This document provides a summary of a systematic literature review conducted to establish factors for developing an eHealth adoption framework for developing countries. The review analyzed 29 papers published between 2009-2021 on eHealth adoption frameworks in developing nations. The most commonly used frameworks were TAM, UTAUT, and TOE, but additional factors were identified. Based on the findings, the researchers derived a novel 8-dimension eHealth adoption framework for developing countries including socio-demographic, technology, information, socio-cultural, organization, governance, ethical/legal, and financial dimensions. Key factors identified included perceived usefulness/ease of use, cultural dimensions, organizational fit, reinforcement, age/education, financial support, and policy/regulatory
Technology Acceptance Model for Mobile Health SystemsIOSR Journals
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to explore the factors that influence health-related consumer’s
acceptance to use the mobile technology as a tool for receiving healthcare services. Based on technology
acceptance model (TAM), this paper provides a better understanding of antecedent of key acceptance constructs
(e.g. intention to use, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use). The proposed research model and hypotheses
validated and tested with data collected from 302 Egyptians and Yemenis patients, health professionals, and
general health users. The results are analyzed using a number of statistical techniques including partial least
squares. The key findings obtaining from the results of the three surveyed stakeholders reveal that: (1) ninety
percent are indented to use mobile health services. (2) While intention to use has greatly influenced by
perceived usefulness, the impact of perceived ease of use varies. (3) Perceived value, perceived ease of use and
portability factors are significantly affect perceived usefulness. (4) Self-efficacy and technology anxiety have a
great impact on perceived ease of use. (5) The impact of the rest of the suggested factors ranged from medium,
low, and insignificant. The research made an in-depth exploration and examination of the factors that influence
user’s intention to use mobile health services focusing on technological, cultural, organizational, political, and
social aspects whereas most of the previous studies considered only one or two aspects together. The proposed
model can be applied to assess mobile health user’s acceptance, thereby help mobile health developers and
providers to develop better mobile health applications that meet the needs of the potential users.
Keywords: Intention to use, Mobile health, portability, Resistance to change, Technology anxiety, Technology
acceptance model
Applying Utaut and Innovation Diffusion Theory to Understand the Rapid Adopti...Editor IJCATR
M-PESA, the world-leading mobile money system has transformed lives and livelihoods in Kenya and beyond. Financial
inclusion for the marginalized in emerging markets is now feasible and achievable. Mobile money promises a more scalable and
cheaper alternative to the large unbanked populace than conventional banking. In the recent years, Sub-Saharan Africa has rolled out a
number of practical technology-driven innovative products leading to more and more cashless transactions. One such product is MPESA;
a mobile-based financial innovation that has achieved unprecedented growth since its inception in March 2007 by the mobile
network operator, Safaricom. In spite of its tantalizing potential, one major challenge is how to optimally capture the market. This
paper analyses the M-PESA ecosystem, by building theoretical linkages between two main theories; i) Innovation Diffusion Theory
and ii) Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. The questions the author is addressing are: Which factors are
responsible for M-PESA’s rapid adoption? How does Safaricom maintain its strong grip as a Mobile Network Operator in the financial
sector?
Research on the field of using social media has gained more importance in the recent days due to the rapid development of social media technologies. Looking at the behavioral intention and attitude of using social media for collaborative learning within Malaysian higher educational institutions and the influencing factors in this regard has received little attention by researchers. The study aims at examining the determinants that affect learners’ attitude and behavior intention regarding their use social media to achieve collaborative learning. Such examination is carried out by using the Theory Acceptance Model (TAM) and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Usage of Technology (UTAUT). A total of 243 participants were recruited for this study. The findings indicated that students’ attitudes and behavior are strong indicators of their intentions in terms of using social media in collaborative learning.
FACTORS AFFECTING ACCEPTANCE OF WEB-BASED TRAINING SYSTEM: USING EXTENDED UTA...IJCSEIT Journal
Advancement in information system leads organizations to apply e-learning system to train their employees
in order to enhance its performance. In this respect, applying web based training will enable the
organization to train their employees quickly, efficiently and effectively anywhere at any time. This
research aims to extend Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use Technology (UTAUT) using some factors
such flexibility of web based training system, system interactivity and system enjoyment, in order to explain
the employees’ intention to use web based training system. A total of 290 employees have participated in
this study. The findings of the study revealed that performance expectancy, facilitating conditions, social
influence and system flexibility have direct effect on the employees’ intention to use web based training
system, while effort expectancy, system enjoyment and system interactivity have indirect effect on
employees’ intention to use the system.
Extending utaut to explain social media adoption by microbusinessesIJMIT JOURNAL
This paper extends the use of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) to explain social media adoption by microbusinesses. A canonical action research method is used to study social media adoption in microbusiness, and a post positivist approach is used to report the results based on a predetermined premise. It is found that the major constructs of performance and effort expectancy played an insignificant role, and social influence and facilitating conditions did not influence the behavioral and
adoption intentions of social media by microbusiness owners. Owner characteristics and codification effort dominated the use behavior. The goal of microbusiness owners in gaining additional customers leads to behavioral modification resulting in replacing of behavioral intention with goals as a superior method of predicting adoption behavior within the context of microbusinesses.
INVESTIGATING TANZANIA GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES’ ACCEPTANCE AND USE OF SOCIAL MED...IJMIT JOURNAL
The aim of this paper was to present factors which influence work-related adoption of social media among
government employees. The study adapted the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology
(UTAUT) and integrated it with three constructs namely Hedonic Motivation (HM), Perceived Personal
Image (PI) and Attitude (AT). The sample of study consisted of 600 usable responses collected using survey
questionnaire from employees based in Tanzania Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs) employing
convenience sampling technique. The data was analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling. The results
showed that, PI and HM influence attitude (AT), while PI, Social Influence (SI) and AT influence Behavior
Intention (BI). Moreover, SI, PI, AT and BI showed significant effect on actual Use Behavior. Furthermore,
the results showed that PI is affected positively by HM and SI. The added constructs proved to be important
modifications to the UTAUT model as suggested by the increase in explained variance by UTAUT from
70% to 73% on BI and from 53% to 73% on actual use behavior.
Evaluation of Factors Affecting the Adoption of Smart Buildings Using the Tec...Eswar Publications
Objective: This study aimed to find a solution to the acceptance of smart buildings in Iran using the technology
acceptance model (TAM). The main research question is the significance of this model relationships, as well as the
anticipated adoption of smart buildings in Iran using variables included in the model.
Methods: This descriptive study, is based on survey data collection methods and the way of analyzing data is correlational and casual study. Measurement tool was designed based on the standardized questionnaire presented by Davis. The reliability coefficient was 0.88. Statistical population is unlimited and included citizens of Iran in 1395. The sample consisted of 388 individuals. Given the infinity of society and Cochran formula, 384 individual is sufficient for
this research. This study is a random sampling one that was done in the period of 30 days.
Findings and conclusions: The results revealed that all relationships in the model are significant. And among the
variables of the model, perceived usefulness, the attitude toward using, and features of smart buildings had the most
intense relationship in acceptance this technology. Using regression equations, each of the dependent variables in the
model, is predictable by the independent variables.
Innovation of research: The intensity of relationship between variables in technology acceptance model and impact of each variable in explaining the criterion factor was analyzed.
Research limitations: Many people tend not to complete the questionnaire and some ones answer questions unrealistic. Despite all the explanations to justify the respondents, still there are possible directions in responses.
Practical consequences: Using regression equations obtained in this study, we can predict the criterion variables in the
model of technology adoption.
Technology Acceptance Model for Mobile Health SystemsIOSR Journals
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to explore the factors that influence health-related consumer’s
acceptance to use the mobile technology as a tool for receiving healthcare services. Based on technology
acceptance model (TAM), this paper provides a better understanding of antecedent of key acceptance constructs
(e.g. intention to use, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use). The proposed research model and hypotheses
validated and tested with data collected from 302 Egyptians and Yemenis patients, health professionals, and
general health users. The results are analyzed using a number of statistical techniques including partial least
squares. The key findings obtaining from the results of the three surveyed stakeholders reveal that: (1) ninety
percent are indented to use mobile health services. (2) While intention to use has greatly influenced by
perceived usefulness, the impact of perceived ease of use varies. (3) Perceived value, perceived ease of use and
portability factors are significantly affect perceived usefulness. (4) Self-efficacy and technology anxiety have a
great impact on perceived ease of use. (5) The impact of the rest of the suggested factors ranged from medium,
low, and insignificant. The research made an in-depth exploration and examination of the factors that influence
user’s intention to use mobile health services focusing on technological, cultural, organizational, political, and
social aspects whereas most of the previous studies considered only one or two aspects together. The proposed
model can be applied to assess mobile health user’s acceptance, thereby help mobile health developers and
providers to develop better mobile health applications that meet the needs of the potential users.
Keywords: Intention to use, Mobile health, portability, Resistance to change, Technology anxiety, Technology
acceptance model
Applying Utaut and Innovation Diffusion Theory to Understand the Rapid Adopti...Editor IJCATR
M-PESA, the world-leading mobile money system has transformed lives and livelihoods in Kenya and beyond. Financial
inclusion for the marginalized in emerging markets is now feasible and achievable. Mobile money promises a more scalable and
cheaper alternative to the large unbanked populace than conventional banking. In the recent years, Sub-Saharan Africa has rolled out a
number of practical technology-driven innovative products leading to more and more cashless transactions. One such product is MPESA;
a mobile-based financial innovation that has achieved unprecedented growth since its inception in March 2007 by the mobile
network operator, Safaricom. In spite of its tantalizing potential, one major challenge is how to optimally capture the market. This
paper analyses the M-PESA ecosystem, by building theoretical linkages between two main theories; i) Innovation Diffusion Theory
and ii) Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology. The questions the author is addressing are: Which factors are
responsible for M-PESA’s rapid adoption? How does Safaricom maintain its strong grip as a Mobile Network Operator in the financial
sector?
Research on the field of using social media has gained more importance in the recent days due to the rapid development of social media technologies. Looking at the behavioral intention and attitude of using social media for collaborative learning within Malaysian higher educational institutions and the influencing factors in this regard has received little attention by researchers. The study aims at examining the determinants that affect learners’ attitude and behavior intention regarding their use social media to achieve collaborative learning. Such examination is carried out by using the Theory Acceptance Model (TAM) and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Usage of Technology (UTAUT). A total of 243 participants were recruited for this study. The findings indicated that students’ attitudes and behavior are strong indicators of their intentions in terms of using social media in collaborative learning.
FACTORS AFFECTING ACCEPTANCE OF WEB-BASED TRAINING SYSTEM: USING EXTENDED UTA...IJCSEIT Journal
Advancement in information system leads organizations to apply e-learning system to train their employees
in order to enhance its performance. In this respect, applying web based training will enable the
organization to train their employees quickly, efficiently and effectively anywhere at any time. This
research aims to extend Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use Technology (UTAUT) using some factors
such flexibility of web based training system, system interactivity and system enjoyment, in order to explain
the employees’ intention to use web based training system. A total of 290 employees have participated in
this study. The findings of the study revealed that performance expectancy, facilitating conditions, social
influence and system flexibility have direct effect on the employees’ intention to use web based training
system, while effort expectancy, system enjoyment and system interactivity have indirect effect on
employees’ intention to use the system.
Extending utaut to explain social media adoption by microbusinessesIJMIT JOURNAL
This paper extends the use of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) to explain social media adoption by microbusinesses. A canonical action research method is used to study social media adoption in microbusiness, and a post positivist approach is used to report the results based on a predetermined premise. It is found that the major constructs of performance and effort expectancy played an insignificant role, and social influence and facilitating conditions did not influence the behavioral and
adoption intentions of social media by microbusiness owners. Owner characteristics and codification effort dominated the use behavior. The goal of microbusiness owners in gaining additional customers leads to behavioral modification resulting in replacing of behavioral intention with goals as a superior method of predicting adoption behavior within the context of microbusinesses.
INVESTIGATING TANZANIA GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES’ ACCEPTANCE AND USE OF SOCIAL MED...IJMIT JOURNAL
The aim of this paper was to present factors which influence work-related adoption of social media among
government employees. The study adapted the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology
(UTAUT) and integrated it with three constructs namely Hedonic Motivation (HM), Perceived Personal
Image (PI) and Attitude (AT). The sample of study consisted of 600 usable responses collected using survey
questionnaire from employees based in Tanzania Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs) employing
convenience sampling technique. The data was analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling. The results
showed that, PI and HM influence attitude (AT), while PI, Social Influence (SI) and AT influence Behavior
Intention (BI). Moreover, SI, PI, AT and BI showed significant effect on actual Use Behavior. Furthermore,
the results showed that PI is affected positively by HM and SI. The added constructs proved to be important
modifications to the UTAUT model as suggested by the increase in explained variance by UTAUT from
70% to 73% on BI and from 53% to 73% on actual use behavior.
Evaluation of Factors Affecting the Adoption of Smart Buildings Using the Tec...Eswar Publications
Objective: This study aimed to find a solution to the acceptance of smart buildings in Iran using the technology
acceptance model (TAM). The main research question is the significance of this model relationships, as well as the
anticipated adoption of smart buildings in Iran using variables included in the model.
Methods: This descriptive study, is based on survey data collection methods and the way of analyzing data is correlational and casual study. Measurement tool was designed based on the standardized questionnaire presented by Davis. The reliability coefficient was 0.88. Statistical population is unlimited and included citizens of Iran in 1395. The sample consisted of 388 individuals. Given the infinity of society and Cochran formula, 384 individual is sufficient for
this research. This study is a random sampling one that was done in the period of 30 days.
Findings and conclusions: The results revealed that all relationships in the model are significant. And among the
variables of the model, perceived usefulness, the attitude toward using, and features of smart buildings had the most
intense relationship in acceptance this technology. Using regression equations, each of the dependent variables in the
model, is predictable by the independent variables.
Innovation of research: The intensity of relationship between variables in technology acceptance model and impact of each variable in explaining the criterion factor was analyzed.
Research limitations: Many people tend not to complete the questionnaire and some ones answer questions unrealistic. Despite all the explanations to justify the respondents, still there are possible directions in responses.
Practical consequences: Using regression equations obtained in this study, we can predict the criterion variables in the
model of technology adoption.
Extending utaut to explain social media adoption by microbusinessesIJMIT JOURNAL
This paper extends the use of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) to explain social media adoption by microbusinesses. A canonical action research method is used to study social media adoption in microbusiness, and a post positivist approach is used to report the results based on a predetermined premise. It is found that the major constructs of performance and effort expectancy played an insignificant role, and social influence and facilitating conditions did not influence the behavioral and adoption intentions of social media by microbusiness owners. Owner characteristics and codification effort dominated the use behavior. The goal of microbusiness owners in gaining additional customers leads to behavioral modification resulting in replacing of behavioral intention with goals as a superior method of predicting adoption behavior within the context of microbusinesses.
Understanding User’s Acceptance of Personal Cloud Computing: Using the Techno...Maurice Dawson
Personal Cloud Computing (PCC) is a rapidly growing technology, addressing the market demand of individual users for access to available and reliable resources. But like other new technologies, concerns and issues have surfaced with the adoption of PCC. Users deciding whether to adopt PCC may be concerned about the ease of use, usefulness, or security risks in the cloud. Negative attitudes toward using a technology have been found to negatively impact the success of that technology. The purpose of this study was to understand users’ acceptance of PCC. The population sample consisted of individual users within the United States between 18 and 80 years of age. The theoretical framework utilized in this study was based on the technology acceptance model (TAM). A web survey was conducted to assess the measurement and understanding of patterns demonstrated by participants. Our results shows that in spite of the potential benefits of PCC, security and privacy risks are deterring many users from moving towards PCC.
Exploring the behavioral intention to use e-government services: Validating t...Mark Anthony Camilleri
This study explores the online users’ behavioral intention to utilize the governments’ websites and their electronic services. The research methodology validates the measuring items from the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) to better understand the participants’ attitudes toward their performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social norms, facilitating condition and behavioral intention to use the electronic government (e-gov) services. The findings from the structural equations modeling approach reported a satisfactory fit for this study’s research model. The results suggest that there were highly significant, direct effects from the UTAUT constructs, where the utilitarian motives predicted the online users’ behavioral intentions to use e-gov. Moreover, there were significant moderating influences from the demographic variables, including age, gender and experiences that effected the individuals’ usage of the governments’ online services. In conclusion, this contribution identifies its limitations and suggests possible research avenues to academia.
Online medical consultation: covid-19 system using software object-oriented a...riyaniaes
The internet has been a source of medical information, it has been used for online medical consultation (OMC). OMC is now offered by many providers internationally with diverse models and features. In OMC, consultations and treatments are available 24/7. The covid-19 pandemic across-the-board, many people unable to go to hospital or clinic because the spread of the virus. This paper tried to answer two research questions. The first one on how the OMC can help the patients during covid-19 pandemic. A literature review was conducted to answer the first research question. The second one on how to develop system in OMC related to covid-19 pandemic. The system was developed by Visual Studio 2019 using software object-oriented approach. Online expert review was conducted within 6 experts from health and academic industry to verify the model. Also, the system was validated by 11 users from heath and academic industry to confirm its usability. The statistical package for social science (SPSS 22) was used to analyze the collected data. The result of expert review confirmed that covid-19 system can help the patients. Also, the validity of the system was confirmed by 11 users from health and academic industry.
CITIZENS’ ACCEPTANCE OF E-GOVERNMENT SERVICESijcseit
The rate of computer and internet usage has been increasing rapidly around the world. In parallel with the
technologic developments in computer science, transformation from traditional services to online services
has gained speed. The aim of this study is to predict the factors that affect e-government service usage. A
research model is developed to achieve this aim. The proposed model bases on Technology Acceptance
Model and Theory of Planned Behaviour. A questionnaire is developed to evaluate the model. This
questionnaire composes of two parts: demographics part and item part. In the items part, 32 items
comprising the factors of the proposed model are asked to participants. 100 participants fill the
questionnaire. Reliability analysis of the questionnaire is evaluated with internal consistency reliability
method. Results show that all items satisfies the reliability conditions. The reliability of whole
questionnaire Cronbach Alpha is 0.885. The Cronbach’s alpha for the overall scale of each of the factors
ranges from 0.878 to 0.890. Regression analysis results showed that all hypotheses are supported. This
study provides some valuable references to understand citizens’ acceptance level of e-government services.
This presentation is about UTAUT and UTAUT 2. In this slide also discuss briefly about UTAUT and changes made in UTAUT 2. It also discuss about how it can be applied in the classroom and the strength and weakness of using it.
A CASE STUDY ON DEVELOPING AN EFFECTIVE INFORMATION BASED HEALTHCARE SERVICES...cscpconf
The real test of technological development is to ensure whether it reaches people and the most important task is to produce, manage and deliver relevant information systems appropriately
within India. Therefore technology needs to be acquired and adapted for it to be appropriately
developed. A country like India needs to adapt and develop information systems based on their
own needs and structures, using their own methods and practices. When it comes to eGovernance projects, better cooperation is the need of the day both from public as well as
private players [1]. The Indian government is taking greater cognizance of the benefits of technology and some e-Gov projects have already been initiated and deployed in few states of
our country [1]. However, despite an improved Information Communication Technology (ICT)
in our country thanks to the efforts of our government, there are still problems which continue
to hamper the use of information and ICT in domain of healthcare in India [2]. This paper
discusses the current levels of IT and quality in health care in our country and how Information Technology (IT) might be helpful in future.
Application of recommendation system with AHP method and sentiment analysisTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Over time, people needs are increasing. Needs that must be met, often cause problems in the people in determining a choice. People must make the right choice and according to their needs. Not an easy thing for people to make these choices. Therefore, a recommendation system is needed to support people in making decisions that fit their criteria. This research provides a system that can provide recommendations for decision support people according to their criteria, which are web-based. The decision-making system in this research uses the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method. AHP is a multi-criteria decision-making method, which in this research one of the criteria is using sentiment analysis. Sentiment analysis is the process of understanding, extracting, and processing textual data to get sentiment information from an opinion sentence. The opinion sentiment value of each alternative will be included in the AHP calculation to get the best alternative recommendations according to the criteria of people. The result of this research is that the system can provide recommendations to people or users according to their criteria and alternatives as well as public opinion about each alternative.
The advancement of the information and communications technology has helped almost all governments across the world as they have exploited these technologies for delivering services to their citizens. However, this phenomenon may face several challenges and barriers that lead to the failure in its adoption, use, or continuous usage. In the Arab countries, the rate of failure in the use of electronic services is high in the public sector. Therefore, previous studies have concentrated on this critical issue and highlighted on the citizens’ perspective andignored the perspective of employees in the government organizations.In addition, very few previous studies dealt with the quality of the services based on the employees’viewpoint. Thus, based on the arguments that have been stated earlier, this preliminary study strives to identify the factors that may affect the electronic administrative adoption according to the employees’ perspective. With regard to the data collection, the quantitative method, self-administered questionnaires will be distributed among the staff of the Al-Mustansiriyah University, Iraq.With regard to data analysis, a partial least squares structural equation modelling will be used as a technique to analyse the collected data from a key respondent (Employee). In fact, this research strivesto enrich the literature by adding more information about the factors that may hinder theadoption of modern technologies in general and electronic administration in particular. With regard to the Al-Mustansiriyah University, the present study is considered as the first study conducted in this area; therefore the outputs will assist the government to remedy these obstacles before beginning any project in the public sector including the use of ICT instead of the conventional manner.The result of the analysis showed that system quality, service quality, trust of organization, and usefulness were found as significant factors that affect the employees’ adoption of e-administration services in University.
Experience moderator effect on the variables that influence intention to use ...journalBEEI
The study has two objectives, first is exploring the variables that affect the intention to use mobile learning and second is investigating the experience moderator effect on the variables that influence intention to use mobile learning in higher education institutions (HEI) in Iraq. Then formulate a model for intention to use mobile learning. A questionnaire has been conducted in this research for collecting the feedback from the participants. The findings confirmed that social influence (SI), performance expectancy (PE), “facilitating conditions” (FCs), effort expectancy (EE) and “satisfaction” (SA) have an important influence on the intention to use mobile learning. But, this study has rejected the “personal innovativeness” (PINN) factor as it was found not important. Furthermore, the study has confirmed that the experience moderator variable has an influence of EE, SI, and PE on the intention to use mobile learning. This study is significant to the field of discipline as it will provide a roadmap for HEI to recognize the factors that affect the intention to use mobile learning.
A Case Analysis on Involvement of Big Data during Natural Disaster and Pandem...YogeshIJTSRD
Big data is an upcoming technology and requires utmost care for an efficient and smooth implementation of the technology. In case of healthcare the most challenging part of big data is the privacy, data security, handling large volume of medical imaging data and data leakage. It can be useful to this sector when big data is made structured, relevant, smart and accessible and the managers should give importance to the strategic and business value of big data technology rather than only concentrating at the technological aspect of the implementation. The use of big data in natural disasters and pandemics helps to understand and make better decision with fast processing of the data that are collected through various sources such as social media, sensors and other internet activities. This paper tries to focus on effective involvement of Big Data in natural disaster and pandemic and also identify the current and future use of Big Data in health care sector. The paper identifies the critical aspects which are used for Big data implementation and describe ways to handle the challenges related to it. Mr. Bibin Mathew | Dr. Swati John "A Case Analysis on Involvement of Big Data during Natural Disaster and Pandemics and its Uses in the Health Care Sector" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45049.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/other/45049/a-case-analysis-on-involvement-of-big-data-during-natural-disaster-and-pandemics-and-its-uses-in-the-health-care-sector/mr-bibin-mathew
An Investigation into the Impact of the Electronic Taxation System: A Case St...FinancialMarketCorpo
The Namibian government has benefited to date from information technology in many ways. The
current research attempts to investigate the impact of electronic taxation systems, how well it is used, understood and utilized in developing countries. The importance of understanding and influencing Namibian citizens’
acknowledgement of E-Government services is key, given the substantial investment in government communication, information system technology and the potential for cost saving. One of the most successful E-Government
initiatives, the electronic filing system (e-Filing), allows tax returns to be filed electronically. Despite many taxpayers
adopting this method, a large number are still using the traditional manual method of filing tax returns. A descriptive
research approach, namely the Quantitative method was used to evaluate the impact of electronic taxation systems.
This study utilized the decomposed theory of planned behavior with factors adjusted specifically for Namibia as a
developing country to identify the possible determinants of user acceptance of the e-Filing system among taxpayers. This exploratory study was conducted by means of a questionnaire survey. The questionnaires were completed
by 48 individual taxpayers in Windhoek, which made up the whole sample. The research instruments used were
questionnaires. The data and information collected was inspected for accuracy and completeness. Data collected
was presented in the form of tables, charts and graphs for better understanding. After the data was analyzed the
following findings and conclusions were drawn. Taxpayers using the manual method lack facilitating conditions
such as access to computer and internet resources, which was the most significant barrier to e-Filing usage, while
taxpayers using the electronic method reported perceived usefulness as the primary determinant in their decision to
use e-Filing. Understanding these acceptance factors can extend our knowledge of taxpayers’ decision-making and
lead to better arranging and usage of future EGovernment initiatives in Namibia and other developing countries.
The Impact Digitalization Has on Students’ Behavior on a High-Level Instituti...FinancialMarketCorpo
The overall aim of this study was to describe and understand how the impact of digitalization impacts
students’ behavior on a high-level institution such as the University of Namibia. In order to achieve this aim, the
following research questions/and research objectives were formulated. The findings of the study were as follows:
About 60% of respondents indicated had benefited from digitalization offered by the University of Namibia. Meaning that students had a positive behavior on the digitalization in their learning environment. But about 5 (25%) and
4 (20%) of the respondents showed their disagreement. 4 (20%) of the respondents were neutral as the opted in the
middle of the data collection. Only 2 (10%) of the respondents were in agreement with the digital online platforms
that it created a more collaborative lecture room environment at the University of Namibia.
With thus, students were unsatisfied with digital online platforms in the lecture room and referred to it of being
very inadequate and unreliable. With that mind it is recommended that the digitalization should be updated,
restructure and improved by the University for Better Performances and the promotion of learning among the
stakeholders.
Measuring prevailing practices of healthcare professional on electronic healt...journalBEEI
Paper based approach to clinical documentation such as handwritten notes among health care providers are cause of errors in medical field. Therefore, health record system needs to be replaced with electronic health record (EHR). Many health professionals in developing countries specifically in Iraq refuse to use the systems implemented for their benefits due to many reasons. Thus, the use of electronic services is important for successful electronic health implementations. Therefore, this study is intended to identify the main factors affecting the intention of use of the electronic health record in Iraq. Health professional staff who work in the main hospital in Dhi-Qar is chosen because this province is the first local province that implemented many electronic projects. The present study examined use of user acceptance of technology, based on the technology acceptance model (TAM). Moreover, the quantitative method approach for data collection using survey from staff who work in the main hospital in Dhi-Qar. Data was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling using AMOS. The results indicated significant relationship between Ease of Use, Usefulness, Usefulness, Attitude, and Intention of use of EHR. These finding have implementation for decision makers in Iraq government to improve future implementation of e-health services.
Extending utaut to explain social media adoption by microbusinessesIJMIT JOURNAL
This paper extends the use of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) to explain social media adoption by microbusinesses. A canonical action research method is used to study social media adoption in microbusiness, and a post positivist approach is used to report the results based on a predetermined premise. It is found that the major constructs of performance and effort expectancy played an insignificant role, and social influence and facilitating conditions did not influence the behavioral and adoption intentions of social media by microbusiness owners. Owner characteristics and codification effort dominated the use behavior. The goal of microbusiness owners in gaining additional customers leads to behavioral modification resulting in replacing of behavioral intention with goals as a superior method of predicting adoption behavior within the context of microbusinesses.
Understanding User’s Acceptance of Personal Cloud Computing: Using the Techno...Maurice Dawson
Personal Cloud Computing (PCC) is a rapidly growing technology, addressing the market demand of individual users for access to available and reliable resources. But like other new technologies, concerns and issues have surfaced with the adoption of PCC. Users deciding whether to adopt PCC may be concerned about the ease of use, usefulness, or security risks in the cloud. Negative attitudes toward using a technology have been found to negatively impact the success of that technology. The purpose of this study was to understand users’ acceptance of PCC. The population sample consisted of individual users within the United States between 18 and 80 years of age. The theoretical framework utilized in this study was based on the technology acceptance model (TAM). A web survey was conducted to assess the measurement and understanding of patterns demonstrated by participants. Our results shows that in spite of the potential benefits of PCC, security and privacy risks are deterring many users from moving towards PCC.
Exploring the behavioral intention to use e-government services: Validating t...Mark Anthony Camilleri
This study explores the online users’ behavioral intention to utilize the governments’ websites and their electronic services. The research methodology validates the measuring items from the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) to better understand the participants’ attitudes toward their performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social norms, facilitating condition and behavioral intention to use the electronic government (e-gov) services. The findings from the structural equations modeling approach reported a satisfactory fit for this study’s research model. The results suggest that there were highly significant, direct effects from the UTAUT constructs, where the utilitarian motives predicted the online users’ behavioral intentions to use e-gov. Moreover, there were significant moderating influences from the demographic variables, including age, gender and experiences that effected the individuals’ usage of the governments’ online services. In conclusion, this contribution identifies its limitations and suggests possible research avenues to academia.
Online medical consultation: covid-19 system using software object-oriented a...riyaniaes
The internet has been a source of medical information, it has been used for online medical consultation (OMC). OMC is now offered by many providers internationally with diverse models and features. In OMC, consultations and treatments are available 24/7. The covid-19 pandemic across-the-board, many people unable to go to hospital or clinic because the spread of the virus. This paper tried to answer two research questions. The first one on how the OMC can help the patients during covid-19 pandemic. A literature review was conducted to answer the first research question. The second one on how to develop system in OMC related to covid-19 pandemic. The system was developed by Visual Studio 2019 using software object-oriented approach. Online expert review was conducted within 6 experts from health and academic industry to verify the model. Also, the system was validated by 11 users from heath and academic industry to confirm its usability. The statistical package for social science (SPSS 22) was used to analyze the collected data. The result of expert review confirmed that covid-19 system can help the patients. Also, the validity of the system was confirmed by 11 users from health and academic industry.
CITIZENS’ ACCEPTANCE OF E-GOVERNMENT SERVICESijcseit
The rate of computer and internet usage has been increasing rapidly around the world. In parallel with the
technologic developments in computer science, transformation from traditional services to online services
has gained speed. The aim of this study is to predict the factors that affect e-government service usage. A
research model is developed to achieve this aim. The proposed model bases on Technology Acceptance
Model and Theory of Planned Behaviour. A questionnaire is developed to evaluate the model. This
questionnaire composes of two parts: demographics part and item part. In the items part, 32 items
comprising the factors of the proposed model are asked to participants. 100 participants fill the
questionnaire. Reliability analysis of the questionnaire is evaluated with internal consistency reliability
method. Results show that all items satisfies the reliability conditions. The reliability of whole
questionnaire Cronbach Alpha is 0.885. The Cronbach’s alpha for the overall scale of each of the factors
ranges from 0.878 to 0.890. Regression analysis results showed that all hypotheses are supported. This
study provides some valuable references to understand citizens’ acceptance level of e-government services.
This presentation is about UTAUT and UTAUT 2. In this slide also discuss briefly about UTAUT and changes made in UTAUT 2. It also discuss about how it can be applied in the classroom and the strength and weakness of using it.
A CASE STUDY ON DEVELOPING AN EFFECTIVE INFORMATION BASED HEALTHCARE SERVICES...cscpconf
The real test of technological development is to ensure whether it reaches people and the most important task is to produce, manage and deliver relevant information systems appropriately
within India. Therefore technology needs to be acquired and adapted for it to be appropriately
developed. A country like India needs to adapt and develop information systems based on their
own needs and structures, using their own methods and practices. When it comes to eGovernance projects, better cooperation is the need of the day both from public as well as
private players [1]. The Indian government is taking greater cognizance of the benefits of technology and some e-Gov projects have already been initiated and deployed in few states of
our country [1]. However, despite an improved Information Communication Technology (ICT)
in our country thanks to the efforts of our government, there are still problems which continue
to hamper the use of information and ICT in domain of healthcare in India [2]. This paper
discusses the current levels of IT and quality in health care in our country and how Information Technology (IT) might be helpful in future.
Application of recommendation system with AHP method and sentiment analysisTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Over time, people needs are increasing. Needs that must be met, often cause problems in the people in determining a choice. People must make the right choice and according to their needs. Not an easy thing for people to make these choices. Therefore, a recommendation system is needed to support people in making decisions that fit their criteria. This research provides a system that can provide recommendations for decision support people according to their criteria, which are web-based. The decision-making system in this research uses the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method. AHP is a multi-criteria decision-making method, which in this research one of the criteria is using sentiment analysis. Sentiment analysis is the process of understanding, extracting, and processing textual data to get sentiment information from an opinion sentence. The opinion sentiment value of each alternative will be included in the AHP calculation to get the best alternative recommendations according to the criteria of people. The result of this research is that the system can provide recommendations to people or users according to their criteria and alternatives as well as public opinion about each alternative.
The advancement of the information and communications technology has helped almost all governments across the world as they have exploited these technologies for delivering services to their citizens. However, this phenomenon may face several challenges and barriers that lead to the failure in its adoption, use, or continuous usage. In the Arab countries, the rate of failure in the use of electronic services is high in the public sector. Therefore, previous studies have concentrated on this critical issue and highlighted on the citizens’ perspective andignored the perspective of employees in the government organizations.In addition, very few previous studies dealt with the quality of the services based on the employees’viewpoint. Thus, based on the arguments that have been stated earlier, this preliminary study strives to identify the factors that may affect the electronic administrative adoption according to the employees’ perspective. With regard to the data collection, the quantitative method, self-administered questionnaires will be distributed among the staff of the Al-Mustansiriyah University, Iraq.With regard to data analysis, a partial least squares structural equation modelling will be used as a technique to analyse the collected data from a key respondent (Employee). In fact, this research strivesto enrich the literature by adding more information about the factors that may hinder theadoption of modern technologies in general and electronic administration in particular. With regard to the Al-Mustansiriyah University, the present study is considered as the first study conducted in this area; therefore the outputs will assist the government to remedy these obstacles before beginning any project in the public sector including the use of ICT instead of the conventional manner.The result of the analysis showed that system quality, service quality, trust of organization, and usefulness were found as significant factors that affect the employees’ adoption of e-administration services in University.
Experience moderator effect on the variables that influence intention to use ...journalBEEI
The study has two objectives, first is exploring the variables that affect the intention to use mobile learning and second is investigating the experience moderator effect on the variables that influence intention to use mobile learning in higher education institutions (HEI) in Iraq. Then formulate a model for intention to use mobile learning. A questionnaire has been conducted in this research for collecting the feedback from the participants. The findings confirmed that social influence (SI), performance expectancy (PE), “facilitating conditions” (FCs), effort expectancy (EE) and “satisfaction” (SA) have an important influence on the intention to use mobile learning. But, this study has rejected the “personal innovativeness” (PINN) factor as it was found not important. Furthermore, the study has confirmed that the experience moderator variable has an influence of EE, SI, and PE on the intention to use mobile learning. This study is significant to the field of discipline as it will provide a roadmap for HEI to recognize the factors that affect the intention to use mobile learning.
A Case Analysis on Involvement of Big Data during Natural Disaster and Pandem...YogeshIJTSRD
Big data is an upcoming technology and requires utmost care for an efficient and smooth implementation of the technology. In case of healthcare the most challenging part of big data is the privacy, data security, handling large volume of medical imaging data and data leakage. It can be useful to this sector when big data is made structured, relevant, smart and accessible and the managers should give importance to the strategic and business value of big data technology rather than only concentrating at the technological aspect of the implementation. The use of big data in natural disasters and pandemics helps to understand and make better decision with fast processing of the data that are collected through various sources such as social media, sensors and other internet activities. This paper tries to focus on effective involvement of Big Data in natural disaster and pandemic and also identify the current and future use of Big Data in health care sector. The paper identifies the critical aspects which are used for Big data implementation and describe ways to handle the challenges related to it. Mr. Bibin Mathew | Dr. Swati John "A Case Analysis on Involvement of Big Data during Natural Disaster and Pandemics and its Uses in the Health Care Sector" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-5 , August 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd45049.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/other/45049/a-case-analysis-on-involvement-of-big-data-during-natural-disaster-and-pandemics-and-its-uses-in-the-health-care-sector/mr-bibin-mathew
An Investigation into the Impact of the Electronic Taxation System: A Case St...FinancialMarketCorpo
The Namibian government has benefited to date from information technology in many ways. The
current research attempts to investigate the impact of electronic taxation systems, how well it is used, understood and utilized in developing countries. The importance of understanding and influencing Namibian citizens’
acknowledgement of E-Government services is key, given the substantial investment in government communication, information system technology and the potential for cost saving. One of the most successful E-Government
initiatives, the electronic filing system (e-Filing), allows tax returns to be filed electronically. Despite many taxpayers
adopting this method, a large number are still using the traditional manual method of filing tax returns. A descriptive
research approach, namely the Quantitative method was used to evaluate the impact of electronic taxation systems.
This study utilized the decomposed theory of planned behavior with factors adjusted specifically for Namibia as a
developing country to identify the possible determinants of user acceptance of the e-Filing system among taxpayers. This exploratory study was conducted by means of a questionnaire survey. The questionnaires were completed
by 48 individual taxpayers in Windhoek, which made up the whole sample. The research instruments used were
questionnaires. The data and information collected was inspected for accuracy and completeness. Data collected
was presented in the form of tables, charts and graphs for better understanding. After the data was analyzed the
following findings and conclusions were drawn. Taxpayers using the manual method lack facilitating conditions
such as access to computer and internet resources, which was the most significant barrier to e-Filing usage, while
taxpayers using the electronic method reported perceived usefulness as the primary determinant in their decision to
use e-Filing. Understanding these acceptance factors can extend our knowledge of taxpayers’ decision-making and
lead to better arranging and usage of future EGovernment initiatives in Namibia and other developing countries.
The Impact Digitalization Has on Students’ Behavior on a High-Level Instituti...FinancialMarketCorpo
The overall aim of this study was to describe and understand how the impact of digitalization impacts
students’ behavior on a high-level institution such as the University of Namibia. In order to achieve this aim, the
following research questions/and research objectives were formulated. The findings of the study were as follows:
About 60% of respondents indicated had benefited from digitalization offered by the University of Namibia. Meaning that students had a positive behavior on the digitalization in their learning environment. But about 5 (25%) and
4 (20%) of the respondents showed their disagreement. 4 (20%) of the respondents were neutral as the opted in the
middle of the data collection. Only 2 (10%) of the respondents were in agreement with the digital online platforms
that it created a more collaborative lecture room environment at the University of Namibia.
With thus, students were unsatisfied with digital online platforms in the lecture room and referred to it of being
very inadequate and unreliable. With that mind it is recommended that the digitalization should be updated,
restructure and improved by the University for Better Performances and the promotion of learning among the
stakeholders.
Measuring prevailing practices of healthcare professional on electronic healt...journalBEEI
Paper based approach to clinical documentation such as handwritten notes among health care providers are cause of errors in medical field. Therefore, health record system needs to be replaced with electronic health record (EHR). Many health professionals in developing countries specifically in Iraq refuse to use the systems implemented for their benefits due to many reasons. Thus, the use of electronic services is important for successful electronic health implementations. Therefore, this study is intended to identify the main factors affecting the intention of use of the electronic health record in Iraq. Health professional staff who work in the main hospital in Dhi-Qar is chosen because this province is the first local province that implemented many electronic projects. The present study examined use of user acceptance of technology, based on the technology acceptance model (TAM). Moreover, the quantitative method approach for data collection using survey from staff who work in the main hospital in Dhi-Qar. Data was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling using AMOS. The results indicated significant relationship between Ease of Use, Usefulness, Usefulness, Attitude, and Intention of use of EHR. These finding have implementation for decision makers in Iraq government to improve future implementation of e-health services.
Adoption of Integrated Healthcare Information System in Nairobi County: Kenya...Editor IJCATR
Health care information systems are aimed at facilitating the smooth running and interoperability of the health care
delivery processes to ensure efficiency and effectiveness; however, the complexity, heterogeneity and diversity of the health care
sector especially in Kenya poses serious challenges especially in relation to integration of the systems. There is a large disconnect
between the public and private health care delivery systems characterized by fragmentation of services, locally within hospitals
(among primary, secondary and tertiary health care settings) and across different health care centers. This research is aimed at
examining the adoption of integrated healthcare information system in Nairobi County; Kenyatta National Hospital represents the
public sector and The Mater Hospital the private sector. A sample size of 100 users on information system from the two hospitals
picked from the primary secondary and tertiary levels were selected and questionnaires administered to them. Data was analyzed
through descriptive statistics with the aid of SPSS. The results of the study indicated that there was a huge disparity between
healthcare information system adoption in the public and private sectors with the private sector’s adoption being at an advanced
stage. The major barriers to adoption including social political barriers, financial constraints and technical/technological barriers
also presented.
Healthcare receivers’ acceptance of telecardiology in MalaysiaTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This quantitative study investigates acceptance towards implementation of telecardiology in Malaysia. The purpose of this study is to explore and understand the potential factors that could be the key elements in cultivating positive behaviour towards telecardiology adoption in Malaysia. Data was gathered by using survey method from 149 patients and publics who use internet service in their daily lives. The questionnaire was developed by integrating Technology Readiness Index (TRI), Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) which consists of 42 items. Descriptive statistics, factor analysis and one-way ANOVA were conducted to analyse the data. The analysis reveals that Malaysians generally hold a positive perception towards implementation of telecardiology with some reservations. Besides that, gender and income of the respondents were found to influence the variables in telecardiology readiness, hence suggesting these two variables be taken into considerations in the adoption of telecardiology. It is our hope that the result of this study provides some useful information for the policy makers and implementers to develop effective implementation strategies that could reduce users’ resistance and adoption barriers in telecardiology adoption.
module-8-ppt-session-1 for ehealth (1).pptxssuser2714fe
Explain key eHealth and mHealth concepts
Define commonly used eHealth and mHealth terms
Illustrate eHealth and mHealth applications
Describe limitations and considerations for eHealth and mHealth
Available online at www.ijmrhs.com Internation.docxjasoninnes20
Available online at www.ijmrhs.com
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International Journal of Medical Research &
Health Sciences, 2018, 7(5): 76-82
76
ISSN No: 2319-5886
E-health and its Transformation of Healthcare Delivery System in Makkah,
Saudi Arabia
Tabrez Uz Zaman1*, Taher Mohammed Abdul Raheem2, Ghassan Majed Alharbi3,
Moenes Faisal Shodri3, Ahmad Hamza Kutbi3, Sultan Mohammed Alotaibi3 and
Khalid Salem Aldaadi3
1 Lecturer, Department of Health Information Management and Technology, Faculty of Public
Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah Al Mukarrama, Saudi Arabia
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Health Information Management and Technology, Faculty
of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah Al Mukarrama,
Saudi Arabia
3 Interns, Department of Health Information Management and Technology, Faculty of Public
Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah Al Mukarrama, Saudi Arabia
*Corresponding e-mail: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Introduction: E-health is relatively a recent term and can be shuffled with health informatics. It engulfs all forms of
digital and electronic processes found in healthcare provided via information and communication technology (ICT)
channels. This study is an attempt to find out the level of utilization and effectiveness of e-health in Saudi Arabia due
to the vast number of citizens, residents and pilgrims dependent on the present healthcare system. Aim: 1. To assess
the utilization status of electronic health (e-health) in Makkah city hospitals. 2. To measure the usefulness of e-health
in delivering good healthcare in Saudi Arabia. 3. To find out the challenges cum barriers in implementing e-health
services in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A randomized study was carried out in three important hospitals in the Makkah
Region. The entire number of samples collected for this study was 51. They belong to the administrative and medical
staff in the hospitals and comprise of those staff who handle the daily operations of delivering healthcare services to
the patients. Results: The hospitals - King Abdullah Medical City (KAMC), King Faisal Hospital (KFH) and Al Noor
Specialist Hospital are using e-health but in different capacities. The main challenges are the costs and expertise
of such innovative systems in information technology apart from the lack of computer and technical expertise of
the hospital staff. Conclusion: E-health is widely used nowadays and is playing a dynamic and modern role in the
delivery of healthcare in Saudi Arabia. This study brings out the e-health utilization and application in the health
sector. It has exhibited that most of the clinical departments are utilizing e-health at an optimum level.
Keywords: E-health, Healthcare delivery, Information and Communication Technology, Challenges, Barriers
INTRODUCTION
E-health is relat ...
This article introduces health care managers to the theories and philosophies of John Kotter and William Bridges, 2 leaders in the evolving field of change management. For Kotter, change has both an emotional and situational component, and methods for managing each are expressed in his 8-step model (developing urgency, building a guiding team, creating a vision, communicating for buy-in, enabling action, creating short-term wins, don't let up, and making it stick). Bridges deals with change at a more granular, individual level, suggesting that change within a health care organization means that individuals must transition from one identity to a new identity when they are involved in a process of change. According to Bridges, transitions occur in 3 steps: endings, the neutral zone, and beginnings. The major steps and important concepts within the models of each are addressed, and examples are provided to demonstrate how health care managers can actualize the models within their health care organizations.
Proposed Framework For Electronic Clinical Record Information Systemijcsa
This research paper is drawn from an ongoing, large-scale project of implementing Electronic Clinical Record (ECR). The overall aim in this study is to develop a deeper understanding of the socio-technical aspects of the complexities and challenges emerging from the implementation of the ECR, and in particular to study how to manage a gradual transition to digital record. We have proposed ECR conceptual mode. The end result of our research was a collection of ideas / surveys, and field work that clinical institutions and medical informatics must consider to ensure that patients and clinics do not lose long-term access to ECR and technology continually progress. Results of our study identified the need for more research in this particular area as no definitive solution to long-term access to electronic clinical records was revealed. Additionally, the research findings highlighted the fact that a few medical institutions may actually be concerned about long-term access to electronic records.
Health Informatics - An International Journal (HIIJ)hiij
Healthcare Informatics: An International Journal is a quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that Publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of the health care.
The journal focuses on all of aspect in theory, practices, and applications of Digital Health Records, Knowledge Engineering in Health, E-Health Information, and Information Management in healthcare, Bio-Medical Expert Systems, ICT in health promotion and related topics. Original contributions are solicited on topics covered under the broad areas such as (but not limited to) listed below:
Health Informatics - An International Journal (HIIJ)hiij
Healthcare Informatics: An International Journal is a quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that Publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of the health care.
The journal focuses on all of aspect in theory, practices, and applications of Digital Health Records, Knowledge Engineering in Health, E-Health Information, and Information Management in healthcare, Bio-Medical Expert Systems, ICT in health promotion and related topics. Original contributions are solicited on topics covered under the broad areas such as (but not limited to) listed below:
HEALTH DISPARITIES: DIFFERENCES IN VETERAN AND NON-VETERAN POPULATIONS USING ...hiij
Introduction: This study investigated self-reported health status, health screenings, vision problems, and
vaccination rates among veteran and non-veteran groups to uncover health disparities that are critical for
informed health system planning for veteran populations.
Methods: Using public-use data from the National Health Interview Survey (2015-2018), this study adopts
an ecologic cross-sectional approach to conduct an in-depth analysis and visualization of the data assisted
by Generative AI, specifically ChatGPT-4. This integration of advanced AI tools with traditional
epidemiological principles enables systematic data management, analysis, and visualization, offering a
nuanced understanding of health dynamics across demographic segments and highlighting disparities
essential for veteran health system planning.
Findings: Disparities in self-reports of health outcomes, health screenings, vision problems, and
vaccination rates were identified, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions and policy adjustments.
Conclusion: Insights from this study could inform health system planning, using epidemiological data
assessment to suggest enhancements for veteran healthcare delivery. These findings highlight the value of
integrating Generative AI with epidemiological analysis in shaping public health policy and health
planning.
Health Informatics - An International Journal (HIIJ)hiij
Healthcare Informatics: An International Journal is a quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that Publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of the health care.
The journal focuses on all of aspect in theory, practices, and applications of Digital Health Records, Knowledge Engineering in Health, E-Health Information, and Information Management in healthcare, Bio-Medical Expert Systems, ICT in health promotion and related topics. Original contributions are solicited on topics covered under the broad areas such as (but not limited to) listed below:
Health Informatics - An International Journal (HIIJ)hiij
Healthcare Informatics: An International Journal is a quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that Publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of the health care.
The journal focuses on all of aspect in theory, practices, and applications of Digital Health Records, Knowledge Engineering in Health, E-Health Information, and Information Management in healthcare, Bio-Medical Expert Systems, ICT in health promotion and related topics. Original contributions are solicited on topics covered under the broad areas such as (but not limited to) listed below:
Health Informatics - An International Journal (HIIJ)hiij
Healthcare Informatics: An International Journal is a quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that Publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of the health care.
The journal focuses on all of aspect in theory, practices, and applications of Digital Health Records, Knowledge Engineering in Health, E-Health Information, and Information Management in healthcare, Bio-Medical Expert Systems, ICT in health promotion and related topics. Original contributions are solicited on topics covered under the broad areas such as (but not limited to) listed below:
Health Informatics - An International Journal (HIIJ)hiij
Healthcare Informatics: An International Journal is a quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that Publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of the health care.
The journal focuses on all of aspect in theory, practices, and applications of Digital Health Records, Knowledge Engineering in Health, E-Health Information, and Information Management in healthcare, Bio-Medical Expert Systems, ICT in health promotion and related topics. Original contributions are solicited on topics covered under the broad areas such as (but not limited to) listed below:
Health Informatics - An International Journal (HIIJ)hiij
Healthcare Informatics: An International Journal is a quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that Publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of the health care.
The journal focuses on all of aspect in theory, practices, and applications of Digital Health Records, Knowledge Engineering in Health, E-Health Information, and Information Management in healthcare, Bio-Medical Expert Systems, ICT in health promotion and related topics. Original contributions are solicited on topics covered under the broad areas such as (but not limited to) listed below:
BRIEF COMMENTARY: USING A LOGIC MODEL TO INTEGRATE PUBLIC HEALTH INFORMATICS ...hiij
The COVID-19 pandemic has been a watershed moment in public health surveillance, highlighting the
crucial role of data-driven insights in informing health actions and policies. Revisiting key concepts—
public health, epidemiology in public health practice, public health surveillance, and public health
informatics—lays the foundation for understanding how these elements converge to create a robust public
health surveillance system framework. Especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, this integration was
exemplified by the WHO efforts in data dissemination and the subsequent global response. The role of
public health informatics emerged as instrumental in this context, enhancing data collection, management,
analysis, interpretation, and dissemination processes. A logic model for public health surveillance systems
encapsulates the integration of these concepts. It outlines the inputs and outcomes and emphasizes the
crucial actions and resources for effective system operation, including the imperative of training and
capacity development.
Health Informatics - An International Journal (HIIJ)hiij
Healthcare Informatics: An International Journal is a quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that Publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of the health care.
The journal focuses on all of aspect in theory, practices, and applications of Digital Health Records, Knowledge Engineering in Health, E-Health Information, and Information Management in healthcare, Bio-Medical Expert Systems, ICT in health promotion and related topics. Original contributions are solicited on topics covered under the broad areas such as (but not limited to) listed below:
AUTOMATIC AND NON-INVASIVE CONTINUOUS GLUCOSE MONITORING IN PAEDIATRIC PATIENTShiij
Glycated haemoglobin does not allow you to highlight the effects that food choices, physical activity and
medications have on your glycaemic control day by day. The best way to monitor and keep track of the
immediate effects that these have on your blood sugar levels is self-monitoring, therefore the use of a
glucometer. Thanks to this tool you have the possibility to promptly receive information that helps you to
intervene in the most appropriate way, bringing or keeping your blood sugar levels as close as possible to
the reference values indicated by your doctor. Currently, blood glucose meters are used to measure and
control blood glucose. Diabetes is a fairly complex disease and it is important for those who suffer from it
to check their blood sugar (blood sugar) periodically throughout the day to prevent dangerous
complications. Many children newly diagnosed with diabetes and their families may face unique challenges
when dealing with the everyday management of diabetes, including treatments, adapting to dietary
changes, and the routine monitoring of blood glucose. Many questions may also arise when selecting a
blood glucose meter for paediatric patients. With current blood glucose meters, even with multiple daily
self-tests, high and low blood glucose levels may not be detected. Key factors that may be considered when
selecting a meter include accuracy of the meter; size of the meter; small sample size required for testing;
ease of use and easy-to-follow testing procedure; ability for alternate testing sites; quick testing time and
availability of results; ease of portability to allow testing at school and during leisure time; easyto- read
numbers on display; memory options; cost of meter and supplies. In this study we will show a new
automatic portable, non-invasive device and painless for the daily continuous monitoring (24 hours a day)
of blood glucose in paediatric patients.
INTEGRATING MACHINE LEARNING IN CLINICAL DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMShiij
This review article examines the role of machine learning (ML) in enhancing Clinical Decision Support
Systems (CDSSs) within the modern healthcare landscape. Focusing on the integration of various ML
algorithms, such as regression, random forest, and neural networks, the review aims to showcase their
potential in advancing patient care. A rapid review methodology was utilized, involving a survey of recent
articles from PubMed and Google Scholar on ML applications in healthcare. Key findings include the
demonstration of ML's predictive power in patient outcomes, its ability to augment clinician knowledge,
and the effectiveness of ensemble algorithmic approaches. The review highlights specific applications of
diverse ML models, including moment kernel machines in predicting surgical outcomes, k-means clustering
in simplifying disease phenotypes, and extreme gradient boosting in estimating injury risk. Emphasizing
the potential of ML to tackle current healthcare challenges, the article highlights the critical role of ML in
evolving CDSSs for improved clinical decision-making and patient care. This comprehensive review also
addresses the challenges and limitations of integrating ML into healthcare systems, advocating for a
collaborative approach to refine these systems for safety, efficacy, and equity.
BRIEF COMMENTARY: USING A LOGIC MODEL TO INTEGRATE PUBLIC HEALTH INFORMATICS ...hiij
The COVID-19 pandemic has been a watershed moment in public health surveillance, highlighting the
crucial role of data-driven insights in informing health actions and policies. Revisiting key concepts—
public health, epidemiology in public health practice, public health surveillance, and public health
informatics—lays the foundation for understanding how these elements converge to create a robust public
health surveillance system framework. Especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, this integration was
exemplified by the WHO efforts in data dissemination and the subsequent global response. The role of
public health informatics emerged as instrumental in this context, enhancing data collection, management,
analysis, interpretation, and dissemination processes. A logic model for public health surveillance systems
encapsulates the integration of these concepts. It outlines the inputs and outcomes and emphasizes the
crucial actions and resources for effective system operation, including the imperative of training and
capacity development.
INTEGRATING MACHINE LEARNING IN CLINICAL DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMShiij
This review article examines the role of machine learning (ML) in enhancing Clinical Decision Support
Systems (CDSSs) within the modern healthcare landscape. Focusing on the integration of various ML
algorithms, such as regression, random forest, and neural networks, the review aims to showcase their
potential in advancing patient care. A rapid review methodology was utilized, involving a survey of recent
articles from PubMed and Google Scholar on ML applications in healthcare. Key findings include the
demonstration of ML's predictive power in patient outcomes, its ability to augment clinician knowledge,
and the effectiveness of ensemble algorithmic approaches. The review highlights specific applications of
diverse ML models, including moment kernel machines in predicting surgical outcomes, k-means clustering
in simplifying disease phenotypes, and extreme gradient boosting in estimating injury risk. Emphasizing
the potential of ML to tackle current healthcare challenges, the article highlights the critical role of ML in
evolving CDSSs for improved clinical decision-making and patient care. This comprehensive review also
addresses the challenges and limitations of integrating ML into healthcare systems, advocating for a
collaborative approach to refine these systems for safety, efficacy, and equity.
Health Informatics - An International Journal (HIIJ)hiij
Healthcare Informatics: An International Journal is a quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that Publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of the health care.
The journal focuses on all of aspect in theory, practices, and applications of Digital Health Records, Knowledge Engineering in Health, E-Health Information, and Information Management in healthcare, Bio-Medical Expert Systems, ICT in health promotion and related topics. Original contributions are solicited on topics covered under the broad areas such as (but not limited to) listed below:
The Proposed Guidelines for Cloud Computing Migration for South African Rural...hiij
It is now overdue for the hospitals in South African rural areas to implement cloud computing technologies in order to access patient data quickly in an emergency. Sometimes medical practitioners take time to attend patients due to the unavailability of kept records, leading to either a loss of time or the reassembling of processes to recapture lost patient files. However, there are few studies that highlight challenges faced by rural hospitals but they do not recommend strategies on how they can migrate to cloud computing. The purpose of this paper was to review recent papers about the critical factors that influence South African hospitals in adopting cloud computing. The contribution of the study is to lay out the importance of cloud computing in the health sectors and to suggest guidelines that South African rural hospitals can follow in order to successfully relocate into cloud computing.The existing literature revealed that Hospitals may enhance their record-keeping procedures and conduct business more effectively with the help of the cloud computing. In conclusion, if hospitals in South African rural areas is to fully benefit from cloud-based records management systems, challenges relating to data storage, privacy, security, and the digital divide must be overcome.
SUPPORTING LARGE-SCALE NUTRITION ANALYSIS BASED ON DIETARY SURVEY DATAhiij
While online survey systems facilitate the collection on copious records on diet, exercise and other healthrelated data, scientists and other public health experts typically must download data from those systems
into external tools for conducting statistical analyses. A more convenient approach would enable
researchers to perform analyses online, without the need to coordinate additional analysis tools. This
paper presents a system illustrating such an approach, using as a testbed the WAVE project, which is a 5-
year childhood obesity prevention initiative being conducted at Oregon State University by health scientists
utilizing a web application called WavePipe. This web application has enabled health scientists to create
studies, enrol subjects, collect physical activity data, and collect nutritional data through online surveys.
This paper presents a new sub-system that enables health scientists to analyse and visualize nutritional
profiles based on large quantities of 24-hour dietary recall records for sub-groups of study subjects over
any desired period of time. In addition, the sub-system enables scientists to enter new food information
from food composition databases to build a comprehensive food profile. Interview feedback from novice
health science researchers using the new functionality indicated that it provided a usable interface and
generated high receptiveness to using the system in practice.
AN EHEALTH ADOPTION FRAMEWORK FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEWhiij
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Here's where you can reach us : hiij@aircconline.com
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AN EHEALTH ADOPTION FRAMEWORK FOR
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
https://aircconline.com/hiij/V10N3/10321hiij01.pdf
GENDER DISPARITYOF TUBERCULOSISBURDENIN LOW-AND MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES: A SY...hiij
The tuberculosis burden is higher in the population from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and
differently affects gender. This review explored risk factors that determine gender disparity in tuberculosis
in LMICs. The research design was a systematic review. Three databases; Google Scholar, PubMed, and
HINARI provided 69 eligible papers.The synthesized data were coded, grouped and written in a descriptive
narrative style. HIV-TB co-infected women had a higher risk of mortality than TB-HIV-infected men. The
risk of Vitamin-D deficiency-induced tuberculosis was higher in women than in men. Lymph node TB,
breast TB, and cutaneous and abdominal TB occurred commonly in women whereas pleuritis, miliary TB,
meningeal TB, pleural TB and bone and joint TB were common in men. Employed men had higher contact
with tuberculosis patients and an increased chance of getting the disease. Migrant women were more likely
to develop tuberculosis than migrant men. The TB programmers and policymakers should balance the
different gaps of gender in TB-related activities and consider more appropriate approaches to be genderbased and have equal access to every TB-associated healthcare.
BRIEF COMMUNICATIONS DATA HYGIENE: IMPORTANT STEP IN DECISIONMAKING WITH IMPL...hiij
Medical and health data that have been entered into an electronic data system in real-time cannot be
assumed to be accurate and of high quality without verification. The adoption of the electronic health
record (EHR) by many countries to the support care and treatment of patients illustrates the importance of
high quality data that can be shared for efficient patient care and the operation of healthcare systems.
This brief communication provides a high-level overview of an EHR system and practices related to high
data quality and data hygiene that could contribute to the analysis and interpretation of EHR data for use
in patient care and healthcare system administration.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
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Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
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An EHealth Adoption Framework for Developing Countries: A Systematic Review
1. Health Informatics - An International Journal (HIIJ) Vol.10, No.3, August 2021
DOI : 10.5121/hiij.2021.10301 1
AN EHEALTH ADOPTION FRAMEWORK FOR
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Agnes Rwashana Semwanga, Hasifah Kasujja Namatovu , Swaib Kyanda
Kaawaase Mark Abraham Magumba
College of Computing and Information Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
ABSTRACT
There is growing interest in the rate of eHealth uptake resulting from the increased potential to advance the
quality of healthcare services in both the developed and developing countries. Although the implementation
of information and communication technology to support healthcare delivery would greatly address the
quality and accessibility challenges in healthcare as well as reduction in the cost of healthcare delivery, the
adoption of eHealth has not been fully realized. This study aimed at conducting a systematic literature review
to establish the factors associated with the adoption of eHealth and propose a context-specific framework for
successful adoption of eHealth technologies in developing countries such as Uganda. The systematic
literature review process was guided by the Systematic Review Protocol. The review of 29 journals from the
period 2009-2021 showed that, although the most widely used frameworks in the developing countries were
Technology Adoption Model (TAM), Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT)
framework and Technology Organization Environment (TOE) framework, there were other salient factors
reported by other researchers that contributed to the adoption of eHealth in developing countries. A novel
framework for adoption of eHealth in the local context with eight (8) dimensions namely; Socio-
demographic, Technology, Information, Socio-cultural, Organization, Governance, Ethical and legal and
Financial dimensions is derived and presented as result of the research.
KEYWORDS
eHealth, mHealth, adoption, frameworks, developing country
1. INTRODUCTION
eHealth is the delivery of health services to patients who are not in direct contact with the healthcare
providers through electronic means by using a variety of modern electronic information and
communication technologies. [1] and [2] define eHealth as an umbrella term that covers a wide
range of health and care services delivered through ICTs such as electronic health records, health
information systems, remote monitoring and consultation services (telehealth, telemedicine,
telecare), tools for self-management, and health data analytics. mHealth is a subcategory of eHealth
that is connected to mobile telephony and applications. Research has shown that there is a growing
interest in eHealth uptake and use resulting from the increased knowledge of the potential to
advance the quality of healthcare services in both the developed and developing countries [3], [4].
The implementation of information and communication technology to support healthcare delivery
is a key driver in addressing the quality and accessibility challenges in healthcare as well as
reduction in the cost of healthcare delivery [5]. Although there is increased use of the eHealth
implementations, the high failure rates often resulting from the lack of eHealth readiness have been
reported in both the developed and developing countries. eHealth implementation could be of more
value to health systems in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) however, there are barriers
to such implementations such as; limited resources and lack of competent workforce to develop
2. Health Informatics - An International Journal (HIIJ) Vol.10, No.3, August 2021
2
and maintain such eHealth systems. Healthcare institutions or communities need to be adequately
prepared if the anticipated change brought by programs related to information and communication
technologies is to be realized.
Several studies indicate a slow progress in the adoption of eHealth in Sub Saharan Africa which is
partly caused by primary user’s limited computer skills and poor internet connectivity, poor
existing infrastructure and network failure lack of prior planning for example strategy and need
readiness assessment and lack of eHealth policy and strategy [1]–[5]. In a commitment to embrace
technology to augment healthcare delivery, Ghana reported that very little was known about the
characteristics of the required workforce and yet the country’s eHealth strategy could not be fully
realized without a well-trained workforce [6], [7], [8]. The research further mentioned the critical
need to identify the essential numbers of the eHealth staff categories and the training needs
necessary for effective and efficient adoption of eHealth. The adoption and implementation of EHR
at 646 sites in Kenya showed variable dictionaries across implementations resulting into inability
to easily share data across systems, lack of expertise in dictionary management, lack of central
coordination and custody of a terminology service, inadequately defined policies and processes,
insufficient infrastructure, among others [9].
Although Uganda has shown a growing increase in the use of eHealth and m-Health applications
as a means to improve healthcare service delivery, their success is far below expectation [4]. The
health eco-system in Uganda is largely operating on silo systems with large appreciation of eHealth
in improving service delivery but with less enforcement and adoption of the same [4], [10]. There
is a need for a structured approach to assess the status of eHealth technology adoption and
subsequently establish where they have failed and why.
There has been great investment in the sector at individual, national, regional and international
level, however there is little appreciation and adoption of the same. Alaboudi et al., [11] noted that
there was neither one-size-fit-all framework nor best-practice solution for all ICT innovations or
for all countries while each country / organisation experienced barriers and challenges in adopting
and implementing one ICT innovation. Several eHealth adoption models and frameworks such as
the “Fit between Individuals, Task and Technology” (FITT) framework, Technology Adoption
Model (TAM), Diffusion of Innovations Theory and Theory of Acceptance and Use Technology
(UTAUT) have been developed by several researchers, however, there is still need to establish why
these have not yielded the anticipated results [12], [13], [14], [15]. [12]-[15]
Although, several adoption theories and models have been proposed in the past, there is still need
to identify a context-specific framework for successful adoption of eHealth technologies in
developing countries. There’s a huge disparity in the socio-economic, socio-cultural, socio-
demographic and political setting between the developed and developing countries, yet eHealth
adoption has been treated as a “one-size-fits-all.” Hence, the purpose of this study was to conduct
a systematic review to establish key factors associated with the adoption of eHealth in developing
countries and subsequently develop a framework that fits the context of developing countries. like
Uganda.
2. THE SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
The main reason for conducting the systematic literature review was to establish the factors to be
used to identify and propose an eHealth adoption framework for a developing country like Uganda.
The systematic review followed the protocol by [16], highly acknowledged in Software
Engineering as shown in Table 1.
3. Health Informatics - An International Journal (HIIJ) Vol.10, No.3, August 2021
3
Table 1: Systematic Review Protocol (adopted from [16])
Background Several adoption theories and models have been proposed, however, the
adoption of eHealth has not yielded the anticipated results. The success of
eHealth and m-Health applications towards the improvement of healthcare
service delivery is far below expectation. There is need to establish a suitable
framework that will guide the adoption of eHealth in the Ugandan context.
Research Question What factors are essential for the development of a context-specific
framework for successful adoption of eHealth technologies in Uganda?
Strategy Sources included the following databases: Science Direct, PubMed,
ProQuest, Google Scholar, Elsevier.
Keywords: “eHealth” AND “Adoption Frameworks”, AND “Developing
Countries”, “eHealth” AND “Acceptance”, “Telemedicine” AND
“Adoption”, “Telemedicine” AND “Acceptance”.
Study selection criteria Journal articles related to the adoption of eHealth published from 2009 to
2021. Three search types of logical criterion in the search field:
1. Search Type 1 : Title field
2. Search Type 2 : Title field, Abstract and Keywords field
3. Search Type 3 : All fields
Study selection
procedures
Journal articles that contain any kind of review, evaluation or assessment
about eHealth system(s)
Data extraction strategy Data was extracted from each journal paper as follows: Source of the
journal, year, when the paper was published, aim of the study, the country,
study design, framework or models used and factors/ variables affecting
adoption,.
3. THE METHODOLOGY AND FINDINGS
The Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted which involved three phases, namely; i)
planning the review, ii) conducting the review and iii) reporting the review as suggested by [17].
3.1. Planning the Review
The planning started with the drafting of the review protocol which was shared with the four
members of the research team during a brainstorming session. The protocol was examined to
ensure that it was aligned with the goals of the study and the research questions. The protocol was
further examined to ensure that the selected key words were derived from the research questions
and that the data extracted and analysis would address the research question.
3.2. Conducting the Review
The search with the key words was run for each logical criterion in the search field and was further
reduced according to the following inclusion criteria:
a. The journal paper must have been published from 2009, since 12 years was considered
adequate time to examine the eHealth adoption in developing countries where e-Health
adoption is still in the infancy stage.
b. The focus of the journal paper was the eHealth adoption in developing countries.
c. The journal paper must have been published in an international journal of interest.
The first step of the review process involved carrying out preliminary searches of the systematic
review papers to establish those that were found relevant. Secondly, a web search was performed
to find out other relevant concepts. Several sets of key words were used to combine the concepts
4. Health Informatics - An International Journal (HIIJ) Vol.10, No.3, August 2021
4
of the study such as “eHealth” AND “Adoption Frameworks” AND “Developing Countries”,
“eHealth” AND “Acceptance”, “Telemedicine” AND “Adoption”, “Telemedicine” AND
“Acceptance” and “eHealth” and “Readiness” and “eHealth” and “Assessment”. Additionally,
articles in the reference lists of the selected studies were used to identify more concepts to enhance
the review.
3.3. Reporting the Review
A search in Pubmed for (Adoption Framework) AND (eHealth) AND (Developing country)
restricted to journal articles from 2009 to 2021 resulted in 18 publications which were identified
and characterized, and the more relevant articles analyzing eHealth adoption frameworks in LMIC
from a more generic perspective were analyzed in detail. A similar search on Google Scholar
resulted in 43 publications, while searches on Science Direct, Elsevier and ProQuest did not yield
any results. There were 61 database searches. The inclusion criteria were met by only 29 articles
which were included in the study.
3.4. Findings
The papers that were reviewed examined the factors associated with the access, influence, culture,
reinforcement, acceptance and adoption of eHealth as well as the barriers, challenges, enablers,
inhibitors and outcomes of eHealth adoption. The methods in the study design (reviewed papers)
included field surveys, semi-structured and structured questionnaires, interviews, participant
observations, electronic literature search and reviews, concept working groups, mixed methods,
case studies and fuzzy analytic network process among others. The table below presents the
authors, aim of the study, country, study design, frameworks and models used and factors affecting
adoption as reported by the 29 papers that were reviewed.
Table 2: Review of eHealth Adoption Frameworks / Models
5. Health Informatics - An International Journal (HIIJ) Vol.10, No.3, August 2021
5
Aut
hor
Aim Count
ry
Study
Design
Framework /
Models used
Factors / Variables affecting
adoption
[18] Study the factors
affecting the
adoption and
acceptance of e-
Health in the context
of Saudi Arabia
Saudi
Arabi
a
Survey
data
Technology
Acceptance
Model (TAM)
and Theory of
Planned
Behavior
frameworks
(TPB).
Significant influence of
perceived usefulness and
perceived ease of use on the
attitude.
Attitude and subjective norm
significantly influence patient
behavioral intention to use e-
health services.
[19] Investigate the
influence of culture
on the adoption of e-
Health in
Bangladesh.
Bangl
adesh
Structure
d
question
naire
Hofstede's
cultural
dimension
model and the
Technology
Acceptance
Model (TAM).
Cultural dimensions such as
power, distance, masculinity,
restraint and perceived
usefulness had significant
impacts on intention to use
eHealth.
[12] Analyze the socio-
organizational-
technical factors that
influence IT
adoption in the
healthcare
Crete Intervie
ws and
participa
nt
observati
ons
“Fit between
Individuals,
Task and
Technology”
(FITT)
framework
domain.
Organizational factors that
influence IT adoption in
healthcare- Fit management, fit
between individuals, task and
technology
[13] To explore the
factors that
influence rural end
users' acceptance of
ehealth in
Bangladesh.
Bangl
adesh
Field
survey,
structure
d
question
naire and
Logistic
regressio
n
analysis.
Technology
Acceptance
Model (TAM)
was adopted as
the research
framework.
Influential variables were social
reference, advertisement,
attitude toward the system,
access to cell phone and
perceived system
effectiveness. Significant
demographic variables on
eHealth acceptance behavior
were, age, gender, and
education.
[20] Explore the need to
positively reinforce
the adoption of
telemedicine
amongst clinicians
in Nigeria.
Nigeri
a
Structure
d paper-
based
question
naires
Unified Theory
of Acceptance
and Use of
Technology
(UTAUT)
model
Influential factors were
performance expectancy, effort
expectancy, facilitating
condition and reinforcement
determinants.
[21] Explore and analyze
the current level of,
reasons behind and
factors affecting
consumer
acceptance of
Portable Health
Clinic (PHC).
Bangl
adesh
Qualitati
ve and
explorat
ory
survey
among
600
inhabitan
ts
Technology
Acceptance
Model (TAM)
Consumer’s age, occupation and
purchasing power have very
strong influence on their
acceptance of eHealth services
while their gender, level of
education, access to cell phone
and previous eHealth
knowledge have very
insignificant or weaker impact.
6. Health Informatics - An International Journal (HIIJ) Vol.10, No.3, August 2021
6
[22] Review published
research on TAM
use in health
information systems
development and
implementation with
regard to application
areas and model
extensions after its
initial introduction.
Divers
e
Electroni
c
literature
search
from 134
articles
Technology
Acceptance
Model (TAM)
The review identified three main
information and communication
technology (ICT) application
areas for the TAM in health
services: telemedicine,
electronic health records, and
mobile applications
[23] Explore the factors
that affect
individuals'
acceptance of using
social media as a
tool for receiving
health awareness
Saudi
Arabi
a, the
Unite
d
Kingd
om,
and
the
Unite
d
Arab
Emira
tes
Survey Technology
Acceptance
Model (TAM),
Task
Technology Fit
(TTF) and
Prospect Theory
resulting into
Smart Health
Awareness
Message
Framework
Perceived usefulness
significantly affects people
toward social media adaptation
in sharing health information.
Perceptions of the benefits of
adopting health messages, the
design of health messages,
patient friendly and
technologically materials
encouraged individuals to
exchange these messages
among social media users.
[11] Identify the
principle predictive
challenges and
barriers in the
context of the
Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia and
understand the
perspective of the
decision makers of
each HCF type,
sector, and location.
Kingd
om of
Saudi
Arabi
a
Literatur
e review,
intervie
ws, and
question
naires
Unified Theory
of Acceptance
and Use of
Technology
(UTAUT), the
Technology,
Organisation
and
Environment
(TOE)
theoretical
framework, and
the Evaluating
Telemedicine
Systems Success
Model
(ETSSM).
Barriers to adoption of
telemedicine services by
healthcare facilities are (i) the
availability of adequate
sustainable financial support to
implement, operate, and
maintain the telemedicine
system, (ii) ensuring conformity
of telemedicine services with
core mission, vision, needs and
constraints of the HCF, and (iii)
the reimbursement for
telemedicine services.
[9] Examine policies
and processes
around dictionary
management
Kenya Concept
working
group
Framework for
maintenance of
medical
terminological
systems by
Bakhshi-Raiez
et al. (2008).
Policies and processes around
dictionary management
[24] Investigate the
factors that affect the
adoption of mHealth
services in
Bangladesh using
Extended
Technology
Acceptance Model.
Bangl
adesh
Survey Extended
Technology
Acceptance
Model (TAM).
Adoption of a system such as
mHealth is dependent on
usefulness of the systems and
ease of use.
7. Health Informatics - An International Journal (HIIJ) Vol.10, No.3, August 2021
7
[25] Identify relevant
elements of Internet
adoption at user
level
Gamb
ia
Question
naires
Unified Theory
Acceptance and
Use of
Technology
(UTAUT)
Direct determinants: education,
behavioural intention and
income. Indirect determinants:
performance expectancy, effort
expectancy, social influence and
facilitating conditions.
Moderating factors: age,
gender, experience, voluntary
use, friends’ influence
[26] Review and
document patient
adoption issues and
develop a
framework.
Devel
oping
countr
ies
South
Africa
Literatur
e search
Patient m-health
Adoption Frame
Socio cultural practices,
awareness of eHealth and
impacted adoption , high and
unrealistic expectations and
mHealth, access to mobile
devices, accessible power,
mobile network service
coverage and language
behavior
[27] Understand potential
factors driving /
inhibiting the
decision of HIS
adoption in
Malaysia
Malay
sia
Fuzzy
analytic
network
process
and
survey
Integrated
Diffusion of
Innovation
Theory (DOI),
Technology,
Organisation
Environment
(TOE)
framework,
Human
Organisation
Technology Fit.
Decision to adopt HIS mainly
determined by technological
and environment context.
[28] Establish the
determinants
affecting the
adoption of master
data management
Malay
sia
Empirica
l study
Technology
Organisation
Environment
(TOE)
framework
Top management support,
relative advantage, data security
and government policy.
[29] Identify factors
influencing the
adoption of HIS in
public hospitals
Pakist
an
Question
naires,
Confirm
atory
Factor
Analysis
and
Structure
Equation
Modelin
g were
applied.
Framework for
the adoption of
HIS in public
sector hospitals
of Pakistan
Top management, financial
revenue, relative advantage,
compatibility, coercive pressure
and mimetic pressure positively
influenced HIS adoption.
[30] Study the adoption
of an integrated
hospital information
system
Ugand
a
Intervie
ws,
question
naires
UTAUT Factors that enhanced use
included; expected
improvement in job
performance, easiness of
learning and using systems,
support and influence from
management and peers,
availability of organizational
and technical infrastructure.
8. Health Informatics - An International Journal (HIIJ) Vol.10, No.3, August 2021
8
[31] Comprehend several
factors affecting
adoption of cloud
computing in
healthcare
organisations
Jordan Quantitat
ive
approach
, surveys
Technology,
Organisation
and
Environment
(TOE)
Technology, organization and
environment are important and
could have an impact of cloud
computing.
[32] Examine the
relationships of
health practitioners
intentions to adopt
eHealth systems.
Thaila
nd
Quantitat
ive
Used constructs
of belief,
attitude and
intentions.
Beliefs, intentions are higher on
attitudes.
[37] Analyses the
technology adoption
framework to
determine a suitable
model
South
Africa
Survey,
question
naires,
quantitat
ive
approach
,
statistica
l
Cronbac
h Alpha
and
multi-
linear
regressio
n
Usefulness, ease of use,
knowledge of electronic patient
record management system, ICT
infrastructure, technology
readiness, organizational
readiness, top management
support and compatibility of
electronic patient record
management systems.
[34] Examine the factors
influencing adoption
of the computer
assisted medical
diagnosis from
Kenyan perspective
Kenya Data
collectio
n and
statistica
l analysis
Reviewed
several theories;
UTAUT,
Theory of
Reasoned Act,
Theory of
Planned
Behaviour
How gender, age and specialty
influence these constructs;
perceived usefulness, perceived
ease of use, perceived
information quality, perceived
trust, security, awareness, ICT
skills and savings / cost as
constructs and user satisfaction.
[35] Identify essential
factors that are
significant driving
or hindering the
decision to adopt
HIS.
Malay
sia
Decision
Making
Trial and
Evaluati
on Lab,
Analytic
Network
Process
Method
to assess
depende
ncy
Technology
Organisation
Environment
(TOE)
Technical competence,
compatibility, top management
support, vendor support were
the most essential for successful
adoption of HIS.
9. Health Informatics - An International Journal (HIIJ) Vol.10, No.3, August 2021
9
[36] The aim of this study
was to evaluate key
informant (local
expert) opinions on
aspects that need to
be considered when
developing an
eHRA framework
suitable for use in
developing
countries.
Botsw
ana
Intervie
ws
eHealth
Readiness
Assessment
Framework
eHealth readiness
Governance (organizational
readiness, Government
readiness, Societal
readiness
Resources (Technological
infrastructure readiness)
Stakeholder issues
(Healthcare provider
readiness, Engagement
readiness, Core readiness)
Access (Public patient
readiness)
[6] The objective of this
study was to develop
a framework to
characterize and
assess the eHealth
workforce of
hospitals in LMICs.
Ghana Semi-
structure
d
intervie
ws
Framework to
characterize and
assess the
eHealth
workforce in
LMIC.
ehealth workforce roles required
for effective leadership,
management and support or
operations
well-trained workforce and their
training needs
4. REVIEW OF THE FRAMEWORKS
Several frameworks and theories have been used to examine the adoption of eHealth in developing
countries as shown in the table. Some of the frameworks that have been used include; the Human
Organisation Technology Fit [27], Extended Technology Acceptance Model [24], Diffusion
Innovation Theory (DOI) [27], framework with social factors, cloud security risks and benefits
[27], Theory of Planned Behaviour ([18], [34]), Theory of Reasoned Act [34], Fit between
Individuals Task and Technology (FITT) [12] and Patient m-Health Adoption framework
([26],[36]).
However, the research showed that the most widely used frameworks for eHealth adoption in
developing countries were the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) ([18], [13], [23], [22], [23]),
the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) ([11], [20], [25], [30], [34])
and the Technology, Organisation and Environment (TOE) framework ([11], [31], [28], [31], [35]).
TAM is one of the most popular and influential models of technology acceptance designed to
measure the adoption of new technology based on user attitudes. The model helps to understand
how people come to admit and utilize new technologies. The model utilizes two primary factors
influencing and individual’s intention to use new technology, namely; perceived ease of use and
perceived usefulness [37]. TAM has evolved over the years and currently has many variations.
From the use of UTAUT, the following factors have been identified as being related to the adoption
of eHealth. The influential factors include; performance expectancy, effort expectancy, facilitating
conditions and reinforcement determinants. The direct determinants are education, behavioral
intention and income and the indirect determinants are performance expectancy, social influence
and facilitating conditions. The Technology Organization Environment (TOE) framework on the
other hand, describes factors that influence technology adoption and its likelihood as well as the
process by which a firm adopts and implements technological innovations influenced by the
technological context, the organizational context, and the environmental context [38]. The study
used the constructs from the three most widely used as well as other frameworks to propose a
framework that was suitable for eHealth adoption in developing countries.
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10
5. THE PROPOSED FRAMEWORK FOR THE ADOPTION OF EHEALTH IN
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
This section presents the methods used to develop and validate the framework as well as the
description of the components of the framework.
5.1.Preparation of the Proposed Framework
Following the systematic review of 29 papers and the discussion of the frameworks that have been
used by other researchers in developing countries, factors associated with the adoption of eHealth
were selected from the three most widely used frameworks (TAM, UTAUT, TOE). The factors
were combined and then categorised into eight (8) dimensions which were borrowed from existing
frameworks. The dimensions that were created are Socio-demographic (13), Technology (11),
Information (5), Socio-cultural (7), Organization (15), Governance (3), Ethical and legal (1), and
Financial dimensions (2) and these were put together to form a framework for the adoption of
eHealth in Uganda as shown in Figure 1.
The proposed framework was validated following a two tier process with subject matter experts
(SME’s) from both academia and the industry. The first evaluation was conducted with a team of
researchers at the School of Computing and Informatics Technology, Makerere University. These
SME’s have a good trajectory and years of experience in developing eHealth systems. Two focus
group discussions involving six participants each, were organized in parallel sessions to critically
examine the proposed framework. The ulterior motive was to eliminate ambiguity, monotony and
identify any misrepresentations. Feedback from this team of validators was shared with the authors,
who, unanimously agreed to refine the framework as suggested. The revised framework was shared
with another team of validators from the medical field (5 participants) and Ministry of Health (3
participants). This team further advised to collapse some factors under the organizational and
governance dimension because some factors were over-represented. It is envisaged that the
publication of this paper will lead to further revision of the framework resulting from socio-cultural,
economic and political disparity of different countries.
5.2. Description of the Framework
This section presents the proposed eHealth adoption framework as well as provides a description
of the dimensions that make up the framework as shown in Figure 1.
Socio-demographic Dimension: The socio-demographic dimension has characteristics of the
population or community that should be taken into consideration as new technologies are being
introduced. Socio-demographic characteristics provide guidance from the design, development,
implementation and adoption of the system or technology. The socio-demographic characteristics
that were found to be important in the eHealth frameworks adoption included; age, gender,
education level, occupation, income, awareness of eHealth (knowledge) and access to mobile
devices. Other factors related to the person’s experience in use of ICTs, attitudes towards eHealth,
perception of usefulness, user satisfaction, performance expectancy of eHealth and perceived trust
of technology were reported to contribute significantly to the adoption of eHealth.
Socio-Cultural Dimension: The socio-cultural factors are those that have social and cultural
aspects. Some of the socio-cultural factors affecting eHealth adoption that must be considered are;
beliefs and influence by friends in the community, power and masculinity (what the person in
charge (controls the funds) says) and the distance between user and nearest health facility.
Additionally, there should be societal readiness and public-patient readiness to use the technology.
11. Health Informatics - An International Journal (HIIJ) Vol.10, No.3, August 2021
11
Technology Dimension: Several factors related to technology were found to be important in the
adoption of eHealth in developing countries. Although these countries often experience
inadequacy of resources, there is need to adequately prepare for adoption of technologies. The
review of eHealth adoption frameworks yielded the following as important factors towards the
adoption of eHealth in developing countries; infrastructure and technology readiness, availability
of organizational and technical infrastructure (electricity, mobile network), presence of integration
and interoperability standards, development of IT agendas and vendor support. Further, it was
noted that adoption would be enhanced if the IT design was friendly, with ease of learning and use
of the technology and the usefulness of the system could be derived. The new technologies should
be compatible with the existing e-patient records management systems. Additionally, there was
need to establish training needs and plan to have them resolved for successful adoption of eHealth
technologies. Furthermore, the use of the eHealth technology needs to be beneficial in terms of
savings and cost reduction.
Information Dimension: As far as the information generated by the eHealth technologies or systems
is concerned, the following factors were found to be important. The technologies should offer
patient friendly health messages that are usable among technologies for enhanced exchange
especially among social media users. Information from eHealth technologies or systems should be
of high quality. The eHealth technologies or systems should ensure that confidentiality and privacy
of information are maintained to avoid access by fraudsters.
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Figure 1: A Framework for eHealth Adoption in Developing Countries
Organisational Dimension: Successful eHealth adoption requires a conducive environment where
there is adequate preparedness and readiness in the implementing organization / health facility. The
implementation of eHealth should be in conformity with core mission, objectives and needs of the
organization / health facility. There should be technical (ICT, data entry clerks) skill competence
in the organization among the workforce as well as institutional and peer support/influence.
Appropriate information culture at the eHealth implementing facilities and language behaviour
enhances the adoption of technology. The use of coercive and mimetic pressure should be
minimized and issues related to the resistance in the use of Electronic Medical Records (EMR)
should be addressed while encouraging voluntary eHealth usage. The improvement of the
workflows and job performance as well as strengthening knowledge transfer from eHealth system
13. Health Informatics - An International Journal (HIIJ) Vol.10, No.3, August 2021
13
developers to users improves the adoption of eHealth. The impact of telemedicine acceptance by
public hospitals once observed will additionally enhance the eHealth adoption.
Governance Dimension: Successful adoption of eHealth requires a high level of governance and
support from top management as well as the design and implementation of government policies
for eHealth adoption. Additionally, there should be policies and processes that govern dictionary
management, as this has been found to be very critical in eHealth adoption (citation 9 should be
added).
Ethical and Legal Dimension: Ethical and legal considerations must be observed while
implementing eHealth more so since eHealth involves the processing and use of patient data. As
reported in other studies [6], [7], ethical and legal issues have been found to play an important part
in the successful adoption of eHealth.
Finance Dimension: The successful adoption of eHealth requires adequate financial support for
implementation, operation, user training, awareness, and maintenance. Like this study, several
studies [8]–[10] underscore the relative importance of adequate finances in boosting eHealth
adoption. Adequate financial resources enable the procurement, installation and maintenance of
digital technologies. Users can be motivated financially [11] which increases their desire to use
digital health systems.
6. CONCLUSION
The study shows that there are several frameworks that have been used to examine eHealth
adoption in developing countries. These include; Technology Acceptance Model Unified Theory
of Acceptance and Use of Technology, Organisation and Environment framework the Human
Organisation Technology Fit, Extended Technology Acceptance Model, Diffusion Innovation
Theory, Logic model, Theory of Planned Behaviour, Theory of Reasoned Act, Fit between
Individuals Task and Technology and Patient m-Health Adoption. Technology Acceptance Model,
Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology and Technology, Organisation and
Environment are the most widely adopted frameworks. However, other researchers equally report
critical success factors for eHealth adoption yet they are not addressed in these frameworks. Hence,
a more comprehensive framework that integrates all factors has been developed to capture the
salient features for successful adoption of eHealth in developing countries. This framework
proposes eight key dimensions namely, Socio-demographic, Technology, Information, Socio-
cultural, Organization, Governance, Ethical and legal, and Financial dimensions. Future research
will involve the implementation of the eight (8)-dimension eHealth adoption framework, as
proposed by this research, to validate its applicability in the developing world context.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Sincere gratitude goes out to the Government of Uganda, through the Makerere University,
Research and Innovations Fund for funding this research. Similarly, appreciation goes out to all the
authors and research assistants for their relentless effort and perseverance to have this review
successfully done.
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AUTHORS
Agnes Rwashana Semwanga is an Associate Professor of Information Systems and the
Deputy Principal of the College of Computing and Information Sciences at Makerere
University. She teaches and supervises graduate students on the Master of Health
Informatics programme, has done extensive research, published and developed System
Dynamics models of health issues including immunisation, maternal health, neonatal
health and food security.
Hasifah is attached to the Department of Information Systems at College of Computing
and Information Sciences at Makerere University, where she has served for 10 years as
a professional career researcher and lecturer. She is an interdisciplinary design science
researcher and information systems technologist specializing in database systems,
systems dynamics and health informatics.
16. Health Informatics - An International Journal (HIIJ) Vol.10, No.3, August 2021
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Swaib Kyanda Kaawaase is a lecturer of wireless communication networks. He is the
head of networks department at the College of Computing and Information Sciences at
Makerere University. He is a researcher with passion on the use of ICT for the wellbeing
of human life in all forms.
Mark is an active researcher in the field of data science, natural language processing and
machine learning in general. He is particularly interested in practical applications of data
science and machine learning in finding novel solutions to various problem areas like
health, nature conservation, agriculture, urban planning and energy.