The document discusses various graphics and animation rendering options in Android, including the Canvas API, Renderscript, OpenGL wrappers, and NDK OpenGL. It highlights the evolution of animations in Android prior to and after version 3.0, detailing how properties and classes such as Animator, AnimatorSet, and ObjectAnimator provide more advanced controls. Additionally, it notes the introduction of new view properties in Honeycomb, facilitating dynamic animations beyond simple view manipulations.

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Graphics & Animation
in Android

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Android rendering options
• The Canvas API
• Renderscript
• OpenGL wrappers
• NDK OpenGL

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The Canvas API
• Standard rendering for a typical SDK application that
uses View objects (standard and custom)
• consists of calls to each View's onDraw() method. This
method takes a single parameter, Canvas, which is the
object used by the view to draw its content.

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Renderscript
• Introduced in Android 3.0
• API targeted high-performance 3D rendering and
compute operations
• a 3D rendering API on top of hardware acceleration,
language C99
• executing native code on the device still cross-platform
• use of extensions that are placed into the application
package

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Open GL Wrappers
• OpenGL APIs at the SDK level
• not a recommended practice as a general approach for
complex scenes that require high-performance graphics
• difficult to achieve high performance levels equivalent to
native access to OpenGL due to the overhead of calling
down from the SDK
• Music application that shipped with Android 3.0 used this
approach

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NDK OpenGL
• no access to the View objects, or the events, or the rest
of the infrastructure that is provided in the SDK APIs
• graphics environment sufficient for some specific
purposes: game developers
• compiles applications to specific CPU architectures

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Animations
• Animations prior to Android 3.0
o android.view.animation
o move, scale, rotate, and fade Views
o combine multiple animations together in an AnimationSet
o specify animations in a LayoutAnimationController to get automatically staggered
animation
o use Interpolator implementations like AccelerateInterpolator and Bounce to get
natural, nonlinear timing behavior

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Animations
• Animations prior to Android 3.0
o you can animate Views... and that's it
o How to animate the position of a Drawable in a custom drawing? Or
translucency?
o you can move, rotate, scale, and fade a View... and that's it.
o animating the background color of a View?
o hard-coded set of things they were able to do, and you could not make them do
anything else.

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Animations
• Animator
o superclass for classes which provide basic support for animations which can be
started, ended, and have AnimatorListeners added to them
java.lang.Object
↳ android.animation.Animator
↳ android.animation.AnimatorSet
java.lang.Object
↳
android.animation.Animator
↳
android.animation.ValueAnimator
↳
android.animation.ObjectAnimator

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Animations
• AnimatorSet
o choreograph multiple animators together into a single animation
o animations can be set up to play together, in sequence, or after a specified delay
o “It is possible to set up a AnimatorSet with circular dependencies between its
animations… results of this configuration are undefined… circular dependencies
should be avoided”

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Animations
• ValueAnimator
o runs the internal timing loop that causes all of a process's animations to
calculate and set values
o two pieces to animating properties: calculating the animated values and setting
those values on the object and property in question. ValueAnimator takes care of
the first part; calculating the values

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Animations
ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(myObject, "alpha", 0f).start();
public void setAlpha(float value);
public float getAlpha();

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Animations
• View properties
o added new properties to the View class in Honeycomb
• translationX and translationY
• rotation, rotationX, and rotationY
• scaleX and scaleY
• pivotX and pivotY
• x and y
• alpha

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Animations
• AnimatorSet
o choreograph multiple animations
ObjectAnimator fadeOut = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(v1,
"alpha", 0f);
ObjectAnimator mover = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(v2,
"translationX", -500f, 0f);
ObjectAnimator fadeIn = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(v2,
"alpha", 0f, 1f);
AnimatorSet animSet = new
AnimatorSet().play(mover).with(fadeIn).after(fadeOut);

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Animations
• TypeEvaluator
o The system knows how to animate float and int values, but otherwise it needs
some help knowing how to interpolate between the values you give it
o add this interface to the ValueEvaluator
Interface TypeEvaluator {
public abstract T evaluate (float fraction, T startValue, T
endValue)
}

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