HERBAL INGREDIENTS USED IN SKIN CARE.pptx

MADE BY
SAURABH PUNIA
M-PHARM (1ST YEAR)
“ HERBAL INGREDIENTS USED IN SKIN
CARE ”

CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION
• BASIC PHYSIOLOGY OF SKIN
• HERBAL COSMETICS FOR SKIN
• ADVANTAGES OF HERBAL COSMETICS
• DISADVANTAGES OF HERBAL COSMETICS
SCHOOL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, CSJMU

WHAT ARE COSMETICS ?
Cosmetics are substances that are used to enhance the odor and appearance of human body.
According to Drugs and Cosmetics Act 1940 and Rules 1945 under section 3(aaa),
“Cosmetics are articles intended to be rubbed, poured, sprinkled, or sprayed on ,
introduced into, or otherwise applied to the human body or any part thereof for
Cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance without
affecting structure or function of skin” .

WHAT ARE HERBAL COSMETICS ?
• Herbal Cosmetics are also known as “Natural Cosmetics”.
• These are the cosmetics which are prepared using plant products having cosmetic actions.
• Recently the use of herbs in cosmetics have increased mainly due to the mild action and
non toxic.
• Herbal formulations always have attracted considerable attention because of their good
activity and comparatively lesser or nil side effects with synthetic drugs.
• Now a days, herbal cosmetic have growing demand in the world market and is an
invaluable gift of nature.

BASIC PHYSIOLOGY OF SKIN
• Skin care products are the most widely used product types among all cosmetics and personal care
products. They have been the largest sector of the cosmetics market for many years, and their market still
continues to grow. Now a days herbal cosmetics are the first choice of many individuals due to their less
side effects. SCHOOL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, CSJMU

CONT..
• The human skin consists of three main layers, namely the epidermis , dermis.
Underneath the dermis, there is a third layer, called the hypodermis.
• Epidermis is the outer layer of the skin that functions as a protective layer against
external influences.
• The skin’s outermost layer, the SC, is a natural barrier, which has a very unique structure,
often referred to as the “brick and mortar” structure.
• The dermis is located under the epidermis, and it functions as a supporting frame to the
epidermis, supplying it with nutrients and oxygen via the blood capillaries.
• Hypodermis is a loose connective tissue that stores fat in the fat cells.

CONT..
• In normal skin, there is a continuous movement of water from the deeper layers toward
the superficial layer where water eventually evaporates.
• Normally, the skin surface is slightly acidic and ranges between pH 4.5 - 5.5.
• Stratum Basal cells takes 15-30 days to reach Stratum Corneum.
• Replace cells of the skin once every two months

HERBAL COSMETICS FOR SKIN
• The herbal approach of proper skin care is principally based on 3 essential steps-
• Cleansing
• Nourish
• Moisture
• Whatever may be the type of skin these 3 steps are external care of the skin to protect
from the external environment and skin natural process of cell degradation decay.

LIST OF HERBS USED FOR VARIOUS TYPES OF
SKIN
• FOR DRY SKIN
• Has low level of sebum and prone to sensitivity. Chapping and cracking are the signs of dry and
dehydrated skin.
• FOR EXAMPLE-
• OLIVE OIL (Olive tree, Olea europaea)
• ALOEVERA (Aloe barbadensis miller)
• COMFREY (Symphytum officinale)
• ROSE
• FRUIT FACE MASK MAINLY BANANA OR AVOCADRO PULP

CONT..
• FOR OILY SKIN
• Shiny, thick and dull coloured oily skin has coarse pores and pimples.
• FOR EXAMPLE-
• LEMON GRASS- astringent
• LIQUORICE (Glycyrrhiza glabra)
• LAVENDRA OIL
• ROSE BUDS
• THYME ( Thymus vulgaris)
• FRUIT FACE MASK MAINLY STRAWBERRY AND PAPAYA PULP

CONT.
• FOR NORMAL SKIN
• Has even tone, soft , smooth texture , non greasy patches or flaky areas
• FOR EXAMPLE-
• PIPPERMINT OIL
• HERBAL FACE PACK
• SANDAL WOOD OIL
• FENNEL OIL

BASIC SKIN CARE NEEDS
1. MOISTURIZING AGENT: The moisturizing agent helps the skin to become
soft and Flexible. Moisturizers shows a healthy glow and are less prone to aging. Some
of the herbal moisturizers include -
• Rose water,
• Jojoba oil,
• Aloe-vera

CONT..
2. TONERS: The toners help to tighten the skin and keep it from being exposed to many of the toxins that
are floating in the air or other environmental pollutants. Some of the herbs used as toners are-
• Witch hazel,
• Lemon,
• Essential oils
3. CLEANSING AGENT: Helps to remove the dust, dead cells and dirt that chokes the pores on the skin.
Some of the common cleansers include-
• Vegetable oils like Coconut, Sesame and Palm oil

1. ALOEVERA

ALOEVERA (ALOE BARBADENSIS MILLER)
• It is a plant that grows in hot, dry climates. It is mostly , found in Rajasthan, Andhra Pradesh,
Gujarat, Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu.
• Contains- Wound and Burn healing properties, Anti-Inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.
• 2 commonly used products of aloe vera are- Gel and Yellow sap.

CONT..
• Each leaf of aloe vera is composed of three layers:
1) An inner clear gel that contains polysaccharides, amino acids, lipids, sterols and vitamins .
2) The middle layer of latex which is the bitter yellow sap and contains anthraquinones and
glycosides.
3) The outer thick layer of 15-20 cells called rind which has protective function and synthesizes
carbohydrates and proteins.

CONT..
• Contains more than 75 potential active constituents mainly present in the Gel and in the Yellow sap
of the plant.
• The gel consists primarily of water (> 98%) and polysaccharides

CONSTITUENTS PRESENT IN ALOEVERA
• SUGARS: Monosaccharides (mannose-6-phosphate) and
polysaccharides.
• ANTHRAQUINONES: Yellows sap provides12 anthraquinones
including phenolic compounds traditionally known as laxatives and
act as analgesics, antibacterials and antivirals.

• MINERALS: Calcium, chromium, copper, selenium, magnesium, manganese, potassium, sodium and
zinc are the major minerals present in Aloe.
• HORMONES: The hormones auxins and gibberellins have been reported in Aloe. They help in
wound healing and have anti· inflammatory action.
• AMINO ACIDS: Aloe provides 20 of the 22 human required amino acids.
• VITAMINS: Aloe contains vitamins A (~·carotene), C and E, which are antioxidants. It also contains
vitamin B " folic acid, and choline.
• OTHERS: Aloe also contains salicylic acid, lignin, saponins. Salicylic acid possesses anti·
Inflammatory and antibacterial properties. Lignin, an inert substance, when included in topical
preparations, enhances penetrative effect of the other ingredients into the skin.
• Saponins are the soapy substances and have cleansing and antiseptic properties.

EFFECTS OF ALOEVERA ON SKIN
• MOISTURIZING EFFECT - Polysaccharides help in binding moisture into the skin. Aloe
stimulates fibroblast which produces collagen and elastin fibres making the skin more elastic and
less wrinkled. It also has cohesive effects on the superficial flaking epidermal cells by sticking them
together, which softens the skin. The amino acids also soften hardened skin cells and zinc acts as an
astringent to tighten pores.

CONT..
• SKIN PROTECTOR - Aloe gel has been reported to have a protective effect against radiation
damage to the skin. On administration of aloe gel, an antioxidant protein, metallothionein, is
generated in the skin, which scavenges hydroxyl radicals and prevents suppression of superoxide
dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in the skin

CONT..
• Aloe vera improved fibroblast cell structure, as well as quickened the collagen creation process
• It forms the coat on the surface of skin and shields the skin from harmful UV radiations of the sun.
• It diminishes the wrinkles and aides in the lightning of the dark spots and imperfections.
• Dermatologists prescribe Aloe vera to cure sunburn, lighten stretch marks and sun tan
• Have the healing property in the skin cells up to the epithelial level
• Remarkably powerful moisturizer and recuperating operator for both animal and human skin

• Healing properties: Increases collagen synthesis which accelerates wound contraction and increases
the breaking strength of scar tissue.
• ANTI- INFLAMMATORY- It inhibits the cyclooxygenase pathway and reduces prostaglandin E2
production from arachidonic acid.
• ANTI VIRALAND ANTITUMOUR EFFECT- These actions may be due to indirect or direct
effects. Indirect effect is due to stimulation of the immune system and direct effect is due to
anthraquinones.
• ANTISEPTIC EFFECT-The ingredients like Lupeol, salicylic acid, urea nitrogen, cinnamomic
acid, phenols and sulfur have inhibitory action on fungi, bacteria and virus.

2. LIQUORICE

CONSTITUENTS PRESENT IN LIQUORICE
• Biologically active compounds are primarily secondary metabolites and their
derivatives such as alkaloids , glycosides , flavonoids , phenolics , saponins , tannins ,
terpenes , anthraquinones , essential oils , and steroids are present in liquorice.
• Liquorice extract contains sugars, starch, resins, essential oils, tannins, inorganic
salts, and low levels of nitrogenous constituents such as proteins, some amino acids,
and nucleic acids.

LIQUORICE (GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA)
• Liquorice is derived from the plant Glycyrrhiza glabra meaning “sweet root” in Greek.
• BRIGHTEN SKIN - If you suffer from hyperpigmentation, a condition where patches of skin
become darker than the surrounding skin due to extra melanin deposits in those spots,
Liquorice can restore the skin to a lighter colour when applied daily to the darkened area.
Today, the leading treatment for hyperpigmentation and skin spots is a chemical
called hydroquinone. Liquorice is an exciting all-natural treatment option that offers a brilliant
alternative for those looking to avoid putting a chemical on their skin.

CONT..
• TREAT SKIN CONDITIONS - Psoriasis and atopic dermatitis (also known as eczema)
are skin conditions that leave scaly patches all over the skin. Liquorice contains anti-
inflammatory properties that help reduce swelling and itching or burning of the skin.
• TREAT ACNE - Acne is a condition marked by red bumps that is caused by excessive oil
production in the glands. Liquorice helps control oil production and will also help reduce
the redness experienced by those with Rosacea, which causes a flushed face with red,
patchy skin.

CONT..
• HEAL WOUNDS AND SKIN INFECTIONS - Liquorice has natural antimicrobial
and antifungal properties and is great for wound cleaning. It also helps to keep swelling
and redness to a minimum. The Liquorice works by reducing the amount of bacteria on
the skin and allowing the skin to repair faster.
• HIDE SUN DAMAGE - Dark spots and age spots caused by the sun can wreak havoc on
the body by giving away your age. Applying Liquorice in topical form can help bring your
skin to a smooth, lighter tone thanks to the Glabridin that stops the skin from darkening
after sun exposure. And since sun damage is a primary cause of discoloration of the skin,
Liquorice also contains UV blocking enzymes that help protect you from future damage.

3. TURMERIC

TURMERIC (CURCUMA LONGA)
• Turmeric gets its health benefits primarily because of curcumin, a bioactive component. Curcumin
has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antioxidant properties.
• HELP IN ACNE SCARRING - A contributing cause of acne is bacteria known as Propionibacterium
acnes, the most abundant bacteria on human skin. To treat severe acne, antibiotics such as
erythromycin and clindamycin in combination with azelaic acid are prescribed. However, as drug
resistance grows, researchers continually test new antimicrobial agents. Curcumin has antibacterial
activity against a number of bacteria including P. acnes when combined with lauric acid. Turmeric
face mask help reduce acne and any resulting scars. The anti-inflammatory qualities can target your
pores and calm the skin. Turmeric is also known to reduce scarring. This combination of uses may
help your face clear up from acne breakouts.

EFFECTS OF TURMERIC ON SKIN
• CAN HELP SKIN ISSUES - The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory qualities of turmeric may help
your psoriasis by controlling flares and other symptoms. Can help with eczema, alopecia, lichen
planus, and other skin issues. “The curcumin in turmeric may decrease inflammation, research
suggests that curcumin can help in the management of oxidative and inflammatory conditions.”
• TURMERIC TO COMBAT SUN DAMAGE AND SIGNS OF AGING - UV rays are skin’s worst enemy
as they cause sunburns, skin cancer, fine lines, hyperpigmentation, and wrinkles. A recent study
found that turmeric’s antioxidant compounds significantly improved sun damage in rat skin, a
possible early indication for the potential to slow the effects of aging in humans. Antioxidants
prevent free radicals like pollution and UV rays from affecting your skin’s elasticity — the quality
that keeps your skin feeling soft and supple.

4. LAVENDRA OIL

LAVENDRA OIL
• LAVENDER OIL FOR ACNE- Lavender oil works to kill bacteria, and this can prevent
and heal acne breakouts. It unclogs pores and reduces inflammation when you put it on your
skin.
• SOOTHES ECZEMA AND DRY SKIN- Eczema can show up anywhere on your body. With
eczema, your skin gets dry, itchy, and scaly. It can appear mild or chronic and in multiple
locations. Since lavender has antifungal properties and reduces inflammation, it can help keep
eczema at bay.
• Lavender oil can also be used to treat psoriasis. The lavender oil helps cleanse your skin and
lessen redness and irritation.

CONT..
• LAVENDER OIL FOR FACE WRINKLES - Free radicals are partly responsible for
fine lines and wrinkles on the face. Lavender oil is full of antioxidants, which help protect
you from the free radicals. To use lavender oil for wrinkles, use a few drops of the
essential oil along with coconut oil. The mixture can be used as a moisturizer once or
twice a day.

MARKETED FORMULATIONS OF HERBAL
COSMETICS
PRODUCTS
• CREAM
• FACE WASH
• FACE SCRUB
BRAND NAME
• VICCO TURMERIC CREAM
• COMBI NEEM FACE WASH
• ALOE INDICA FACE SCRUB

ADVANTAGES OF HERBAL COSMETICS
• They do not provoke allergic reactions and do not have negative side effects
• They are easily incorporated in skin
• With small quantity they are very effective as compared to synthetics cosmetics
• Easily available and found in large variety and quantity
• Easily Compatible with all skin types.

DISADVANTAGES OF HERBAL COSMETICS
• Herbal drugs have slower effects as compared to allopathic dosage form and it also
requires long term therapy.
• Manufacturing process are time consuming and complicated.

HERBAL INGREDIENTS USED IN SKIN CARE.pptx

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