries for the device
often make use of web services
 Mobile Applications ( Introduction ) :-
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15.  Android Market :-
 Has various categories, allows ratings
 Have both free/paid apps
 Featured apps on web and on phone
 The Android Market (and iTunes/App Store) is great for developers
1) Level playing field, allowing third-party apps
2) Revenue sharing
 Requires Google Developer Account : $25 fee
 Link to a Merchant Account
 Google Checkout
 Link to your checking account
 Google takes 30% of app purchase price
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16.  Paid apps in Android Market, various other markets
 Free, ad-supported apps in Android Market
1) Ad networks (Google Ad Mob, Quattro Wireless)
2) Sell your own ads
 Services to other developers
1) Ex. Skyhook Wireless
(http://www.skyhookwireless.com/)
 Contests (Android Developer Challenge)
 Selling products from within your app
 Android Market :-
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17.  Android Market :-
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18.  Scope of Android :-
 Augmented Campus Reality
camera + maps + compass = heads up info
 Games
multi-player (Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, cell)
location-based (scavenger hunt)
 Custom overlays for maps
weather, traffic, friends
 Web scraping
news filters
sport scores
news eliminators
 Distributed computing
10,000 phones all donating their idle time
tiny terminal (phone) + fast cpu/network (server)
 Shared whiteboard
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19. Android Power: http://blogs.computerworld.com/raphael
The Droid Guy: http://thedroidguy.com/
Seeing through Windows: http://blogs.computerworld.com/gralla
Phandroid: http://phandroid.com/
Android Guys: http://www.androidguys.com/
CW: http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9178688/
Wireless & Mobile News: http://www.wirelessandmobilenews.com/android
 References :-
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20. Thank you !!!
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