HIV compromises the immune system and leads to AIDS. The first AIDS case was reported in 1981 in New York. There are now approximately 37 million people living with HIV globally. HIV is transmitted through sexual contact, blood transmission, and from mother to child. While there is no cure for HIV, antiretroviral therapy can suppress the virus and prevent AIDS.

2. WHAT is AIDS ?
HIV- (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) the virus compromises the
body’s ability to handle disease and causes AIDS.
AIDS- AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection. When the immune
system CD4 cells drop to a low level, a person ability to fight
infection is lost.

3. HISTORY
AIDS is the biggest threat to mankind in last three decades.
The first case of aids was described from New York (USA) in 1981.
Due to its large population size, India has the third largest HIV
epidemic in the world
There were approximately 36.9 million people living with HIV at the
end of 2017 with 1.8 million people becoming newly infected in 2017
globally reported by WHO.

4. TYPES OF HIV
•HIV-1 and HIV-2 are the two main
types of HIV.
•HIV-1 is the most widespread type
worldwide. HIV-2, a less prevalent
and less pathogenic (disease-causing)
type, is found principally in western
Africa.
•HIV-2 is becoming more common in
India.

5. SYMPTOMS
When HIV emerges from latency (The
period when someone with HIV
shows no signs of it) symptoms can
include:
Dry, flaky skin
Chronic fatigue
Fever that comes and goes (pyrexia)
Diarrhoea that lasts more than a
week
Heavy night sweats
Rapid weight loss
Swollen lymph nodes
White spots on tongue, mouth
& throat

6. HIV CAN BE TRANSMITTED BY
Sexual Mode- 75 %
Blood Transfusion- 5 %
Percutaneous/Mucosal- 5 %
Perinatal Mode- 20-40 %

8. WHICH BODY FLUID CONTAIN HIV ?
HIV lives and reproduces in blood and other body
fluids. we know that the following fluids can contain
high levels of HIV-
Blood
Semen
Pre-seminal fluid
Breast milk
Vaginal fluids
Rectal (anal) mucous
GET
EDUCATED
HIV/ AIDS
IS A
SILENT
KILLER

9. Other body fluids and waste products—like feces,
nasal fluid, saliva, sweat, tears, urine, or vomit—don’t
contain enough HIV to infect you, unless they have
blood mixed in them and you have significant and
direct contact with them. healthcare workers may be
exposed to some other body fluids with high
concentrations of HIV, including:
Amniotic fluid
CSF
Synovial fluid

10. HIV CANNOT BE TRANSMITTED BY
Casual contact
Sharing food or water
Kissing and Touching
Helping an injured person with HIV
Bite of Mosquitoes and other insects
Toilet seats

11. ELISA
Rapid card test
Screening Test
P- 24 Antigen & NASBA
Real time PCR & RT- PCR
Confirmatory Test
CD4 T Cell Count
CD4:CD8 T Cell ratio
Non Specific Test
DIAGNOSIS

12. TREATMENT
There is no cure for HIV.
Anti-retroviral therapy can
reduce the presence of the virus
in the body, but can not
eliminate it.