The document discusses analogies and how they are used to clarify unfamiliar concepts by making comparisons. It provides examples of analogies used in literary works like Romeo and Juliet by Shakespeare, My Sister's Keeper by Jodi Picoult, and Looking for Alaska by John Green. These analogies help readers better understand complex ideas by relating them to more familiar scenarios or objects. The document also explains the different types of analogies like similes and metaphors, and how authors use analogies to develop themes, plots and characters in their writing.

1. N A D I N E A K B A R A L I
S T E P H A N I E G O O D A L E
Analogies

2. Association Game
• Find is to lose as construct is to ____________
• Leaf is to tree, as petal is to _____________
• Foot is to shoe, as hand is to _____________
• Fish is to fin, as bird is to _____________

3. Definition: Analogy
• a comparison between two concepts
• Parallels are drawn between them to
explain the unfamiliar idea

4. Analogy
Simile
Metaphor
• Type of argument
• More complicated and lengthy
• Points out similarities between
two things
• Comparison
of two things
• Uses words ‘like’
or ‘as’
Ex. He is as hungry
as a horse.
• Directly states the
comparison
Ex. Time is a thief.
•Figure of speech
•Type of analogy

5. Jodi Picoult– My Sister’s Keeper
• “At the beginning of this hearing, Mr. Alexander,
you said that none of us is obligated to go into a
fire and save someone else from a burning
building. But that all changes if you're a parent
and the person in that burning building is your
child. If that's the case, not only would everyone
understand if you ran in to get your child—they'd
practically expect it of you […] In my life, though,
that building was on fire, one of my children was
in it— and the only opportunity to save her was
to send in my other child, because she was the
only one who knew the way.” (684-685)

6. Explanation
● burning building = threat of death
● a mother will do anything for her child
● running into a burning building is risking own life
for that of another
● knowing the route parallels with having the
means to save that in threat of peril

7. Effect/Impact
• Increases
understanding, by
connecting to a
situation that is
more relatable
• Contributes to
theme of loss
• Plot development:
will Sara’s defense
impact the juries'
ruling

8. Shakespeare – Romeo and Juliet
“ What’s in a name? That
which we call a rose
By any other word would
smell as sweet;
So Romeo would, were he
not Romeo call’d, …”
(II.ii.43-45)
“What does a name
mean? The thing we call a
rose would smell just as
sweet if we called it by
any other name. Romeo
would be just as perfect
even if he wasn’t called
Romeo.”
"Romeo and Juliet." SparkNotes.
SparkNotes, n.d. Web. 07 Feb. 2014.

9. • A rose would smell just
as sweet, even if it had a
different name
• Compares her undying
love for Romeo to the
everlasting sweet smell
of a rose
Explanation

10. • Does not state
comparison outright
• Describes each
scenario separately
• Points out the
similarities
Why is it an analogy?

11. • Since it describes each
scenario separately…
• Reader can think to
figure out connection
• More interactive
Effect/Impact on Reader

12. John Green – Looking for Alaska
• "You spend your whole life stuck in the
labyrinth, thinking about how you'll escape it
one day, and how awesome it will be, and
imagining that future keeps you going, but
you never do it. You just use the future to
escape the present."(p.26)

14. Explanation
• The labyrinth represents the present
• Trapped by the decisions we make, as we
struggle to get out of it
• Outside of the labyrinth we see happiness, or
the future, we always imagine it to be better
than the present

15. Effect/Impact
• Gives an abstract concept a concrete shape =
 understanding
• Character/Relationship development between
Alaska & Miles
• Plot Development: Foreshadowing
consequence of Alaska’s discontent with her
life

16. Robert Frost – The Road Not Taken
“ … Two roads diverged in a
wood, and I,
I took the one less traveled by,
And that has made all the
difference.”

17. Explanation
• Describing a forest with an intersection;
chooses the path less traveled by
• Leader or follower?

18. Why is it an analogy?
• Comparison between the intersection in the
woods and the choices in life
• Does not say it outright – readers make the
connection for themselves

19. Effect/Impact on Reader
• Reader can think
to figure out
connection
• More interactive
!

20. Where, when, how?
• Clarify an unfamiliar concept,
feeling, or situation by using a
simple comparison
• Helps the reader better
understand and relate to said
concept
• Many analogies are used in
everyday speech (i.e. Idioms)

21. Bibliography
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<http://literarydevices.net/analogy/>.
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California, 30 May 2013. Web. 11 Feb. 2014. <https://admissionblog.usc.edu/2013/05/30/june-gloom-the-
transfer-waiting-game-is-almost-over/>.
Muller, Milos. "Stock Photo - Empty Asphalt Highway." 123RF Stock Photos. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2014.
<http://www.123rf.com/photo_18998313_empty-asphalt-highway-with-ecoduct-the-distant-city-of-
carlsbad-karlovy-vary-storm-clouds-in-paralle.html>.
"Who Got Sean’s Final Rose & Is He Engaged? (SPOILER!!!!!)." Reality Steve. N.p., 26 Nov. 2012. Web. 11 Feb.
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<http://thenaughtymommy.com/and-the-final-rose-goes-to-bachelor-finale-recap/>.
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<http://design4services.com/2013/methods/lean-thinking/>.
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<http://www.clker.com/clipart-street-sign-post.html>.
Janda, Melissa. ""Two Roads Diverged in a Yellow Wood." Melissa Janda A Time to Write. N.p., 14 Mar. 2013.
Web. 11 Feb. 2014. <http://melissajanda.wordpress.com/2013/03/14/two-roads-diverged-in-a-yellow-
wood-and-i-i-took-thesafer-one-until-now/>.
Peachey, Bobbie. "Tree Clip Art: Green Forest Scenes." Tree Clip Art of a Green Forest Scene. N.p., n.d. Web. 11
Feb. 2014. <http://webclipart.about.com/library/hvarious/bltree6.htm>.
Pramod. "Boy Reading Clip Art." Vector Clip Art Online. N.p., 17 Nov. 12. Web. 11 Feb. 2014.
<http://www.clker.com/clipart-boy-reading-2.html>.

22. Bibliography
• Harris, Robert A. "A Handbook of Rhetorical Devices, Page 4." A Handbook
of Rhetorical Devices, Page 4. N.p., 5 Jan. 2010. Web. 09 Feb. 2014.
• "Analogies." Analogies. RHL School, 05 Mar. 2001. Web. 09 Feb. 2014.
• "Analogies Quizzes And Worksheets." SoftSchools.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 11
Feb. 2014.
• Picoult, Jodi. My Sister's Keeper: A Novel. New York: Atria, 2004. PDF.
• Green, John. Looking for Alaska: A Novel. New York: Dutton Children's,
2005. Print.
• "Bird 6058 Hd Wallpaper Backgrounds." Wallpaperich.com. N.p., 12 Jan.
2014. Web. 12 Feb. 2014.
• "Water Sea Fish Clownfish Underwater Animals." Only HD Wallpapers.
N.p., 28 June 2012. Web. 09 Feb. 2014. "Labyrinth Clip Art." Clipartist.net.
N.p., Oct. 2011. Web. 12 Feb. 2014.
• "Man Goes Back into Burning House to Rescue His Beer." Winetimes.co.
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• Brown, A. "The Judge Makes the Difference in Drug Court." The New
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