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Unit 5 Notes:
The Stomach
(1) About The Stomach
• Stomach can contain up to 1.5L of food without
pressure changes.
– Feelings of discomfort come from irritants + too
much food
• Stomach composed of excess tissue  Folds of
Tissue = Rugae
– Folds allow the stomach to expand
– Folds also contain secretion glands
• Food sits in the stomach for 3-4 hours
– Depends on Amount & Type of food
(2) Dig. In The Stomach
• Mechanical Digestion:
–Peristaltic churning of stomach
muscle breaks apart bolus.
–Triggered by release of
serotonin from rugae

• Chemical Digestion:
–Gastric Juice contains enzymes
and acid that breaks down
(3) Release of Gastric Juice
• Gastrin (hormone) released from GCells within Rugae:
– Triggered by smell + taste of food
– Triggered by increase in pH
• Gastrin stimulates release of HCl =
Decreasing pH:
– Proteins & Carbohydrates
Metabolized
– Small & Large Intestine stimulated
(4) Gastric Juice
Contains…
• HCl = Hydrochloric Acid
• Pepsin = Enzyme = Breaks down
protein
• Rennin = Enzyme = Breaks down
protein
• Muccin = Mucus = Lubricate Food
Mass
(5) Protein Metabolism
• Proteins take a lot of Gastric
Juice to Metabolize.
• Breaking Down Proteins
releases H+ ions.
• Decreases pH of stomach.
• G-Cells stop releasing gastrin
 HCl stopped.
(6) Leaving The Stomach
• The mass leaving the stomach is called
“Chyme”:
– Mostly liquid  Liquids leave first!
– Solids are left behind until broken
down
• Approximately 3mL of food leaves at
one time….
– Food Exits the Pyloric Sphincter
– Chyme dumped into Small Intestine
Anatomy unit 4 digestive and excretory systems stomach notes
Anatomy unit 4 digestive and excretory systems stomach notes
Anatomy unit 4 digestive and excretory systems stomach notes

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Anatomy unit 4 digestive and excretory systems stomach notes

  • 2. (1) About The Stomach • Stomach can contain up to 1.5L of food without pressure changes. – Feelings of discomfort come from irritants + too much food • Stomach composed of excess tissue  Folds of Tissue = Rugae – Folds allow the stomach to expand – Folds also contain secretion glands • Food sits in the stomach for 3-4 hours – Depends on Amount & Type of food
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5. (2) Dig. In The Stomach • Mechanical Digestion: –Peristaltic churning of stomach muscle breaks apart bolus. –Triggered by release of serotonin from rugae • Chemical Digestion: –Gastric Juice contains enzymes and acid that breaks down
  • 6.
  • 7. (3) Release of Gastric Juice • Gastrin (hormone) released from GCells within Rugae: – Triggered by smell + taste of food – Triggered by increase in pH • Gastrin stimulates release of HCl = Decreasing pH: – Proteins & Carbohydrates Metabolized – Small & Large Intestine stimulated
  • 8.
  • 9. (4) Gastric Juice Contains… • HCl = Hydrochloric Acid • Pepsin = Enzyme = Breaks down protein • Rennin = Enzyme = Breaks down protein • Muccin = Mucus = Lubricate Food Mass
  • 10. (5) Protein Metabolism • Proteins take a lot of Gastric Juice to Metabolize. • Breaking Down Proteins releases H+ ions. • Decreases pH of stomach. • G-Cells stop releasing gastrin  HCl stopped.
  • 11. (6) Leaving The Stomach • The mass leaving the stomach is called “Chyme”: – Mostly liquid  Liquids leave first! – Solids are left behind until broken down • Approximately 3mL of food leaves at one time…. – Food Exits the Pyloric Sphincter – Chyme dumped into Small Intestine