The document provides an overview of Android development architecture and basics. It discusses programming for mobile devices and introduces Android, covering its architecture, version history, key components like activities, services, and intents. It also demonstrates a simple "Hello World" Android code example and discusses tools for testing apps like the Android Virtual Device.

1. ANDROID
DEVELOPMENT
ARCHITECTURE &
BASICS
Krishna Engineering College, Coimbatore

2. Agenda
 Programming for Mobile Devices
 Google Android – an Introduction
 Android – Architecture
 Android – Basics
 Basic Code Demos
 Discussions

3. Programming for Mobile
Devices
 Q: Why Mobile Devices are Better then
Computers.
 The Advantages of Mobile Computing
 Handheld Device access to any required information
 Contacts, Calendar, Quick Notes, Photo & Video, Music…
 Feature Phones, Smart Phones and PDA
 Business Opportunities – Design, Development,
Testing
 Edutainment, Business, Infotainment, Social
Networking
 Constraints
 Small Size and Low power Handsets
 Operating Systems, Screen Size, Memory, Processor,

4. Mobile Operating Systems
 Quick Review
 Symbian OS – Nokia / Samsung [Feature
Phones/ Smart Phones]
 I-Phone – Apple iOS
 Black berry – Research In Motion [RIM]
Blackberry OS
 Android – Google Android OS
 Windows Mobile – Microsoft Windows CE /
Windows Phone 7

5. The Business Market of Android
Share of worldwide 2011 Q2 Smartphone
sales to end users by operating system,
according to Gartner. Gartner, Inc.
(NYSE: IT) is an information technology
research and advisory firm
headquartered in Stamford, Connecticut,
United States.

6. Google Android – An
Introduction
 Originally released in 2008
 Open Source Platform - Android Open Source
Project (AOSP) – from Google Code Project
 Hardware Support – Intel, ARM, HTC, Motorola
and Samsung
 Google's proprietary applications - Maps,
Calendar, and Gmail, and a full HTML web
browser [a different version of Google Chrome].
 Android App Store – User Generated Apps
 Jan 2010 – Nexus One Phone with Android OS –
by Google Inc.

7. Android Version History
 2.0 (Eclair)
 New web browser,
 Updated User interface
 Support for HTML5 and the W3C Geolocation API.
 Enhanced camera app with features like digital zoom,
flash, color effects, and more.
 2.1 (Eclair)
 Support for voice controls throughout the entire OS.
 Launcher, with 5 home-screens, animated
backgrounds
 Weather app, and improved functionality in the Email
and Phonebook apps.

8. Android Version History
 2.2 (Froyo)
 Performance improvements with JIT optimization and
the Chrome V8 JavaScript engine, and added Wi-Fi
hotspot tethering and Adobe Flash support
 2.3 (Gingerbread)
 Enhanced User interface, improved the soft keyboard and
copy/paste features, and added support for Near Field
Communication
 3.0 (Honeycomb)
 tablet-oriented larger screen devices and introduces many
new user interface features
 supports multi-core processors and hardware acceleration
for graphics.

9. Android Version History
 3.1 (Honeycomb)
 Google I/O to allow honeycomb devices to
directly transfer content from USB devices
 3.2 (Honeycomb)
 incremental release
 Optimization for a broader range of screen sizes
 Load media files directly from the SD card
 Future releases that have been announced
include:
 4.0(Ice Cream Sandwich) is said to be a
combination of Gingerbread and Honeycomb into
a "cohesive whole". It will be released in Q4 2011

10. Android – Platform Architecture

11. Important features of Android
 VGA, 2D Graphics Support. 3D Graphics with
OpenGL 2.0 Libraries
 Relational Data Storage with SQL-Lite
 Connectivity: GSM/Edge, CDMA, Bluetooth,
WiMAX, Wi-Fi
 SMS, MMS and Push Messaging
 WebKit – Chrome V8 Javascript Engine Browser
 Audio, Video, Image – all mobile formats
 Streaming Media Support [RTSP]
 Video Calling and Voice based Features
 Complete Multi-Tasking

12. Android Basics
 Sample Hello World – Code

13. Android Basics
 View
 UI Element
 Button, Label, Text Field … etc
 Activity
 Single Screen UI
 Intent
 Method + Process to do any Task
 Launch an Activity or Send a Message, etc
 Content Provider
 Data Sharing Connectivity between apps.
 Service
 Background Process
 Local
 Local services are components that are only accessible by the application that is hosting the service
 Remote
 remote services are services that are meant to be accessed remotely by other applications
running on the device.

14.  AndroidManifest.xml
 AndroidManifest.xml, which is similar to the web.xml
file in the J2EE world, defines thecontents and
behavior of your application. For example, it lists your
application’s activities and services, along with the
permissions the application needs to run.
 Android Virtual Devices
 An Android Virtual Device (AVD) allows developers to
test their applications without hooking up an actual
Android phone. AVDs can be created in various
configurations to emulate different types of real
phones.

15. Code and Run

16. Discussions…
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