The document outlines various types of aid including non-governmental, bilateral, multilateral, emergency, and development aid, highlighting their specific characteristics and delivery methods. It discusses problems associated with aid such as miscoordination and misuse, exemplified by aid workers being taken hostage. The document also focuses on Sudan's challenges such as rapid population growth, resource strain, and prolonged civil conflict.

2. Types of Aid
Non-Governmental (NGO) Aid – Given by organisations
such as Trocaire, Concern, Goal that do not work for the
Government
Bilateral Aid – Aid from one Government to another
Multilateral Aid – Aid from many countries to one
country (often done through the United Nations)
Emergency Aid – Aid given in times of crisis (such as the
Haiti earthquake) – food, water etc.
Development Aid – Aid given for long term use (building
roads, schools etc)

3. 2007 Junior Cert – Higher Paper

4. Problems with Aid....

5. Aid and Problems
Problems with the effective coordination of Aid – John
O’Shea
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4X0-3FQqN3c
Problems with Aid being misused – Aid workers used as
hostages
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h3R_5JE9idI

6. UN Development Agency
http://www.undp.org/
The UNDP is the best example of an agency set up to
administer multilateral aid that we have
UN has no money – except what it’s member countries
provide it with – needs to be managed carefully

7. 2011 Higher JC

8. 2009 Higher JC

9. Sudan

10. Sudan – a slowly developing
country
Located on the border between the Sahel and the Sahara
Desert – suffers from drought and desertification

11. 2007 JC Higher

12. Sudan – a slowly developing
country
Population is growing rapidly, this is putting a strain on
resources (water, food) which leads to soil erosion and
desertification

13. Sudan – a slowly developing
country
Conflict between Muslim North and Christian South has led to
20 years of civil war and the country is now split in two.

14. 2005 Junior Cert Higher
Marking Scheme:
Name Country – 2 Marks
Two Ways – 4 marks each. Statement – 2m. Development – 2m