Al-Andalus referred to Muslim Iberia between the 8th and 15th centuries. The main economic activities were agriculture, stockbreeding, trading and crafting. Cities had walls, narrow streets, fortified palaces, mosques, markets and sewer systems. Early on, Muslims, Christians and Jews coexisted peacefully but religious intolerance increased later. After the battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212, the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada was the last remnant of Al-Andalus, falling to the Catholic Monarchs in 1492.

2. Toledo Cordoba

4. Now, let’s talk about life in Al Andalus. The main economic activities in Al Andalus were: In the country, agriculture and stockbreeding . In the cities, trading and crafting This is the picture of a typical Islamic city: Let’s try to describe its characteristics.

5. Cities in Al-Andalus . In Al Andalus: - Cities were always surrounded by walls. - The streets of the city were narrow and the city’s layout was irregular. - Every city had its fortified palace (alcázar), mosque and market Other characteristics: - Cities had their sewers (alcantarillas) system - There also were services like libraries and hospitals.

6. Religion in Al-Andalus . In the first centuries of Islamic domination there was pacific coexistence between Muslim, Christians and Jews. The domination of the Almoravids and Almohades (11 th and 12 th centuries) was , non-Islamics started to be prosecuted: it was a time of religious intolerance

7. THE FALL OF AL-ANDALUS - 1 After the battle of las Navas de Tolosa (1212), only a small part of the Al-Andalus survived: the Nasrid kingdom of Granada During that time, the “Nasrid Palaces” were built. Do you know where they are? The Nasrid Kingdom lasted more than two centuries, but it had to pay tributes to the Castilian kingdom, and to collaborate with it.

8. The Nasrid kingdom of Granada fell in the war against…. The Catholic Monarchs And this was in the year……. 1492 THE NASRID PALACES (Palacios Nazaríes) - the Alhambra, Granada

9. Did you understand? Let's try to answer some questions about Al-Andalus: 1. What was Al-Andalus? 2. Was it possible to be Christian or Jew during Al-Andalus? 3.Can you describe a typical city of that time? 4. What was the last territory of Al-Andalus to fall? 5. In which year did it fall and against who? (¿ Os habéis enterado?)